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极低级变质作用和极低级变质带综述 总被引:17,自引:2,他引:17
极低级变质作用是指变质作用最低级的部分,包括成岩作用和浅层变质作用,其变质温度范围大体介于150-370℃之间。本文简要地对极低级变质作用和极低级变质带的特征和研究领域进行综述,可以看出,通过极低级变质作用和极低级变质带的研究,能够提供造山带、沉积盆地演化及板劈理发育等有关地球动力学过程和流变状态信息;强调指出进一步研究极低级变质作用和极低级变质带的必要性。 相似文献
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贵州巴金区三叠系极低级变质岩系构造解析索书田(中国地质大学,武汉,430074)极低级变质作用和极低级变质带是当代地质学前沿研究课题之一,国际地科联特设IGCP—294项“极低级变质作用”工作组指导该领域的研究。对此项研究已经召开过多次国际专题研讨会... 相似文献
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有机质热演化与极低级变质作用 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
岩石中有机质热演化特征可以灵敏于反映岩石的成岩作用到变质作用之间(即极低级变质作用)的温度、压力变化情况。笔者对有机质热变指标在极低级变质作用界线、变质带划分和变质作用温度、压力和时间演化等方面的应用进行了综述和探讨。 相似文献
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昆阳群地层岩石极低级变质作用的主要特点:碎屑状绿泥石-白云母(绢云母)堆垛集合体发育,且多平行层理定向排列;个别堆垛集合体见有明显的弯曲可膝折现象,表明经受平行层理的压缩作用。根据堆垛集合体,层理及早世代水力破裂-充填石英微细脉体间关系,认为极低级变质作用是区域变形构造-热事件之前的产物:变质温度在155-350℃之间,变质级,地层时代及岩层在地层柱中的位置渐趋一致,与区域变形强度缺乏谐调关系。上述特点所反映的构造环境属于地壳伸展背景下裂谷环境内的埋藏型变质作用。 相似文献
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右江盆地三叠纪槽盆相浊流沉积岩系遭受过区域极低级变质作用。依据地质观察和伊利石结晶度、绿泥石-云母堆垛集合体、标志性粘土矿物及白云母(伊利石)b0参数测定资料,阐述了泥质岩石的成岩变质作用经浅层(近)变质作用到浅变质作用的转换特征。变质温度区间为150-350℃,低压类型,具高地温梯度(40-43℃/km).变质级及亚带总体与地层时代及岩层在地层柱中的位置有耦合关系,而与区域变形强度无关。最后指出区域极低级变质作用是印支-燕山构造旋回早期及区域变形前的地质事件,属于地壳伸展构造背景下右江边缘型盆地内部的埋藏型变质作用。 相似文献
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右江盆地三叠纪槽盆相浊流沉积岩系遭受过区域极低级变质作用。依据地质观察和伊利石结晶度、绿泥石-云母堆垛集合体、标志性粘土矿物及白云母(伊利石)b0参数测定资料,阐述了泥质岩石的成岩变质作用经浅层(近)变质作用到浅变质作用的转换特征。变质温度区间为150-350℃,低压类型,具高地温梯度(40-43℃/km).变质级及亚带总体与地层时代及岩层在地层柱中的位置有耦合关系,而与区域变形强度无关。最后指出区域极低级变质作用是印支-燕山构造旋回早期及区域变形前的地质事件,属于地壳伸展构造背景下右江边缘型盆地内部的埋藏型变质作用。 相似文献
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Barrow(1893)提出了三个重要观点:(l)关键性指示矿物的应用可确定变质带并推断区域变质作用的空间特征;(2)递增变质作用的概念;(3)热岩浆平流可能是区域变质作用的一个起因,这些都加深了对变质作用过程的理解。本文通过回顾我们对变质岩石PTt轨迹得出的造山带动态演化的认识,以及考虑到造山带内不同类型区域变质作用的可能起因,来进一步探讨这些论题。通过峰值温度和压力的相对时间关系,对区域变质岩石可区分出两种不同的基本造山带类型。以顺时针PT轨迹为特征的造山带在达到峰值温度前获得峰值压力,变质峰期一般滞后于带内早期变形,高于“正常”传导热流的附加热与超覆量有关。相反,以逆时针PT轨迹为特征的造山带在获得峰值压力前达到峰值温度,变质峰期一般先于带内早期变形或与之同时,高于“正常”传导热流的附加热与深成任人体的就位有关。用于确定PTt轨迹的手段有:变斑晶及反应结构中矿物包裹体序列的应用、温压计、流体包体的应用、诸如Gibbs方法的热力学方法、放射性同位素测年、裂变径迹研究和数字模拟。在合适的岩石中,我们可利用特定矿物共生组合来确定单条PTt轨迹,并且同—造山带内的一套PTt轨迹使我们能够解释变质作用动态演化过 相似文献
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徐学纯 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1993,(3)
变质地质学及有关问题是第29届国际地质大会讨论的重要议题之一。有许多专题都直接或间接地计论了这些问题。本文概要地介绍了几个方面的一些新进展和新动向,其中包括变质作用的时空演化、造山带变质作用过程的模式、超高压变质作用、极低温变质作用和变质带的构造过程等。这些议题从不同角度反映了当代变质地质学研究领域的发展趋势,对推动我国在这一领域的研究具有一定意义。 相似文献
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AbstractThe Roc de Frausa Massif, located at the Eastern Pyrenees, is formed by a stratoid Pre-Hercynian deformed granite (orthogneiss) interbedded with metasedimentary series. Hercynian granitoids (St. Llorenç — La Jonquera pluton) surround the southern and eastern part of the massif and Hercynian basic igneous rocks (Ceret stock) occupy the central part of it. The Pre-Hercynian granite and the sedimentary series were involved, during the Hercynian orogeny, in complex polyphasic tectonics and metamorphism. As a result, an ubiquitous penetrative foliation was developed during the earlier stages. This foliation was subsequently folded into a complex antiformal structural formed by a double dome : Roc de Frausa dome and Mas Blanc dome. Main lithological boundaries (gneiss — metasediments and metasediments — granitoids) are broadly parallel to the regional foliation, and they all display the dome geometry. Interference fold pattern between two late phases, an ealier one with NE-SW trending folds and a younger one with NW-SE trending folds is responsible for the dome geometry. Mylonitic deformation, with W-E to NW-SE orientations has been attributed to the last folding phase. Regional metamorphic climax and contact metamorphism, the last one resulting from Hercynian granitoid emplacement, preceeded the above mentioned late folding event, which developed under retrograde metamorphic conditions. Regional peak metamorphism is recognized by the static crystallization of cordierite + potassium feldspar. This paragenesis indicates pressure — temperature conditions of about 3.1 Kbar and 660 °C maximum. Contact metamorphism overprints the earlier regional metamorphism. Parageneses and thermal gradient of contact metamorphism around La Jonquera pluton are very similar to those related to regional metamorphism, whereas parageneses produced around Ceret stock present garnet + potassium feldspar. Geothermometry indicates metamorphic conditions locally higher for this paragenesis (around 700 °C). 相似文献
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阿尔泰海西造山带区域变质作用类型与地壳演化 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
新疆阿尔泰海西造山带主要发育两期区域变质作用.第一期变质作用属于区域低温动力变质作用类型,以形成低绿片岩相矿物组合为特征,变质温度较低,而应力作用较强,是造山作用初期热流活动较弱,构造变形强烈环境下的产物.第二期变质作用属于区域动力热流变质作用类型,以形成典型的递增变质带为特征.这一期代表造山作用主期热流活动强烈,伴随有构造变形和岩浆活动.不同的变质作用类型代表了不同的大地构造环境,记录了造山带的演化历史和动力学过程. 相似文献
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Variscan very low-grade metamorphism in southwest England: a diastathermal and thrust-related origin 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Abstract Regional metamorphism in the external Variscides of southwest England varied from diagenetic level to greenschist facies. There is a fundamental difference in the metamorphic character between the northern and southern regions of the area. In the north, M1 metamorphism is of a sedimentary burial character associated with high heat flow, whilst to the south it is related to tectonic burial during thrust thickening processes, with lower geothermal gradients. This pattern appears to be related to the character of basin development and its subsequent tectonic evolution. The northern region has features that accord with a diastathermal (extensional) origin for the very low-grade metamorphism whilst in the southern region the very low-grade metamorphism is linked to thrusting as a consequence of Variscan compression. The Tintagel High-Strain Zone presents an anomaly in this regional pattern where an M2 metamorphic phase is attributed to localized D2 thrust stacking along the southern margin of the Culm Basin.
There is no extensive overprint of the regional metamorphic pattern by the contact aureoles surrounding the granite plutons of the region. However, there is a noticeable coincidence between the areas of regional epizone grade and the extent of the geophysically defined subsurface limit of the granite batholith (excluding the North Devon area). This link is attributed largely to the late-stage structural up-doming of the higher grade areas over the roof of the batholith. 相似文献
There is no extensive overprint of the regional metamorphic pattern by the contact aureoles surrounding the granite plutons of the region. However, there is a noticeable coincidence between the areas of regional epizone grade and the extent of the geophysically defined subsurface limit of the granite batholith (excluding the North Devon area). This link is attributed largely to the late-stage structural up-doming of the higher grade areas over the roof of the batholith. 相似文献
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The western Blue Ridge allochthon of the southern Appalachians is dominated by the >180 km-long Murphy synclinorium, paired with anticlinoria to the northwest. These are first generation, northwest overturned, doubly plunging, large amplitude and wavelength (>10 km) isoclinal folds contemporaneous with peak Neo-Acadian orogeny (Visian, ∼335–345 Ma) regional metamorphism. The synclinorium folds a regional unconformity separating Neoproterozoic rift and lower Paleozoic drift sequences from a younger successor-basin sequence. Strain analysis of metaconglomerates from lithologic groups above and below the unconformity indicates coaxial, low to moderate, oblate to nearly plane strain in both groups. The synclinorium evolved via NNW-SSE-crustal shortening (∼32%), combined with orthogonal NNE-SSW-sub-horizontal flow (stretching) (∼35–45%) sub-parallel to the developing fold axes. Differences in metamorphic grade and paleodepth (∼10–17 km) of the exposed synclinorium had essentially no effect on strain magnitudes. Retrodeformation of the embedded regional unconformity reveals a very broad synclinal warping of the rift and drift-facies units predating superposition of the Murphy synclinorium, suggesting tectonic inheritance in the latter structure's origin. The earlier mild deformation is post-Early Cambrian and may represent the only vestige of the dynamic effects of the Middle Ordovician Taconic orogeny to be found in this region. 相似文献
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吉林省白山市二岔铁矿位于中朝准地台、辽东台隆、铁岭—靖宇台拱、龙岗断块中南部边缘,太古宙早期区域内发生幅度较大的拗陷,接受广泛巨厚的一套粘土质、砂质碎屑岩类沉积,其间夹有硅铁质沉积并伴有火山(基性)岩浆喷溢活动,太古宙末期强烈造山运动使这些沉积岩层发生强烈挤压,形成褶皱构造及区域性断裂。伴随强烈造山运动致使太古宙地体发生中、深度区域变质作用与混合岩化作用。区域变质作用和混合岩化作用,对本区火山沉积变质铁矿的形成具有重要意义。二岔铁矿已探明基础储量(122b)30.26万吨、资源量(333)11.44万吨 相似文献
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大巴山北缘下寒武统鲁家坪组具有较好的页岩气发育物质基础,钻探显示了一定的页岩气资源潜力,但页岩含气性非均质性较强。针对鲁家坪组页岩气差异富集问题,以地质调查、钻探、实验测试等资料为基础,深入分析了鲁家坪组变质作用特征及其对页岩储集空间结构的影响。研究揭示,大巴山北缘在强烈的构造活动作用下,普遍发生了区域动力变质作用和区域动力热流变质作用。区域上差异构造作用决定了鲁家坪组页岩变质程度的差异性,部分地区只发生了极低级的动力变质作用;在受到岩浆侵入作用影响的范围(距侵入带约0. 3~1. 5km),主要表现为区域动力热流变质作用,并伴有不同程度的混合岩化,变质程度相对较高。大巴山北缘鲁家坪组储集物性表现为低孔低渗的特征,区域动力热流变质作用导致鲁家坪组物性明显变差,孔隙结构更加细小致密;动力变质并没有对鲁家坪组储集性能造成明显影响,但在动力变质程度较高的区域,往往构造挤压变形强烈、断裂发育、地层破碎,页岩气保存条件破坏严重。因此,针对大巴山北缘鲁家坪组页岩气勘探,需寻找局部动力变质程度较低的构造稳定区。 相似文献
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苏北榴辉岩经历5期以上变质变形作用,其中至少有两期以上为高压变质变形作用,p—t轨迹呈顺时针方向旋转。榴辉岩形成后,随着地体的反弹、推覆,于印支期末迅速回返到中地壳,再经燕山期—喜山期区域隆升和拉伸折返,最终剥露于现代侵蚀面。苏胶造山带至少经历了晋宁期、印支期和燕山期3次以上的造陆或造山运动 相似文献
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本文对中国早前寒武纪太古期、早元古期、中晚元古期的变质作用的分布、岩石类型、变质相特点、变质相划分及同位素年龄数据等进行了论述。将中国前寒武纪地壳划分为华北、西北、华南、西南四个变质区、各变质区有自己的不同特点和演化历史。前寒武纪地壳演化是陆壳增长的历史,区域高温和中温变质作用是太古代原始地壳特有的变质作用。 相似文献