共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Christian Meister André Piuz Lionel Cavin Larbi Boudad Flavio Bacchia El M. Ettachfini M. Benyoucef 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(1):1
On the basis of nine lithostratigraphical profiles, 23 cephalopods taxa (nautilus and ammonites) are described from the Preafrican Trough and the Kem Kem region. Among them, a new species is proposed: Spathites (Jeanrogericeras) asflaensis nov. sp. This fauna is placed in its biostratigraphical framework and correlated with the standard zonation of the late Cenomanian–early Turonian. Moreover, stratigraphic correlations are proposed for the whole Maghreb from the Tarfaya Basin in the west to central Tunisia in the east. Selected taxa reveal the paleogeographical context of the western Tethys; a complex distribution of emerged areas and epicontinental seas impacted by an important marine trangression that constantly modified the costaline. 相似文献
2.
Fossil snakes are relatively well represented in the Upper Cretaceous of northern Africa, with material known from Morocco, Sudan, Egypt, Libya, Algeria, and Niger. The Moroccan Kem Kem beds have yielded a particularly diverse snake assemblage, with Simoliophiidae, Madtsoiidae, ?Nigerophiidae and several unnamed taxa co-occurring. These fossils are important for our understanding of the early evolutionary history of snakes, and may shed light on the ecology and initial diversification of basal snakes. We describe a new taxon, Norisophis begaa gen. et sp. nov., from the Kem Kem beds of Begaa, in southeast Morocco. It is characterised by a marked interzygapophyseal constriction, parazygantral foramina, an incipient prezygapophyseal process, and an anterio-posteriorly short centrum. Several characteristics shared with Najash, Seismophis, Madtsoiidae, and Coniophis suggest that Norisophis is a stem ophidian. N. begaa further increases the diversity and disparity of snakes within the Kem Kem beds, supporting the hypothesis that Africa was a mid-Cretaceous hotspot for snake diversity. 相似文献
3.
A new ichthyofauna from southeastern Morocco, comprising five forms, is briefly discussed. The faunal composition differs from the Early Cenomanian Kem Kem and Early Turonian Goulmima assemblages, but is close to that from Jebel Tselfat. We propose a Late Cenomanian age for the new fauna and that from Jebel Tselfat. The evolution of these fish assemblages shows the Moroccan fish faunas to have been related to those from South America until at least the Early Turonian. Central Tethyan influence on faunas seems to have been restricted to a short period of time during the beginning of the Late Cenomanian transgressive phase. 相似文献
4.
The informally called ‘Continental intercalaire’ is a series of continental and brackish deposits that outcrops in several regions of North Africa. The age of the series is not well-constrained, but its upper part, visible in the ‘Kem Kem beds’ in Morocco and in Bahariya in Egypt, is regarded as early Cenomanian in age. Spinosaurid remains are an important component of this series, but records of this dinosaur are surprisingly rare in Algerian localities of the ‘Continental intercalaire’. Here, we describe a vertebrate assemblage from two localities, Kénadsa and Menaguir, situated in the Guir basin, Western Algeria. The assemblage comprises hybodont sharks, sarcopterygian fishes, ray-finned fishes, turtles, crocodiles and dinosaurs. Among the latter, only teeth of theropods have been recovered and 94% belong to Spinosaurus. The assemblage is taxonomically very similar to the Moroccan and Egyptian assemblages mentioned above. This study: 1) suggests a likely early Cenomanian age for the Guir basin deposits containing the assemblage; 2) provides a new evidence of the homogeneity of the early Cenomanian vertebrate fauna throughout North Africa; and 3) confirms the overabundance of theropod dinosaurs, especially spinosaurs, in the assemblage showing a possible shortcut in the vertebrate food chain. The northern most locality, Menaguir, shows sedimentological and ichnological evidence of marine influences indicating that the palaeoenvironment shows spatial heterogeneities. 相似文献
5.
A jaw bone attributed to the mid-Cretaceous azhdarchid pterosaur Alanqa saharica Ibrahim et al., 2010 is described. The new specimen from the Kem Kem beds of south eastern Morocco is unusual for the presence of expanded rostral bones that protrude above the occlusal surface of the jaws. The function of this unusual osteological modification is uncertain, but it is considered likely that it served a role in food processing, or perhaps jaw stability. 相似文献
6.
Determining the relationships of mid-Late Cretaceous African taxa is central to understanding the timing and resultant palaeobiogeographical patterns of Gondwanan fragmentation. The early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Kem Kem beds of southeastern Morocco preserve a diverse vertebrate fauna, including sauropod dinosaurs. Sauropod material includes the holotype of the rebbachisaurid diplodocoid Rebbachisaurus garasbae and fragmentary remains representing indeterminate titanosauriforms and rebbachisaurids. Here, we describe two new specimens from the Kem Kem beds. A dorsal neural arch with complex internal pneumaticity is tentatively attributed to a somphospondylan titanosauriform. A caudal vertebra possessing several rebbachisaurid synapomorphies is excavated by a large and pervasive lateral pneumatic foramen, a feature undocumented in other rebbachisaurids. However, caudal vertebrae are currently unknown for the sympatric R. garasbae, so this element could be referable to that taxon or a second, previously unknown, rebbachisaurid species. Interestingly, this new caudal vertebra displays a mosaic of features otherwise restricted to limaysaurine or nigersaurine rebbachisaurids, suggesting a placement basal to these clades, which is the position usually recovered for R. garasbae in phylogenetic analyses. A review of the mid-Cretaceous African sauropod fossil record removes the Cretaceous record of dicraeosaurids from Africa, restricting this clade to a single post-Jurassic occurrence in Argentina. All diagnostic sauropod remains can be attributed to titanosauriforms or rebbachisaurids. Whereas rebbachisaurids were seemingly restricted to northwestern Africa and disappeared post-Cenomanian, titanosauriforms were widespread across the African continent and survived until the latest Cretaceous. The development of the mid-Cretaceous Trans-Saharan Seaway might have acted as a dispersal barrier for rebbachisaurids and other vertebrate groups. In contrast, titanosauriforms might have been able to cross this barrier, but it is possible that they were also unable to disperse, and that northwestern African titanosauriforms were not closely related to taxa from the rest of the African continent. New materials and a better understanding of titanosaur interrelationships will be crucial in teasing these scenarios apart. 相似文献
7.
《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2023,134(3):269-275
An isolated jaw fragment from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Cambridge Greensand Member of the West Melbury Marly Chalk Formation previously identified as a cestraciontid shark fin spine is referred to the pterosaur clade Azhdarchoidea on account of its lateral and occlusal foramina and edentuly. The specimen differs from the azhdarchoid Ornithostoma sedgwicki from the same deposit in having flat lateral surfaces and an acute dorsal/ventral apex. The specimen is similar in overall morphology to CAMSM B40085 from the same horizon and probably represents the corresponding jaw but from a different individual. Likely these specimens represent a new taxon but are considered too fragmentary to diagnose at present. A remarkably similar and distinctive morphology is found in unnamed pterosaur jaws from the Kem Kem Group (?Albian-Cenomanian) of Morocco, supporting the idea of faunal similarity between these two distant localities. 相似文献
8.
The recently found Gara Sbaa florule of southeastern Morocco comes from distinctive carbonate lamellites with abundant fish fauna above the terrestrial/paralic Kem Kem sequence and correlated with the basal horizon of the open shelf carbonate Akrabou Formation. It is a “mixed” assemblage of ferns and gymnosperms of “Wealden aspect” associated with relatively advanced angiosperms, suggesting floristic exchanges between the insular land masses of northern Africa and southern Europe. The climatic conditions are inferred to have been similar to the mildly dry subtropical climate of the western Canary Islands. New taxa of aquatic angiosperms Garasbahia fexuosa Krassilov et Bacchia gen. et sp nov. and a leaf mine Troponoma constricta Krassilov, sp. nov. are described. 相似文献
9.
列举并尝试对比了非洲早白垩世脊椎动物化石的主要产地。晚侏罗世(坦桑尼亚的敦达古鲁基默里奇期提塘期)至白垩纪最早期(南非的阿尔戈阿盆地凡兰吟期)的组合中含有剑龙、腕龙和梁龙,到前阿普特期(欧特里沃期巴列姆期?)被另一组合所取代。这一更年轻的组合中含有重爪龙亚科棘龙类、大头鳄类鳄鱼Sarcosuchus以及大型禽龙,它们主要来自尼日尔(ElRhaz组和喀麦隆(Koum组),部分来自利比亚(Cabao组)和突尼斯(Douiret组),后两组中还含有鲨鱼Priohybodus ar ambourgi。阿普特期(?)至早阿尔必期组合中仍含有禽龙,但是棘龙科棘龙类取代了重爪龙亚科。早塞诺曼期组合(Bahariya,Kem Kem)以恐龙Spinosaurus、Carcharodonto saurus,鲨鱼(Onchopris tisnumidus)和鳄鱼(利比亚鳄类、无棘腔鳄类)为特征。由此可知,中非的一些原先被认为是早白垩世的地层(坦桑尼亚的Galula组、马拉维的含恐龙层)为晚白垩世。脊椎动物化石在非洲陆相地层的对比中具有重要作用。 相似文献
10.
In this study, we erect Sauroniops pachytholus gen. et sp. nov., a large-bodied theropod dinosaur from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Morocco, on the basis of an almost complete frontal showing a unique combination of features including a naso–frontal suture extended along 40% of the frontal length, a thick dome in the anterolateral corner of the dorsal surface, a trapezoidal prefrontal facet that is restricted to the anterodorsal margin of the lateral surface of the frontal with no participation in the orbital roof and separated from the lacrimal facet by a narrow vertical lamina, a hypertrophied ‘D-shaped’ lacrimal facet that is four times the anterior depth of the postorbital facet, and a raised posteromedial margin of the dorsal surface describing a saddle with the anterolateral dome and confluent with a series of anteromedial rugosities. Phylogenetic analysis found robust support for placing Sauroniops among the basal carcharodontosaurids and related to Eocarcharia, showed that some of the unusual features of the new theropod were convergently acquired by abelisaurids, and revealed a mosaic pattern in the evolution of the carcharodontosaurid skull table. The frontals of Sauroniops and Carcharodontosaurus, both from the ‘Kem Kem compound assemblage’ of Morocco, show comparable size but differ in the extent of the naso–frontal articulation, the shape and disposition of the prefrontal and lacrimal articulations, the development of dorsal ornamentation and the morphology of the supratemporal fossa. Among carcharodontosaurids, the skull table developed unique configurations among each lineage and appears diagnostic at the species-level. The dome-like frontal in Sauroniops may indicate head-butting behaviour in this taxon or evolved for visual display. 相似文献
11.
海南省海洋地质调查主要进展与成果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在中央和地方的共同推动下,海南省海洋地质调查工作取得了长足的进步。为进一步提升海南省海洋地质工作效果,对近年来实施的海洋地质调查工作的主要进展进行了综述,其成果可分为4个方面,即海洋区域地质调查、海岸带与海湾地质环境综合调查与评价、海砂资源调查与评价和岛礁综合地质调查。其中: 1∶100万的海洋区域地质调查已实现了全覆盖,1∶25万的已开展3个图幅工作; 海岸带与海湾地质环境综合调查与评价工作已全面开展,基本查明了本岛沿岸20 m水深以浅的地质概况,重点岸段调查比例尺可达1∶5万,较系统地梳理了海岸带的地质资源与环境现状; 海砂资源调查与评价主要针对锆、钛砂矿和建筑用海砂开展,初步查明了海南岛周边陆架区沉积物类型和海砂潜力分布区,对成矿条件较好的海域开展了详细勘查,圈定了多个海砂开发矿产地; 岛礁综合地质调查工作主要查明了其基础地质条件和开发利用现状,对海岛的进一步开发和管理提出了建议,同时系统地开展了西沙群岛的海陆统筹地质调查工作,掌握了大比例尺的基础地质数据,并研究了其形成和演化过程,为三沙的海岛建设提供了依据。通过地质调查,获得了海南省基础海洋地质数据,查明了海洋资源和环境概况,为海南省的海洋经济发展提供了可靠的地质支撑。 相似文献
12.
乌拉嘎、平顶山、老柞山金矿是佳木斯地块三个重要的金矿。研究表明，石英是金矿中重要的脉石矿物，也是金的主要载体。ＳｉＯ２含量低于９８％，而∑（Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋Ｋ２Ｏ＋Ｎａ２Ｏ）含量高于１．３％的石英为含金石英；含金或富含金石英的热释发光谱以双峰或多峰为其主要特征。因此，上述石英的标型特征可作为金矿床重要的找矿标志，对佳木斯地块的矿点评价和扩大找矿远景有着重要的意义 相似文献
13.
14.
U37K与海水表层温度 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Ｕ37Ｋ是指少数藻类生物所特有的一种分子化合物（长链不饱和酮）的不饱和指数。在现代海洋沉积物中，Ｕ37Ｋ与浮游有孔虫的18Ｏ值具有很好的相关性。在实验室培养的藻类生物体中、海洋悬浮颗粒物及海洋沉积柱样的表层样中均检测出长链不饱和酮，其Ｕ37Ｋ与生物生长环境的海水表层温度具有很好的线性关系。因此，在古气候研究中，Ｕ37Ｋ可作为一种有效的古温度指标，且在古气候研究中已得到应用。主要介绍了Ｕ37Ｋ作为海水表层温度指标的原理、定量公式及其研究现状和存在的问题。 相似文献
15.
下古生界海相碳酸盐岩干酪根成熟度研究方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中国下古生界海相碳酸盐岩干酪根成熟度研究是目前在油气勘探过程中讨论的热点和难点问题之一 ,如何认识下古生界烃源岩中有机质热演化始终是一个悬而未决的问题。通过对以往常规成熟度指标的探讨 ,以及深入研究下古生界海相碳酸盐岩干酪根的特殊性 ,笔者提出了 3种最新方法 :(1)利用干酪根固体13 CNMR所测算的干酪根结构参数芳核平均结构尺寸Xb 较准确地反映碳酸盐岩的热成熟度 ;(2 )双金刚烷指标XMD作为高—过成熟碳酸盐烃源岩成熟度衡量标尺 ;(3)海相镜质组反射率能很好地反映缺乏陆源镜质体的下古生界碳酸盐岩的成熟度。利用这些成果对华北地区下古生界成熟度进行了测定 ,与地质背景甚为吻合 ,效果很好。证明它们确是评价下古生界海相碳酸盐岩干酪根成熟度行之有效的新方法。 相似文献
16.
17.
新疆莎车盆地古新世断续海侵环境下发育阿尔塔什组巨厚的石膏岩，古新世早期盐湖沉积范围位于西昆仑及南天山山前，伴随着后期海侵范围的进一步扩大，盐湖沉积范围覆盖整个莎车盆地。论文通过对西昆仑及南天山山前5口石油钻井剖面中阿尔塔什组含盐系地层开展钻孔岩屑地球化学分析，认为古新世早期盐湖中钾、钠、钙、镁、硫酸根变化趋势基本符合盐湖蒸发浓缩趋势。盐湖受海水断续注入的影响，古新世早期至少经历了2次浓缩期和1次浓缩趋势，及至少3期卤水淡化，暗示阿尔塔什组发育早期盐湖至少经历了3次不同时期的海侵过程。西昆仑及南天山山前2个含盐系剖面露头中石膏硫同位素确定古新世早期莎车盆地经历了从海相至海陆交互相蒸发岩沉积环境的转变。其中西昆仑山前中段的阿尔塔什地区为海相蒸发岩沉积环境，该时期盐湖经历了3次海侵，与钻井岩屑地球化学分析结果相一致；莎车盆地西北部的大山口地区，经历了海陆交互相 海相 海陆交互相 海相的沉积环境转变，该区海陆交互相含盐系地层发育可能受南天山山前较高古地势控制或山区淡水补给盐湖的影响，而西昆仑山前中段的海相蒸发岩环境，反映出莎车前陆盆地阿尔塔什地区古地势低于大山口地区，造成沉积环境差异。 相似文献
18.
MARIT-SOLVEIG SEIDENKRANTZ 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1993,22(4):283-290
The Quaternary sequence of a boring from the island of Anholt, Denmark, comprises both marine and non-marine sediments spanning a time interval from the Holocene to at least as far back as the Saalian. The oldest Quaternary sediments consist of a till and a glaciofluvial sand sequence. These are overlain by marine silty clays of Saalian to Eemian age. An interstadial (Flakket Interstadial) and a stadial (Kattegat Stadial) are identified in the late Saalian. This climatic fluctuation has been compared to the Allerød and Younger Dryas events at the Weichselian–Holocene transition. The Eemian sediments are followed by sand and non-marine, varved clay overlain by 2 m of marine clay, which is correlated with the Middle Weichselian of the Skærumhede series. The marine clay is covered by silty clay and a thick sand sequence of non-marine origin. The uppermost 2 m sediments may represent the Holocene coastal accretion on Anholt. 相似文献
19.
西藏南部是中国海相白垩系分布最好的地区,基于岗巴宗山和江孜床得两条经典剖面,识别出分别对应于不同海洋环境的黑灰红三套岩层,利用微体古生物指标,对藏南晚白垩世海水氧含量变化进行了探讨。研究发现微体生物在不同性质的岩层中具有不同的表现,对其生存环境具有清楚的指示。黑层段中生物大量灭绝,深层水具旋脊有孔虫遭受的危机代表当时海洋深层水体严重缺氧的结果;灰层段中生物的恢复反映出海洋环境自缺氧事件之后逐步改善的过程;红层段属于富氧沉积的产物,特征是有孔虫生物的极度繁盛。同时期的钙质超微生物因其个体微小,易溶蚀,在死亡沉积过程中可能受海水强氧化作用的影响,使其保存为化石的数量减少。三套岩层中的微体生物的演变是对环境变化的响应。 相似文献
20.
海南岛西北岸神尖灯塔附近的海蚀崖 ,出露了一套厚逾 40m、富含海相生物化石的更新世地层 ,为除台湾省外的我国沿海和岛屿所仅见。该剖面的古地磁测量结果显示出布容正极性时和松山反向极性时及其中的加拉米洛和奥杜威事件 ,其时代跨越了约 2 5 0～0 2 6MaB .P .的早、中更新世。这一结论得到了电子自旋共振测年结果和浮游有孔虫组合的验证。而14 C年龄测定结果 ( 2 80 0 0～ 2 30 0 0aB .P .间 )则因贝壳和碳酸盐样品经过淡水交换和重结晶作用而偏新。沉积学研究表明 ,这套地层由 8个水下和水上的沉积旋回所组成 ,反映了该地区在早、中更新世时期至少发生了 8次海平面的升降变化。 相似文献