共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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长期的热液铀矿研究发现铀的富集成矿和钾交代(长石化和绢英岩化)有紧密的时空成因联系。但钾来源于何处?至今不明。为了探索地壳中钾的深部来源,对地幔岩捕虏体进行了广泛检查,发现在浙江衢州西垄乌石山新生代玄武岩中,橄榄岩捕虏体斜方辉石不一致熔融产生的浆胞除了含有富钾熔体玻璃(K2O 13%~15%)外,还有透长石质熔体冷却淬火后形成的玻璃捕虏体。该捕虏体外貌像灰岩,极为细密,白色到浅灰,镜下透长石全为玻璃质,约2/3;透辉石(微晶,直径20μm),约占1/4。玻璃捕虏体K2O质量分数为7.10%,Na2O为2.89%。寄主玄武岩中的K2O为1.37%~2.50%,Na2O为2.43%~5.05%。此玻璃捕虏体和寄主玄武岩极不平衡,严重混染被消化。在很多捕虏体碎块中尚可取出保存较多的样品。其内部核心保存为原状,外圈灰色为混染带,内部的143 Nd/144 Nd=0.512 051,87Sr/86 Sr=0.710 300。此玻璃捕虏体的年龄为23.80Ma(K-Ar法),表明存在过剩氩40 Ar(来自40 K的衰变)。 相似文献
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近年来地幔捕虏体中富硅熔体的研究受到广泛关注,富硅熔体不仅具有多种产出状态,其成因来源也具有多样性。本文选取汉诺坝地区地幔捕虏体矿物中的熔体包裹体和斜方辉石反应边中的熔体玻璃为研究对象,探索富硅熔体在岩石圈地幔演化中的作用。通过详细的岩相学观察并结合电子探针分析发现,二者成因不同。熔体包裹体玻璃成分富硅(SiO2 61%~65%),相对贫Na2O(1%~3%)、K2O(<1%),富含挥发份(约3%~6%),为地幔交代成因;斜方辉石反应边玻璃富硅(SiO2 64%~67%)、碱(Na2O 5%~7%,K2O 6%~9%),几乎不含挥发份,是地幔捕虏体被寄主玄武岩浆快速携带上升至地表的过程中两者反应的产物。地幔交代作用产生的富硅熔体包裹体深刻影响了岩石圈地幔的地球化学性质;而玄武岩浆在上升过程中与岩石圈地幔捕虏体中斜方辉石的反应,导致了岩石圈地幔由富硅向贫硅转变,为华北克拉通的破坏提供了证据。 相似文献
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山东昌乐位于华北克拉通东部,郯庐断裂带中段,广泛出露挟裹幔源捕虏体的新生代碱性玄武岩.为深入了解华北克拉通演化,依据岩相学特征、矿物化学成分特征,把昌乐碱性玄武岩中单斜辉石主要分为三大类:第1类为幔源捕虏体中原生单斜辉石,其主、微量元素含量呈现趋势不一致的解耦现象,且LREE、HREE各异特征表明其经历了多期、不同程度的地幔富集交代和部分熔融作用（低于10%的尖晶石相部分熔融）,交代熔体包括地幔富碱（K）富Al硅酸盐熔/流体,可能有碳酸盐熔体的贡献;第2类为幔源捕虏体中筛状单斜辉石,是部分熔融和熔体交代作用的共同产物,从无筛孔部位到筛孔周围远离筛孔部位和紧挨着筛孔部位,呈现出受熔体作用逐渐加强趋势,离筛孔较远部位记录了玄武质熔浆作用之前的一次富碱（K）富Al熔体交代的特征,而紧挨着筛孔的部位受晚期玄武质熔浆作用的影响最强;第3类为幔源捕虏体中反应边单斜辉石及玄武岩中斑晶单斜辉石,两者的化学成分及形成条件相似,显示HFSE正异常,LILE负异常,受OIB特征寄主玄武岩浆强烈的影响.昌乐新生代碱性玄武岩地幔捕虏体中单斜辉石显示经历多期"熔体作用"和不同程度的部分熔融特征,是研究区岩石圈地幔不均一性的体现. 相似文献
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北大巴山早古生代地幔交代作用与煌斑岩浆的起源和演化 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
产于陕西岚皋境内、赋存于碱质煌斑杂岩中的金云角 闪 辉石岩捕虏体是交 代地幔捕虏体。微量元素和SrNd同位素的对比研究表明,金云角闪辉石岩型交代地幔是寄 主煌斑岩的源区。金云角闪辉石岩捕虏体富含高Na、Ti的角闪石是本区寄主煌斑岩富Ti, 具 低K/Na值的根本原因。煌斑杂岩的同位素地球化学研究表明,早古生代地幔交代作用相对 于煌斑岩的侵位是一个相对近的时间间隔,大约发生于距今600～700 Ma。寄主煌斑岩 的 原生岩浆是金云角闪辉石岩型地幔经较大程度部分熔融而形成,原生岩浆为相似于橄榄金伯 利岩和橄辉玢岩的碱质超基性煌斑岩浆,其经初步分离结晶后形成两个不同的母岩浆,分别 相当于橄榄金伯利岩浆和橄辉玢岩岩浆,两个母岩浆各自具有不同的分离结晶系列,形成不 同的岩石类型。 相似文献
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地幔流体与玄武岩及碱性岩岩浆成因 总被引：23，自引：4，他引：19
玄武岩、碱性岩成因问题的研究应分成后期地表的岩石成因研究和前期深部的岩浆成因研究两个大阶段,二者既有联系,又有区别。通过岩石成因来反演岩浆成因是一个使用最多的重要方法,前人不乏深入研究。作为补充,笔者试图再增加一条研究思路,从地幔岩捕虏体的详细研究中去直接发掘地幔岩浆作用的信息记录。结果表明,对地幔岩中浆胞的详细研究可以揭示玄武岩浆碱性岩浆的成因,排浆时差的大小对玄武岩种类有重要的制约作用,热可能不是地幔岩浆作用的重要因素,地幔流体（ＨＡＣＯＮＳ）的不均匀渗入才是更重要的致熔原因。 相似文献
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汉诺坝玄武岩中熔体-捕虏体相互作用初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
汉诺坝新生代玄武岩捕获的地幔橄榄岩及其解体矿物橄榄石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石捕虏晶,普遍发育反应边结构,提供了玄武岩浆在上升穿越岩石圈地幔过程中橄榄岩-熔体相互作用的重要信息。橄榄石和单斜辉石捕虏晶反应边的成分变化一致,由核部富镁向边部富铁变化,趋同于玄武岩中相应斑晶的成分。斜方辉石捕虏晶反应边一般由橄榄石+单斜辉石+玻璃构成,多为双层结构,反应边矿物橄榄石、单斜辉石较相应的地幔矿物富铁,其富硅、碱的中酸性玻璃成分,为中国东部地幔矿物包裹体中存在的富硅、碱熔体的来源提供了重要信息。同时发现橄榄岩捕虏体中尖晶石颜色、成分的变化与温度的关系。地幔矿物捕虏晶反应边结构(非平衡结构)得以保存,暗示了玄武岩浆的快速上升。而大规模的熔体-捕虏体相互作用,改变着岩石圈地幔的性质。 相似文献
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内蒙古四子王旗东八号中新世含深源捕虏体富钾橄榄玄武岩的发现及其意义 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
内蒙古四子王旗东八号地区最近发现含有深源捕虏体的富钾橄榄玄武岩。玄武岩为灰黑色致密块状,以富碱(K2O+Na2O5．91％～6．47％)、高钾(K2O2．82％～3．12％)和较高的钛(TiO2 2．22％—2．36％)为特征,属钾玄岩系列,全岩K—Ar年龄为21．9±1．7Ma。捕虏体主要为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩、二辉橄榄岩等。根据矿物平衡温压计算表明：捕虏体形成温度为1100—1250℃,压力为1．7—2．0GPa,应源自于岩石圈地幔。四子王旗橄榄玄武岩较高的TiO2和K2O,暗示其岩浆可能源于幔柱作用。推测华北板块北缘自中生代开始可能受到来自深部的幔柱作用,大量上升的岩浆因受到阻挡而保留在岩石圈底部,底侵作用和部分继续上升的岩浆,将岩石圈地幔的捕虏体携出地表。 相似文献
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Depleted lithosphere from the mantle wedge beneath Tres Lagos, southern Patagonia, Argentina 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Anhydrous spinel lherzolite and harzburgite xenoliths from Tres Lagos, situated inboard of the Volcanic Arc Gap (VAG) in southernmost Patagonia, are samples of a depleted lithospheric mantle and can be divided into two major groups: metasomatized and non-metasomatized. Metasomatized samples, which are the minority, are partly mylonitized and their metasomatism is related to this tectonic process. A group of non-metasomatized samples have enriched whole rock LREE-abundances that are not consistent with the depleted LREE-abundances in their clinopyroxenes. Intergranular host basalt infiltration could be responsible for the whole rock LREE enrichments. Their Sr- and Nd-isotopic ratios have also been affected by host basalt infiltration, whereas their high Sr-isotopic ratios point to subsequent contamination by ground-water and/or Ca-rich surface solutions. Similar contamination is thought to cause the decoupling of Sr- and Nd-isotopes (high Sr- and Nd-isotopic ratios) observed in the non-metasomatized samples with depleted whole rock LREE. A two-stage partial melting process could be responsible for the origin of the Tres Lagos xenoliths. Model calculations have shown that in the first stage, 2% of batch melting took place in the garnet peridotite field and subsequently the residue experienced 2–8% batch melting in the spinel peridotite field. The Tres Lagos peridotites have not been affected by subduction-related metasomatic processes and they could represent an old lithospheric mantle. 相似文献
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吉林蛟河地幔岩碎块是被碱性橄榄玄武岩岩浆喷发携带至地壳浅部或地表的。碱性橄榄玄武岩中地幔岩碎块含量40%~55%,局部达60%以上;碎块大小不等,一般直径以5~10 cm居多,大者达20~35 cm,故定名为地幔岩集块熔岩(岩流)。地幔岩碎块以尖晶石二辉橄榄岩和尖晶石斜辉橄榄岩碎块为主,纯橄榄岩次之,未发现石榴石橄榄岩;胶结物为碱性橄榄玄武岩岩浆。本次研究发现地幔岩内存在丰富的、不同成分和形态的熔融微区。熔融微区类型以其形状可分为滴状、扇状、球状、不规则状、短脉状和环边状,以其特征新生矿物分为OL型、K型、Na+Chl型、PL型、OL+SP型、C+SP型和SP+Chl+Ser型。熔融微区结构为玻基间隐结构或放射状结构;矿物呈骸晶状、中空为玻璃质;残余玻璃脱玻化,产生少量针状和不透明黑色雏晶。熔融微区的形状、结构、物质组成及矿物结晶等特征具有标型性,表征这些熔融体是在上地幔深度保存的幔源岩熔融交代的产物,幔源结晶岩是固相残留。该幔源岩经历强火山喷发使其发生爆炸的地质事件,导致K、Na、Al、Ca易熔组分和H2O、CO2等挥发分开始熔融和气体释放,营造快速固化结晶和淬火的环境。这些少量的熔融物择优占据矿物间隙、裂隙、位错或晶体缺陷处汇聚并熔融交代相邻矿物,不断扩展空间,遂形成滴状等特征形状的“微区”。由于熔融程度不同,产生的熔融物的化学成分和结晶程度也有差异,所代表的初始岩浆性质也不一样,可以是超基性或碱性橄榄玄武质,抑或碧玄岩质岩浆。从检测出的这些信息证实,蛟河地幔岩是被不一致熔融抽取后的地幔残留,即岩石圈地幔。 相似文献
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广西平南玄武岩的地球化学特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
平南碱性玄武岩产于 NE向的区域性断裂中 ,岩石类型有两类 ,一为碧玄岩 ,全岩 K- Ar年龄为 50 .8Ma,含各类包体 ,有以下特征 :1)含地幔岩包体 ,2 ) [Mg]=0 .78,3)在 Fe O/mol- Mgo/mol图解上液相线橄榄石的成分位于 Fo90～ Fo94之间 ,与橄榄岩包体中的橄榄石成分完全一致。4 ) Ni=0 .0 4 ( % ) <0 .0 5( % ) ,5)其熔浆密度为 2 .62 g/cm3,粘度为 2 .52 Pa· s,携带 4 cm直径包体上升的速度为 37.7cm/s,上升的速度较快 ,具原生碧玄岩浆的特点 ,岩浆液相线的温度为12 86℃ ,起源压力为 1.8GPa,玄武岩富集轻稀土可能与地幔性质有关。一为粗面玄武岩 ,不含包体 ,全岩 K- Ar年龄为 4 9.9Ma,岩浆液相线的温度为 1162℃ ,是进化岩浆。玄武岩的 Nd、Sr同位素显示为亏损地幔源区。它们都是大陆拉张环境下的产物 ,与中国东部新生代玄武岩的形成背景一致。 相似文献
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Upper mantle xenoliths from Wikieup, AZ, provide abundant evidence for magmatic modification of the uppermost mantle beneath
the Transition Zone between the Colorado Plateau and the southern Basin and Range province. Upper mantle lithologies in this
xenolith suite are represented by spinel peridotite, wehrlite, plagioclase peridotite, and Al-augite group pyroxenites. Isotopic
data for these xenoliths yield relatively uniform values and suggest a common petrogenesis. Al-augite-bearing gabbro and pyroxenite
xenoliths from this locality are interpreted to have formed by crystal fractionation processes from parent alkali basalts
similar to the Wikieup host basalt. Mineral and whole rock compositions show consistent trends of increasing incompatible
element contents (Fe, Al, Ca, Na, K, LIL, and LREE), and decreasing compatible element contents (Mg, Cr, Ni) from spinel peridotite
to wehrlite to plagioclase peridotite to the host basalt composition. These compositional trends are interpreted as resulting
from varying degrees of magma-mantle wall rock interaction as ascending mafic magmas infiltrated upper mantle peridotite.
Small degrees of melt infiltration resulted in slightly modified spinel peridotite compositions while moderate degrees metasomatized
spinel peridotite to wehrlite, and the highest degrees metasomatized it to plagioclase peridotite. Whole rock compositions
and clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and whole rock isotopic data suggest that the infiltrating magmas were the same as those from
which the gabbros and pyroxenites crystallized, and that they were alkalic in composition, similar to the Wikieup host alkali
olivine basalts. Relatively uniform 143Nd/144Nd for the mineral separates and whole rocks in spite of the significantly wide range in their 147Sm/144Nd (0.71–0.23 in clinopyroxene) suggests that the Wikieup xenoliths including gabbro, pyroxenite, peridotite, wehrlite, and
plagioclase peridotite, are all relatively young rocks formed or metasomatized by a relatively recent magmatic episode.
Received: 21 May 1996 / Accepted: 23 December 1996 相似文献
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We examined seven ultramafic xenoliths from 1~3 Ma alkali olivine basalt reefs near the Eurasian continent and one sample of the host alkali basalt to identify the mantle wedge material and to constrain the origin and evolution of mantle beneath SW Japan. Six xenoliths are from Kurose and one xenolith is from Takashima, northern part of the Kyushu islands, SW Japan. The Sr and Nd isotopic ratios vary from 0.70416 to 0.70773 and from 0.51228 to 0.51283, respectively. The Kurose and Takashima xenoliths have higher Sr isotopic ratios and lower Nd isotopic ratios than those of the peridotite xenoliths from the other arc settings such as Simcoe and NE Japan.
The Kurose xenoliths have less radiogenic Os isotopic ratios (187Os/188Os = 0.123–0.129) than the primitive upper mantle (PUM) estimate and limited variation compared to the other arc xenoliths. Their Os isotope compositions are rather similar to the ultramafic xenoliths from NE and east China. In addition, the samples of the Kurose and Takashima xenoliths plot along a mixing line between ultramafic xenoliths from SE and NE China and a slab component in Sr–Nd–Os isotopic space. Our results suggest that fragments of continental lithospheric mantle from the China craton may exist beneath Kurose and Takashima after the Sea of Japan expansion when the Japanese islands were rifted away from the Eurasian continent during Miocene. Later magmatism due to subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath the SW Japan arc around 15 Ma ago may have introduced fluids or melts derived from slab component, interpreted to be oceanic sediments rather than altered oceanic crust, that possibly modified the original composition of the lithospheric mantle sampled by the peridotite xenoliths from Kurose and Takashima. 相似文献
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格吉格音乌拉火山机构主要由集块岩、角砾集块熔岩和碱性橄榄玄武岩组成。玄武岩中含有二辉橄榄岩包体,岩石属大陆内部碱性玄武岩系列。玄武岩层平覆于中新统通古尔组之上,是阿巴嘎玄武岩底部层位。玄武岩全岩钾—氩稀释法同位素年龄１２９９Ｍａ。综合分析认为：阿巴嘎玄武岩早期喷发活动最晚始于上新世。 相似文献
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M. Schilling R.V. Conceio G. Mallmann E. Koester K. Kawashita F. Herv D. Morata A. Motoki 《Lithos》2005,82(3-4):485-502
Cerro Redondo is an ancient cinder cone now almost completely eroded, sited over a sill that corresponds to a sub-volcanic magma chamber, in Santa Cruz province, Patagonia, Argentina. It is composed of Pliocene-Pleistocene alkaline basalt containing spinel-facies lherzolite and harzburgite mantle xenoliths. Core compositions of pyroxenes indicate temperatures of 823 °C to 1043 °C and pressures of 12.4 kb to 21.4 kb. Based on P–T estimates, petrographic, geochemical, and isotopic characteristics, we propose that Cerro Redondo xenoliths come from a thick homogeneous mantle column (36 km to 63 km depth), and present different degrees of basalt infiltration. A simple mixing model based on Sr isotopes was used to quantify the host basalt infiltration, and contamination values of 0.0%, 0.2%, 3%, and 12% were obtained for samples X-F, X-D, X-C, and X-B, respectively. For unknown reasons, samples X-G and X-E suffered selective isotopic and trace element modification, respectively, associated with 1% of basalt infiltration. Sample X-F best represents the sub-continental lithospheric mantle column, conserving primary equilibrium textures with sharp grain boundaries, and having TiO2, CaO, Na2O, K2O, and P2O5 contents lower than average spinel lherzolite, flat chondrite-normalized REE pattern, and 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd ratios of 0.70519 and 0.51297, respectively. This sample records a decoupling of the Sr–Nd system where Sr ratios increase at constant Nd ratios, possibly caused by chromatographic processes. Its 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb ratios are 17.987, 15.556, and 37.959, respectively. As the interaction with the host basalt increases, xenoliths show a gradual increase of disequilibrium textures such as reaction rims and exsolution lamellae in orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene, and increase of TiO2, CaO, Al2O3, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, LREE, and incompatible element concentrations. The Sr–Nd system shows an unusual positive trend from the unmodified sample X-F toward the host basalt isotope composition with 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd ratios of 0.70447 and 0.51279, respectively, while 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb ratios tend to increase toward those of the host basalt (18.424, 15.648, and 38.728, respectively) as the xenolith–basalt interaction increases. The basalt–xenolith reaction probably started during the transport of the xenoliths to the surface, and continued during the residence of xenoliths in the sub-volcanic magma chamber of Cerro Redondo. 相似文献
19.
东南沿海地区古近纪大陆岩石圈地幔特征及成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
东南沿海地区新生代玄武岩中的橄榄岩包体来自岩石圈地幔 ,上地幔橄榄岩包体的岩石学及地球化学特征都记录了地幔演化的历史。普宁橄榄岩包体斜方辉石含量与太古宙克拉通地幔类似 ,但在矿物学、REE、痕量元素和Sr Nd同位素上又与太古宙岩石圈地幔不同。橄榄岩包体的岩相学、矿物学、REE、痕量元素特征都提供了含H2 O富Si流体交代橄榄岩的证据 ,这种流体可能主要是洋壳物质局部熔融而成。流体交代使橄榄岩富Si,同时富Sr、Pb和强不相容元素等大洋岩石圈物质。这表明普宁大陆岩石圈地幔既保留太古宙岩石圈地幔的特征 ,又具有大洋俯冲地幔的特征 ,它是古老岩石圈地幔向大洋岩石圈地幔转换的一部分 ,这种转换可能是大洋岩石圈与大陆岩石圈地幔相互作用的结果。 相似文献