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<正> 磷矿的重介质选矿试验研究,为我国磷块岩的选矿开辟了一条新的工艺路线。探讨其适用条件等有关问题及其工业化问题,具有实际意义。适合重介质分选的磷矿工艺矿物学特征(1)磷酸盐矿物、碳酸盐矿物及硅铝酸盐矿物、氧化类矿物分别聚集成为磷块岩、白云岩及页岩条带,相间分布。(2)由于磷矿重介质分选比重较高,为保证良好的分选效果,磷矿粒度下限在1～2mm 较好,上限一般为6～15mm。这就要求磷块岩条带宽度大多数在1～2mm 以上。(3)磷块岩条带和脉石条带间力 相似文献
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中国磷矿选矿技术进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中国磷矿可分为磷灰石岩、磷灰岩和磷块岩三类。随着科学技术的发展，中国磷矿选矿技术也有了很大的进展，近年来这三类磷矿床选矿工艺都有新的突破，特别是针对储量最大而难选的硅－钙质沉积磷块岩，在新型捕收剂研制，联合选矿流程的研究及浮选机研制等有关技术均取得了可喜的进展，并已应用于生产之中 相似文献
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针对宜昌磷矿北部某矿区磷矿矿石性质及可选特性,进行了单一反浮选试验、重液浮沉试验和重介质-反浮选联合工艺扩大试验,并对试验结果进行了综合评价。结果表明,采用重介质-反浮选联合工艺,比较适合该矿开发利用,在分选介质密度2.415g/cm3,磨矿细度-200目(-0.076mm)含量63.70%,原矿P2O5品位20.81%、Mg O含量6.08%时,获得了精矿产率54.69%、P2O5品位30.58%、Mg O含量0.87%,磷回收率80.36%的选矿指标。试验研究结果为该类矿石的合理开发利用提供了参考。 相似文献
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<正> 宜昌磷矿主要工业矿物为呈隐晶的氟磷灰石和碳氟磷灰石,集中呈条带状分布;主要脉石矿物有白云石、水云母、钾长石、石英等,亦聚集成与前者相间的条带。如此结构,适合重介质选矿。但一般磷矿的重介质选矿,对1mm 以下的细粒物料尚无理想的选别手段,影响了对该类型矿床的开发利用。宜昌磷矿原矿中有10%以上细粒(-1～+0mm)物料不能进入重介质选。为此,笔者对宜昌磷矿细粒物料进行了重选试验研究。重液浮沉试验及可选性分析结果表明,这部分物料,有用矿物与脉石矿物的比重差较小,采用水介质重选获得高质量磷精矿和较高回 相似文献
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<正> 目前我国北方已知磷矿一般品位低,制磷肥所需的矿石大多数靠南磷北调。北方有不少磷矿床储量很大,埋藏很浅,有的甚至已出露地表,适于露天开采。矿石中的有用矿物多为结晶颗粒粗大的磷灰石,容易选别富集,开发它们在技术方面一般不存在难题;但是,选矿比大。如平型关磷矿选矿比为十,因而经济上是否合算就成了这类磷矿开发的关键。前不久,我们参加了山西省平型关磷矿选矿厂试生产,对试生产的磷矿成本进行了综合考察。通过考察我们认为用此类含P_2O_5 3.44％的磷矿石选矿、制肥,只要加强企 相似文献
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我国北方内生磷矿主要集中在河北、辽宁、内蒙古,主要为赋存于绿岩带内的低品位晶质铁磷矿床,磁铁矿(含钛磁铁矿)-磷灰岩型矿石。矿石含磷低,易选,但选矿比大、成本高。利用研制出的适合北方低品位磷矿选矿的新型、高效的AW系列浮选捕收剂,解决了使用传统的脂肪酸类矿浆需要加温到35℃以上、需要加碱的问题。取得的科研成果已经应用于选矿实践,实现了工业化。 相似文献
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湖北省宜昌硅钙质沉积磷块岩,是难选的中低品位沉积磷块岩,主要磷酸盐矿物为泥晶磷灰石,主要脉石矿物为白云石、石英、玉髓.从获得高品位精矿、高回收率选矿工艺指标的角度,对含泥量较高的中低品位硅钙质沉积磷块岩,进行选矿工艺研究。确定分级-反浮选（常温）最佳选矿工艺路线为：选矿技术指标为磨矿细度-0．074mm（-200目）,含量占67．7％,原矿品位P2O5 25．89％,精矿产率58．61％、品位P2O5 35．22％,回收率80．00％.通过工艺流程试验研究的论述,旨在向年轻的选矿工作者传达一种工作思路,同时对于选别同类型磷矿的矿山企业也有一定的参考价值、 相似文献
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成矿定量预测与深部找矿 总被引：19，自引：1，他引：18
成矿预测是在不确定条件下制定最优决策的工作。成矿预测作为一种地质系统,与其他技术、经济系统存在重要区别。由于矿床类型的多样性,矿床成因的复杂性,控矿因素的隐蔽性和找矿信息的多解性,成矿预测结果具有不确定性并常常因人而异。探索成矿预测过程客观化、定量化和精确化一直是成矿预测学的前沿课题。文中以个旧锡矿为例展示致矿地质异常与矿体空间产出及分布的密切关系,强调以"求异"准则为指导的成矿定量预测的重要性。当今地质勘查工作面临深部找矿问题,论文从深部找矿的概念、类型、目标、效益等方面简要介绍了国外理论研究和找矿实践概况。强调深部找矿中要加强地壳深部结构的研究,要重视深部找矿的经济"回报率"和勘查项目的"转化率"的重要性。 相似文献
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Under the ever-present solar radiation, photosynthetic organisms on Earth evolved structurally-sophisticated photosynthetic systems. However, little attention has been paid to the inherent impact of sunlight illumination on the inorganic minerals widespread on the Earth surface. We discovered for the first time the solar energy conversion system of the “mineral coatings” on the Earth's surface (aka“mineral membrane”), which exerts potential oxygen-production and carbon-sequestration functions on the Earth surface. Our finding shed a light on the photoelectric effect and non-classical photosynthesis involving natural semiconducting minerals. In this contribution, we studied the semiconducting property and photoelectron energy of typical minerals in the “mineral membrane”, focusing primarily on the photoelectric effect in and oxygen-production/carbon-sequestration function of ferromanganese oxides, as well as relevant geological records. We propose that birnessite, goethite and hematite, the semiconducting minerals commonly found in the “mineral membrane”, can perform sensitive and stable photon-to-electron conversion under solar radiation. The non-classical mineral photosynthetic function we put forth is as follows: Solar energy utilization by inorganic minerals resembles photosynthesis in regarding to oxygen evolution and carbon fixing, and the “mineral membrane” may take part in both photocatalytic water-oxidation reaction and transformation of atmospheric CO2into marine carbonate. In addition, minerals might as well have promoted photosynthesis in photosynthetic organisms. During the water-oxidation reaction, the inorganic cluster Mn4CaO5of photosystem II cycles through redox intermediates that are analogous to birnessite both in structure and component. Thus, it is fair to postulate that birnessites could play a role in the initiation of the photosynthesis in cyanobacteria, as minerals could weaken the hydrogen bond strength and alter water properties, thus facilitating water oxidation and photosynthesis. This observation offers further insights into the molecular mechanism of mineral participation in photosynthesis in photosynthetic organisms. 相似文献
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地球上生物因受到太阳光辐射作用而进化出结构精致的光合作用系统。太阳光辐射对地球表面广泛分布的无机矿物的影响与响应机制长期未被重视与理解。我们新发现的地表“矿物膜”转化太阳能系统,具有潜在的产氧固碳作用,体现出自然界中固有的矿物光电效应与非经典光合作用。本文在总结自然界中矿物光电子能量特征,特别是地表“矿物膜”特征及其光电效应性能的基础上,重点探讨铁锰氧化物矿物表现出的光电效应、产氧固碳作用与地质记录。提出矿物享有光电效应特性,地表“矿物膜”富含水钠锰矿、针铁矿、赤铁矿等天然半导体矿物,在日光辐射下具有稳定而灵敏的光电转换性能,产生矿物光电子能量;提出矿物拥有非经典光合作用的性能,自然界无机矿物转化太阳能系统类似生物光合作用吸收转化太阳能的产氧固碳系统,地表“矿物膜”光催化裂解水产氧作用及其转化大气和海洋二氧化碳为碳酸盐矿物作用,孕育出“矿物光合作用”;提出矿物具有促进生物光合作用的功能,生物光合作用中心Mn4CaO5在裂解水产氧过程中产生成分和结构类似水钠锰矿的锰簇化合物结构体,初步认为水钠锰矿可能促使蓝细菌光合作用系统的起源,矿物影响与削弱水分子氢键以改变水的性质,可提高水的分解程度与光合作用效率,为进一步探索矿物促进生物光合作用机理提供科学技术突破的机遇。 相似文献
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This paper summarizes advances since 1987 in the application of glacial sediment sampling to mineral exploration (drift prospecting) in areas affected by continental or alpine glaciation. In these exploration programs, clastic glacial sediments are tested by geochemical or mineralogical methods to detect dispersal trains of mineral deposit indicators that have been glacially transported from source by mechanical processes. In glaciated terrain the key sampling medium, till, is produced by abrasion, crushing and blending of rock debris and recycled sediment followed by down-ice dispersal ranging from a few metres to many kilometres. As a consequence of the mid-1980s boom in gold exploration, the majority of case studies and regional till geochemical surveys published in the past decade deal with this commodity. Approximately 30% of Canada and virtually all of Fennoscandia have been covered by regional till geochemical surveys that aid mineral exploration and provide baseline data for environmental, agricultural, and landuse planning. The most profound event in drift prospecting in the last decade, however, has been the early-1990s explosion in diamond exploration which has dramatically increased the profile of glacial geology and glacial sediment sampling and stimulated changes in sampling and analytical methods. 相似文献
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V. S. Urusov 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2007,49(7):497-504
A comprehensive statistical analysis of the symmetry of mineral species leads to a definite conclusion that rare minerals possess lower symmetry than abundant ones, so that the most stable minerals are characterized by higher symmetry. Since all recently discovered new minerals belong to rare and very rare species, their percentage is increasing and the mean symmetry index is decreasing with time. In other words, the average symmetry is gradually decreasing with the growing diversity of mineral species. In general, the irreversible process of rare mineral formation obeys the principle of minimum dissymmetrization. At the same time, the reduced symmetry indices strongly decrease on passing from cosmic materials (meteorites, lunar rocks) to the Earth’s solid substances and from the planetary interior (core, mantle) to the Earth’s crust. This trend of the planet’s evolution is related to the pronounced loss of entropy and increase in ordering of solid substances that compose the lithosphere. This is supplemented by the withdrawal of entropy from the solid to the upper liquid (oceans) and gaseous (atmosphere) shells of the Earth and farther to the surrounding space. 相似文献
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加强矿床地质研究，提高找矿工作成效 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国经济的持续快速增长,急需找矿工作的重大突破,以提供更多更好的矿产资源。矿床学正面临新的发展机遇。当前矿床研究工作的问题是理论联系实际不够,学科内部各部分发展不平衡。为此,笔者提出了矿床学研究中的几个重点:①由浅部向深部开拓——深浅结合;②矿床解剖与区域展开——点面结合;③矿床系列和异常系列组成的矿化网络;④研究与发现新型矿产资源。对如何加强矿床研究,提出:①理论与实践紧密结合;②宽厚基础与重点深入相结合;③国内矿床研究与国外矿床研究相结合;④继承与创新相结合。预计今后10～15年期间,中国的矿床研究将处在一个很有利的战略发展机遇期,我们要加倍努力,为实现从地质资源大国到地质资源强国的转变做出应有贡献。 相似文献
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Except for the fringing reef, the limestones of Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean are of Late Eocene (Tertiary “b") and Early Miocene (Tertiary “e” to “f") age. The Upper Eocene limestone is an algal limestone containing Discocyclina, Nummulites, and Heterostegina. The Lower Miocene limestone is an algal limestone containing in its lower part species of Lepidocyclina (Eulepidina) followed by Miogypsinoides dehaarti. Miogypsinoides dehaarti extends into the zone of Flosculinella bontangensis. No rocks younger than Burdigalian were identified other than on the fringing reef which contains an assemblage of Pliocene‐Pleistocene Foraminifera. 相似文献
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D.S. CRONAN 《Geology Today》1985,1(1):15-19
Oceanic manganese nodules, for long the cornucopia of sea floor mineral deposits, have lost much of their economic attractiveness in recent years as a result of depressed metal prices and difficulties surrounding their potential extraction under the Law of the Sea Convention. In their place, commerical interest in mineral deposits within Exclusive Economic Zones has increased, while the scientific world is enamoured with the black smokers discharging at mid–ocean ridges and the polymetallic sulphides that precipitate from them. 相似文献