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雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段普兰蛇绿岩中地幔橄榄岩的岩石学研究 总被引：14，自引：10，他引：4
西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段普兰蛇绿岩以出现面积约600余平方千米的特大型地幔橄榄岩体而引人注目.该地幔橄榄岩以方辉橄榄岩为主体,含有少量的二辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩,岩体中另有一些橄榄单斜辉石岩、辉长岩和辉绿岩等侵入体.地幔橄榄岩的主要造岩矿物橄榄石的Fo 90～93,其中呈包裹体的橄榄石的Fo略高,斜方辉石为顽火辉石(En 88～90),单斜辉石主要为顽透辉石和透辉石,以低铝(0.48％～3.96％)和高Mg#(91～96)为特征,铬尖晶石的Cr#值为18～69,其中方辉橄榄岩和二辉橄榄岩中的铬尖晶石属富铝型尖晶石,而纯橄岩中为富铬型尖晶石.橄榄单斜辉石岩的橄榄石Fo值一致较低,平均为88.4,斜方辉石En平均87,单斜辉石以透辉石为主,铬尖晶石的Cr#值为45～69.普兰地幔橄榄岩及橄榄单斜辉石岩都具有相似的稀土元素和微量元素配分模式,表现为LREE相对富集,Eu亏损不明显,微量元素中大离子亲石元素含量较低,部分样品高场强元素亏损,另一些则相对富集,显示地幔橄榄岩具有亏损地幔源区特征,但也具有俯冲带流体的交代特征,表明普兰岩体可能经历了MOR和SSZ两种构造环境,该特征与雅鲁藏布江缝合带东段的罗布莎地幔橄榄岩的特征可以对比. 相似文献
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西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段东波蛇绿岩的构造背景特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
西藏东波蛇绿岩位于雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段,由地幔橄榄岩、辉石岩和辉长岩等组成。地幔橄榄岩主要为方辉橄榄岩、纯橄岩和少量二辉橄榄岩。岩体的边界出露玄武岩和硅质岩等。地幔橄榄岩中有少量辉石岩和辉长岩的脉岩,宽约1 m,走向北西,与岩体的构造线方向基本一致。各岩相岩石地球化学研究结果表明,东波蛇绿岩的岩相存在较大的差异,玄武岩具有与洋岛玄武岩(OIB)相似的地球化学特征,而地幔橄榄岩中辉石岩、辉长岩脉与洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)相似,形成于洋中脊环境,并受后期俯冲流体作用的改造。东波岩体中二辉橄榄岩具有与深海地幔橄榄岩较一致的轻稀土亏损特征,而方辉橄榄岩和纯橄岩的地球化学特征显示出岩体形成于MOR环境,后受到SSZ环境的改造。东波蛇绿岩的岩石地球化学特征显示其洋中脊叠加洋岛的构造背景。 相似文献
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红柳沟北镁铁-超镁铁质岩体位于柴达木陆块北部的欧龙布鲁克微陆块东北缘,呈岩墙状,出露面积约0.1km~2,由方辉橄榄岩、橄榄二辉岩、含长单辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉长苏长岩、暗色橄榄辉长岩、苏长岩、辉长岩等组成,各岩相带在空间上呈渐变过渡关系。电子探针分析结果显示,岩体的主要造岩矿物为贵橄榄石、古铜辉石、普通辉石和斜长石,并且各矿物的结晶温度为1 307~1 122℃。岩体钛铁矿化明显,主要金属矿物为钛铁矿、钛磁铁矿和磁铁矿。利用橄榄石Fo最高值反演出原生岩浆MgO含量为8.49%,FeO含量为10.03%,TiO_2含量为1.63%,为普通玄武质岩浆。通过综合研究各矿物形成的温度和氧逸度条件,认为岩浆从橄榄石结晶到普通辉石结晶,其氧逸度是缓慢升高的,并且氧逸度是控制红柳沟北岩体Ti-Fe氧化物结晶的主要因素。 相似文献
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新疆克拉玛依地区出露的早古生代蛇绿混杂岩带规模巨大,岩石单元出露齐全。白碱滩地区的地幔橄榄岩相对比较新鲜,单斜辉石、斜方辉石、尖晶石和橄榄石保存完好。研究表明,白碱滩蛇绿岩就位前,地幔岩发生了大于50km的快速隆升,且没有发生部分熔融。百口泉地区发现的地幔岩普遍遭受了改造,辉石多发生了强烈蚀变(透闪石化),但尖晶石和橄榄石保存较好。百口泉地区出露的地幔岩和白碱滩地幔岩的矿物组成基本一致,表明它们属于同一蛇绿混杂岩带。百口泉蛇绿岩剖面的揭露,将该蛇绿混杂岩带的范围向NE方向延伸了35km。 相似文献
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新疆北山地区中坡山北镁铁质岩体岩石地球化学与岩石成因 总被引：12，自引：13，他引：12
中坡山北镁铁质岩体位于新疆北山裂谷带的中带,岩体形态为相互联通的岩盆状,出露面积约180km~2。由角闪辉长岩、橄榄辉石岩、橄榄辉长岩、苏长辉长岩和斜长岩组成,岩相带呈同心环状展布,相互间呈渐变过渡关系。锆石U-Pb法同位素年龄为274+4Ma。岩相学、岩石化学、造岩矿物晶体化学和稀土元素地球化学特征均显示了非常发育的分离结晶作用。橄榄辉石岩和橄榄辉长岩主要由早期结晶相聚集而成,橄榄石是最初的液相线相,单斜辉石是数量最多的分离结晶相。斜长岩由残余岩浆结晶而成。母岩浆应该是高镁的拉斑玄武岩浆。Nd、Sr、Pb同位素组成和岩石地球化学特征充分证明了岩浆与围岩之间的物质交换。同化混染作用明显地改变了侵入岩的同位素组成和大离子亲石元素丰度。除斜长岩外,各种岩石的TiO_2、Na：O、K_2O、大离子亲石元素和稀土元素丰度均很低,受同化混染作用影响较小的样品的ε_Nd(t)=+6．80,这些特征证明其岩浆源区属亏损型地幔。FeO~*和SiO_2含量证明,熔融作用开始时,源岩为二辉橄榄岩；当熔融作用持续到一定程度时,源岩物质转化为方辉橄榄岩。稀土元素地球化学证明,熔融作用发生于尖晶石稳定域内。综合各方面要素可以证明,中坡山北岩体是塔里木板块二叠纪期间第四种类型地幔源区部分熔融的产物。 相似文献
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西准噶尔地区阿尔卑斯型超基性岩受花岗岩浆侵入接触影响,在一些地带形成石榴石橄榄辉石角岩、变石榴石辉橄岩—橄榄岩和变辉橄岩—橄榄岩等接触热变质带;同时还形成石棉矿化。接触热变质作用是在温度850—900℃、压力约3.5千巴和有化学元素带入带出的条件下发生的。 相似文献
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东天山黄山岩带因发育众多镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体和岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床而备受地质学者关注。四顶黑山岩体位于该岩带最东端,具有层状岩体特征;岩石类型有单辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩、橄榄苏长辉长岩、橄榄辉长岩、辉石角闪岩、辉长岩、角闪辉长岩、闪长岩,主要造岩矿物为贵橄榄石、古铜辉石、透辉石、普通角闪石和斜长石,岩体分异较好,蚀变较发育。通过矿物显微结构特征观察以及计算得出:四顶黑山岩体中橄榄石最先结晶,其开始结晶温度大约在1419℃左右;古铜辉石和透辉石在橄榄石之后开始结晶,结晶温度分别在1100℃左右和900～1100℃之间,两矿物相在岩石中可以共存。岩体中橄榄岩相、苏长岩相发育,以及贵橄榄石+古铜辉石的矿物组合特征,表明岩体具有形成铜镍(铂)矿床的有利条件。 相似文献
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新疆西准噶尔地区阿尔卑斯型超基性岩的热变质作用特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
西准噶尔地区阿尔卑斯型超基性岩受花岗岩浆侵入接触影响,在一些地带形成石榴石橄榄辉石角岩、变石榴石辉橄岩-橄榄岩和变辉橄岩-橄榄岩等接触热变质带;同时还形成石棉矿化。接触热变质作用是在温度850-900℃,压力约3.5千巴和有化学元素带入带出的条件下发生的。 相似文献
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The Selukwe Subchamber forms part of the South Chamber of the Great Dyke and is unique in its location and structure by its close association with the Selukwe greenstone belt. The contact with the greenstone belt (west side) is over 20 km in length and contrasts with the mainly granitic contact on the east side. The greenstone belt margin has caused a deflection of the magma chamber resulting in a narrowing of the subchamber in some parts. The narrowing of the chamber, combined with the contrasting marginal rocks, has resulted in several important petrological and geochemical features in the Selukwe Subchamber. These include abnormal compression of the stratigraphy from axis to margin by nearly 50%, geochemical differences in whole rock and mineral compositions, asymmetry in the forms and types of layers close to the east and west margins, and development of an extensive xenolith/autolith suite of rock fragments. The xenolith suite is derived from the greenstone belt, whereas the autolith suite resulted from fragmentation of the Border Group formed in contact with the wall-rocks early in the development of the magma chamber. The preservation of relics of the Border Group is the result of the more rapid cooling in the narrow chamber. In most areas of the Great Dyke, evidence of the Border Group has been largely eliminated. The style of the layering also contrasts with that in the larger North Chamber in that narrow layers of dominantly olivine pyroxenite characterise the sequence in the Selukwe Subchamber.The overall fractionation pattern of the Ultramafic Sequence in the central part of the chamber is represented by orthopyroxene compositions and, being similar to other parts of the Great Dyke, shows little change until the uppermost P1 Pyroxenite where marked fractionation is apparent. The platinum group element zone is associated with sharp compositional changes in orthopyroxene compared with the general trend of evolving pyroxene compositions in the P1 Pyroxenite layer. 相似文献
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中南部非洲镍矿资源丰富,大体可分为岩浆型和风化壳型2种预测类型。本文在对中南部非洲243处镍矿床/点资料系统收集整理的基础上,将产出的镍矿初步划分为新太古代、古元古代、中元古代和新元古代4个成矿期,南非卡普瓦尔北缘古元古代Cr-Ni-Cu（PGE）成矿带、津巴布韦大岩墙新太古代Ni-Cr（PGE）成矿带、博茨瓦纳弗朗西斯敦—赛莱比—皮奎新太古代Ni-Cu-Au成矿带、赞比亚赞比西津巴—卢萨卡新元古代Au-Ni-Cu成矿带、坦桑尼亚乌本迪—乌萨嘎仁古元古代Ni-Cu成矿带和坦桑尼亚—布隆迪基巴拉中元古代Ni-Cu-Co成矿带共6个成矿带,从整体上构成了北东向的中南部非洲巨型镍矿带;并分别对研究区内典型的与大陆边缘裂解有关的Ni-Cu（PGE）矿床、与造山带伸展背景有关的Ni-Cu矿床、与地幔柱有关的Ni-Cu（PGE）矿床和风化壳型镍矿床的矿床地质特征和成矿模式进行了研究。综合研究表明,布什维尔德矿集区、津巴布韦大岩墙矿集区、博茨瓦纳弗朗西斯敦—赛莱比—皮奎矿集区、坦桑尼亚—布隆迪穆松加迪—卡邦加矿集区镍矿资源潜力巨大,找矿前景优越。 相似文献
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津巴布韦太古宙花岗-绿岩型金矿床受构造的控制,金矿可分为褶皱控矿型、剪切带控矿型、层控型、深成花岗岩控矿型和构造-蚀变岩型等5类。津巴布韦花岗-绿岩型金矿多产于花岗质片麻岩与绿岩带的接触带上,金以自然金或金的硫化物形式产出。金矿成矿时代大致分为(2660±50)Ma和(2410±70)Ma(米德兰德绿岩带北部白钨矿Sm-Nd测年)2个时段,分别与新太古代TTG事件和大岩墙侵入相关。津巴布韦花岗-绿岩型金矿较多,但发现的中-大型绿岩型金矿较少,具有较好的金矿找矿前景。 相似文献
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秦岭造山带松树沟元古宙蛇绿岩及其大地构造背景 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
秦岭造山带松树沟蛇绿岩大约是在９８３Ｍａ，构造就位于秦岭杂岩（Ｐｔ１）之上的异地构造岩片．由变质橄榄岩、堆积橄榄岩和火山岩系组成。变质橄榄岩以纯橄榄岩为主。堆晶岩分为单斜辉石型和斜方辉石型两类。火山岩由拉斑玄武岩和低铝安山岩组成，εＮｄ（Ｔ）为＋４．１～＋６．４，表现出Ｎ、Ｔ、Ｐ三种稀土分配型式和非正常洋脊玄武岩地球化学的特征。综合分析认为，这个古老蛇绿岩是在一种位于洋中脊之上的洋岛环境中形成的，代表了晋宁期华北板块与扬子板块之间古洋盆的残骸。 相似文献
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广西大厂锡多金属矿床的形成与花岗岩关系密切,其中,花岗斑岩呈岩墙状产出,称为"东岩墙",主要分布于西矿带的铜坑—长坡锡矿(大厂锡矿主体矿山)的东侧。通过野外调研和室内岩石学分析表明,"东岩墙"不是单一的花岗斑岩岩墙,而是由近于南北向断裂破碎带的花岗斑岩岩墙、闪长玢岩岩墙和次玄武岩岩墙组成的多期次构造岩浆带。通过岩石化学分析认为,构成该岩墙的岩石属钙碱性-碱性岩浆系列,形成于岛弧及活动大陆边缘环境。"东岩墙"是一条导岩、导矿构造和贯穿大厂矿田的地质界线,其对两侧的矿床分布、矿化强度、矿床类型有明显控制作用。 相似文献
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《Journal of African Earth Sciences》1999,28(2):325-336
One of the most significant mafic intrusive events in the Zimbabwe Craton was the emplacement of the Great Dyke layered ultramafic-mafic complex and its two parallel ‘satellite’ dykes at the end of the Archæan (∼2.6 Ga). The two satellite dykes, the East Dyke and the West (Umvimeela) Dyke, were far less affected by crystal accumulation and layering processes than the Great Dyke, and therefore may provide a clearer picture of parental magma compositions of the Great Dyke event. The geochemical character of this major episode of mafic magmatism is markedly different to that of more typical continental tholeiites, such as the ∼1.9 Ga Mashonaland sills, and reflects significant contrasts in petrogenetic influences. Despite its mid-continental setting, the parental magma of the satellite dykes had geochemical characteristics more often associated with magmas generated at destructive plate margins, suggesting that the nature of this magma was perhaps more similar to high Mg andesitic, rather than continental tholeiitic magmatism. Fine-grained samples with ∼14% MgO perhaps most closely approximate to the parental magma composition. Certain major and trace element concentrations (high MgO, SiO2, LREE and LILE, and low Nb, Ta and Ti) and the lack of an Fe enrichment trend, suggest that the mafic magma had either suffered severe crustal contamination or had been derived from a metasomatised harzburgitic mantle source. 相似文献
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克拉麦里—塔克札勒—大黑山蛇绿岩建造稀土元素特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
克拉麦里—塔克札勒—大黑山蛇绿岩建造稀土元素含量由变质橄榄岩—堆积橄榄岩—堆积辉长岩—玄武岩有规律增高 ,总体表现为轻稀土弱富集 ,L/H值大多数大于 1,局部有轻稀土亏损的特征。蛇绿岩建造各单元间稀土元素分布模式不尽相同 ,即使是同一单元在不同地段亦有差异 ,反映地幔岩浆的复杂性。基性熔岩稀土元素分布模式既有洋脊玄武岩的平坦曲线 ,又有轻稀土富集型的夏威夷等洋岛玄武岩的特征 ,反映该蛇绿岩带混杂着洋壳残骸和洋岛碎块。由清水—南明水东—塔克札勒基性熔岩稀土元素含量有规律递增 ,分别是球粒陨石的 9.4、15.4、18.9倍 ,反映玄武质岩浆分异程度逐渐增高 ,间接说明该岩带闭合时间由西向东从中泥盆世—晚石炭世末 ,再向东甚至延续至二叠纪 相似文献
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Halogen geochemistry of the Great Dyke,Zimbabwe 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
A. E. Boudreau C. Love M. D. Prendergast 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1995,122(3):289-300
Apatite from the Great Dyke of Zimbabwe is relatively rich in the hydroxy-fluorapatite end-members. The mole fraction of
fluorapatite increases from approximately 40% in cumulates of the Ultramafic Sequence to over 60% in a sample near the top
of the exposed Mafic Sequence. The chlorapatite component decreases from a typical high of 10–20 mole% in the Ultramafic Sequence
to about 1% in the uppermost part of the Mafic sequence. However, within-sample variation may be as great as the entire stratigraphic
variation. Halogen contents of marginal samples generally are similar to axial samples, but tend not to have as high Cl concentration
and tend to OH-enrichment. Biotite compositions approach hydroxyl end-member compositions, and apatite-biotite OH-F exchange
geothermometers give an average closure temperature of 564° C. Apatite from the Umvimeela Dyke, an unlayered dike that parallels
the Great Dyke over much of its length, contains less Cl than is seen in the Ultramafic Sequence cumulates of the Great Dyke.
While the overall stratigraphic trend is characterized by a decrease in the Cl/F ratio with stratigraphic height, within the
P1 unit at the top of the Ultramafic Sequence there is a positive correlation between Cl and other incompatible elements such
as Na and Ce. The apparent contradiction between the general stratigraphic trend of decreasing Cl/F ratio with fractionation
and the apparent increase in Cl and other incompatible elements seen in the P1 unit can be explained by assuming that the
Great Dyke magma chamber was degassing near its top, where confining pressure was lowest and Cl was preferentially lost to
a separating volatile-rich fluid. As cumulates formed on the floor, they entrapped liquid that was increasingly depleted in
Cl at the higher stratigraphic levels. However, at any given stratigraphic interval, either local fluid enrichment or the
eventual crystallization of halogen-bearing minerals that incorporate the smaller F ion in preference to the larger Cl ion
led to a local increase in the Cl/F ratio.
Received: 31 October 1994/Accepted: 13 June 1995 相似文献
19.
东南沿海地区古近纪大陆岩石圈地幔特征及成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
东南沿海地区新生代玄武岩中的橄榄岩包体来自岩石圈地幔 ,上地幔橄榄岩包体的岩石学及地球化学特征都记录了地幔演化的历史。普宁橄榄岩包体斜方辉石含量与太古宙克拉通地幔类似 ,但在矿物学、REE、痕量元素和Sr Nd同位素上又与太古宙岩石圈地幔不同。橄榄岩包体的岩相学、矿物学、REE、痕量元素特征都提供了含H2 O富Si流体交代橄榄岩的证据 ,这种流体可能主要是洋壳物质局部熔融而成。流体交代使橄榄岩富Si,同时富Sr、Pb和强不相容元素等大洋岩石圈物质。这表明普宁大陆岩石圈地幔既保留太古宙岩石圈地幔的特征 ,又具有大洋俯冲地幔的特征 ,它是古老岩石圈地幔向大洋岩石圈地幔转换的一部分 ,这种转换可能是大洋岩石圈与大陆岩石圈地幔相互作用的结果。 相似文献