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二叠纪末期生物大绝灭后，经过早三叠世的缓慢复苏和中三叠世的快速辐射，生物界在晚三叠世进入了顶峰时期。中国西南地区贵州省关岭县新铺乡出露的关岭生物群正与这个顶峰相对应，它标志着海洋生态系统已经彻底从二叠纪末期的大灾难中恢复了过来。关岭生物群具有很高的生物多样性，其中含有保存非常完整精美的海生爬行动物以及鱼、海百合、菊石、双壳等化石，与世界上其他晚三叠世动物群相比，其种类丰富、保存精美、数量多，是一个独特的珍稀生物群。化石海生爬行动物和海百合是这一生物群中的代表生物类别，特别是海生爬行动物，其在古地理上成为连接三叠纪太平洋区和特提斯区的重要环节，而在生物演化上则成为连接三叠纪原始类型和侏罗纪一白垩纪海洋统治者之间的重要过渡环节。最引人关注的化石是可长达10m以上且完整保存的鱼龙骨架以及首次在中国发现报道的海龙和齿龙化石，目前研究已建立了17个种。其中，3种鱼龙（Qianichthyosaurus zhoui，Guizhouichth yosaurus tangae，Guanlingsaurus liangae），3种海龙（Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis，Xinpusaurus suni，Xinpusaurus kohi），和2种齿龙（Sinocyamodus xinpuensis，Psephochelys polyosteoderma）具有分类学意义。 相似文献
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中国已知的豆齿龙类化石有贵州关岭晚三叠世新铺中国豆齿龙、多板砾甲龟龙及云南富源中三叠世康氏雕甲龟龙。记述了一件楯齿龙目豆齿龙亚目的新材料,产自云南富源法郎组竹杆坡段,时代为中三叠世拉丁期,标本(编号C.1924)现收藏于重庆自然博物馆,该标本保存有完整的背甲、尾椎和四肢的部分骨骼,背甲由500多枚小骨板组成,背甲整体结构与康氏雕甲龟龙相似,但背甲中部无沟和脊,背甲骨板表面无放射沟和嵴,排列更加致密,侧壁相对更为发达,由连接紧密的3～4排骨板组成,四肢骨相对于康氏雕甲龟龙来说更为粗壮。根据上述特征,认为是雕甲龟龙属的一个新种——粗壮雕甲龟龙（Glyphoderma robusta sp. nov.）,这是继康氏雕甲龟龙之后在云南富源发现的第二个豆齿龙类物种。 相似文献
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LU Jun-chang XU Li ZHANG Xing-liao JI Qiang JIA Song-hai HU Wei-yong ZHANG Ji-ming WU Yan-hua 《地质通报》2007,(7)
根据以下特征,建立驰龙类恐龙一新属新种——河南栾川盗龙(Luanchuanraptor henanensisgen.etsp.nov):牙齿后缘每5mm有24个小锯齿;前部背椎椎体具有小的椎体侧孔;后部脉弧的前后突短且为三分支;最后部的尾椎体的椎体前突拉长且包裹与其相邻的前部椎体,两椎体前突之间夹有低的刀片状的神经棘;乌喙骨的内面强烈凹陷;肱骨骨干直,肱骨三角脊几乎占肱骨长度的前部一半。河南栾川盗龙代表除在亚洲戈壁地区及中国东北地区之外发现的第一件驰龙类化石标本。 相似文献
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于二叠纪-古近纪地层中发现动物化石、植物化石和孢粉多属多种.其中所有孢粉和植物化石在测区均为首次发现.发现软体动物并建立1新属2新种(Quemocuomegalodon orrientus Yao Sha et Zhang,Q.longitatus Yao Sha et Zhang).在藏北地区首次发现典型的古近纪双壳类化石(Pisudium amnicum Miiller).在上三叠统中发现厚度超过800m的钙碱性岛弧型中酸性火山岩.岩浆侵入岩获得一批岩石化学资料和21个喜马拉雅期的同位素年龄数据(23～48Ma),显示南部同碰撞、北部造山后拉张的特点.新近纪火山岩分布于测区北部,划分为2个喷发旋回,为板内裂谷活动的产物.发现中-晚侏罗世地层与晚三叠世地层的明显角度不整合接触面.查明了测区北部的二叠纪地层与上覆晚三叠世至侏罗纪地层为角度不整合接触. 相似文献
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贵州省关岭县上三叠统海生爬行动物化石自1999年被发现以来，先后有12属17种被报道，其中包括我国首次发现的檑齿龙类和海龙类。由于化石的保存状况以及标本的修理难度等多种原因，已经发表的材料中包括了大量的同物异名现象以及无效的属种。通过对已发表文献的全面回顾和总结，确认了该动物群中命名有效的5属6种——即周氏黔鱼龙、黄果树安顺龙、新铺中国豆齿龙、多板砾甲龟龙、孙氏新铺龙和巴毛林新铺龙，指出两种尚未命名的大型海龙类和鱼龙类的存在，这一组合基本反映了关岭三叠纪海生爬行动物群的真实面貌。同时提出了关岭海生爬行动物化石研究过程中，标本的真实性、化石修理及学术沟通等方面存在的问题。 相似文献
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豫西栾川地区晚白垩世秋扒组一新的驰龙类化石 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据以下特征，建立驰龙类恐龙一新属新种——河南栾川盗龙（Luanchuanraptor henartens／sgen．et sp．nov）：牙齿后缘每5mm有24个小锯齿；前部背椎椎体具有小的椎体侧孔；后部脉弧的前后突短且为三分支；最后部的尾椎体的椎体前突拉长且包裹与其相邻的前部椎体，两椎体前突之间夹有低的刀片状的神经棘；乌喙骨的内面强烈凹陷；肱骨骨干直，肱骨三角脊几乎占肱骨长度的前部一半。河南栾川盗龙代表除在亚洲戈壁地区及中国东北地区之外发现的第一件驰龙类化石标本。 相似文献
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关于湘东南晚三叠世-侏罗纪沉积盆地性质存在挤压相关类前陆盆地及断陷盆地等不同认识。沉积物分布及岩相特征研究表明:湘东南晚三叠世-早侏罗世早期为海相-海陆交互相沉积环境, 早侏罗世晚期-中侏罗世早期为陆相沉积环境; 晚三叠世盆地为分布于茶陵-郴州大断裂东侧(上盘)的北北东-近南北向狭长海湾, 早侏罗世开始盆地向东、西两侧扩展; 晚三叠世-侏罗纪沉积横向上覆于相对较老的地层之上, 表明湘东南晚三叠世-侏罗纪盆地不是南北向挤压形成的类前陆拗陷盆地。结合区域构造背景, 提出盆地的形成主要与区域南北向挤压下先期北北东向断裂产生东西方向伸展有关, 一定程度上印证了印支运动构造线为北北东向。海相至陆相的演化过程暗示研究区以南在早侏罗世晚期开始因区域南北向挤压形成了东西向隆起, 说明盆地发育后期伸展活动的同时却处于区域挤压拗陷构造背景之中, 反映出晚三叠世-侏罗纪盆地演化期间华南地区伸展/挤压构造体制具复杂的时空变化。 相似文献
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贵州中晚三叠世海生爬行动物研究概况 总被引：17，自引：5，他引：12
贵州中晚三叠世的海生爬行动物以鳍龙类为主,另有鱼龙类。主要产出层位有二个,即中三叠统安尼阶的关岭组及晚上三叠统卡尼阶的竹杆坡组和瓦窑组。它们仅见于贵州中晚三叠世的碳酸盐台地范围内,在深水陆源碎屑浊积盆地尚未见及,化石以原地埋藏为主,异地埋藏很少见及。多数属种特征与欧州阿尔插斯的同期类群料为接近,而与北美同期类群料为疏远。 相似文献
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The skull of Anshunsaurus huangnihensis Cheng, 2007, especially the skull roof, is described in detail in this paper. Compared to other genera and species of Askeptosauroidea, Anshunsaurus huangnihensis has some important transitional characters from Askeptosaurus italicus to Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis: the rostral length related to the skull length between Askeptosaurus italicus and Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis; the postfrontal existing but distinctly reduced; the posterolateral process relatedly short and overlapping the parietal. The phylogenetic analysis weakly supports the evolutional progress from Anshunsaurus huangnihensis to Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis. The skeletal ratios indicated that the node among the Askeptosauridae ingroup. The evolutional direction of Askeptosauridae should be from Askeptosaurus italicus to Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis. The skeletal ratios indicated that the evolutional progress is Askeptosaurus italicus – Anshunsaurus huangnihensis – Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis. In biogeography provinces, the Askeptosauroidea taxa from south China have a close relationship with those from western Tethys; however, Xinpusaurus from the Late Triassic is more related to those from the eastern Pacific. 相似文献
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XU Xing ZHANG Xiaohong TAN Qingwei ZHAO Xijin TAN Lin 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(1):20-26
A specimen collected from the Upper Cretaceous Erlian Formation of Nei Mongol （Inner Mongolia）, China, represents a new genus and species of titanosaurian sauropod. The new taxon is named and described on the basis of the holotype and the only known specimen, which comprises several dorsal, sacral, and caudal vertebrae, several dorsal ribs, one anterior chevron, and much of the pelvis. Diagnostic features of the new species include a thick ridge extending down from the postzygapophysis on the lateral surface of the neural arch of the posterior dorsal vertebrae, a transversely oriented accessory lamina present between the anterior centroparapophyseal limina and the lateral centraprezygapophyseal lamina of the posterior dorsal vertebrae, long, anteroventrally directed caudal rib that bears two distinctive fossae on its posterior margin on the anterior caudal vertebrae and a prominent vertical ridge above the pubic peduncle on the medial surface of the ilium, among others. The ilium is pneumatic, a feature not common among non-avian dinosaurs. The new taxon has an unusual combination of primitive and derived character states. Preliminary character analysis shows a complex character distribution within the Titanosauriformes. Recent titanosauriform discoveries suggest that a significant radiation occurred in Asia early in the titanosauriform evolution. 相似文献
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中国辽宁西部早白垩世翼龙类化石非常丰富,其上部的九佛堂组翼龙类组合以含有丰富的无齿的古神翼龙科、朝阳翼龙科等进步类型而与下部的义县组翼龙类组合相区别。本文描述了辽宁西部建昌盆地九佛堂组一新的大型翼龙类化石,其以上下颌无齿、吻端指数为3.7、前颌骨背支细长且封闭鼻眶前孔背缘、很大的鼻眶前孔后端超过上下颌关节位置、轭骨的上颌骨突基部宽大而应被归入朝阳翼龙科(Chaoyangopteridae)神州翼龙属(Shenzhoupterus)。其以较大的体形(翼展2.05 m)、平直的上下颌咬合面、轭骨的眶后骨突较泪骨突长且基部略宽、第4～7颈椎长度依次减小等特征,区别于朝阳神州翼龙(Shenzhoupterus chaoyangensis),而被命名为三亚神州翼龙(新种)(Shenzhoupterus sanyainus sp. nov.)。这是辽宁西部早白垩世翼展最大且不具牙齿的翼龙类属种,它的发现丰富了九佛堂组翼龙类组合内容,对认识朝阳翼龙科的骨骼形态与生态习性亦具有积极意义。 相似文献
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Although Iguanodon is one of the most abundant and well-known of Europe's dinosaur genera, fossils of young specimens are very rare. Indeed, the fossil record contains very few examples of the young of any non-hadrosaurid iguanodontian. Here we report the discovery of 13 Iguanodon perinates from the Lower Cretaceous of Galve (Teruel, Spain). The characteristics of an adult and juvenile found nearby show these perinates to belong to a new species: Iguanodon galvensis sp. nov. The histological and osteological features of these young animals indicate them to have been in their first year of life. The taphonomic features of their remains, plus the finding of clearly embryonic vertebrae alongside them, suggest the perinates of this species remained in the vicinity of their nests for some time, possibly congregating in nursery areas. 相似文献
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In the Inner Mongolia axis and Jiaoliao anteclise along the northern margin of the North China Platform.it has been found that the strata formerly considered as Archaean and Proterozoic are in fact an ophiolite suitesimilar to the Early Palaeozoic Ondor Sum Group in the Northern Geosyncline region of China. The stratahave been named in northern Liaoning as the Qinghezhen Group. The emphasis of this paper is on the discus-sion of the simall shelly fossils found in the siliceous rocks in the upper part of the Qinghezhen Group. Thisophiolite suite stretches in an E-W direction for about 1000 km along the northern margin of the North ChinaPlatform. in which 15 fossil localities with stable stratigraphic horizons have been discovered. In this paper. 4types. 7 genera (including 5 new ones) and 10 species (including 8 new ones and 1 new subspecies) aredescribed, which are collectively referred to as the Qinghezhen Fauna. The characteristics of these fossils are:shell form simple. the maximum length not exceeding 4 mm. with obvious shell wall and wall ornaments. TheQinghezhen Fauna is comparable in shell structure of some genera and species with the Meishucun Fauna inSouth China, but differs from the latter in having only monotonous fossil groups developed in a distinctly va-ried ecological environment. The two faunas may belong to the same evolutionary stage of the Early Cambrianbut have developed parallelly in different regions. The existence of the Qinghezhen Fauna represents an impor-tant biological event in the Early Cambrian in the Northern Geosyncline region of China. The discovery of theQinghezhen Fauna will bring new knowledge and profound influence to a series of problems on basic geologyand mineral deposit prospecting such as the Cambrian faunas. biogeographical povincialism in China and thegeotectonic features of the northern margin of the North China Platform. 相似文献
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文中描述了我国中三叠世淡水鲎虫的1个新科——新疆鲎虫科(Xinjiangiopsi-dae fam.nov.)及陕西铜川中三叠世(铜川组)鲎虫4个新种。 相似文献
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记贵州顶效中三叠世一新的海生爬行动物 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
在贵州兴义顶效绿荫村西大约150m绿荫水泥厂南面采石场出露的中三叠统杨柳并组（拉丁阶）灰黑色中薄层灰岩中发现一新的海生爬行动物－绿荫顶效龙Dingxiaosaurus luyinensisgen.et sp.nov。它的肢骨形态和结构颇为独特，股骨，胫，腓骨以及跗骨的形状和结构相似于原始的鱼龙，而趾骨形状和数目有些相似于最早的蛇颈龙，但又与所有已知的鱼龙和蛇颈类类的属种均明显不同，它是早期海生爬行动脉进化的一个比较原始而孤立的新种类，它的发现对早期海生爬行动物进化多样性的认识具有十分重要的科学意义。 相似文献
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Machilus maomingensis Jin et Tang, sp. nov. from the Eocene Youganwo Formation of the Maoming Basin, South China, is studied in detail from the perspective of the leaf architecture and the excellently preserved cuticle. The leaf margin is entire, the primary venation is pinnate; 6 to 8 secondary veins are present and the major secondary venation is eucamptodromous. Stomata are paracytic and occur on the lower epidermis. Trichome bases are unicellular. Oil cells are present in the upper epidermis. The new fossil species described has features of the Lauraceae, particularly of the extant genus Machilus Rumphius ex Nees, and it is most similar to Machilus chinensis (Bentham) Hemsley, an extant species distributed in southern China and Vietnam. Hence, Machilus maomingensis sp. nov. is inferred to live in a warm and humid climate. The discovery of the present fossil indicates that Machilus has existed in South China from at least the Eocene. 相似文献