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1.
深地震探测揭示的华北及东北地区莫霍面深度   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
从20世纪70年代以来,在我国华北及东北地区进行了大量的深地震探测研究.本文通过对该地区的深地震探测研究的总结和梳理,探讨了该区的莫霍面深度与变化及其地球动力学意义.结果表明:华北地区最深的莫霍面出现在内蒙褶皱带内,最浅的莫霍面出现在渤海湾盆地.东北地区最深的莫霍面出现在大兴安岭地区,最浅的莫霍面出现在依兰-伊通断裂带...  相似文献   

2.
高维  郭志宏  周坚鑫  孟庆奎  舒晴  王纯 《地质学报》2020,94(11):3249-3262
海南岛高精度航磁数据分析及其居里等温面反演,对于探究海南岛及其相邻的南海大陆边缘的深部热结构具有重要研究意义。本文通过对海南岛航磁异常数据的化极和上延处理,分析了岛内不同构造单元的磁异常特征及其空间展布。并在此基础上,利用功率谱法,反演计算出岛内区域居里等温面的深度分布,结合海南岛区域地质演化、大地热流值、莫霍面与岩石圈深度以及地震测深剖面等资料,获得了如下认识:① 海南岛航磁异常带主要呈现近东西向与北东向展布,近东西向磁异常带被北东向异常错断和干扰,揭示了近东西向构造带要明显早于北东向构造带。② 海南岛居里等温面深度变化于16 ~ 34 km 之间,平均深度为24 km,其中,琼北新生代火山- 沉积盆地居里等温面深度明显偏深,大致相当于本区莫霍面深度,最深可达35 km,相对应的大地热流值偏低。③ 琼中- 万宁与东方- 昌江褶皱造山区的居里等温面深度明显偏浅,最浅仅为16 km,明显低于本区莫霍面深度,对应较高的大地热流值。④ 综合本文与前人研究结果表明,海南岛岩石圈厚度为55 ~ 90 km,为典型的去根减薄的岩石圈,莫霍面的温度为600 ~ 900 ℃,局部异常高的莫霍面温度,可能与本区软流圈地幔置换古老岩石圈地幔提供了热量有关。  相似文献   

3.
中国东部岩石圈热状态与流变学强度特征   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9  
根据均衡原理制约的地热计算得到中国东部岩石圈的温度分布状态,以40、70、100km和莫霍面深度等温线图以及600°C、1100°C等温面深度的形式表示.同时计算了以1350°C等温面深度表示的中国东部的热岩石圈厚度.结果显示:在扬子克拉通西部四川盆地之下存在160~200km厚的岩石圈根,但在整个华北克拉通之下缺失岩...  相似文献   

4.
深地震探测揭示的华南地区莫霍面深度   总被引:15,自引:2,他引:13  
从20世纪70年代以来, 在华南地区进行了大量的深地震探测研究。本文通过对华南地区的深地震探测研究的总结和梳理, 探讨了华南大陆及其邻近海域的莫霍面变化情况, 结果表明: 华南大陆莫霍面形态变化较大, 总体变化趋势是由西部向东部呈逐渐抬升; 华南大陆最深的莫霍面出现在攀西地区北缘, 最浅的莫霍面出现在衢州盆地, 两者差35 km; 华南地区周缘断裂均存在莫霍面错断; 华南加里东造山带莫霍面深度浅于台湾造山带; 东海边缘海与南海北缘地壳厚度明显不同。这些特征可能指示了不同区域所经历的岩石圈及地壳演化过程不同, 其中攀西地区的莫霍面较厚可能同青藏高原物质东流有关, 华南造山带的地壳减薄缘于后期遭受的伸展作用, 东海及南海的莫霍面深度反映了两者处于不同的陆缘位置, 前者为活动大陆边缘, 后者为被动大陆边缘。  相似文献   

5.
青藏高原东缘地壳上地幔结构及其动力学意义   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
张忠杰  陈赘  田小波 《地质科学》2009,44(4):1136-1150
本文综述了我们在青藏高原东缘实施的垂直切过龙门山断裂带宽频带地震探测的研究成果,揭示了研究区复杂的地壳上地幔结构,结果表明松潘-甘孜地块与四川盆地西缘莫霍面深度为58 km与40 km±,在龙门山断裂带下方存在约15 km的莫霍面错断; 松潘-甘孜与龙门山断裂带域地壳纵横波速度比Vp/Vs比值远大于173,预示着粘性下地壳流或基性/超基性物质的存在。探讨了研究区强烈的盆山之间以及深部不同层圈之间的相互作用,推断四川盆地对青藏高原东缘软流圈驱动的物质东向逃逸阻挡作用可能深达整个上地幔。  相似文献   

6.
莫霍面是地球内部的最明显的两个一级速度间断面之一,也是地球内部最接近地球表面的全球性分界面,与人类的生存环境关系最为密切,也是最有可能与地表观察的结果相联系。自从莫霍面被发现之后, 在全球性或区域性研究上都备受关注,对其界面性质的确定经过了近一个世纪,相变界面还是化学界面,仍处于争论之中。莫霍面的埋藏深度及其性质的横向不一致,在全球尺度上显示得很明显,大体与地表所见的陆—洋分布相关。本文综述了莫霍面的性质、岩石学特征、地球化学元素分布及其热力学、动力学特征,并讨论了莫霍面与找矿的关系。  相似文献   

7.
钻遇莫霍面是人类一直以来的梦想。深海海底是地球上离莫霍面最近的地方,目前有研究推测南海是世界上莫霍面深度最浅的海域之一,但缺乏足够的直接证据。深反射地震探测可以直接揭示岩石圈的构造形态,是莫霍面探测的重要手段。本文基于长达15000 km的深反射多道地震剖面的解释、处理、制图和分析,结合前人的研究,形成了南海海盆区莫霍面反射特征和空间分布的初步认识。① 南海东部次海盆南部早期经历了较快速扩张,岩浆供应充足,受扩张停止后岩浆活动影响较小,基底平坦,地质构造相对简单,同时洋壳地震速度结构不存在异常,且有较强的广角莫霍面反射波和可识别的地幔顶部折射波,具备莫霍面钻探的基本条件。② 南海海盆不同区域的莫霍面反射强度存在较大差异。其中东部次海盆莫霍面反射最为强烈且清晰,西北次海盆次之,西南次海盆仅有零星出现的清晰莫霍面反射且可信度不高。③ 识别南海海盆区莫霍面地震反射长度超过3500 km,首次形成了海盆区深度域莫霍面地震反射空间分布图。与重力反演的莫霍面深度相比,利用深反射多道地震计算的莫霍面深度细节更为丰富,并且可以在垂向上清晰刻画莫霍面的结构。整体上,南海海盆区莫霍面地震反射强烈和可信度高的区域中,深度较浅的区域之一是东部次海盆南部,最浅处仅约9. 5 km,其中水深4. 01 km,洋壳厚度仅5. 54 km。综合判断,东部次海盆南部是南海重要的莫霍面钻探备选区,这对南海莫霍面钻探选址具有重要意义。  相似文献   

8.
深地震探测揭示的西北地区莫霍面深度   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
从20世纪70年代以来, 在我国西北地区进行了大量的深地震探测研究。本文通过对西北地区的深地震探测研究的总结和梳理, 探讨了西北地区的莫霍面深度与变化及其地球动力学意义。结果表明: 比起我国其他地区, 西北地区莫霍面无论是埋深还是形态均变化最大, 反映出受印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞远程效应影响, 西北地区地壳整体变形强烈。莫霍面最深(约90 km)位于西昆仑与喀喇昆仑构造结合处, 最浅处位于准噶尔盆地西缘的克拉玛依(约35.5 km), 最深与最浅相差约55 km。在盆山结合部位及大型走滑断裂, 如阿尔金断裂、中天山北缘断裂带等均存在莫霍面错断。天山造山带东西段莫霍面深度变化明显, 西段深于东段。这些特征指示了中国西北部盆山之间的构造关系、天山造山带西段和东段不同的深部动力学机制以及古老断裂带的活化。  相似文献   

9.
莫霍面地震反射图像揭露出扬子陆块深俯冲过程   总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21  
近垂直深地震反射剖面对莫霍面变化的观测 ,强有力地说明大陆莫霍面的复杂特征记录了岩石圈的构造历史。横过大别山造山带前陆的深地震反射剖面长约 1 4 0km ,记录时间达 3 0s ,探测深度超过莫霍面深达岩石圈地幔。深地震反射剖面揭示出扬子陆块与大别山造山带结合部位的岩石圈精细结构、清晰的莫霍面及其变化特征。作为相关解释的第一步 ,我们将探测到的莫霍面变化特征与其他特殊反映不同地质年代和岩石圈构造历史的深地震反射剖面进行对比 ,以追索扬子陆块与大别山造山带的岩石圈构造过程。总体北倾的莫霍面和同样北倾的下地壳结构记录了中生代扬子陆块的向北俯冲。北倾的莫霍面错断、叠置现象描述出扬子陆块的俯冲过程。大别山前向北和向南倾斜的交叉反射图像 ,反映了扬子陆块与大别山造山带岩石圈尺度的碰撞关系  相似文献   

10.
本文利用在鄂尔多斯东南缘地区宽频带流动地震台阵记录的远震数据,提取各台站的接收函数,并利用相位加权方 法进行单台多震叠加、H -κ叠加以及共转换点叠加,获得了研究区莫霍过渡带的深度及其变化趋势。研究结果显示,莫霍的 深度由鄂尔多斯块体往东南方向逐渐变浅,在不同区域莫霍具有不同的特征:鄂尔多斯的莫霍深度在42~38 km;渭河-山 西地堑的莫霍出现约3 km的上隆;熊耳-伏牛山的莫霍深度在35~33 km;河淮盆地的莫霍形态比较复杂。相位加权叠加方 法能有效地压制相关性不好的噪音,在部分受噪音及沉积层多次波干扰的台站记录中,对突出莫霍的转换波Ps震相有很大 的帮助。  相似文献   

11.
In this paper we expand over the whole of central Greece, the Moho map centered on the Gulf of Corinth from tomographic inversion of PmP traveltime profile data recorded by several tens of temporary stations. Our approach is based on Pn, Moho refracted waves, from a large regional earthquake recorded by both temporary stations and the permanent Hellenic network. The Moho map shows the large Moho depth under the Hellenides belt. It also highlights the shallower Moho domain towards the Aegean Sea south and east of the Corinth Gulf. The domain of shallow Moho is limited along a NE–SW prolongation ahead of the North Anatolian Fault, from the North Aegean Trough to the western tip of the Gulf of Corinth towards the Gulf of Patras. The Pn time-terms provide corrections for the permanent stations that can be used together with the 1D velocity–depth model for a first-order compensation of lateral heterogeneity and contribute to the accurate and fast location of earthquake hypocenters. As a test we relocated the 1995 Aigion earthquake in this way, using only the sparse data of the permanent stations. Hypocentral coordinates then shift close to those derived by a dedicated dense array deployed after the earthquake, implying improvement of the routine location.  相似文献   

12.
We use teleseismic body waveforms to explore S-wave layered velocity structures beneath 30 portable digital seismic stations deployed around western Yunnan Province. Results show that the Moho depth in this region is ∼40 km and decreases in general from north to south, consistent with previous geophysical studies. Associated with this lateral variation of the Moho depth, the lower crust above the Moho discontinuity has a 15–25 km thick zone with an S-wave velocity lower than that of the upper crust. This lower velocity zone might be interpreted as a lower crust weak channel, which may mechanically partially decouple the upper-crust deformation from the underlying mantle. Thus, the inverted S-wave velocity structure could provide new evidence for the lateral flow of lower crust in the build-up of the south-eastern Tibetan plateau.  相似文献   

13.
利用天然地震震相探讨阿尔金地区地壳结构   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
薛光琦 《地质论评》1999,45(2):120-124
本文利用阿尔金地区的宽频地震数据,对布设在该区的10个宽频地震台站用接收函数方法进行了速度结构反演,反演的初步结果发现,若至花土沟剖面在20km深度处有一条厚度达5~10km的低速带断续出现,莫霍界面呈台阶状展布,北部浅,南部深;塔里木盆地南缘的地壳厚度为40~42km左右;在阿尔金南,北缘断裂两侧台站下方莫霍深度的错断约6.5~8km,在柴达木盆地北缘,莫霍面的深度达50km以上,S波速为4.5  相似文献   

14.
田甜  张景发  姜文亮  赵亚博 《地质学报》2017,91(9):1905-1924
延边地区位于多个微板块的结合部位,区内发育长白山活动火山群,地震活动频繁。本文通过重磁小波多尺度分解与莫霍面、居里面深度反演分析,研究延边地区的微板块地壳结构特征。其中敦化-密山断裂以东的胶辽地块地壳厚度最大,约38~40km,兴凯地块则最小,约34~36km,敦化-密山断裂以西的松嫩地块地壳厚度变化平缓,约36~37km;NE向敦化-密山断裂为延边地区的一级断裂,切穿莫霍面,为松嫩地块的东侧边界;NW向展布的富尔河-红旗河断裂、秋梨沟老头沟断裂与汪清-敬信断裂则属于胶辽地块与兴凯地块之间的缝合带,控制居里面分区及形态,而居里面隆起区及其边缘则多分布火山口,表明居里面的局部隆起与岩浆活动关系密切。  相似文献   

15.
Clear S-to-P converted waves from the crust–mantle boundary (Moho) and lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB) have been observed on the eastern part of the Dead Sea Basin (DSB), and are used for the determination of the depth of the Moho and the LAB. A temporary network consisting of 18 seismic broad-band stations was operated in the DSB region as part of the DEad Sea Integrated REsearch project for 1.5 years beginning in September 2006. The obtained Moho depth (~35 km) from S-to-P receiver functions agrees well with the results from P-to-S receiver functions and other geophysical data. The thickness of the lithosphere on the eastern part of the DSB is about 75 km. The results obtained here support and confirm previous studies, based on xenolith data, geodynamic modeling, heat flow observations, and S-to-P receiver functions. Therefore, the lithosphere on the eastern part of the DSB and along Wadi Araba has been thinned in the Late Cenozoic, following rifting and spreading of the Red Sea. The thinning of the lithosphere occurred without a concomitant change in the crustal thickness and thus an upwelling of the asthenosphere in the study area is invoked as the cause of the lithosphere thinning.  相似文献   

16.
川滇地区重力场特征与地壳变形研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
对川滇地区重力场特征进行了研究,获得了研究区内地壳厚度分布及变形特征。总体上,研究区内地壳厚度从西北向东南逐渐减小。川滇菱形块体中内部出现了广泛的地壳增厚现象,并可能一直延伸至菱形块体的最南端。丽江-小金河断裂带在重力场特征上表现为龙门山断裂带向西南的延伸,其东侧主体构造走向等特征与扬子地块一致,推测丽江-小金河断裂带与龙门山断裂、红河断裂带一起构成了扬子地块的西边界。滇西地区布格重力一阶导数与现今地壳变形格局总体一致,主体构造方向为北北西-近南北向,代表了“新”构造主体构造线的方向;上延至45km后,主体构造上转变为以近东西向为主。  相似文献   

17.
The seismic data incorporated in global Moho models are sparse and therefore the interpolation of global Moho depths on a local area may give unrealistic results, especially in regions without adequate seismic information. Gravity inversion is a useful tool that can be used to determine Moho depths in the mentioned regions. This paper describes an interactive way of local Moho depth determination using the gravity inversion method constrained with available seismic data. Before applying inversion algorithms, the Bouguer gravity data is filtered in various stages that reduce the potential bias usually expected in Moho depth determination using gravity methods with constant density contrast assumption. A test area with reliable seismic data is used to validate the results of Moho computation, and subsequently the same computation procedure is applied to the Sri Lankan region. The results of the test area are in better agreement with seismically determined Moho depths than those obtained by global Moho models. In the Sri Lankan region, Moho determination reveals a fairly uniform thin crust of average thickness around 20 km. The overall result suggests that our gravity inversion method is robust and may be suitable for local Moho determination in virgin regions, especially those without sufficient seismic data.  相似文献   

18.
We studied the 3D velocity structure of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the Baikal region using tomographic inversion of ∼25,000 P and S arrivals from more than 1200 events recorded by 86 stations of three local seismological networks. Simultaneous iterative inversion with a new source location algorithm yielded 3D images of P and S velocity anomalies in the crust and upper mantle, a 2D model of Moho depths, and corrections to source coordinates and origin times. The resolving power of the algorithm, its stability against variations in the starting model, and the reliability of the final results were checked in several tests. The 3D velocity structure shows a well-pronounced low-velocity zone in the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the southwestern flank of the Baikal rift which matches the area of Cenozoic volcanism and a high velocity zone beneath the Siberian craton. The Moho depth pattern fits the surface tectonic elements with thinner crust along Lake Baikal and under the Busiyngol and Tunka basins and thicker crust beneath the East Sayan and Transbaikalian mountains and under the Primorsky ridge on the southern craton border.  相似文献   

19.
Based on gravity data processed with the matched filter, depth continuation and horizontal gradient we obtained the spatial distribution of the gravity field and made analyses of the tectonic framework of South China. Then, inversion was conducted for the depth to study the depth variation of the boundary between the crust and upper mantle, namely the Mohorovicic discontinuity (Moho). The results demonstrate that the Moho depth in South China ranges from 30 to 40 km, and the crust thins from west to east, 27-29 km under the continent margin and shallow sea. We think it possible that the Tanlu fault crosses the Yangtze River and extends southwards along the Ganjiang and Wuchuan-Sihui faults to the South China Sea, and that there is an E-W hidden structural belt along 24.5°-26°.  相似文献   

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