共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
中温UBF与UASB两相厌氧系统处理垃圾渗滤液的实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对石碑岭垃圾场渗滤液水质特性,采用以高效生物陶粒为填料的UBF反应器作酸化相,以UASB反应器作甲烷相的两相厌氧系统进行了处理垃圾渗滤液的实验研究.实验结果表明:在系统进水CODCr和BOD5质量浓度分别为3 887 mg/L和819 mg/L,UBF与UASB的HRT分别控制在10.3 h和61.7 h时,CODCr和BOD5总去除率分别为85.4%和90.1%,UBF酸化率达42.9%,BOD5/CODCr比值由0.21提高到0.39. 相似文献
2.
垃圾填埋场渗滤液水质复杂,危害性大,对其无害化处理尚未得到很好解决。研究发现,垃圾渗滤液中有机污染物可标识划分为亲水性和疏水性两大类物质。实验针对性采用亲水的天然膨润土处理亲水性有机物,疏水的有机膨润土处理疏水性有机物,再结合鸟粪石结晶法去除氨氮,从而获得一套处理中晚期垃圾渗滤液的经济高效的矿物法组合处理技术。采用GC-MS技术鉴定经矿物法处理后的垃圾渗滤液,亲水性和疏水性有机污染物的种类和含量都明显降低。检测进水与出水的COD、氨氮及重金属浓度这三项关键指标,垃圾渗滤液原液COD为2566 mg/L,氨氮3859 mg/L,重金属Hg为0.305 mg/L。矿物法组合处理后出水的COD为245mg/L,氨氮48 mg/L,重金属Hg未检出。矿物组合法为垃圾渗滤液的无害化处理提供了一条新的思路。 相似文献
3.
镍钛改性膨润土对铬的吸附性能研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以钠基膨润土为原料,制备镍钛交联改性膨润土、镍钛有机复合改性膨润土,并应用于含铬模拟废水的处理。探讨了改性膨润土的用量、pH值、吸附时间等最佳使用条件,比较了原土、交联改性土、有机复合改性土对铬的吸附效果。结果表明改性土的吸附效果明显优于原土,在最佳实验条件下,交联改性土、有机复合改性土对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率分别达到了87%和96%。两种改性土对铬吸附行为均符合Langmuir吸附等温方程,饱和吸附量和Lang-muir常数分别为3.1827mg/g、8.5543mg/g和3.5007、1.2738。 相似文献
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常规生化处理很难使垃圾渗滤液达到市政污水纳管排放标准,或无法稳定排放,必须进行深度处理。本文探索了微波诱导催化用于渗滤液的深度处理,以铁层柱蒙脱石作催化剂,微波辐照下深度处理垃圾渗滤液。结果表明,对初始COD浓度为1100~1300 mg/L的垃圾渗滤液,以铁层柱蒙脱石作为催化剂,在微波功率600 W,辐照时间30 s条件下,经微波诱导催化处理后,COD去除率达到39%。铁层柱蒙脱石催化剂以"卡房"型介孔结构为主,均匀的介孔结构有利于微波诱导催化。 相似文献
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将混入污染物和杂质的地热尾水直接排向地表水体,会造成水、土环境污染,也会造成水资源的浪费。为高效减少地热尾水中污染物,实现供暖地热尾水的无害化排放,以林甸县花园镇供暖地热尾水为例,通过混凝沉淀、超滤、纳滤工艺开展供暖尾水处理的室内实验和中试试验研究,连续监测获取地热尾水各处理工艺运行参数,组合工艺稳定运行期间监测到溶解性总固体浓度由5 824.7 mg/L降为432.40 mg/L、氯化物浓度由3 010.13 mg/L降为194.16 mg/L、氟化物浓度由1.57 mg/L降为0.31 mg/L、硼浓度由4.04 mg/L降为1.62 mg/L。确定该区地热尾水处理的最佳组合工艺为采用超滤运行压力为0.1 MPa,纳滤膜为陶氏NF90,操作压力为0.60 MPa,进水量为0.8 m3/h。室内实验溶解性总固体去除率90.21%～92.49%,氯化物去除率91.63%～93.02%,氟化物去除率96.81%,硼去除率55.20%～55.69%。中试试验溶解性总固体去除率为92.62%;氯化物浓度200 mg/L,氯化物去除率为92.57%;硼浓度1.77 mg/L,硼去除率为55.7%,以上实验结果均达到相关规范标准。试验证明本工艺处理松嫩盆地北部林甸地热田供暖尾水是可行的,解决了供暖尾水处理中资源浪费和尾水回收利用的技术性问题,为地热资源可持续利用提供了新的途径。 相似文献
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玉米淀粉废水回收及处理研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
采用调节等电位点—超过滤组合技术对玉米淀粉废水的资源回收和处理进行研究,确定了最佳工艺参数。结果表明通过调节等电位点,可回收粗蛋白用作家禽饲料,同时废水中的CODcr、TSS和BOD5去除率分别可达48.8%、49.6%和27.2%以上,减轻了后续超过滤处理压力;通过超过滤进一步处理,出水COD、TSS和BOD去除率分别达91.3%、92.5%和95.1%。 相似文献
8.
鸟粪石结晶法预处理垃圾渗滤液中高浓度氨氮的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用鸟粪石结晶法预处理垃圾渗滤液中的高浓度氨氮,通过单因素实验和正交实验探讨了pH值、添加剂种类、添加剂比例、反应时间4个因素对氨氮去除率的影响,结合反应过程中的经济成本得出鸟粪石结晶法最佳工艺条件为:pH=9,添加剂为MgC12·6H2O和Na2HPO4·12H2O,n(Mg2+):n(NH4+):n(PO43-)=1:1:1,反应时间15min,氨氮去除率达到90.13%,剩余氨氮在300mg/L以下。通过XRD和ESEM分析,沉淀产物为鸟粪石。实验表明鸟粪石结晶法可以有效去除垃圾渗滤液中的高浓度氨氮,为后续使用生物法处理提供条件,也可以弥补矿物吸附法去除氨氮的不足。可将其与生物法、矿物吸附法等方法组合使用,综合处理垃圾渗滤液。 相似文献
9.
《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,(Z1)
酸性矿山排水一直是难以处理的矿山环境问题之一。课题组前期研究表明,硫酸盐矿物和铁氧化物矿物能够促进垃圾渗滤液中有机物的降解。而硫铁矿的酸性矿山排水中既含有大量的硫酸盐也还有较高浓度的铁离子,因此,我们进一步研究了将酸性矿山排水和垃圾渗滤液混合后进行厌氧处理的效果,并通过小瓶实验优化得到在m(COD)/m(SO2-4)为3的配比下,将酸性矿山排水与垃圾渗滤液进行混合调节后处理,调节废水中的COD、硫酸根以及其他金属离子都可以得到较好的去除效果。因此,本文采用工作体积为4 L的连续运行反应器,长期考察将酸性矿山排水和垃圾渗滤液混合后进行厌氧消化的效果。在连续运行实验中,参照小瓶实验结果,按照m(COD)/m(SO2-4)为3的配比,将酸性矿山排水与垃圾渗滤液混合,之后用NaO H溶液调节混合液的p H,得到p H为7.5左右的调节废水,调节废水中COD、硫酸盐浓度分别约为7 500 mg/L和2 500 mg/L。将调节废水加入反应器,鼓氩气,不接种其他微生物,维持厌氧运行,水力停留时间和温度分别为20 d和35℃。厌氧反应器稳定运行一年后,反应器出水中的COD和硫酸盐浓度分别约为800 mg/L和500 mg/L,调节废水中COD和硫酸根的去除率分别达到90%和80%,Fe、Mn、Ca、Zn等重金属离子的去除率均在80%~90%。微生物群落分析的结果表明,种群上占优势的微生物主要有硫酸盐还原菌、产酸菌、产甲烷菌与铁还原菌等厌氧微生物。硫酸盐还原菌是能够适应苛刻环境的微生物,在厌氧条件下,硫酸盐还原菌利用混合废水中的有机质还原硫酸盐生成单质硫和S2-,而生成的S2-可以用于还原三价铁离子,并同时与调节废水中的重金属离子生成金属硫化物沉淀,从而实现单质硫、硫离子和重金属离子的去除,亦解除了游离的S2-对微生物的毒性作用。此外,铁还原菌也能够将三价铁还原成Fe2+,Fe2+能提高硫酸盐还原菌、产酸菌等厌氧微生物的活性。本文的研究结果表明,将酸性矿山排水和垃圾渗滤液混合后进行厌氧消化,能够同时高效处理两种废水,达到以废治废目的,具有一定的实际应用价值。另一方面,由于垃圾渗滤液的可生化性较差,而本实验中调节废水的COD去除率高达90%,这说明垃圾渗滤液中的一些难降解物质也被分解转化,因此,酸性矿山排水与垃圾渗滤液混合厌氧消化过程中涉及的具体机制还需要进一步进行深入的研究。 相似文献
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采用多阶段水解 -好氧串联工艺处理高浓度玉米淀粉废水。试验结果表明 :①废水经多阶段水解 -好氧工艺的水解段H1后 ,废水的 ρ(BOD5) /ρ(CODCr)从 0 .90提高到 0 .95 ;废水经水解段H2 后 ,废水的 ρ(BOD5) /ρ(CODCr)从 0 .81提高到 0 .97,说明水解段具有提高废水可生化性的功能。②在总水力停留时间 (HRT)为 6 0h、进水pH为 5 .9～ 6 .0 8和进水 ρ(CODCr)、ρ(BOD5)、ρ(NH+ 4)平均分别为 82 0 5mg/L、7395mg/L、16 0 .0mg/L的情况下 ,CODCr、BOD5和NH+ 4去除率分别达97.7%、99.1%和 88.1% ,出水水质达到或接近国家污水排放二级标准 (GB8978- 96 )。③各处理单元对CODCr、NH+ 4去除效果各不相同。 相似文献
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文章研究了pH值、改性剂用量和改性时间对聚合氯化铝改性膨润土去除水溶液中Cr^6＋效率的影响。实验结果表明：（1）在不同pH值条件下改性得到的聚合氯化铝改性膨润土对水溶液中Cr^6＋的去除效果明显不同。在80℃反应5 h制得的聚合氯化铝改性膨润土,在pH值=7的中性条件下改性得到的改性膨润土对水溶液中Cr^6＋（取0.5g聚合氯化铝改性膨润土处理5mg/L重铬酸钾溶液100ml）的去除率达到最大值（98.35%）。（2）改性剂用量对聚合氯化铝改性膨润土去除水溶液中Cr^6＋影响很大。当pH值=7,在80℃反应5 h的条件下改性膨润土,改性剂聚合氯化铝选用13mmol/g膨润土为宜。（3）改性时间对聚合氯化铝改性信阳膨润土去除Cr^6＋有一定的影响。当改性剂的用量为15mmol/g,pH值=9,反应温度为80℃条件下,最佳改性反应时间是4 h。 相似文献
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Deterioration of groundwater quality in the vicinity of an active open-tipping site in West Malaysia 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Bahaa-eldin E. A. Rahim I. Yusoff A. R. Samsudin W. Z. W. Yaacob A. G. M. Rafek 《Hydrogeology Journal》2010,18(4):997-1006
There is an urgent need for characterization of leachate arising from waste disposal to ensure a corresponding effective leachate management policy. Field and laboratory studies have been carried out to investigate the impact of municipal landfill leachate on the underlying groundwater at a site in West Malaysia. The solid waste was disposed of directly onto an unprotected natural soil formation. This situation was made worse by the shallow water table. The hydrochemical composition of groundwater in the vicinity of the site (background) is a dilute mixed cation, bicarbonate water. The high ionic balance error of ~13.5% reveals that the groundwater body underneath the site was a highly contaminated leachate rather than contaminated groundwater. Elevated concentration of chloride (355.48 mg/L), nitrate (10.40 mg/L as NO3), nitrite (14.59 mg/L), ammoniacal-N (11.61 mg/L), sodium (227.56 mg/L), iron (0.97 mg/L), and lead (0.32 mg/L) measured downgradient indicate that the contamination plume has migrated further away from the site. In most cases, the concentration of these contamination indicators, together with the ranges of sodium percentage (66.3–89.9%) and sodium adsorption ratio (10.1–19.7%), were found to be considerably higher than the limit values of safe water for both domestic and irrigation purposes, respectively. 相似文献
14.
J. Saetang S. Babel 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2009,6(3):457-466
This study focuses on treatment of landfill leachate in column experiments by immobilized Trametes versicolor on polyurethane foam, collected from Nonthaburi landfill site, Thailand. In this study, glucose was used as a co-substrate. The effect of biomass growth on color removal was observed by immobilizing fungi on polyurethane foam. The same immobilized fungi were used for four cycles of 5 days each to find the reuse of fungi. Leachate was diluted to see the effect of organic loading on color removal. At optimum pH of 4 and in 20 days with 3 g/L of glucose, the fungi could decolorize 78 % and 63 % for 5-times dilution and concentrated leachate, respectively, using immobilized fungi after 4 days initial growth. Fungi could also reduce biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand of 52 % and 42 % (with initial biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand of 48,900 and 96,512 mg/L), respectively, with glucose 3 g/L in concentrate leachate and with 4 days initial immobilization of fungi on polyurethane foam. About 1–6% higher color removal was observed on day 20 with 15 days fungi immobilization initially as compared to 4 days immobilization. Higher removal efficiency was observed for the same leachate after dilution due to reduction in organic loading. Addition of co-substrate enhances significantly removal of color, biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand. Chemical oxygen demand removal reached to 0.6 mg/mg of biomass with the co-substrate. Therefore, white rot fungi can be considered as potentially useful microorganisms in landfill leachate treatment. 相似文献
15.
This paper studies a landfill where there are three faults running through. As serious pollution has occurred to the geological environment, the landfill is to be closed up and renovated. The paper aims to explore the role of fracture structure in leachate pollution at the landfill. The research was carried out in several stages. First, mathematical models of the pre-renovation landfill with three faults running through and the landfill after renovation were established. And then, the boundary conditions and parameters of the two mathematical models were determined. The groundwater level of the landfills was simulated in order to modify the two mathematical models. As a result, a feasible mathematical model was achieved. Based on this model, a comparison was made of the COD concentration variations in the inside leachate and outside leachate between the two landfills. Accordingly, the impacts of the fracture structure on the pollution of leachate at the landfills could be identified. The study results show that while faults contribute to the migration of ieachate, they also serve as a confluence of leachate, thus further deteriorating the environment. The COD concentrations of the inside leachate and the outside leachate of the pre-renovation landfill are respectively 800 mg/L and 220 mg/L higher than those of the post-renovation landfill. Therefore, measures must be taken to handle the ieachate seepage in areas where there are faults as well as the neighboring areas so as to get the environmental pollution under control. 相似文献
16.
This paper studies a landfill where there are three faults running through.As serious pollution has occurred to the geological environment,the landfill is to be closed up and renovated.The paper aims to explore the role of fracture structure in leachate pollution at the landfill.The research was carried out in several stages.First,mathematical models of the pre-renovation landfill with three faults running through and the landfill after renovation were established.And then,the boundary conditions and parameters of the two mathematical models were determined.The groundwater level of the landfills was simulated in order to modify the two mathematical models.As a result,a feasible mathematical model was achieved.Based on this model,a comparison was made of the COD concentration variations in the inside leachate and outside leachate between the two landfills. Accordingly,the impacts of the fracture structure on the pollution of leachate at the landfills could be identified.The study results show that while faults contribute to the migration of leachate,they also serve as a confluence of leachate,thus further deteriorating the environment.The COD concentrations of the inside leachate and the outside leacbate of the pre-renovation landfill are respectively 800 mg/L and 220 mg/L higher than those of the post.renovation landfill.Therefore,measures must be taken to handle the leachate seepage in areas where there are faults as well as the neighboring areas so as to get the environmental pollution under control. 相似文献
17.
室内采用柔性壁渗透仪实测了膨润土改性黄土的渗透性能,分别在控制渗透时间、围压和渗透压等条件下探究了各自对改性黄土渗透系数的影响。研究表明,试验初期试样的渗透系数在同一数量级上有较大波动,随着持续时间增加渗透系数趋于稳定,稳定后几乎不随时间发生变化,增大围压和渗透压都可以引起改性黄土渗透系数在同一数量级上降低。因此,在填埋场设计时可以通过预测防渗衬里的围压和渗透压来预留渗透系数的安全储备。 相似文献
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Kerman province, located in the south eastern Iran, is dominated with clays which can be used in different projects. The liner system within a landfill is constructed to control leachate migration and can be constructed by low permeable natural soils or plastic lining materials, environmentally however, natural materials is preferred that usually need to be amended in order to meet requirements recommended by environmental agencies. This research examines the possibility of using the Kerman collapsible clay as a liner layer material. A set of laboratory test was conducted on pure soil samples and additive treated samples. The moderate collapse potential of the used soil is decreased with wet compaction and under the effect of additive-soil reactions. Laboratory investigations showed that lime and bentonite treatment improved the hydraulic conductivity. The results revealed hydraulic conductivities on the order of 10?8 m/s. The obtained values met the 1.0E?07 m/s criterion required by Iranian standards. Unconfined compression tests were also performed on pure soil and additive amended samples. The unconfined compression strength values demonstrated gradual decreases with the addition of bentonite and considerable increases with adding lime such that with adding 1% lime the unconfined compression strength increased by 75%. This study verified that the Kerman collapsing clay can be used as a liner material using lime and bentonite as additives. 相似文献