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1.
Cumming Gabriel Campbell Lisa Norwood Carla Ranger Sue Richardson Peter Sanghera Amdeep 《GeoJournal》2021,87(2):209-221
Stakeholders in natural resource management decisions are also multifaceted individuals and members of communities; as such, they bring complex histories, experiences, values, aspirations, and relationships to public participation processes. When these processes fail to take this social context into account, multiple problems can result, including a perceived lack of process trustworthiness; perceived focus on issues that seem immaterial or irrelevant; failure to equitably represent and take account of diverse voices; and failure to engage participants in productive dialogue. In this article we evaluate the Community Voice Method (CVM) as a way of addressing those problems by better situating public participation in place. CVM is a mixed-method approach to public participation in which stakeholders are interviewed and the interview data is presented through a film, which is then screened at public meetings to catalyze dialogue. We draw on 14 years of CVM projects addressing natural resource management issues in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Caribbean. Through an overview of nine projects and their results, and more in-depth consideration of three, we elucidate how this method fosters trustworthy, relevant, representative, and productive public participation that has resulted in community capacity-building, institutional capacity-building, and stakeholder-guided policymaking.
相似文献2.
Environmental planning is an arena of policy making in which formal public deliberation is among the most extensive. At the same time, environmental disputes can also be among the most resistant to resolution, often becoming entangled in issues that some describe as “intangible”. The discourse is largely structured by regulatory frameworks, such as environmental impact assessment laws and procedures, which focus primarily on operational rights (what one can or cannot do where and when) and tangible impacts on the physical or natural environment. A comparative case study of mariculture in Hawai‘i reveals that a large measure of public concerns focused on collective choice rights (who has a right to make which decisions on behalf of whom) and the more intangible impacts to the social or cultural environment. These concerns are often nested in a historic context that has implications for the social processes that they create. The findings from this study imply a need for more structured or systematic ways to deliberate issues of collective choice rights alongside operational rights within the larger process of environmental planning. 相似文献
3.
Abdul-llah Abu-Ayyash Dr. 《GeoJournal》1986,12(3):243-253
The demand for urban public transport services in Kuwait emerged as a direct result of rising immigrating labour in the Country which witnessed sudden oil wealth in early 1950s. The main objective of this paper is to discuss and to evaluate the most relevant issues associated with the introduction and the development of the public transport system. Kuwait Transport Company (KTC) is considered the backbone of such a system. The company has recently changed its name to Public Transport Co (PTC). The paper also addresses three major issues: 1) The need and the demand for public passengers services; 2) Indicators of public transport growth and development; 3) The need for ambitious public transport policies and strategies in the light of the recommendations proposed by the studies associated with Kuwait Master Plans. 相似文献
4.
Despite the increasing public profile of same-sex issues, health policies are often shaped by heteronormative assumptions.
The health concerns of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual/transgender, two-spirit, intersex, queer and questioning (LGBTTTIQQ)
people are complex and require broadening from an often exclusively sexual health and risk focus to a more holistic approach.
In this context, this paper illustrates how a critical feminist geography of health, with its focus on the mutual construction
of gender relations, space and place, potentially enhances and extends current understandings of public health policy and
practice. Moreover, the use of a policy lens foregrounding gender and other power relations suggests that feminist research
and coalitions facilitate participatory processes that address “the politics of discourse.” In particular, public health nursing
practice can enhance the construction of spaces of resistance that challenge heteronormative discourse through research strategies
focused on sexual minority communities’ health experiences and their visions for supportive care. In this respect, two strategies
consistent with public health priorities to increase knowledge and participate in alliances are described. Ethnographic research
with childbearing lesbians demonstrates that attention to institutional dynamics that foster safe spaces can facilitate access
to public health services. Public health nurses’ involvement in community coalitions can enhance dissemination of community
knowledges. The implications for gender inclusive and place-sensitive public health nursing practice include the development
of sensitive educators, meaningful educational curriculum and related program planning, explicit policies, community partnerships
and political leadership in institutional and research venues. 相似文献
5.
D.R. Diamond 《Geoforum》1984,15(1):33-38
This paper notes the recent growth of public policy evaluation studies and pays particular attention to those policies with avowed spatial objectives. It seeks to establish the general nature of these diverse studies and their relationship to geographical analysis. A case study examining the evaluation of regional policy in the U.K. is used to demonstrate the nature of the issues in public policy evaluation and to explore the role of geography in the rapidly growing domain, known most commonly as ‘policy analysis’. 相似文献
6.
《Geoforum》2016
Legal processes shape how water resources are allocated, regulated, distributed, and governed. This paper examines the public trust doctrine, a legal principle that addresses the state’s role in governing natural resources by requiring states to manage certain bodies of water and their shorelines for the good of the public. The paper focuses on how the public trust doctrine has been used—with varying degrees of success—to protect water bodies by contesting the diversion and transfer of water in California. The paper compares how the doctrine was applied in two cases: Mono Lake and the Salton Sea, two California lakes that have been threatened by water diversions and transfers. Advocates at Mono Lake successfully used the public trust doctrine for environmental protection, while public trust was an unsuccessful strategy at the Salton Sea. The paper examines issues of nonequilibrium ecosystems, natural versus artificial ecosystems, and wasteful versus reasonable uses of water.By investigating why one case was deemed eligible for public trust protections while the other was not, this paper examines how discursive constructions of nature are embedded in and enacted by legal institutions and how these constructions of nature impact the implementation of legal protections of natural resources. In examining the use of the public trust doctrine in California, the paper examines both the potential and the limitations of the public trust in practice, showing how legal processes and institutions can be used to protect public interests in natural resources but also how particular environmental narratives are reinforced through these institutions. 相似文献
7.
从国库集中收付改革的内容、要求,地质勘查单位的现状出发,探讨了国库集中收付改革与深化地质勘查单位改革之间存在的问题,指出国库集中收付制度虽然能够使事业单位的财政收支得到有效监管,但因地质勘查单位具有事业与企业的双重职能,现行的国库集中收付制度不利于地勘单位的深化改革。为有效解决这一矛盾．提出了在国库单一账户体系外,建立地质勘查单位改革性基本账户的建议。 相似文献
8.
Jennifer S. Evans-Cowley 《GeoJournal》2010,75(5):407-420
There has been rapid growth in the use of online social networking sites, such as Facebook. The public is increasingly using these sites for organizing around place-based issues. This research examines the extent to which the public and planners are using social networking sites to organize the public around place-based planning issues. Using content analysis of social networking sites, place-based planning groups are identified and analyzed. The administrators for the groups were contacted to determine their goals and satisfaction with their groups’ work. Planning departments in the same communities were then contacted to determine the degree to which the social networking groups influenced the planning process. The results of this study found that the public primarily organizes to oppose development projects. While on average these groups attract hundreds of people, planners and group administrators report that there is minimal influence on the planning process. 相似文献
9.
L.Graham Smith 《Geoforum》1984,15(2):253-259
This paper critically reviews the current status of public participation in Canada. Postulating that public participation implies an open, democratic form of planning and policy making, the paper examines factors which have influenced the attainment of meaningful public input in practice. Public participation in Canada has evolved greatly in the past 15 years but several key issues remain unresolved: provisions for participation remain, in large part, discretionary; procedures for the funding of intervenors require further development; and the emphasis in many jurisdictions remains upon the operational level involvement of the lay public, with a public hearing as the final arbiter of public opinion. More attention to the formal evaluation of participatory exercises is essential to the resolution of these concerns. In particular, more attention should be given to the context within which participation occurs. Moreover, greater consideration should be given to public involvement at the normative and strategic levels of planning. The paper concludes by briefly exploring the implications for practice that the concept of ‘normative participation’ might have in Canada. 相似文献
10.
目前国有地勘单位已逐步形成的以事业为主体,以市场化经营为重要补充的发展模式,在新的发展模式下,需要有与之相适应的财务管理运行机制。本文浅析了在财务管理方面所存在的主要问题,并提出了完善财务管理运行机制的建议。 相似文献
11.
This paper contemplates the relationship between the discipline of geography, and the making of public policy. It is particularly
concerned with the compatibilities and incompatibilities of the nature of academic knowledge production and public policy
development. As such, we contribute to an ongoing debate among geographers regarding whether and how they should engage with
policy, and utilize examples from our involvement in the Metropolis Project, a Canadian initiative based on interdisciplinary research networks linked to government and public service agencies involved
in immigrant settlement. We argue ultimately that geographers do need to engage politically with policymaking, but that the
manner in which to do this is never straightforward, but rather takes place across institutional, ideological, and political
landscapes that are perpetually shifting. Finally we suggest some helpful tools from feminist methodologies with which to
approach policy-related issues. 相似文献
12.
Janice Monk 《GeoJournal》2006,65(4):249-261
Geographers increasingly advocate placing research in the public arena and the creation of work that is useful for public
policy makers. Existing literature indicates some approaches that have bearing on these goals, such as using participatory
action research, clarifying positionality, and attending to the nature of discourse. It does not, however, generally offer
empirical cases of addressing the goals being advocated. This article narrates an experience of a collaborative effort among
two institutes for research on women and a community funding agency as they created and disseminated research aiming to influence
public opinion and foster advocacy in support of policies to improve women’s lives. Among the issues addressed are the importance
of networking, of identifying effective partners, of adapting research to incorporate the priorities of stakeholders, and
of engaging the support of media professionals. It discusses barriers encountered, strategies adopted to address them, and
compromises in the process. 相似文献
13.
Leszek A. Kosiński 《Geoforum》1976,7(4):313-325
Urban growth and urbanization can be defined, measured and studied in a variety of ways but there is little doubt that the demographic dimension is of paramount importance for both the general public and interested scholars. It seem appropriate that this aspect should be given a particular attention during the symposium organized during the International Geographical Congress as well as a special publication resulting therefrom. The present assay attempts to discuss the demographic issues at a very high level of generalization. The basic data used were derived from the latest UN estimates. 相似文献
14.
Culture provides an important perspective to understand society. It is one of the key factors that impact how people behave themselves, interact with one another, view the world; what they believe and value. Therefore, a good understanding of public disaster awareness and disaster coping is impossible without taking their culture context into consideration. Since the 1960s, cultural dimension in disaster issues and/or disaster reduction practices has been attracting increasingly attention; many empirical or theoretical explorations have been reported. This review aims to give an overview of research progresses on how culture impacts public awareness and coping of disasters, and analyze the corresponding implications for disaster research and disaster reduction practice. This review summarizes that: ①There is unanimous consensus on public awareness and coping of disaster, which are affected by their culture context. While the knowledge about the ways and degree of impact is still limited, further research is warranted. In addition, more systematic and in-depth studies conducted from cross-cultural perspectives are needed to design to further explore the origins of variance in public disaster awareness and coping, and to what extent from cultural differences. ②Research on public awareness of disaster, emergency response and recovery indicated that culture might have double-side impacts on disaster management—sometimes cultural factors such as value, norm, custom and belief might lead to people more vulnerable than the others, even could be the root causes, but they could also be the source of people’s resilience to disaster in some cases. How to identify those positive and negative impacts, then develop cultural-oriented disaster management policy is a challenge issue, which need special attention. ③There is an increasing acknowledgement that local knowledge and disaster subculture could play an important role in public disaster coping, while the lacking of the awareness of the value of local knowledge, the change of lifestyle, and the impact from external culture pose a threat to the inheritance of some local, traditional disaster coping strategies. So exploring how to conserve, protect, identify, document them, then combine them with modern science and technology should and will be the focus of relevant studies. On the bases of these summarizations, in terms of cultural dimension of natural disaster research in China, systematic and in-depth studies are needed to explore how Chinese culture affects public disaster awareness and coping, what cultural resources can be used in disaster (risk) reduction and for building and enhancing disaster resilience, and how to use them. 相似文献
15.
土地储备是政府为筹集城市建设资金和加强宏观调控,主动进行的制度创新。上海土地储备制度在探索实践中完成了从＂市场主导＂模式向＂政府主导、市场运作＂模式的过渡,而全市开展的土地储备规划和计划编制则在引领城市发展、规范土地市场运作、提升土地调控能力方面发挥了重要作用。为加强土地储备制度落实,需在政策、资金、计划、市场、规划等方面进一步完善工作机制。 相似文献
16.
The liberalisation of agricultural markets is one of the most contested issues in international politics. Debates surrounding it counter-pose the moral imperative to dismantle protectionist agricultural subsidies in order to combat rural poverty in the South with fears for the livelihoods of marginal farmers and the environmental integrity of the countryside in the developed North. A largely European concern with defending the ‘multifunctionality’ of agriculture is dismissed by critics as a protectionist excuse for continued farm support. In this paper we seek to assess how far support for multifunctionality can be construed as a form of resistance to the neoliberal project for agriculture. The paper begins with an analysis of the European negotiating stance in the Doha round and the subsequent evolution of debates surrounding multifunctionality in an international setting. Having identified the European Union as one of the key sites of articulation concerning the implications of trade liberalisation for a multifunctional agriculture, the paper goes on to argue that multifunctionality within the framework of European rural policy emerges as a much more elusive and susceptible concept, informed by radically different interpretations of the vulnerability of family farmers to greater market exposure and the extent to which agricultural restructuring should be regarded as an issue of wider public concern. This maps onto a technically complex debate about how best to procure environmental public goods in a period of rapid agricultural change. The paper concludes that with these differences still very much in play, questions concerning the compatibility of multifunctionality with market liberalisation remain deeply unresolved at an important moment in the internationalisation of rural policy governance. 相似文献
17.
以宁波瑞福特气体储运有限公司20,000m3低温乙烯终端和配套公用工程项目的设计为例,介绍了PDSOFT三维配管软件在石油化工储运中的应用。通过项目对该软件的使用过程进行较深入的描述分析、同时对该软件在石油化工储运设计中应用前景和应注意的问题进行了说明。 相似文献
18.
《Geoforum》2014
This article debates the extent to which particular forums of the internet enable democratic discussions around social and political issues, developing the interest in cyber-geographies from the late 1990s and early 2000s. The paper investigates discussions around abortion in the UK media, and public response(s) to such discussions. The analysis originates from an article written for the Huffington post by political editor Medhi Hasan and deconstructs subsequent reactions to this through mainstream media and news sites, comments pages on these sites, and reactions on Twitter. We assess the democratic potential of these types of media, developing Habermasian notions of the public sphere by analyzing the extent to which specific forums within the internet sphere play a role in facilitating emotions in political discussions. We also discuss the impact of individual narrative and personal perspective and its role within this quasi-political space. In so doing, we question the extent to which these types of ‘new media’, as a forum for public discussion and interaction, enable democratic deliberation by assessing the engagement between users of this sphere, and the nature of those discussions. This presents an assessment of computer mediated communication as a new way of ‘doing’ politics through its absence and presence(s) and through ideas of distance, moral responsibility, and an understanding of ethics and care at-a-distance, presenting a holistic account of how we might envision these debates playing out. 相似文献
19.
宁夏煤田地质局作为宁夏回族自治区唯一专业从事煤田地质勘查的单位,由于历史背景、区域特点的差异．与全国各地质勘查单位相比,在改革进程中所面临的问题,除人才缺乏、资金紧张、资产有限等共性问题外．还有许多个体差异,这些因素严重制约着宁夏煤田局做大做强及可持续发展。参照内蒙、广东和陕西三省地勘单位的改革经验,认为地勘单位企业化改革不能等同于地勘行业的改革．地勘单位企业化改革的成败与事企及产权明晰程度有关,长期积累的顽症决定了事转企的改革具有阶段性、差异性。宁夏煤田地质局的事转企改革与可持续发展应在宽松的矿政环境及优惠政策下推进,并创造条件向产业链中的高利润产业拓展。 相似文献
20.
Water resources management is an important driver in social and economic development. Water shortage is one of the most critical issues threatening human welfare, public health, and ecosystems. This issue has turned into a major challenge in many river basins all around the world due to the imbalance in water supply and demand. Use of simulation models can be effective tools in providing water managers with scientifically supported decisions in dealing with complex and uncertain water resource systems. System dynamics approach serves as a management tool and may play an important role in understanding the cause–effect in water resources systems. In the present study, system dynamics approach was applied to simulate management strategies dealing with Tehran metropolitan water resources systems. In the developed model, the trend of water storage in the next 30-year period and the effectiveness of water supply strategies were simulated. The results showed that, despite the growing shortage of the water resources, optimal use of existing resources under appropriate strategies could reduce water deficit within the next 30 years. 相似文献