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大兴安岭南段阿鲁科尔沁旗坤都地区乔洛吐山林西组剖面,岩性为一套黄绿色岩屑长石细砂岩、黄绿色岩屑粉砂岩、灰黑色泥质粉砂岩等细碎屑岩组合,含丰富的双壳类、植物化石,指示时代为晚二叠世。用LA-ICP-MS测得乔洛吐山林西组下部黄绿色岩屑长石细砂岩样品中的碎屑锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄主要集中于267Ma、299Ma、484Ma、726Ma和933Ma五个峰值,最年轻的~(206)Pb/~(238)U锆石年龄为256Ma,最年轻的峰值年龄为267±2Ma,表明该地区林西组的最大沉积年龄不早于晚二叠世吴家坪期。林西组砂岩地球化学特征显示,乔洛吐山林西组物源具有长英质物源特性,沉积时期的水体为陆相开阔的淡水环境。结合古生物学、岩石学、地球化学和同位素年代学研究,推测研究区内古亚洲洋在晚二叠世已经闭合,林西组沉积环境为陆相湖盆,沉积物源显示出复杂性和多样性特点,反映物源区主要来自于兴蒙造山带,少量可能来自于华北板块。 相似文献
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深入开展古元古代早期（2500－1800Ma)微古植物化石研究，查清其产出层位、种层组成、组合特征、时空分布规律等，在古元古代晚期长城系层位之下建立一个目前世界上时代最老、层位最低的真核生物的微古植物化石组合，这是在国内外该时期生物地层学研究中一个全新的课题和极待解决的问题。通过比较形态学、分子古生物学和古生态学研究，查清微古植物群中真核生物的生物学属性，追索真核生物产出的最低层位，探索真核生物的起源，为探讨地球早期生命演化提供直接的化石证据。开展古元古代早期微古植物群研究和探讨真核生物的起源，不但具有地层划分与对比的实际价值，而且在生物学研究具有重大的理论意义。． 相似文献
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锦葵科(Malvaceae Juss.)翅子树属(Pterospermum Schreb.)主要分布于热带亚洲,该属化石目前只在印度有少量记录。本研究报道了产自云南省景谷县(23°31′N, 100°42′E)下中新统三号沟组的翅子树属叶片化石。通过形态学研究鉴定出3个种：双兴翅子树(P. shuangxingii Y. S. Zhao, J. Huang et T. Su sp. nov.),叶片偏小型,顶端截形并具3浅裂,与现今分布于东南亚地区的大花翅子树(P. grandiflorum Craib)形态较为相似;云南翅子树近似种(P. cf. yunnanense H. H. Hsue),叶片偏小型,顶端不分裂;翅子树属一未定种(Pterospermum sp.),叶片中型,叶片顶端具齿。景谷县翅子树属化石的发现证明,早中新世该属就在我国西南地区分化并繁盛至今。综合本研究以及已有证据,翅子树属可能从印度次大陆起源,随后向亚洲东部和东南部的热带地区扩散,最终形成了现今热带亚洲的分布格局。此外,本研究还描述了翅子树属化石叶片上的9种昆虫取食类型,与该属现生种叶片的昆虫取食形态一致,表... 相似文献
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晚上新世至更新世是地质历史时期中十分重要的阶段,2.7Ma之后北半球由温暖湿润的气候进入冰期,水杉叶片化石稳定碳同位素值、叶片面积和叶片长宽比在地质历史时期的变化可以推测该时期内环境的变化趋势、探索植物对环境变化的响应.本研究选取日本中部地区的5个化石点(泉南郡、八王子市、东近江市、十日町市和生驹市)的水杉叶片化石(3.00～0.95Ma)材料.这些化石点的化石叶片稳定碳同位素值在八王子市(2.6～2.7Ma,晚上新世)出现最低值(-29.05‰±0.15‰),明显低于其他化石点材料的稳定碳同位素值,并且在此期间化石叶片的面积为7.45±1.31mm2,大于其他时期;同时,叶片的长宽比较大,为4.22±0.67.这些结果相互印证共同指示出,上新世与更新世交界时期存在一个间冰期;之后,气候逐渐变冷变于.并且本研究结果与日本古植物群落演替得出的结论相一致. 相似文献
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深入开展古元古代早期 (2 5 0 0～ 180 0Ma)微古植物化石研究 ,查清其产出层位、种属组成、组合特征、时空分布规律等 ,在古元古代晚期长城系层位之下建立一个目前世界上时代最老、层位最低的真核生物的微古植物化石组合 ,这是在国内外该时期生物地层学研究中一个全新的课题和极待解决的问题。通过比较形态学、分子古生物学和古生态学研究 ,查清微古植物群中真核生物的生物学属性 ,追索真核生物产出的最低层位 ,探索真核生物的起源 ,为探讨地球早期生命演化提供直接的化石证据。开展古元古代早期微古植物群研究和探讨真核生物的起源 ,不但具有地层划分与对比的实际价值 ,而且在生物学研究上具有重大的理论意义 相似文献
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《地学前缘》2017,(1):52-64
作为植物化石的重要组成部分,木化石不仅在探究地质历史时期植物群的组成特征和植物界演化方面发挥着重要作用,而且也是反映陆地生态系统古气候变化和古生态环境重建的重要证据之一。中国中生代木化石不仅数量丰富,而且类型多样,研究成果丰硕。近年来,在四川、重庆、云南、辽西和新疆等三叠纪—白垩纪化石产地和层位陆续发现了一批木化石新材料,进一步丰富了我们对中国中生代木化石的多样性的认识,并在利用木化石揭示三叠纪至白垩纪陆相古气候特征和变化方面取得积极进展。文中重点介绍在四川盆地晚三叠世、辽西侏罗纪燕辽生物群及早白垩世热河生物群中的木化石新发现并分析其古气候指示意义,揭示上述化石所反映的气候降温事件、古气候波动及其与带毛恐龙出现的关系等。通过对中生代木化石多样性演化、时空分布模式以及木材生长轮解剖特征的研究和分析揭示侏罗纪和白垩纪的古气候整体特征,并对中国中生代木化石研究领域存在的问题和未来的研究方向提出展望。 相似文献
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古昆虫学的发展、存在问题与展望 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
对国际古昆虫学的发展作了回顾，大体上将其分为两个大的发展阶段；开始与积累阶段，发展和繁荣阶段。这两个阶段又可分为8个时期。在古昆虫学的发展史上曾有过3次历史性的重要总结。即Handlirsch A(1906-1908）的《Die Fossil Insketen und die Phylogenie der rezenten Formen》，Rohdemdorf b.b.et al(1962)的《Foundamentals of Paleonentomology》,Carpenter F.A(1992)的《Hexapoda》，以及各国区域性昆虫化石研究和以分类为核心的总结，等等。通过国际古昆虫工作者的共同努力。一部分类为核心的古昆虫学专著基本完成。在国际古昆虫学及中国古昆虫学研究新成就的基础上，提出了古昆虫学研究中还存在的一些问题；如加强基础研究工作，包括化石采集、分类、描述；古昆虫学研究与地质学、地质背景相结合；化石昆虫群的演化及其发展史的建立：昆虫的起源；加强国际合作与交流，崇尚科学精神，促进学科发展等。 相似文献
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浙江新昌下白垩统馆头组是我国南方地区为数不多的白垩纪木化石产出层位。本文报道了新昌地区馆头组木化石新材料及其内含真菌菌丝化石。木化石具明显生长轮,管胞径壁纹孔南洋杉式(多数单列、椭圆形、紧挤排列,偶见双列互生排列);交叉场纹孔南洋杉式;木射线单列式,多数2~11个细胞高。当前木化石新材料具有与现生南洋杉科植物相类似的木材解剖特征,显示其应归入贝壳杉型木属(Agathoxylon Hartig)。鉴于该类型木化石的分类现状仍有待厘清,将其定为Agathoxylonsp.。木化石内含真菌菌丝化石,管状,具横隔,平直或弯曲,常以不同角度分叉,菌丝壁光滑,具典型的锁状联合,属于担子菌类。当前木化石木材组织具有明显的木材腐朽特征,与现代真菌造成的木材白腐一致,推断此真菌化石为木材白腐菌。新昌地区贝壳杉型木属木化石新材料的发现进一步丰富了馆头组木化石的多样性,有助于增进对南方地区早白垩世植物群组成特征的认识。当前真菌菌丝化石是我国南方地区首次发现白垩纪担子菌化石,为探究白垩纪时期森林生态系统真菌与植物的相互作用提供了新的化石证据。 相似文献
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新疆吐哈盆地地质古生物组合研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
对吐哈盆地生油层的地质特点和地层划分、古气候、古生物组合进行了全面研究；根据三间房组的昆虫性质与特点，建立了“吐哈昆虫组合”，其归属于燕辽昆虫群的区系范围。文中报道了叶肢介１个新种：Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｇｒａｐｔａ？ｔｕｈａｅｎｓｉｓｓ．ｎ．和昆虫３个新种和１个新属：Ｍｅｓｏｂａｅｔｉｓｓａｎｊｉａｎｆａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓ．ｎ，Ｍ．ｍａｃｕｌａｔａｓ．ｎ，Ｔｕｈａｎｅｃｔｅｓｘｉｎｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｇ．ｓ．ｎ。上述研究结果对石油勘探开发区的地层划分、时代确定及与邻区对比提供了新的依据。 相似文献
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We present here the results of the first‐ever Quaternary entomological research in China. The Halashazi Wetland, located in the southern Altai Mountain region in the northernmost part of Xinjiang Province, yielded Holocene insect fossils (mostly beetles) from two peat profiles. In total, 55 Coleoptera taxa were found, including 37 identified species. A new species, Helophorus sinoglacialis, was identified. The fauna is strongly northern Holarctic in character. The interval from 10 424 to 9705 cal a BP was probably a cold and wet period, and the study site was above the treeline. From 9665 to 9500 cal a BP it was probably warmer and drier, and treeline moved to higher elevations. Following a depositional hiatus, mid‐Holocene (5400–4400 cal a BP ) insect assemblages represent cold conditions with the site above the treeline. The exception was a brief warming around 5450 cal a BP , when bark beetle evidence suggests that the treeline moved to a higher elevation. Of the 37 identified beetle species from the Halashazi site, 34 (92%) have modern records in Siberia. The Altai Mountains probably served as a dispersal corridor between the Siberian arctic and alpine regions of northern China. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Two new species of Archipseudophasmatidae (Insecta: Phasmatodea) from Upper Cretaceous Myanmar amber
Two new stick insect nymphs, Pseudoperla scapiforma sp. nov. and Pseudoperla leptoclada sp. nov. in Archipseudophasmatidae of Phasmatodea, are described from the Upper Cretaceous Myanmar amber. Compared to Pseudoperla gracilipes Pictet & Berendt, 1854, the two new species have the following differential characters: flagellomeres significantly elongated, metanotum rectangular and median segment longer than metanotum. Furthermore, the mesonotum of Pseudoperla leptoclada sp. nov. is rectangular and considerably longer than pronotum vs. mesonotum is quadrate and slightly shorter than pronotum in P. gracilipes. In addition, a slight curvature in the profemora indicates the Cretaceous evolutionary origin of this important character of Euphasmatodea. These two new taxa not only broaden the diversity of Archipseudophasmatidae, but also dated this family back to the Upper Cretaceous. 相似文献
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A new genus with two new species, Orentalphila gravia gen. et sp. nov. and O. caloa sp. nov., and three new species in two known genera, Sinosciophila angustia sp. nov., Sinosciophila seboa sp. nov. and Similsciophila undulata sp. nov., are described from the Lower Cretaceous of Yixian Formation at Huangbanjigou, Beipiao City, western Liaoning, China. These new taxa, representing the first records of mesosciophilids from this locality, provide morphological information and diversity for Mesosciophilidae in the Early Cretaceous. An updated key to known genera of Mesosciophilidae is provided. In addition, according the generic diagnosis revised by Zhang, 2007, Mesoplecia antiqua Hao and Ren, 2009 should be transferred to Mesosciophila Rohdendorf, 1946. 相似文献
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描述了箭蜓科(Gomphidae)一新属种—宽翅辽宁澜箭蜓(Liaoninglanthus latusgen.et sp.nov.)及新属一未定种(Liaoninglanthus.sp.),还对义县光箭蜓(Liogomphus yixianensisRen et Gao,1996)进行了补充描述。化石全部采自辽西北票黄半吉沟义县组下部(晚侏罗世晚期—早白垩世)。 相似文献
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描述了箭蜓科（Gomphidae）一新属种一宽翅辽宁澜箭蜓（Liaoninglanthus latus gen．et sp．nov．）及新属一未定种（Liaoninglanthus．sp．），还对义县光箭蜓（Liogomphus yixianensis Ren et Gao，1996）进行了补充描述。化石全部采自辽西北票黄半吉沟义县组下部（晚侏罗世晚期一早白垩世）。 相似文献
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The genus Knoblochia is established for fossil insect eggs. The fossils are small, longitudinally ridged, ovoid to round with projections on both ends. Their thin perforated wall is covered by minute papillae, inner surface of the wall is smooth or covered by rectangular files of cells. Fossils assigned here to Knoblochia cretacea were earlier assigned to the genus Spirellea, which encompass a heterogenous complex of small fossils being or resembling angiosperm seeds from the Late Cretaceous. The majority of species of the genus Spirellea clearly represents remains of angiosperms. However, fossils described by Knobloch and Mai (1986) as Spirellea kvacekii are distinct, particularly in having external walls perforated, neither apex nor basal projection showing any absition scar or micropyle in the botanical sense. Attribution of these fossils to insects led us to designate the new name Knoblochia cretacea with a new holotype for fossils of this kind. Comparison of Knoblochia with insect eggs of species of Phasmatodea and Lepidoptera, and seeds of Stemonaceae showed clear affinity to insects. Due to the high amount of extinction among insects since the Cretaceous, the systematic affinity of Knoblochia remains open. 相似文献
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Lebanoculicoides bloudani a new species of Ceratopogonidae from the Lower Cretaceous ambers of Syria and Lebanon is studied. The new species is characterized, described, illustrated, and compared with the other fossil taxa of the same extinct genus. A key to the species of the genus Lebanoculioides is proposed. 相似文献
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Sarah K. MARTIN 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(4):925-953
<正>Beetles(Coleoptera)are the most common insects recovered from the Lower Jurassic Mintaja insect locality of Western Australia,with over half of the fossils recorded from this site being isolated coleopteran elytra. A range of partial beetle bodies and other isolated beetle sclerites have also been recovered from the locality; much of this material is taxonomically unidenitifiable due to its disarticulation and poor preservation.A number of the Mintaja coleopterans are assigned to the archostematan family Ommatidae,including Zygadenia westraliensis(Riek,1968)comb.nov,previously placed in the morphogenus Mesothoris,and an unnamed species of Tetraphalerus.Also recorded is a new species of elaterid,Lithomerus wunda sp.nov.,along with other fragments likely attributable to the same family.The remaining material is assigned into morphospecies, separated primarily on preserved body parts—specifically,there are three morphospecies based on partially articulated coleopteran bodies,two morphospecies based on isolated head capsules,three morphospecies based on isolated thoracic sclerites,three morphospecies based on isolated abdominal sclerites,and 13 morphospecies based on isolated elytra.Overall,the ecology of these fossils is difficult to interpret due to poor preservation, although some of the beetles were likely aquatic,and the Ommatidae and Elateridae were both likely xylophilous. There is a strong similarity between the Mintaja coleopterans and those from the Late Triassic Denmark Hill locality of Queensland,though many of these similarities are based on morphotaxa and may be superficial in nature.Of the species that have been assigned to named taxa,all are generally typical of the Late Mesozoic worldwide,with Zygadenia,Tetraphalerus and Lithomerus all long-ranging,cosmopolitan genera. 相似文献