共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 51 毫秒
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许多研究者认为,金丰度高的花岗岩和地层就是金矿床的矿源岩和矿源层.随着中子活化法和化学-光谱法的广泛应用,分析精度有了大幅度提高(可达0.01×10-9).大量的国内外资料表明:绿岩地体中变质岩的金丰度较低,平均为0.71×10-9~2.40×10-9,与金矿有关的花岗岩金丰度更低,平均只有0.62×10-9~1.20×10-9.因此,矿源岩和矿源层并不是人们所想像的那些特定的岩石或地层.所有岩石都可能成为矿源岩或矿源层.花岗岩和地层中金的丰度与金矿床之间不存在必然的联系,金成矿与使金活化、迁移和富集的各种成矿机理有关. 相似文献
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鄂西北竹山银洞沟银金矿床构造控矿特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
银洞沟银金矿床位于扬子地台北缘武当推覆体西部,产于武当群变火山岩组与变沉积岩组间的顺层型韧性剪切带中,与构造变形密切相关。晋宁期的伸展作用产生了顺层型韧性剪切带,韧性变形变质作用促使原岩中银金等贵金属、多金属元素活化迁移,随剪切变形变质热液在强应变带中沉淀,形成初始矿源层。印支期的陆陆碰撞作用,促成不同层次面型剪切带岩石褶皱、韧脆性推覆,成矿元素从初始矿源层中再次活化、运移,随着沿褶皱轴面劈理发育的烟灰色糜棱岩化石英脉的形成,沉淀富集于石英脉中,形成银金矿床。脆性变形的叠加,使含矿石英脉产生扭动,促使成矿元素的局部富集,形成透镜状或板状矿体。成矿元素的垂直分带是由构造环境的变化导致成矿元素的叠生作用而形成的。多硅白云母及白云母年龄的测定表明该矿床的成矿期为印支期。 相似文献
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通过对区内赋矿围岩地质和岩石学特征、岩石化学和稀土元素特征的分析以及与典型S型花岗岩特征对比后认为。区内铅锌矿的赋矿围岩及矿源体并非新太古代红旗营子群变质地层。而是由地壳物质重熔形成的元古代二长花岗质侵入岩。属于S型花岗岩。在地壳物质重熔形成S型花岗岩的过程中。Pb、Zn、Cu、Ag元素重新活化、迁移和富集。致使二长花岗质侵入岩中Pb、Zn、Cu、Ag元素的丰度值和富集系数明显高于红旗营子群变质地层的浅粒岩。从而形成了新的矿源体。 相似文献
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吉林海沟金矿床同位素地球化学和成矿规律研究 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
同位素地球化学研究表明,中元古界色洛河群绿片岩相变质岩系是海沟金矿床的重要矿源层,它经历了多次构造、变质和混合岩化作用,特别是在燕山早期强烈构造活动中发生了局部深熔作用,形成了海沟二长花岗岩。受热大气降水的淋滤作用,使岩体内金元素活化、迁移和富集,以含金硫化物石英脉群形式沿NE向裂隙带充填于海沟二长花岗岩中,形成了大型沉积变质、深熔岩浆岩源大气降水热液金矿床。 相似文献
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矿化剂元素硫（S）与成矿 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
矿化剂元素硫(S)是绝大多数有色金属矿床成矿矿物中必不可少的组成物质,其对矿床形成的直接控制作用不言而喻。在目前收集到的文献资料中,有关S的研究多集中在示踪成矿流体来源方面,而关于地质体中S初始富集及其在成矿过程中的活动特性对成矿的控制却少有涉及。本科研团队历经十余年,在40多个矿床上对矿化剂元素S与成矿进行了系统研究,结果发现,热液成因矿床均产出在富S地质体中,地质体中S的富集与赋矿围岩同期形成,而且伴生有成矿元素的富集,构成初始矿源,奠定成矿物质基础。热液活动期间,初始矿源中矿化剂元素S及成矿元素发生活化、迁移和再富集,是控制成矿的直接因素。青海野马泉铁多金属矿研究结果证实,试验区灰岩中S的富集与灰岩同期形成,同时伴生有Pb、Zn、Ag、Cu等富集,构成矿源层。后期热液作用主导矿源层中S与成矿元素活化、迁移和再富集是成矿的必要条件,矿源层的沉积环境具有其特殊性。此项研究成果对矿床形成机制研究和矿床地球化学勘查均具有借鉴价值。 相似文献
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本文较系统地研究了葫芦沟剪切带韧性和脆-韧性剪切构造变形的构造岩和显微构造特征,在对韧性剪切动力变质和脆-韧性剪切动力蚀变等成矿作用综合分析的基础上,提出了后者叠加于前者的剪切带动力成矿模式,并将该矿床的形成过程归纳为4个主要成矿阶段;Ⅰ、矿质储备阶段-原始矿源层形成;Ⅱ、矿质活化、运移阶段——区域变质和热动力分异导致金活化、迁移,形成初级衍生矿源层;Ⅲ、韧性剪切动力变质成矿阶段——韧性剪切变形、变质,使金活化、迁移;并局部富集形成高级衍生矿源层;Ⅳ、脆-韧性剪切动力蚀变成矿阶段——脆-韧性断裂的动力蚀变成矿作用的叠加,金等元素富集并成矿,形成剪切带型金矿床。 相似文献
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本文较系统地研究了葫芦沟剪切带韧性和脆-韧性剪切构造变形的构造岩和显微构造特征,在对韧性剪切动力变质和脆-韧性剪切动力蚀变等成矿作用综合分析的基础上,提出了后者叠加于前者的剪切带动力成矿模式,并将该矿床的形成过程归纳为4个主要成矿阶段:I、矿质储备阶段-原始矿源层形成;Ⅱ、矿质活化、运移阶段——区域变质和热动力分异导致金活化、迁移,形成初级衍生矿源层;Ⅲ、韧性剪切动力变质成矿阶段——韧性剪切变形、变质,使金活化、迁移;并局部富集形成高级衍生矿源层;Ⅳ、脆-韧性剪切动力蚀变成矿阶段——脆-韧性断裂的动力蚀变成矿作用的叠加,金等元素富集并成矿,形成剪切带型金矿床。 相似文献
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田蓬组地层成矿元素高背景值,为有利之矿源层。加里东期~印支期区域变质作用与成矿密切相关。变质热液长期、持续作用,矿源层内成矿元素随热液迁移,有利赋矿部位富集改造形成层控矿床。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献