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1.
成矿带的展布受地质构造的控制,而地质构造在重磁异常上有明显反映。为了研究秦岭造山带中段重磁异常与成矿
带的关系,该文系统整理、处理了秦岭造山带中段已获得的重磁力测量资料,分析研究了重磁异常的展布特征、推断了研
究区的断裂构造,讨论了结晶基底的起伏特征,并结合区域地质资料及矿床分布资料讨论了重磁场特征及其与地质构造、
成矿带的关系。结果表明,秦岭造山带中段成矿带均分布在重、磁异常梯度带上或几组不同方向异常的交汇部位,尤其在
局部重力高异常范围内及其边部梯度带上矿体富集。这一结果为研究秦岭造山带的地质演化、地质构造（尤其是深部构
造）、断裂分布及下一步的成矿有利区预测提供重要的参考信息。 相似文献
2.
Dr. Gerhard H. Eisbacher Dr. H. Gabrielse 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1975,64(1):85-100
The authors present a tentative model for the relationship between deformation, uplift and molasse sedimentation in the Columbian Orogen of the Canadian Cordillera. Data are mainly drawn from the north-central part of the Columbian Orogen. Two distinct deformational episodes are recognized. The first, probably of mid-Jurassic age, was accompanied by regional metamorphism and resulted in southwesterly directed folds and related faults. This episode of crustal shortening appears to have been the precursor of uplift in the western Columbian Orogen (Omineca Crystalline Belt), causing the progradation of a primogenic non-marine molasse over marine shale and flysch. The second deformation, of probable late Cretaceous to Eocene age, caused overprinting of earlier structures by steep faults in the west and led to the growth of the fold-and-thrust belt of the Rocky Mountains. This episode created a morphogenic drainage system with molasse deposition in intramontane fault basins and along both flanks of the Columbian Orogen. Modal analyses from fluviatile sandstones within the primogenic and morphogenic molasse illustrate the progressive stripping of sedimentary and volcanic units along both sides of the orogenic core zone. Post-orogenic drainage from Miocene to Recent was strongly modified by the development of high-gradient drainage towards the Pacific Ocean. 相似文献
3.
河南省刘老湾地区位于大别造山带北麓,南临梅山—龟山区域断裂带,西邻燕山晚期的商城花岗岩体。通过1∶5万水系沉积物测量工作,在区内圈定了以Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn为主要元素的综合异常,其中Au异常浓集中心明显,规模大,与各元素套合好。1∶5万地面高磁异常明显,且与化探异常吻合较好。通过大比例尺地质、物化探综合剖面对物化探异常进行查证,圈出多个Au土壤高值异常段,并伴有高极化、低电阻率异常。本文对该区地质、物化探异常进行了详细剖析,分析了成矿地质条件,认为在中酸性岩体和胡油坊组的接触带、北西西向的断裂构造是找矿的有利部位;在土壤Au高值异常带,正负磁场突变,高级化率、低电阻率的地段,找矿前景较好。 相似文献
4.
A method for processing of a digital terrain model using a gradient module and the Laplace operator of a Gaussian surface is described, and the results of applying it to small-scale geological-structural demarcation are presented. The studied area (52–61° N, 120–133° E) covers the southern portion of the Siberian Platform (the Aldan-Stanovoi Shield), the southeastern flank of the Early Paleozoic Selenga-Stanovoi orogenic belt, and the western portion of the Mesozoic Mongol-Okhotsk orogenic belt. It has been demonstrated that the interpretation of modified digital terrain models allows confident determinations of the sizes of and relationships between geological features and zones of different types and the identification of faults and tectonic blocks transformed to different extents. 相似文献
5.
A. K. Rybin E. A. Bataleva Yu. A. Morozov M. G. Leonov V. Yu. Batalev V. E. Matyukov O. B. Zabinyakova V. O. Nelin 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2018,479(2):499-502
New magnetotelluric data were obtained for the Karabuk profile crossing the Naryn basin–Baibichetoo Ridge–Atbashi basin geodynamic system (Central Tien-Shan). The complex geological–geophysical cross section along the profile provides a good agreement between the surface tectonic structures and the deep geoelectric model. The electric conductivity anomalies revealed as subvertical conductors striking along the flanks of basins may be explained by the zones of dynamic influence of faults and cataclasis of granite. 相似文献
6.
The role of the Najd Fault System in the tectonic evolution of the Hammamat molasse sediments,Eastern Desert,Egypt 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Mohamed A. Abd El-Wahed 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2010,3(1):1-26
The Hammamat molasse sediments of the Eastern Desert of Egypt were deposited in isolated basins formed during an initial stage
of orogen parallel N–S extension (650–580 Ma) in the Neoproterozoic time. Supply of sediments to the molasse basins began
after the eruption of Dokhan volcanics (602–593 Ma), exhumation of core complexes (650–550 Ma), and intrusion of late tectonic
granites (610–550 Ma). The late Neoproterozoic structures in the molasse sediments include: (1) NNW-directed thrusts due to
NNW–SSE shortening (650–640 Ma), indicated by the presence of NE-, ENE-, and WSW-trending folds and NNW-directed thrusts.
(2) SW- and NE-directed thrusts due to ENE–WSW constriction during oblique convergence and arc accretion at around 640–620 Ma.
Many of the map- and mesoscopic-scale NW-trending folds in the core complexes, the molasse sediments, and the Neoproterozoic
nappes in the Eastern Desert are related to this event. Sinistral shearing along the Najd Fault System (650–540 Ma) resulted
in the development of subvertical foliation, subhorizontal stretching lineation, and NW-trending tight folds overprinting
earlier folds. Stretched pebbles are oriented NW–SE and WNW–ESE in the molasse basins localized within the Najd Fault System,
and NE–SW in the basins outside the influence zone of this NW-trending fault system. Strain estimated using pebbles from nine
molasse basins indicate that the amount of strain differs from one basin to another and from one place to another within the
same basin. Weak tectonic strain (Rs = 2.16–2.24) is obtained from post-orogenic basins; moderate strains are reported from
foreland basins (Rs = 2.37–3.18), whereas moderate to high tectonic strains are recorded from the intermontane basins (Rs = 2.40–4.36).
The obtained tectonic strain and K values indicate that the flattening strain prevails in the post-orogenic and foreland basins, whereas as both constrictional
and flattening strains are recorded in intermontane basins. Strain variation from one basin to another and within the individual
basin is attributed to presence of thrust and sinistral shear zones. Away from the deformed zones, the pebbles show no significant
stretching. Two phases of thrusting and an episode of transpressional sinistral shearing are the latest structure features
of the East African orogeny in the Arabian–Nubian Shield. 相似文献
7.
Yu. G. Tsekhovsky 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2013,48(2):138-174
Study of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic infill of rift depressions in the Baikal region (Transbaikal and Baikal regions) and Gobi Altai in southern Mongolia allowed us for the first time to consider regularities of sedimentogenesis in these structures and to establish peculiarities of their typical volcanosedimentary formations1. It is shown that continental rift depressions include plain fan and orogenic molasse formations, which were previously united into the orogenic molasse group. Abundance of the coarse-clastic material, which served as a basis for assigning the fan formations to the molasse group, was related to the destruction of near-wall benches (hereafter, escarps) of the grabens in ancient hillocky plains. The lithofacies and sedimentary environments of rift fan and molasse formations in the arid and humid zones are described. Specific features, which make it possible to discriminate the paragenetic associations, are presented. It was established that the riftogenic fan formations of the relief peneplanation epoch have no analogues beyond rift zones. In contrast, similar (in structure, composition, and sedimentary depositional environments) molasses were formed in various tectonic settings during the orogenic epochs. 相似文献
8.
9.
近年来,甘肃西成铅锌矿的勘探向周边地区扩展,高精度磁法测量发挥了一定作用。利用化极磁异常垂向一阶导数和归一化总水平导数垂向导数,推断出5处地质体边界和4条断裂。根据该区地质和矿产分布特征,推测矿体主要分布于黑云母石英片岩向大理岩的接触或过渡地带,对应中泥盆统安家岔组厂坝层D2a1条带状大理岩。根据化极磁异常和该区构造,结合化探圈定出与成矿有关的4个靶区,这些靶区与Pb、Zn化探异常对应,可见若干矿化点。选取靶区内一磁测剖面进行反演,反演结果说明矿体向北西倾斜。经钻孔验证,已在不同深度见矿,证明了靶区的找矿潜力。 相似文献
10.
川滇地区三维P波速度结构反演与构造分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据205个区域台站记录的近60000条地震初至P波走时资料, 采用层析成像理论与伪弯曲射线追踪方法, 反演了川滇地区地壳上地幔的三维P波速度结构.结合区域地质构造以及地球物理背景, 分析和解释了三维速度结构图像反映的川滇地区不同深度的介质结构与构造特征.结果表明: (1) 沉积盆地、高山山地等主要表现出速度负异常的特征, 有的高山山体负异常可深达下地壳与上地幔, 反映了新造山带的强烈构造隆升与相伴的重力均衡作用; (2) 川滇块体周缘大型活动断裂带附近的中下地壳内普遍存在低速层, 它们的存在为调节断裂和块体运动提供了深部解耦条件; (3) 根据对P波速度结构图像的分析, 识别和推断出川滇地区若干主要活动断裂的深部构造特征及它们倾向与下延深度. 相似文献
11.
西南“三江”造山带由多条缝合带及其间多个大小不等的中间陆块构成,其大地构造属性与划分方案历来受地学界关注与争论。本文以大地构造相理论为切入点,将西南“三江”造山带划分出11个一级及其若干二级大地构造相,包括俯冲、消减杂岩、仰冲等一级大地构造相以及与其相伴的后造山及走滑大地构造相。俯冲大地构造相类包括块体变质相、前陆褶冲相、前陆盆地相;消减杂岩大地构造相包括洋壳残片相、陆壳残片相、增生变质杂岩相、活化基底相、侵入岩相、上叠磨拉石相;仰冲板块大地构造相包括弧前盆地相、岛弧相、弧后及弧间盆地相。特提斯洋向北消减,使泛华夏大陆群各块体先拼接,其后弧后扩张、闭合、造山,从而形成了“三江”造山带“多缝合带”、“多陆体”特征。 相似文献
12.
苏里南金矿主要位于圭亚那地盾古元古代花岗岩-绿岩带上,沿大型剪切带或断层带分布。通过实地调查、综合研究及结合前人资料的基础上初步认为当地主要有冲洪积型、残坡积型、剪切带(造山)型金矿等类型。剪切带型金矿与剪切构造活动同期或晚于构造变形期,与泛亚马逊造山期后钙碱性火山作用和深成侵入作用同期。根据罗斯贝尔金矿等典型矿床研究,苏里南金矿与圭亚那地盾其它造山型金矿成矿时代相近(2.023~1.955Ga),泛亚马逊主期的构造对金矿起到了导矿和容矿作用,同时提出苏里南金矿的主要找矿方向。 相似文献
13.
Marginal basins, areas of oceanic lithosphere peripheral to large ocean basins, may be formed by several processes, but the young active marginal basins have the geophysical and geochemical characteristics of young normal oceanic lithosphere. We recognize two distinct tectonic settings in which new oceanic lithosphere may be formed in areas which would be termed marginal basins:
- 1. (1) Upwelling of fractional melts of mantle material from the region above subducted lithospheric slabs leads to the generation of new oceanic lithosphere behind island arcs. The general case for this tectonic setting involves random location of magma leaks and does not produce correlatable magnetic anomalies. In special cases, an orthogonal ridge—transform system may duplicate the magnetic patterns found on ocean-basin crust.
- 2. (2) The second tectonic setting develops on very long “leaky” transform faults separating spreading ridges. In areas where the transform has dislocated a block of continental crust, or an island arc, the map view of the resulting marginal basin may resemble the setting of a basin behind an active island arc. However, the “leaky” transform setting is unrelated to active plate convergence or to Benioff zones.
14.
15.
大陆造山带沉积地质学研究中的几个问题 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
大陆造山带一直是地质科学研究的中心议题之一，在开展大陆造山带的形成与演化研究过程中首先遇到的是地层问题。由于造山带地层构成因素复杂，不能简单地使用Ｓｍｉｔｈ地层原理和法则所建立的地层学的一般工作方法，而应当使用一套新的实用于造山带的地层工作方法和原理。笔者将造山带地层划分为四种类型：（１）沉积－地层体型：沉积地层基本上呈连续的和相互叠加的，并在侧向延伸上基本连续；（２）构造－地层体型：沉积地层遭受较强烈的褶皱和冲断作用，层状岩石保持相对的独立性和完整性，构造－地层体之间多为断层接触；（３）构造－岩石体型：地层遭受强烈的褶皱和剪切作用，层状岩石的叠置和侧向连续性被破坏，仅呈断续的连接；（４）构造－混杂岩体型：沉积地层被完全破碎、混合。造山带与盆地是地球动力学作用下的统一的相互密切联系的两个方面，造山带可看作为沉积盆地演化的最终产物，深入研究沉积盆地，有助于解决造山带结构与造山作用过程研究中所遇到的一些难题。 相似文献
16.
天山地区碰撞后构造与盆山演化 总被引：48，自引：0，他引：48
研究表明,近东西向的天山造山带基本格架在古生代晚期已经初步形成;平行造山带广泛分布的二叠纪红色磨拉石证明当时造山隆升作用非常强烈,导致前陆盆地普遍发育。三叠纪,天山造山带遭受区域剥蚀夷平,盆山高差缩小,盆地规模进一步扩大。侏罗纪—古近纪,由于板内伸展作用,在准平原化的天山地区形成了一系列伸展盆地,呈近东西向分布。新近纪以来,受南面印度—欧亚陆—陆碰撞的影响,天山地区发生强烈陆内变形,以逆冲推覆和褶皱堆叠为特征;节理统计表明新生代的主压应力为南北方向。晚新生代,由印度和欧亚大陆碰撞产生的强烈挤压作用对大陆腹地的天山地区影响很大：前中生代块体发生剧烈隆升和褶皱,伴随大规模新生代坳陷的形成,导致盆山高差急剧增大;脆性剪切与挤压变形构造叠加在韧性变形的古生代岩层之上。同时,中生代拉伸盆地发生构造反转,形成新生代挤压盆地,盆山交接带变形以台阶状逆断层和断层相关褶皱为特征。由于盆地朝造山带的下插作用,使古生代的岩层呈构造岩片方式逆冲推覆在盆地边缘的中新生代岩层之上,当穿越不同地质构造单元时表现出不同的运动学特征。强烈挤压褶皱冲断是晚新生代盆山交接带的基本特征和最普遍的盆-山耦合方式,局部伴有小规模近东西向的走滑断层。中生代沉积岩的褶皱与断裂、侏罗纪煤层自燃及烧结岩的形成、强烈地震与断层活动、以及新疆独特的镶嵌状盆山格局,都是新近纪以来构造作用的产物。 相似文献
17.
《China Geology》2021,4(4):553-570
The southern part of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge (KPR) is located at the conjunction of the West Philippine Basin, the Parece Vela Basin, the Palau Basin, and the Caroline Basin. This area has extremely complex structures and is critical for the research on the tectonic evolution of marginal seas in the Western Pacific Ocean. However, only few studies have been completed on the southern part, and the geophysical fields and deep structures in this part are not well understood. Given this, this study finely depicts the characteristics of the gravity and magnetic anomalies and extracts information on deep structures in the southern part of the KPR based on the gravity and magnetic data obtained from the 11th expedition of the deep-sea geological survey of the Western Pacific Ocean conducted by the Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey using the R/V Haiyangdizhi 6. Furthermore, with the data collected on the water depth, sediment thickness, and multichannel seismic transects as constraints, a 3D density model and Moho depths of the study area were obtained using 3D density inversion. The results are as follows. (1) The gravity and magnetic anomalies in the study area show distinct zoning and segmentation. In detail, the gravity and magnetic anomalies to the south of 11°N of the KPR transition from high-amplitude continuous linear positive anomalies into low-amplitude intermittent linear positive anomalies. In contrast, the gravity and magnetic anomalies to the north of 11°N of the KPR are discontinuous and show alternating positive and negative anomalies. These anomalies can be divided into four sections, of which the separation points correspond well to the locations of deep faults, thus, revealing different field-source attributes and tectonic genesis of the KPR. (2) The Moho depth in the basins in the study area is 6–12 km. The Moho depth in the southern part of KPR show segmentation. Specifically, the depth is 10–12 km to the north of 11°N, 12–14 km from 9.5°N to 11°N, 14–16 km from 8.5°N to 9.5°N, and 16–25 km in the Palau Islands. (3) The KPR is a remnant intra-oceanic arc with the oceanic-crust basement.which shows noticeably discontinuous from north to south in geological structure and is intersected by NEE-trending lithospheric-scale deep faults. With large and deep faults F3 and F1 (the Mindanao fault) as boundaries overall, the southern part of the KPR can be divided into three zones. In detail, the portion to the south of 8.5°N (F3) is a tectonically active zone, the KPR portion between 8.5°N and 11°N is a tectonically active transition zone, and the portion to the north of 11°N is a tectonically inactive zone. (4) The oceanic crust in the KPR is slightly thicker than that in the basins on both sides of the ridge, and it is inferred that the KPR formed from the thickening of the oceanic crust induced by the upwelling of deep magma in the process of rifting of remnant arcs during the Middle Oligocene. In addition, it is inferred that the thick oceanic crust under the Palau Islands is related to the constant upwelling of deep magma induced by the continuous northwestward subduction of the Caroline Plate toward the Palau Trench since the Late Oligocene. This study provides a scientific basis for systematically understanding the crustal attributes, deep structures, and evolution of the KPR.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office. 相似文献
18.
Haddouche Omar Boutaleb Abdelhak Chamam Madjid Ysbaa Saadia Hammouche Hanafi Boubaya Djamel 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(5):422
Analysis and integration of geological/metallogenic data and digitally processed gravimetric/aeromagnetic data to the oriental Saharan Atlas domain were carried out to understand the spatial distribution and structural control on Pb-Zn (Ba) deposits of the oriental Saharan Atlas. The use of this combined technique suggests that most of mineral deposits appear to be regionally controlled by structural trends (subparallel NE-SW-trending) along margins of subsiding sedimentary basins. Mineralization occurs along or near major NE-SW-trending faults, locally intersected by NW-SE-trending faults. In addition, mineral deposits are usually either inside anticlinal hinge zones (example, Merouana, Ichmoul and Ain Mimoum ore deposits) or on the flanks of anticlinal structures (example, Ain Bougda ore deposit). In “diapiric zone”, mineral deposits are generally located on diapiric structures borders (peridiapiric concentrations), related to NE-SW/NE-SW and E-W-trending faults. Other mineral concentrations occurs along the margins of tectonic troughs zones (example, Morsott trough) resulting probably by NW-SE-trending deep faults movement. In summary, our research suggested that regional parameters, such as NE-SW/NW-SE-trending lineaments, intersections of these lineament zones and margins of subsiding sedimentary basins/diapiric structures, serve as significant indicators and provides a valuable framework for guiding the early stages of Pb-Zn (Ba) mineral exploration; other considerations must then be applied in this region, like integration of surficial geochemical anomalies that allows better delineation of targets for further mineral exploration. 相似文献
19.
Gold ore districts in the Siberian (North Asian) craton and bordering terranes have been studied. Studies showed the long duration of gold concentration processes (Early Cambrian to Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic) and the influence of structural geological, magmatic, and metallogenic factors on the formation of ore districts. The largest Late Mesozoic (J–K) accumulations of gold deposits in southeastern Russia were discovered in the Aldan–Stanovoi Shield and at the northern margin of the Argun superterrane in the Aldan (Yakutia), Balei (Transbaikalia), and Gonzha (Upper Amur area) ore–placer districts.The geological and geophysical positions of these three districts have been compared. All of them are situated in zones of influence of variously trending long-lived deep faults, bordered by large Precambrian uplifts, and spatially (paragenetically) related to local magma chamber domes of Late Mesozoic (J–K) intrusive, subvolcanic, and extrusive–effusive bodies, dikes, and terrigenous pyroclastic blankets. The areas of Jurassic–Cretaceous volcanoplutonic rocks are related to the influence of the East Asian sublithospheric “superplume.”All this confirms the important ore-controlling role of large long-lived deep faults (in the form of global and regional gravity gradient zones) in the distribution of highly productive precious-metal ore–magmatic systems. This suggests that the junctions between gravity gradient zones of different trends and ranks are important to the identification of gold prospects in metallogenic prediction studies and small-scale prospecting. The Archean–Proterozoic age and the great occurrence depth of the tectonic zones suggest that extensive long-lived mobile zones (before the post-Cambrian breakup of the Siberian craton) significantly affected further evolution of the orogenic belts bordering the craton and their metallogeny, including the distribution of precious- metal deposits. 相似文献