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1.
扬子地块西南缘拉拉铁氧化物-铜-金(IOCG)矿床中,已公开报道的岩石及硫化物矿物Pb同位素为放射性成因Pb含量极高的异常Pb,不能用常规的Pb同位素等时线计算法及全球平均Pb同位素增长曲线解释其特征。结合Pb同位素演化基本原理,对矿床中的Pb同位素特征进行再解译。用校正后的岩石Pb同位素组成建立了Pb同位素的黑云母片岩增长曲线和钠长石变粒岩增长曲线,二者可作为扬子地块西南缘元古宙Pb铅同位素演化的参考。硫化物矿物的Pb同位素组成位于2条增长曲线之间,并分为线性的上、下2个群;上群拟合混合等时线年龄为1119Ma,代表变质热液成矿期的年龄;下群拟合混合等时线年龄为1605Ma,代表火山喷发—沉积成矿期年龄。上、下2个群的Pb同位素混合等时线年龄分别与矿床中的辉钼矿ReOs年龄及火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄基本一致,表明了利用放射性成因Pb进行测年的可行性与可靠性。黑云母片岩和钠长石变粒岩构成了拉拉IOCG矿床的金属成矿物质的端元储库,硫化物矿物中的金属成矿物质具有混合来源的特征。  相似文献   

2.
<正>硫化物矿石铅同位素组成是示踪成矿物质来源的直接、有效方法,广泛用于矿床研究中,但铅同位素测年的可靠性及可行性却引起了很多人的质疑。拉拉IOCG矿床岩石、矿物铅同位素是放射性成因铅含量极高的异常铅,在不能用常规铅同位素等时线计算法和全球平均增长曲线来解释其异常特征的情况下,首次采用混合等时线模式研究矿床成矿时限,较为系统地对拉拉IOCG矿床铅同位素地球化学特征进行了研究。  相似文献   

3.
铜山岭铅锌多金属矿床位于扬子地块湘南-桂东北坳陷与华夏地块粤北坳陷的拼贴部位,是中国南岭多金属成矿区代表性矿床之一。为确定矿床成矿时代,挑选铜山岭铅锌多金属矿床中含矿矽卡岩的石榴子石进行Sm-Nd同位素定年,获得的等时线年龄为173±3Ma,指示成矿作用发生于燕山早期。对金属硫化物矿物进行了Pb同位素分析,其~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb平均值分别为18.602、15.701、38.729,表明成矿物质来源于相对富集铀铅、略微亏损钍铅的上地壳源区。从(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb)i-(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)i铅同位素演化模式图可知,寄主花岗闪长岩是铜山岭铅锌多金属矿床的重要物质来源,且成矿物质中可能含有寄存在花岗闪长岩中的地幔组分。  相似文献   

4.
拉拉IOCG矿床是我国西南地区著名的大型铁铜矿床,矿床中与铜(钼)矿化密切相关的钠长石化、碳酸盐化、钾长石化、黑云母化、萤石化等蚀变作用广泛发育。本文在对该矿床中黑云母片岩系列和钠长石变粒岩系列大量赋矿岩石样品进行岩相学研究的基础上,选取典型蚀变与矿化样品进行主、微量元素分析测试,通过质量比簇判别法和等浓度公式元素定量迁移计算研究矿床中蚀变元素特征及其与矿化的关系。质量比簇判别法和等浓度图解法确定了两个系列岩石共有的主量元素不活动组分为SiO_2,微量元素不活动组分为Yb。主量元素定量迁移计算表明黑云母片岩系列铜矿化与钠长石化和碳酸盐化成正相关关系,钠长石变粒岩系列铜矿化与钾长石化和碳酸盐化成正相关关系,且变粒岩系列碳酸盐化程度较片岩系列更强。稀土元素和金属元素定量迁移计算发现拉拉IOCG矿床中U、Co、Mo、Ni等成矿金属元素在蚀变过程中随Cu矿化大量带入,说明热液蚀变是拉拉Fe-Cu-Au-U-Mo-REE多金属矿床形成的主要原因。蚀变与矿化关系分析表明二者基本是同步发生,蚀变的过程也是矿化的过程,即蚀变的标志也是找矿的标志。拉拉IOCG矿床中蚀变元素地球化学特征及其与矿化关系的研究,对于矿床成矿理论的丰富及矿区进一步找矿勘探工作都具有重要意义。  相似文献   

5.
福建闽中地区是我国又一个新的、重要的火山岩容矿块状硫化物铅锌多金属成矿带。为查明梅仙式铅锌银矿床的金属成矿物质来源和成矿时代,本文对其中5个主要矿床进行了矿石矿物和围岩的硫、铅同位素测试和同位素地质年代学研究。结果表明,不同矿床矿石硫化物的硫同位素组成变化范围较小且平均值接近于零,δ34S介于-3.5‰~ 5.6‰,平均 2.0‰,表明硫主要为岩浆来源,火山直接喷发和从容矿火山岩中淋取皆是可能的机制。大部分矿床矿石铅以放射性成因为特征(206Pb/204Pb>18.140、207Pb/204Pb>15.584、208Pb/204Pb>38.569),且矿石铅同位素值均大于围岩,指示铅可能主要是由容矿火山岩淋滤而来。根据矿床地质特征和同位素地质测年数据,厘定出两次重要的铅锌成矿作用,即中-新元古代海底火山喷流沉积同生成矿(赋矿围岩单颗粒锆石U-Pb法、Sm-Nd等时线法和40Ar-39Ar法年龄介于933~1788Ma)和燕山期岩浆热液叠加改造成矿(侵入岩锆石SHRIMPU-Pb和Rb-Sr等时线年龄为127~154Ma)。  相似文献   

6.
云南禄劝噜鲁铅锌矿床地处扬子地块西南缘,矿体赋存于下寒武统梅树村组下段,呈脉状、似层状产出。矿石矿物主要有方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿等;脉石矿物主要有重晶石、石英、方解石。噜鲁铅锌矿床硫化物成矿时的~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr值为0.7112~0.7115,暗示成矿物质可能来自于基底地层;Rb-Sr等时线年龄为202.8±1.4Ma,成矿年龄为印支晚期—燕山早期。硫化物硫同位素组成δ~(34)S变化范围为6.33‰~9.75‰,暗示成矿流体中的硫主要是海相硫酸盐热化学还原的产物;铅同位素~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb变化范围分别为18.259~18.342、15.608~15.639、38.46~38.821,位于上地壳和造山带铅演化线之间,落入基底岩石(昆阳群)及不同时代碳酸盐岩铅同位素组成范围内,表明成矿物质具有壳源特征,主要由基底岩石提供。综合各类地质-地球化学信息认为,噜鲁铅锌矿床成矿流体中不同组分来源不同,但主要来自于基底地层,成矿机制是在印支运动强驱动力的作用下,促使含矿基底地层成矿元素活化-迁移混合-空间就位,形成工业矿床。  相似文献   

7.
玛雄郎矿区那舵松多矿段以铅、锌成矿为主,伴有强烈的钨、锡矿化异常,是冈底斯成矿带上为数不多的具钨、锡找矿潜力的矿区之一。为确定该矿床成矿时代,对与成矿流体活动具有成因联系的蚀变围岩中的黑云母进行了40Ar-39Ar年龄测试。黑云母的坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为69.57±0.72 Ma和69.3±1.6 Ma,在误差范围内二者基本一致,限定了矿床成矿时代为晚白垩世晚期。为查明矿床成矿物质来源,对矿石硫化物S、Pb同位素组成特征进行了测试分析。金属硫化物δ34S值变化范围为-1.6‰~1.9‰,硫主要源自与成矿有关的岩浆岩;Pb同位素组成特征表明,成矿金属物质主要源自上地壳念青唐古拉结晶基底物质。矿床成矿时代和成矿物质来源的初步研究,对于区域上同种类型矿床的找矿工作具有重要意义。  相似文献   

8.
文章选取8件闪锌矿、3件方铅矿和1件黄铁矿样品,采用Rb-Sr等时线定年方法测定天堂铜铅锌多金属矿床的成矿时代.获得闪锌矿等时线年龄为(98.1±1.6) Ma,闪锌矿+方铅矿等时线年龄为(99±2)Ma,闪锌矿+方铅矿+黄铁矿等时线年龄为(98.2±1.3) Ma,闪锌矿+黄铁矿等时线年龄为(97.87±0.96) Ma,方铅矿+黄铁矿等时线年龄为(98.6±4.2) Ma.Rb-Sr定年结果表明,天堂铜铅锌多金属矿床的成矿时代为98 Ma左右,矿床形成于晚白垩世早期,可能与135Ma之后太平洋板块的运动方向发生转向,使得中国大陆包括华南板块在内均处于持续伸展阶段有关.硫化物矿石Rb-Sr所得的Sr同位素初始比(87Sr/86Sr)i平均值为0.7117,小于陆源硅酸盐的值(0.720),高于地幔Sr的初始值0.707,结合笔者对该矿床所做的S、Pb等同位素组成特征研究,显示成矿物质来源于壳幔混合.研究表明,利用特定矿床的主要矿石矿物,采用Rb-Sr等时线定年方法通过共生矿物组合和单矿物相互约束,可以有效地确定成矿时代,这对了解矿床的成矿背景等具有一定的指示意义.  相似文献   

9.
扬子西南缘康滇铜成矿带是我国重要的铁铜金矿产资源产区,分布许多小-大型铁氧化物-铜-金(IOCG)矿床,而本次研究的大红山矿床属康滇铜成矿带内最大的IOCG矿床之一。由石英脉中黄铜矿测年结果可以看出,Re-Os等时线年龄为1115±28 Ma,加权平均年龄为1113±14 Ma。因此,石英脉中黄铜矿矿化年龄为1115 Ma,结合扬子西南缘成岩成矿关系、背景研究,表明该黄铜矿为Grenvillian造山运动期碰撞后板内伸展环境产物。Re-Os同位素体系中高187Re/187Os比值、低含量的普通Os和高射性成因187Os的组成,指示成矿物质可能主要为壳源。  相似文献   

10.
探讨和总结了扬子地块西缘大地构造演化、元古宙重大构造-岩浆事件与铁氧化物铜金型(IOCG)矿床关系,以促进对深部隐伏IOCG矿床勘查和新技术研发。在新太古界-古元古界小溜口岩组顶部和不整合面之下,含矿层状-似层状碱性方解石钠长石岩中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为2520±14 Ma,这种似层状铜矿床和其上不整合面型Cu-Co-AuAg-REE-Fe矿体,以云南东川因民铁铜矿床深部小溜口岩组中铜矿床为代表。总体上,IOCG矿床与扬子地块大地构造演化之间关系为:(1)扬子地块于东川运动(中条运动/Hudsonian Orogeny,1800 Ma)形成了陆壳基底。在中元古代初期(1700±50 Ma)发生了地幔热物质上涌侵位的构造-岩浆事件,导致古扬子地块发生裂解并形成裂谷构造和大陆裂谷盆地。在近东西向大陆裂谷盆地发育初期,构造动力学特征为火山地堑式断陷成盆。在碱性铁钠质基性岩、铁钾质粗面岩和铁质辉绿辉长岩形成过程中,形成了第一期IOCG矿床成岩成矿高峰期(1650±50 Ma),以云南大红山IOCG矿床为代表。(2)在裂谷盆地成熟发育期,构造动力学特征为裂陷沉降成盆。因民期和黑山期两次地幔热物质上涌侵位,导致了构造-岩浆-成岩成矿事件发生。在铁钠质基性火山岩、铁钾质粗面岩、水下火成碳酸岩、火山喷溢-火山热水喷流沉积相等形成过程中,形成了第二期IOCG矿床的成岩成矿高峰期(1500±50 Ma),以云南迤纳厂IOCG矿床为代表。(3)在小黑箐运动/满银沟运动(格林威尔造山期,1000 Ma±),扬子地块南缘形成了近南北向洋壳俯冲和陆缘侧向挤压收缩体制,碱性铁质辉长岩-辉绿岩体上涌侵位,伴随同构造期脆韧性剪切带形成和沉积盆地构造反转,形成区域性不整合面(小黑箐运动/满银沟运动)和后期沉积型-火山沉积型铁矿床,为IOCG矿床第三期成岩成矿高峰期(1000±100 Ma)。以白锡腊深部和新塘IOCG矿床为代表,形成IOCG矿床和IOCG矿床的叠加成岩成矿。(4)晋宁-澄江期为多重构造体制耦合与转换格局,扬子地块内部和陆缘具有造山带-沉积盆地-深部地幔柱上涌侵位,深部地幔柱上涌侵位形成的碱性铁质辉长岩具有OIB源区特征,形成了第四期IOCG矿床的成岩成矿高峰期(800±50 Ma),以四川拉拉IOCG矿床受碱性铁质辉长岩侵位与叠加成岩成矿为代表。在澄江期"盆→山"耦合与转换,IOCG矿床和东川型铜矿中进一步发生了盆地流体叠加改造富集(810~700 Ma)。  相似文献   

11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。  相似文献   

12.
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.  相似文献   

13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论   总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13  
据1:5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料,就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因,其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应,以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上,讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。  相似文献   

14.
塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。  相似文献   

15.
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.  相似文献   

16.
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.  相似文献   

17.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上,进行了稳定性数值模拟分析,定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明:该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成,对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害,必须采取相应的工程治理措施。  相似文献   

18.
The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy (SSS) proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy (ICS). The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob's Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.  相似文献   

19.
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.  相似文献   

20.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base.  相似文献   

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