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1.
北京南口中生代双峰式岩墙群的组成及其特征   总被引:31,自引:2,他引:31       下载免费PDF全文
在北京南口地区发现了一套NNW走向、颇具规模的、由基性钾玄岩和酸性花岗质岩石组成的双峰式岩墙群,其K-Ar同位素年龄为119-114Ma。本文重点讨论了岩墙群的野外地质特征及其岩石学特征。研究表明酸性岩墙和基性岩墙的稀土配分模式非常接近,并且无明显的铕异常,推测它们的岩浆来自两个有成因联系的岩浆源,而且两套岩浆之间不存在的结晶分异作用的关系,我们称之为双峰式岩墙群。研究还表明,两种岩浆最初占位时共呈液相,彼此接触部位成分发生一定程度的混染作用,但总体是互相独立的,岩墙产状和地球化学特征反映岩墙群是在伸展构造背景下侵位的,具有深源浅侵位的特征,反映了晚中生代研究区存在的伸展构造这对于全面认识华北“燕山运动”是有价值的。  相似文献   

2.
斜锆石U-Pb定年是基性岩墙时代确定的有效方法。前人对太行岩墙群高分异组岩墙(Ti O2通常1%,Mg O一般6%)进行了较多的定年,但缺少对低分异组岩墙(Ti O2约为1%,Mg O6%)的高精度测年。两者年龄是否一致是讨论两组岩墙是否来源于同一岩浆的基本前提。本研究对华北太行岩墙群丰镇地区低、高分异组代表性岩墙进行了斜锆石离子探针207Pb/206Pb定年。结果表明,低分异组车道沟岩墙207Pb/206Pb平均年龄为1768±4Ma(n=9,MSWD=2.1);而高分异组酸刺湾岩墙斜锆石207Pb/206Pb年龄可以分为两组,加权平均值分别为1780±3Ma(n=8,MSWD=0.65)和1760±3Ma(n=5,MSWD=1.7)。斜锆石成分分析表明,酸刺湾岩墙两组年龄对应的矿物成分存在差异,如晚期斜锆石比早期更富Ti,Zr/Hf比值变化范围相对较小。据此认为,酸刺湾岩墙两组斜锆石可能结晶于岩浆不同阶段:早期(~1780Ma)的斜锆石可能结晶于成分更加原始的岩浆,很可能形成于岩浆房中;晚期(~1760Ma)的斜锆石可能结晶于成分更加演化的岩浆,可能是岩浆通道(岩墙)或岩浆房中。Zr/Hf值与单点年龄的负相关趋势可能记录了单斜辉石的结晶过程。已有的太行岩墙群U-Pb年代学结果集中于1785~1760Ma。我们的研究认为,太行岩墙群岩浆房存在了约20Myr,即岩浆房形成于~1785Ma,岩墙就位于1785~1760Ma。  相似文献   

3.
右江褶皱带地处扬子陆块和华夏陆块的结合部位,区内广泛发育以基性-超基性岩墙群和超酸性岩脉为主的燕山晚期双峰式岩浆活动。对桂中都安地区的金云钾镁煌斑岩脉进行了金云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar法测年,斑晶和基质金云母样品均给出了较一致的坪年龄,分别为93.6±0.6Ma和92.9±0.6Ma,相应的等时线年龄分别为93.4±0.9Ma和92.7±0.8Ma,上述年龄代表了岩脉的侵位年龄。结合区内报道的同期年代学资料,进一步证明右江褶皱带及其周缘晚白垩世双峰式岩浆活动响应了华南地区燕山晚期的构造转换事件及随后大规模的岩石圈伸展减薄。  相似文献   

4.
刘超辉  刘福来 《岩石学报》2015,31(10):3107-3128
华北克拉通存在三个主要的中元古代裂谷带,从南到北分别为熊耳裂谷带、燕辽裂谷带以及渣尔泰-白云鄂博-化德裂谷带。其中熊耳群中火山岩的峰期年龄为1780~1750Ma,其上还有形成于被动大陆边缘的五佛山群、汝阳群以及官道口群。中北部的燕辽裂谷带包括长城系、蓟县系和青白口系,其中长城系团山子组和大红峪组火山岩的年龄分别为~1640Ma和1626~1622Ma,蓟县系高于庄组、雾迷山组和铁岭组凝灰岩的年龄分别为1560Ma、1485Ma和1437Ma,而下马岭组凝灰岩年龄为1366~1380Ma。北缘渣尔泰-白云鄂博-化德裂谷带中渣尔泰群书记沟组玄武岩年龄为1743Ma,阿古鲁沟组酸性火山岩年龄为~810Ma,白云鄂博群尖山组中基性火山岩年龄为1728Ma,化德群比鲁特组火山碎屑岩年龄为1515Ma。中元古代岩浆事件除了裂谷带中的火山作用外,还包括三期基性岩墙群(~1780Ma太行-吕梁岩墙群、~1730Ma密云岩墙群和~1620Ma泰山岩墙群)以及1.76Ga到1.65Ga非造山岩浆组合(斜长岩-环斑花岗岩体-A型花岗岩)。中元古代中期,华北克拉通北缘发育了基性岩席(墙)、A型花岗岩以及碳酸岩脉,双峰式岩浆作用说明华北北缘在中元古代中期经历了裂谷作用,与哥伦比亚超大陆的最终裂解有关,并且与白云鄂博巨型REE-Nb-Fe矿床的形成具有成因上的联系。华北克拉通北部两个裂谷带中的地层具有可以对比的层序以及时代,而中元古代中期辉绿岩墙、A型花岗岩以及碳酸岩脉可以与其它克拉通同时期的非造山岩浆作用对比,证明华北克拉通经历了哥伦比亚超大陆的最终裂解。古地磁数据已经证明在哥伦比亚超大陆时期Siberia、Laurentia、Baltica、Amazion以及华北克拉通是连接在一起的,而北缘中元古代中期大陆裂谷相关岩浆岩的发现也说明它是与另一个古大陆相连的。华北克拉通南缘熊耳火山岩的构造背景到底是大陆裂谷还是大陆边缘弧则关系着其是与另一个克拉通相连还是面向大海,这需要我们进一步深入研究。  相似文献   

5.
长白山天池火山粗面玄武岩的喷发历史与演化   总被引:18,自引:11,他引:18  
本文新提出的年代学和岩石化学结果,进一步从天池火山与区域火山活动的关系,论述了天池火山造盾、造锥历史和岩浆结晶分异转型的时间约束,早更新世早期(2Ma前)开始粗面玄武岩的造盾,早更新世晚期(约1Ma)粗面玄武岩向粗安岩、粗面岩演化,中更新世是粗面岩造锥的主阶段,到了晚更新世(约0.1Ma)粗面岩向碱流岩演化。在中-晚更新世来自地壳岩浆房的粗面岩、碱流岩造锥过程中,来自地幔的粗面玄武岩浆喷发活动始终没有间断过。由于来自地幔粗面玄武质岩浆持续向地壳岩浆房补给,所以天池火山是一座长寿命的火山。岩浆的结晶分异作用和混合作用是天池火山岩浆演化的两个最重要过程,前者形成天池火山双峰式火山岩分布特征,后者成为天池火山喷发的触发机制。天池火山在晚更新世-全新世碱流质岩浆主喷发期兼有少量玄武质粗安岩、粗安岩或粗面质岩浆的交替喷出,揭示了天池火山的地壳岩浆房熔体的分层结构特点,由于来自地幔粗面玄武质岩浆注入地壳岩浆房,导致不同层位岩浆的扰动和混合作用,触发天池火山的喷发。  相似文献   

6.
华北北部中生代岩墙群   总被引:27,自引:19,他引:27  
邵济安  张履桥 《岩石学报》2002,18(3):312-318
岩墙群是深源岩浆浅侵位的产物,它可提供有关壳-幔演化的重要信息。通过华北北部大同早中生代碳酸岩-煌斑岩岩墙群、赤峰早中生代闪长玢岩岩墙群、林西中生代辉绿岩岩墙群、京北晚中生代双峰式岩墙群的对比研究,揭示了华北中生代存在的两次底侵作用及其相关的伸展作用。华北早、晚中生代岩墙群与晋北地区元古代岩墙群的初步对比,从一个侧面反映了华北壳幔的演变。  相似文献   

7.
新疆克拉玛依中基性岩墙群的地质地球化学和K-Ar年代学   总被引:33,自引:0,他引:33  
新疆克拉玛依中基性岩墙群出现在后碰撞花岗岩(锆石U-Pb年龄约为300~320Ma)及其下石炭统火山岩-硅质岩围岩之中,空间分布受区域构造裂隙控制,总体走向以280°~300°为主,K-Ar表观年龄为241.3~271.5Ma。岩墙群属于亚碱性系列,根据岩性和Mg#的不同,可分为辉绿岩岩墙、高Mg#闪长玢岩岩墙和低Mg#(石英)闪长玢岩岩墙等三组。主元素、稀土元素和其他微量元素等资料表明,形成岩墙群的岩浆起源于亏损地幔,由部分熔融作用形成的原始玄武质岩浆在侵位过程中发生了分离结晶作用,但同时还受到同化混染作用的影响,致使克拉玛依岩墙群具有较典型的AFC过程的成因特征。克拉玛依岩墙群形成于新疆北部后碰撞伸展构造环境,是幔源岩浆活动的产物,因而可以作为地壳垂向生长的标志之一。  相似文献   

8.
处于龙岗地块和狼林地块之间的古元古代辽吉构造带内分布有大量的变质沉积-火山地层,在辽宁地区称为辽河群.对于辽河群沉积时限及其内部各岩组之间关系的认识一直存在分歧.为了限制古元古代变沉积岩(辽河群)的沉积时限及其内部各层位间关系,选择辽东地区高家峪组火山岩进行锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS年代学研究.测年结果显示高家峪组代表岩石成岩年龄的岩浆活动有4期2 179~2 145 Ma、2 079 Ma、1 985 Ma、1 928 Ma.结合前人已发表辽河群火山岩年代学数据显示,辽河群火山活动主要集中在3期:第1期(2 210~2 140 Ma)早期岩浆活动主要为酸性火山岩,在末期显示双峰式火山岩组合;第2期(2 100~2 050 Ma)岩浆活动以基性岩浆活动为主;第3期(2 000~1 960 Ma)岩浆活动也显示双峰式火山岩组合.辽河群火山岩的形成年龄将其沉积时限限制于2 229~1 928 Ma,沉积作用至少持续了300 Ma.火山岩年代学结果显示,辽河群浪子山组、里尔峪组、高家峪组和大石桥组火山岩形成时代呈现互相交替穿插关系,没有显示规律性的上下有序关系.结合野外辽河群各岩组之间多以韧性剪切带形式接触,认为辽河群各岩组之间不是从底到顶的有序沉积,而是“整体无序,局部有序”.   相似文献   

9.
北大巴山早古生代地层广泛出露一套超基性、基性岩墙和碱质火山杂岩(包括碱性玄武岩和粗面岩),为研究北大巴山早古生代构造演化提供了重要的载体。本文通过利用锆石U-Pb定年和金云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar同位素定年方法对它们的形成时代进行了系统研究,结合地球化学特征探讨它们的成因及构造意义。通过对岚皋县和镇坪县的两个辉绿岩墙开展锆石U-Pb定年,分别获得它们的年龄为399±1Ma和451±4 Ma,是研究区目前已报道的有关超基性、基性岩墙最年轻和最老的就位时代。地球化学分析结果表明,它们的主量元素与区内其他基性岩墙位于同一演化趋势线上,微量和稀土元素地球化学特征相似,类似于OIB的特征,表明它们来自相同的地幔源区。因此,研究区内基性岩墙侵入事件最早开始于晚奥陶世中期(约450Ma),结束于早泥盆世晚期(约400 Ma),期间经历了多次岩浆侵入活动。对与碱性玄武岩共生的火山碎屑岩中金云母晶屑进行~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar同位素定年,获得年龄446±3Ma,代表了火山喷发时间,表明碱性玄武质岩浆喷发活动与基性岩浆侵入事件大致同时发生。对粗面岩进行SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年虽未获得准确的岩浆结晶年龄,但较年轻锆石年龄(165±3Ma和229±2Ma)的存在,暗示其形成时代可能属于中生代。系统的年代学研究表明,北大巴山地区早古生代地层中的超基性、基性岩墙和碱性玄武质火山杂岩为同期岩浆活动的产物,最早开始于450Ma,经历了多期火山喷发和岩浆侵入活动(450~400 Ma),结束于早泥盆世晚期(~400Ma)。而粗面岩与上述岩石不是同一期岩浆活动产物,研究区不存在双峰式火成岩组合,它们可能形成于中生代,属于南秦岭中生代岩浆活动的产物,为南秦岭、北大巴山中生代成矿作用提供物源。  相似文献   

10.
锆石成因研究是判断锆石年龄意义的基础。本文以鲁西隆起区莱芜辉绿岩岩墙的锆石U_PbSHRIMP年代学研究为例,从锆石成因入手探讨基性岩墙群的锆石地质年代学分析中出现的一些问题。本区基性岩墙内存在两类锆石,一种是从围岩捕获的残余锆石,其谐和年龄为2 5 37±16Ma ;另一种为岩墙原生的岩浆锆石,谐和年龄为1139±2 5Ma和115 7±18Ma ,说明岩墙侵位时代约为中元古代。基性岩墙内原生岩浆锆石很少,因此,要谨慎分析锆石的成因类型和年龄谱系,不能简单地以大多数数据的平均年龄为准,而应该以地层接触关系和岩浆岩交切关系为基本证据,结合各种同位素绝对年龄的分析来确定基性岩墙的侵位时代。  相似文献   

11.
Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous.  相似文献   

12.
The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism.  相似文献   

13.
正The Precambrian shields and associated suture zones of the globe preserve important records of continental growth and destruction,the formation and closure of ocean basins,and the early evolution of the Earth in terms of tectonics,resources,and environment.They also offer critical clues on the nature and style  相似文献   

14.
正1.Introduction This special issue of Geoscience Frontiers is a tribute volume honoring the life and career of Jacques Touret.A set of research papers has been assembled,which broadly reflect his research interests over his 50 plus year career.These papers focus on the role that fluids play during the formation and evolution of the Earth's crust.Below I provide a brief summary of the life of Jacques Touret,along with a select bibliography of his more important papers.This is then followed by a brief introduction to the papers assembled for this special issue.  相似文献   

15.
正1 AIM AND SCOPE GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS(GSF)is a bi-monthly international journal that publishes in English high quality original research articles and timely reviews in interdisciplinary fields of Earth and Planetary Sciences.GSF aims to bridge innovative,provocative and challenging concepts and models related to various fields of research including petrology and geochemistry in understanding lithospheric architecture and mantle dynamics,global tectonics,economic geology and fuel exploration,geophysics,stratigraphy and paleontology with new  相似文献   

16.
正The world petroleum exploration suggests that,about70%of the world’s potash resources were discovered during oil and gas exploration(Zheng et al.,2007).The Kuqa depression in the Tarim basin is abundant with petroleum exploration data,and  相似文献   

17.
正Qarhan Salt Lake is located in the eastern part of the Qaidam Basin,which is first discovered the large potash deposit in the late 1950s.The Bieletan section is located in the west of Qarhan Salt Lake,where saline sediment  相似文献   

18.
正With the approach of the 45th World Earth Day,China’s Ministry of Land and Resources issued the status of the Chinese geological survey and environments on 22nd April 2013.Regional geological survey in 2013 achieved new results—(why was oceanic in twice?)polar and oceanic expedition were fully completed,a national census of geography was begun,and  相似文献   

19.
正1 Introduction The Lop Nor playa,located in the eastern end of the Tarim Basin,capped with a thick salt crust covering an area of approximately 5,500 km2(Ma 2007)that closely resembles a"Great Ear"in satellite images.Understanding the formation of the salt crust can provide important  相似文献   

20.
In Liaoning, Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Gansu, Sichuan, Anhui, Jilin and other provinces in China, there is a wide occurrence of metal quantity over 1000 tons of refractory gold ores, principally because of low gold recoveries and become "stay mine". Features of refi'actory gold ores are: gold in micro-particles or a microscopic state that is wrapped in pyrite, presence of arsenopyrite and other sulfide minerals or disseminated in the crystal lattice of sulfide minerals; harmful impurity elements such as arsenic, carbon, mercury, antimony, copper with high content are closely related with the gold, and these elements affect the contact reaction between the gold and solvent extraction, making the recovery of the gold extraction process low. In the past 20 years, overseas countries have developed the application of the roasting oxidation method, hot acid (alkali) oxidation, bacterial oxidation and flash chlorination oxidation technology to solve this problem.Among these, biological oxidation has developed rapidly in the domestic market and gold enterprises abroad because of its low investment in infrastructure, low production costs, less environmental pollution, simple process and easy control, etc.  相似文献   

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