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1.
罗河铁矿床是20世纪80年代在长江中下游成矿带庐枞盆地中发现的规模最大的铁矿床。经深部找矿勘探工作,2013年在罗河铁矿床主矿体800~1000 m之下又发现了小包庄铁矿床,这是近年来在长江中下游成矿带深部找矿工作中的重大进展之一,对该矿床地质特征的总结和形成时代的精确厘定,是正确分析矿床成因机制,完善玢岩型铁矿床成矿理论的关键。文章在已有研究的基础上,通过详细的钻孔岩芯观察、系统的岩相学和矿相学及电子探针分析测试工作,查明了罗河铁矿和小包庄铁矿的矿化蚀变特征,厘定了矿化阶段,初步探讨了成矿作用过程;对小包庄铁矿床进行了高精度金云母~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar同位素年代学研究,获得坪年龄为(130.32±0.78)Ma,相应的等时线年龄为(130.5±1.5)Ma,反等时线年龄为(130.4±1.3)Ma。结合庐枞盆地及区域成岩成矿时代,认为盆地内玢岩型铁矿床集中形成于130 Ma左右,是长江中下游成矿带第二阶段(135~126 Ma)成矿作用的产物。  相似文献   

2.
喀腊大湾铁矿是近年来在阿尔金地区发现的超大型铁矿,目前控制储量近亿吨,且该铁矿具有品位高,低硫低磷等特点。由于矿床围岩的特殊性,该矿床的成因一直存在较大争议。利用Re-Os同位素定年方法,对喀腊大湾矿体中的5件辉钼矿样品进行了成矿时代测定,获得辉钼矿Re-Os同位素模式年龄为490±11Ma,等时线年龄为481.9±7.6Ma。二者在误差范围内基本一致。该年龄与成矿相关岩体的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄488±5Ma及479±4Ma吻合,且发现的矿体附近都有闪长岩体出露,表明成岩和成矿关系密切。结合岩石学、矿物学及年代学特征,认为喀腊大湾铁矿为矽卡岩矿床。  相似文献   

3.
宁芜盆地闪长玢岩的形成时代及对成矿的指示意义   总被引:40,自引:24,他引:16  
范裕  周涛发  袁峰  张乐骏  钱兵  马良 《岩石学报》2010,26(9):2715-2728
宁芜盆地是长江中下游成矿带的重要组成部分和玢岩型铁矿床的主要产地,盆地内广泛产出闪长玢岩,这类岩体与铁矿床的形成关系密切,但其精确的成岩成矿时代及其形成构造背景的研究仍十分薄弱。本次工作在详细野外地质工作的基础上,系统开展了盆地内与铁矿床有关的7个闪长玢岩体的年代学研究,通过对闪长玢岩锆石LA-ICP-MS同位素定年方法,确定了盆地内主要闪长玢岩体,凹山岩体、陶村岩体、和尚桥岩体、东山岩体、白象山岩体、和睦山岩体和姑山岩体的成岩时代分别为130.2±2.0Ma、130.7±1.8Ma、131.1±1.5Ma、131.1±3.1Ma、130.0±1.4Ma、131.1±1.9Ma和129.2±1.7Ma。定年结果表明盆地内闪长玢岩成岩年龄均为130Ma左右,其成岩年龄可以近似代表铁矿床的成矿年龄。长江中下游地区存在145~136Ma、135~127Ma、126~123Ma三期成岩(成矿)作用,宁芜盆地内闪长玢岩是第二期岩浆活动的产物,其形成时代明显晚于长江中下游成矿带断隆区内与斑岩型-矽卡岩型铜(铁)、金矿床有关的高钾钙碱性岩体。宁芜盆地内闪长玢岩及玢岩型铁矿床形成于区域岩石圈伸展构造环境。  相似文献   

4.
长江中下游是中国东部中生代大规模成矿的重要地区之一,是中国东部一个重要的Cu-Fe-Au-Mo多金属成矿区带。鄂东南地区铜铁多金属矿床是长江中下游地区金属成矿带的重要组成部分,但关于岩体年龄及岩体热年代学的研究比较少,本文以湖北大冶与矽卡岩型铁矿床有关的铁山岩体中的黑云母与角闪石为研究对象,利用40Ar-39Ar阶段加热同位素定年方法对该岩体进行了成岩时代的研究,获得了黑云母、角闪石的40Ar-39Ar坪年龄分别为(133.0±1.0)Ma、(137.0±2.0)Ma,等时线年龄分别为(133.4±1.5)Ma、(137.3±1.6)Ma,结合前人的资料,认为黑云母、角闪石的40Ar-39Ar坪年龄代表了铁山岩体的成岩时代,结果与鄂东南地区和长江中下游地区成矿岩体年龄一致。与铜陵地区主要成矿岩体年龄对比,利用岩体冷速率与成矿关系以及小岩体成大矿的原理,铁山岩体冷速率偏高,成矿规模一般与冷速率呈反相关,但可能由于其有着特殊的生长结构,浅部小侵入体可以得到一定深度岩浆房的成矿流体和热能补充,以致会出现"小岩体成大矿"的现象。同时,在结合已有的岩石学、地球化学以及矿床同位素年龄资料基础上,可以推断出鄂东南地区早白垩世矽卡岩铁矿床形成于岩石圈伸展-减薄环境。  相似文献   

5.
西藏措勤县的隆格尔铁矿位于拉萨地块隆格尔-工布江达弧背断隆带的西段,是冈底斯西段中生代矽卡岩型铁矿中重要的矿床之一。野外和室内工作表明,隆格尔铁矿床属矽卡岩型铁矿,与成矿有关的岩体为粗粒二长花岗岩。因此,本文通过对隆格尔铁矿成矿岩体的LA_ICP_MS和SHRIMP锆石U_Pb定年来探讨其成矿时代。分析结果表明:隆格尔粗粒二长花岗岩年龄为115.5±2.1 Ma,可近似代表铁成矿年龄。隆格尔铁矿与其东侧同处于同一构造单元内的尼雄铁矿床成岩成矿年龄为110~116 Ma,两者间的洛布勒铁矿床的成岩成矿年龄为111.3±1.6 Ma。这些铁矿床处于相同的构造单元,具相似的成矿特征和相近的成岩成矿年龄,构成一条东西向展布的早白垩世矽卡岩型铁矿成矿带,并可能向西延伸包括帮部勒、龙认拉、查加寺等矽卡岩型铁矿床。该带上还发育有晚白垩世的矽卡岩型铜金矿床,如日阿铜金矿床,成矿年龄均为87 Ma。因此,这一成矿带应当具有相同或相似的地质背景和构造-岩浆演化过程。隆格尔铁矿床乃至整个成矿带成铁的岩浆活动可能与洋壳断离前的板片回卷过程相关,成铜金的岩浆活动可能与洋壳断离过程相关,而矿区内石英闪长岩的侵入处于两者之间。  相似文献   

6.
宁芜盆地是长江中下游成矿带的7个矿集区之一,以中生代火山岩和玢岩铁矿的广泛发育为特征。凹山铁矿床位于盆地中部,是宁芜盆地玢岩型铁矿床的重要代表之一。本文首次利用成矿元素Fe的金属矿物对宁芜盆地凹山铁矿床的黄铁矿进行了Re-Os同位素测年,获得凹山铁矿床的黄铁矿Re-Os同位素等时线年龄为127.7±2.6Ma(n=5,MSWD=0.66),直接代表凹山铁矿床的成矿年龄。~(187)Os/~(188)Os初始比值为1.73±0.56,γ_(Os(t))值为527.18~535.93,介于地幔与地壳之间,结合已有研究成果,认为凹山铁矿床的成矿物质主要来源于富集地幔,少量来自地壳。  相似文献   

7.
为了查明冈底斯成矿带隆格尔富铁矿床的成矿时代、形成环境及其对区域铁成矿作用的指示,对该矿床开展了岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素及金云母Ar-Ar定年分析,结果表明:(1)矿区存在早白垩世花岗闪长岩(116.3 Ma)和晚白垩世闪长岩(94.3~93.8 Ma)两个阶段的岩浆活动,主矿体金云母40Ar/39Ar等时线年龄为93.71±2.96 Ma,表明该铁矿形成于晚白垩世;(2)与主矿体成矿相关的闪长岩具较低SiO2含量(52.17%~55.32%),富集LREE及Rb、Ba、Pb等大离子亲石元素,亏损HREE和Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,属于高钾钙碱性和准铝质岩石系列,锆石εHf(t)介于1.4~3.6,Mg#指数极高(0.59~0.64),暗示成矿岩体有较多的幔源物质加入,具有壳幔混合特征;(3)结合冈底斯带其他铁矿床时代,可以将冈底斯铁成矿作用划分为~115 Ma、~94 Ma和50~65 Ma三期,隆格尔铁矿床属于冈底斯带新一期(晚白垩世)富铁成矿作用;(4)对比冈底斯成矿带多阶段矽卡岩型铁成矿作用发现,隆格尔铁矿成矿岩体与其他时期铁矿具有明显的地球化学差异,幔源物质较多的中基性岩浆相对于酸性岩浆可能更容易形成富铁矿床.   相似文献   

8.
华北地区是我国最大的矽卡岩型富铁矿床集中区,但目前对区域铁矿床的成矿年代学研究尚不系统和全面,从而制约了对其成矿构造背景的理解。山东莱芜张家洼矽卡岩型铁矿床是华北克拉通东部最重要平炉富铁矿产地之一,铁矿体主要赋存于早白垩世矿山岩体与中奥陶统碳酸盐岩的接触带、石炭系本溪组与奥陶系间不整合面的层间构造破碎带。金云母是张家洼铁矿床最主要的含水矽卡岩矿物,且与磁铁矿密切共生,对其进行40Ar/39Ar定年可为张家洼铁矿床的成矿时代提供约束。本文对张家洼铁矿床I号矿区和港里矿区的两件金云母单矿物样品进行了激光阶段加热40Ar/39Ar同位素分析,获得很好的坪年龄,分别为129. 7±0. 8 Ma和131. 5±1. 2 Ma (2σ)。上述年龄数据与矿山岩体的锆石和矽卡岩中热液榍石的U- Pb年龄一致,证实张家洼铁矿床的成矿时代为130 Ma左右。对张家洼及华北克拉通其他矽卡岩型铁矿床现有同位素年龄数据的综合分析表明,整个华北克拉通内的矽卡岩型铁矿成矿作用具有同时性和爆发性,绝多大数矿床均形成于130 Ma左右,指示华北地区大规模矽卡岩型铁成矿作用是对华北克拉通岩石圈减薄和破坏的响应。  相似文献   

9.
胡军  徐德明  张鲲  王磊  陈沐龙  云平 《矿床地质》2017,36(2):303-316
新村钼矿床是海南省近年来发现的具中型规模的钼矿床。文章对赋矿二长花岗岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为(102.0±1.5)Ma(MSWD=2.3);对辉钼矿进行Re-Os同位素定年,获得5件样品的模式年龄范围为(97.29±1.43)Ma~(98.52±1.55)Ma,加权平均年龄为(97.84±0.64)Ma,等时线年龄为(98.90±3.40)Ma,成岩年龄与成矿年龄在误差范围内一致。辉钼矿的Re含量和锆石Hf同位素特征指示新村钼矿的成岩成矿物质来自于壳幔混源。新村钼矿床的成岩成矿年龄与海南岛最重要的钼成矿期(95~105 Ma)一致,属中国东部早白垩世晚期—晚白垩世早期钼成矿事件的一部分,与该时期岩石圈大规模拉伸减薄、软流圈上涌及强烈壳-幔作用密切相关。  相似文献   

10.
宣龙式铁矿是我国北方最重要的沉积型铁矿床。华北克拉通长城系串岭沟组底部砂页岩是宣龙式铁矿床的赋存层位,对该地层的年代学研究有助于深入完善长城系地层年代框架、认识区域成岩成矿过程并反演克拉通的演化历史。本文对河北宣化姜家寨铁矿床串岭沟组底部铁矿体顶板砂页岩中碎屑锆石进行了LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究,获得了三组主要的峰值年龄,加权平均年龄分别为1774.1±7.9Ma、1849.0±7.8Ma和2453.0±7.8Ma。揭示出华北克拉通中部带经历了三期较为重要的地质构造、岩浆作用和变质作用事件。在串岭沟组下部砂岩中我们获得了4颗较年轻的岩浆碎屑锆石,年龄为1657.4~1694.4Ma,代表了串岭沟组底部形成的时间下限,制约了姜家寨宣龙式铁矿床的形成时代不早于1657Ma。对比研究得出,1774.1Ma的峰值年龄数据与华北克拉通内18亿年后广泛发育的基性岩墙群的形成时代一致,代表了华北克拉通的在拼合后的抬升事件时间。在1.8~1.6Ga华北克拉通拉张期间形成了大庙式等钒钛磁铁矿-磷灰石铁矿(1720Ma左右)。基于时间和区域的一致性,我们推断,遭受抬升剥蚀的富铁基性岩墙群不仅是串岭沟组的物源之一,极有可能也是宣龙式铁矿床中铁质的主要物源之一。  相似文献   

11.
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.  相似文献   

12.
本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。  相似文献   

13.
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提  相似文献   

14.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

15.
本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。  相似文献   

16.
Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.  相似文献   

17.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率   总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1  
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。  相似文献   

18.
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes.  相似文献   

19.
滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床.  相似文献   

20.
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources.  相似文献   

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