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1.
为阐释岩浆两阶段演化过程及其与铁成矿的关系,对邯邢铁矿区斑状石英二长岩中角闪石斑晶环带结构进行了成因矿物学研究.通过角闪石温度计、压力计、氧逸度计和湿度计的计算,发现岩浆在14km深处岩浆房内经过多次岩浆混合过程,其后演化的岩浆侵位到1.9 km的深度.岩浆房的温度为935～964℃,氧逸度为△NNO+0.27～△NNO+0.85,含水量为4.64％～6.29％,岩浆定位后角闪石结晶的平均温度为719℃,氧逸度为ANNO+2.16,含水量为3.94％.通过黑云母温度计和氧逸度计等验证,该计算结果可靠.岩浆较高的含水量和定位后显著增加的氧逸度有利于富铁的流体/熔浆与硅酸盐熔浆的分离,并最终形成邯邢式铁矿. 相似文献
2.
华北克拉通中部造山带发育的早白垩世钾质岩是研究华北克拉通中部幔源岩浆成因的天然样品,然而其成岩物理化学条件仍不明确。本文选取了涞源县龙门岩体中闪长岩和二长岩开展了矿物原位地球化学和锆石微量元素分析,以探讨矿物形成的温压条件及氧逸度与矿化的关系。分析结果显示,二长岩和闪长岩的锆石Th/U比值较高(>0.1),轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集,具明显的Ce正异常和Eu负异常特征,并具有明显的震荡环带,为典型岩浆成因锆石。电子探针结果显示,龙门岩体中斜长石主要为中性斜长石,黑云母为原生镁质黑云母,角闪石主要为钙铁闪石。闪长岩中角闪石结晶温度为793~842℃,压力为0.50~0.75GPa,深度范围为19~28km,具有较低氧逸度(log f O 2为-12.21~-11.38)和高的含水量(8.5%~10.75%);二长岩中黑云母结晶温度为764~788℃,具有更低的氧逸度(log f O 2=-15.14~-14.54);闪长岩和二长岩中锆石结晶温度为770~978℃,具有较低的氧逸度(ΔFMQ=-0.37~+1.70)。矿物化学分析表明,角闪石和黑云母虽都在地壳开始结晶,但角闪石形成于比黑云母更深的岩浆房。龙门岩体中角闪石、黑云母和锆石的结晶主要受岩浆分异控制,其地球化学动力学机制主要为岩浆上侵时减压熔融,进而引起岩浆氧逸度随岩浆演化而变化。随着岩浆上涌,闪长岩中角闪石随着温度降低和压力减少逐渐结晶,地幔交代作用导致二长岩中的黑云母具有较高的X Mg值,进而形成镁质黑云母。结合区域地质背景,古太平洋板块(伊佐奈琦板块)俯冲-后撤释放的流体交代上覆岩石圈地幔对中部造山带钾质岩(~141Ma)的形成有一定贡献,该过程导致了岩浆具有较高的含水量,但龙门岩体低的氧逸度和区域上较厚的岩石圈制约了成矿金属物质(Fe-Au等)的迁移和富集,因而不利于亲硫、亲铁元素聚集以及铁、金矿化的形成。 相似文献
3.
姚安金矿床位于金沙江-哀牢山富碱斑岩带中段,大地构造位置处于扬子板块西缘与三江特提斯构造域结合部位,其成矿与新生代富碱斑岩密切相关.前人研究都集中在富矿岩体的岩石学、矿物学和地球化学特征,对贫矿岩体研究甚少.文章以姚安矿区贫矿正长斑岩为研究对象,在岩相学基础上对姚安正长斑岩中的角闪石,黑云母进行了电子探针分析,计算了矿物结晶的温压条件、氧逸度和含水量等要素,并与其他地区富矿岩体与贫矿岩体进行了对比,讨论了富矿岩体与贫矿岩体在矿物化学尺度上的差异性.姚安贫矿正长斑岩角闪石富MgO(11.82％～12.93％)、CaO(11.25％～11.58％)、K2O(1.09％～1.37％)、Na2O(1.99％～2.21％),属于镁闪石;计算得出角闪石结晶温度为822.47～850.69℃,压力112.69～151.21 MPa;侵位深度为3.72～5.44 km.黑云母为岩浆成因且富镁,w(MgO)为14.36％～18.01％,Fe2+/(Mg+Fe2+)比值0.23～0.34,属于镁质黑云母.黑云母结晶温度为719.69～738.78℃;压力51.15～178.35 MPa;侵位深度1.69～5.89 km.通过角闪石成分计算岩浆氧逸度变化介于ΔNNO+0.20到ΔNNO+0.91,略高于Ni-NiO出溶线.根据角闪石化学成分计算出岩浆含水量介于2.54％～3.02％.大型-超大型斑岩Cu矿多金属矿与高氧逸度、富水的浅侵位中酸性岩浆密切相关,对比姚安富矿岩体和成矿带上马厂菁、北衙的富矿岩体,姚安贫矿岩体与六合贫矿岩体相似,具有低氧逸度,较深的侵位深度的特点.低氧逸度致使金属元素早期以硫化物形式沉淀,无法随岩浆运移,较深的侵位深度使得流体难以出溶成矿.以上特征是其不成矿的关键因素. 相似文献
4.
二十一站岩体位于黑龙江省东北部大兴安岭地区塔河县境内,该岩体产出的岩石类型包括早白垩世二长岩和石英二长斑岩及早侏罗世花岗岩和二长岩等,在该岩体中已发现斑岩型铜金矿床,但是该岩体形成的物理化学条件和岩石成因尚不清楚,不同岩性岩浆岩的成矿潜力也不明确。鉴于此,本文以二十一站岩体中不同时代的花岗岩、二长岩、石英二长斑岩的黑云母和角闪石为研究对象,结合偏光显微镜、电子探针背散射图像和电子探针化学成分,对该岩体的岩石学、矿物学特征进行了研究,并对岩浆结晶的物理化学条件、岩石成因和成矿意义进行了探讨。结果显示:早白垩世二长岩中角闪石化学成分显示:角闪石富钙(CaO 11.21%~11.78%)、富镁(MgO 13.61%~14.85%)、贫钠(Na2O 0.80%~1.11%)和贫钾(K2O 0.40%~0.54%),属于镁角闪石,结晶温度为704.92~805.58℃,平均温度为761.82℃,压力为73.83~115.93MPa,对应岩浆侵位深度为2.8~4.4km,结晶时岩浆氧逸度为△NNO+1.63,含水量为H2O=4.92%,反映出岩浆结晶时高温、高氧逸度、富含水分、浅侵位的特征。黑云母的Fe2+/(Fe2++Mg)比值比较均一,反映黑云母未遭受后期流体改造,均为原生岩浆成因的黑云母。其中早侏罗世花岗岩和二长岩所代表的A类黑云母化学成分上富铁(TFeO 19.92%~22.42%)贫镁(MgO 7.99%~10.46%),属于铁质黑云母,早白垩世二长岩和石英二长斑岩所代表的B类黑云母相比于A类黑云母更富镁(MgO 12.38%~14.45%)和钛(TiO21.90%~2.75%),贫铁(TFeO 16.64%~17.97%)和铝(Al2O315.00%~16%.79),属于镁质黑云母。A类和B类黑云母对应岩浆结晶温度分别为720~740℃和750~780℃;压力为202.20~443.49MPa和158~231MPa,对应岩浆侵位深度为6.67~14.64km和5.24~7.24km;结晶时岩浆氧逸度分别为10-15~10-16和10-12~10-13;岩浆来源为壳源,且B类黑云母对应岩浆有地幔物质参与。因此,可以认为二十一站岩体中早白垩世二长岩和石英二长斑岩具有中高温,高氧逸度应含水量,岩浆主要来源于地壳物质的部分熔融,并有部分地幔物质参与,侵位深度较浅的特点,具有形成大型斑岩矿床的潜力。早侏罗世花岗岩和二长岩氧逸度相对较低,侵位较深,物质来源为地壳,因此不具备成矿潜力。 相似文献
5.
火神庙岩体位于华北陆块南缘栾川矿集区西部,为一杂岩体,主要由石英闪长岩、二长花岗岩和花岗斑岩组成,其中石英闪长岩出露于边部,构成了岩体的主体。为准确厘定石英闪长岩的形成过程以及形成的物理化学条件,并为进一步确定火神庙钼矿床成因提供依据,对主要造岩矿物(斜长石、钾长石、角闪石和黑云母)成分进行了详细的研究。结果显示石英闪长岩中的斜长石主要为中长石,可分为“正环带”斜长石、“反环带”斜长石和“韵律环带”斜长石;钾长石为正长石;角闪石为镁角闪石;黑云母属于原生镁质- 铁质黑云母。石英闪长岩形成过程中岩浆经历了多期演化：早期岩浆稳定结晶,结晶出An=30～35的斜长石;中期岩浆含水量增加,斜长石An值显著升高,An=39～42;晚期岩浆稳定结晶、含水量降低,结晶出An=42～28的斜长石。岩浆结晶温度为798～830℃、结晶压力上限为198～242MPa、氧逸度为-14～-13。镁铁质岩浆较高的氧逸度、温度及Cl含量与火神庙钼矿床的形成密切相关。 相似文献
6.
《地学前缘》2017,(6):80-97
似斑状角闪辉长岩类是东天山镁铁-超镁铁杂岩的一部分,以含有嵌晶角闪石为特征,其中部分岩体的似斑状角闪辉长岩赋存铁钛氧化物矿床。为探讨东天山似斑状角闪辉长岩类和铁钛氧化物矿床形成的内在成因关系,本次研究对二红洼、牛毛泉和香山西似斑状角闪辉长岩类的斜长石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石以及嵌晶角闪石进行了系统的电子探针成分分析,并对其形成物理化学条件进行了探讨。结果表明,东天山似斑状角闪辉长岩类的母岩浆氧逸度变化范围为NNO-0.37~NNO+1.15,和攀西地区最大的红格岩体的氧逸度一致,侵入于中下地壳,深度介于8.9~15.7km,结晶温度大于914℃。东天山似斑状角闪辉长岩中铁钛氧化物矿床的富集得益于母岩浆的高氧逸度,但铁钛氧化物矿床的形成和规模则受控于各个岩体的岩浆演化程度。二红洼、牛毛泉和香山西的岩浆的演化程度系统增高,演化程度最低的二红洼岩体并未形成铁钛氧化物矿床,而分异演化程度逐渐增高的牛毛泉和香山西似斑状角闪辉长岩类则分别形成了本区一个小型的和一个大型的铁钛氧化物矿床。 相似文献
7.
尾亚—天湖地区位于新疆中亚造山带东南部的中天山地块内,晚古生代—中生代岩浆活动强烈,产出了战略性关键矿产尾亚钒铁磁铁矿。在详细岩相学观察的基础上,对尾亚、天湖和沙泉子南岩体中的角闪石和黑云母进行了电子探针(EMPA)测试分析,限定了3个岩体结晶的温压条件、氧逸度、含水量和含铁指数等要素,为解析中天山地块的岩浆-成矿物化条件及其区域找矿勘查工作提供参考。测试结果表明,该区花岗岩类中的角闪石富镁、钙、钠,贫钾,属于钙角闪石族;黑云母有高镁、钛、铝、钾和低硅、钠的特征为镁质黑云母。角闪石和黑云母的化学成分揭示其寄主岩浆为钙碱性造山带岩系,具有壳幔混源的特征,推测可能是板块俯冲背景下由地幔楔与大陆地壳物质混熔形成。根据角闪石-黑云母矿物温压计,估算出沙泉子南石英闪长岩的结晶温度为651~753 ℃,压力为31~79 MPa,尾亚二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩的结晶温度为762~833 ℃,压力为85~215 MPa,天湖花岗闪长岩的结晶温度为668~812 ℃,压力为31~117 MPa。3个岩体岩浆结晶时的氧逸度lgf(O2)范围为-15.7~-9.4,而且在角闪石结晶时岩浆具有较高的含水量。综合分析,认为该区的花岗岩类具有高温、低压、高氧逸度、富水和高含铁指数的特点,有利于Fe等成矿元素在流体中富集,具有良好的铁矿成矿条件。进一步利用角闪石-黑云母压力计,计算了花岗岩类岩体的侵位深度,从而估算出岩体的剥蚀程度处于2.2~5.5 km,且区域的隆升剥蚀量差异明显;结合现有的矿产地表展布特征,推测天湖岩体一带深部仍具有较好的铁矿找矿潜力。 相似文献
8.
本文利用黑云母和角闪石的化学成份对宁镇地区的安基山石英闪长玢岩和石马岩体斑状花岗闪长岩的形成条件进行丁讨论,并结合野外及室内的岩石学工作和实验结果讨论了暗色造岩矿物对两个岩体形成条件所得到的结果,认为利用黑云母和角闪石的化学成分所确定的温度、压力、氧逸度和水逸度条件是基本正确的。黑云母和角闪石是花岗岩类岩石中普遍存在的两种暗色造岩矿物,它们的化学成分与岩浆结晶时的物理化学条件密切相关,因而可以作为岩浆结晶时物理化学条件的指示剂。本文试图通过列宁镇地区安基山岩体和石马岩体的黑云母及角闪石研究,探讨这两个岩体形成的物理化学条件。 相似文献
9.
《地学前缘》2021,(3)
尾亚—天湖地区位于新疆中亚造山带东南部的中天山地块内,晚古生代—中生代岩浆活动强烈,产出了战略性关键矿产尾亚钒铁磁铁矿。在详细岩相学观察的基础上,对尾亚、天湖和沙泉子南岩体中的角闪石和黑云母进行了电子探针(EMPA)测试分析,限定了 3个岩体结晶的温压条件、氧逸度、含水量和含铁指数等要素,为解析中天山地块的岩浆-成矿物化条件及其区域找矿勘查工作提供参考。测试结果表明,该区花岗岩类中的角闪石富镁、钙、钠,贫钾,属于钙角闪石族;黑云母有高镁、钛、铝、钾和低硅、钠的特征为镁质黑云母。角闪石和黑云母的化学成分揭示其寄主岩浆为钙碱性造山带岩系,具有壳幔混源的特征,推测可能是板块俯冲背景下由地幔楔与大陆地壳物质混熔形成。根据角闪石-黑云母矿物温压计,估算出沙泉子南石英闪长岩的结晶温度为651～753℃,压力为31～79 MPa,尾亚二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩的结晶温度为762～833℃,压力为85～215 MPa,天湖花岗闪长岩的结晶温度为668～812℃,压力为31～117 MPa。3个岩体岩浆结晶时的氧逸度lgf (O_2)范围为-15.7～-9.4,而且在角闪石结晶时岩浆具有较高的含水量。综合分析,认为该区的花岗岩类具有高温、低压、高氧逸度、富水和高含铁指数的特点,有利于Fe等成矿元素在流体中富集,具有良好的铁矿成矿条件。进一步利用角闪石-黑云母压力计,计算了花岗岩类岩体的侵位深度,从而估算出岩体的剥蚀程度处于2.2～5.5 km,且区域的隆升剥蚀量差异明显;结合现有的矿产地表展布特征,推测天湖岩体一带深部仍具有较好的铁矿找矿潜力。 相似文献
10.
鄂东南矿集区鸡冠嘴矽卡岩型金铜矿床含矿岩体中辉石和角闪石成分变化特征及其对岩浆演化和成矿的指示意义 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为了解长江中下游地区与金铜矿化有关的岩体在浅部的演化过程及其对成矿的作用,本文对鄂东南矿集区鸡冠嘴矽卡岩型金铜矿成矿岩体石英二长闪长斑岩进行了详细的岩相学观察,并利用电子探针(EMPA)分析了其中辉石和角闪石的主量成分。岩相学特征显示辉石形成时间早于角闪石。辉石成分变化较小,而角闪石成分变化较大。角闪石可根据Al的含量分为高低两组,即高铝含量的自形角闪石以及低铝含量的半自形及他形角闪石。高铝角闪石又不同程度的被低铝角闪石交代。通过矿物温压计估算辉石形成的温度和压力为1055~1071℃(平均1060℃)和224~312MPa(平均255MPa)。高铝角闪石形成的温度和压力为809~864℃(平均833℃),108~193MPa(平均137MPa),低铝角闪石形成的温度和压力为721~766℃(平均741℃),48~67MPa(平均56MPa)。岩浆具有较高的氧逸度,并且从高铝角闪石到低铝角闪石,熔体的氧逸度从△NNO+0.6升高到△NNO+1.9。岩浆经历了连续的侵位历史,从9.6km到5.2km的岩浆房再到2.1km的浅地壳处就位。岩浆在9.6km处经历了辉石的分离结晶,在5.2km处经历了角闪石及少部分斜长石的分离结晶,在2.1km处经历由于降压引起的流体出溶。由于深部的分离结晶作用,熔体中的水含量增加,氧逸度升高。较高的水含量使岩浆更容易演化出成矿热液,较高的氧逸度使岩浆演化早期没有硫化物的分离结晶,从而阻止了成矿元素在岩浆演化早期亏损。鸡冠嘴岩体较浅的就位深度也更有利于成矿流体的析出。这些因素共同作用形成了鸡冠嘴金铜矿床。 相似文献
11.
矿物环带结构是岩浆过程的良好记录,而矿物温压计可以定量计算岩浆的物理化学条件。该次研究对邯邢地区中生代侵入岩中两个浅成侵入体中典型的斜长石斑晶进行了电子探针和LA-ICP-MS元素面扫描,同时对其中不同成因的角闪石晶体进行了电子探针分析和物理化学条件计算。通过研究发现这两个样品中的斜长石斑晶属于循环晶。辉石闪长玢岩中的斜长石斑晶主要成分为更长石,而斑状石英二长岩中斜长石斑晶主要成分为中长石和拉长石。两者具有明显不同的环带结构,分别记录了不同的岩浆混合过程:前者记录了基性岩浆多次注入酸性岩浆房,并最终获得体积优势;后者记录了少量基性岩浆注入酸性岩浆房内,两者不断混合,形成均质化岩浆的过程。Fe元素从斜长石中心到边部有富集的趋势,表明岩浆最终向富铁的方向演化。角闪石温压计的计算结果表明,辉石闪长玢岩的岩浆房深度在5.5 km左右,温度大约为850 ℃,氧逸度大约为ΔNNO+1,熔体中的含水量大约为4.0%,其最终侵位于2.1 km的地壳深度。而斑状石英二长岩最终定位于2.0 km的地壳深度,角闪石结晶的平均温度为737 ℃,相对氧逸度为ΔNNO+1.2,熔体含水量为3.9%。 相似文献
12.
Hornblende dehydration reactions during magma ascent at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
V. J. E. Buckley R. S. J. Sparks B. J. Wood 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2006,151(2):121-140
Hornblende phenocrysts in recent andesites of the Soufrière Hills Volcano display reaction rims of microcrystalline plagioclase,
pyroxene, Fe-oxides and interstitial glass, formed by decompression during magma ascent. Mass balance calculations give the
following reactions with mineral proportions in agreement with modal abundances:
These reactions require an open chemical system with exchange of selected components with surrounding melt. Volatiles, TiO2 and alkalis are expelled and SiO2 and FeOT are consumed. Matrix glasses fall into two compositional groups. Glasses in pumice are relatively rich in CaO and poor in
K2O and Na2O compared to glasses in dome samples. The former glasses formed by moderate amounts of groundmass crystallisation of plagioclase,
associated with rapid magma ascent in explosive eruptions. The later glasses evolved in response to hornblende breakdown,
groundmass crystallisation and mixing of melts from different levels during slow magma ascent and extended residence time
in the dome. Interstitial glass compositions in reaction rims reflect the compositions of the surrounding matrix glasses,
but show variable compositional differences mostly consistent with the proposed open-system reactions. 相似文献
13.
The Han-Xing region is located in the south Taihang Mountains (TM) in the central part of the North China Craton, and is an important iron producing area. The iron deposits in this region are of skarn type, related to an Early Cretaceous high-Mg diorite complex, including gabbro diorite, hornblende diorite, diorite, diorite porphyrite, and monzonite. In this study we report the detailed mineral chemistry of the high-Mg diorites and skarn rocks. The olivine in the gabbro diorite shows chemical composition similar to that in mantle peridotite xenoliths. Clinopyroxene in the gabbro diorite is dominantly augite, with only minor diopside, whereas the clinopyroxenes in the diorite and monzonite are diopside. Amphiboles in the high-Mg diorites show compositional range from magnesiohornblende to magnesiohastingsite, with minor pargasite and tschermakite. Most plagioclase in the high-Mg diorite is andesine and oligoclase. The magnesio-biotite in gabbro diorites shows chemical characteristics of re-equilibrated primary biotites and those in calc-alkaline rocks. In the diorite and diorite porphyrite, plagioclase shows complex chemical zoning. Clinopyroxene and garnet in skarn rocks show varying FeO contents, the former containing low FeO (< 9 wt.%) and occurring as the major skarn mineral in large-scale iron deposits, and the latter within small-scale iron deposits with high FeO (mostly > 25 wt.%) content. We computed the pressure, temperature, oxygen fugacity and water contents based on the mineral chemistry of amphibole and biotite. Based on the results, the magma crystallization can be divided into two stages, one within the deep magma chamber, forming clinopyroxene, amphibole and plagioclase phenocrysts; the other after emplacement, forming the rim of phenocrysts and matrix minerals. The magma during the early stage shows high temperature (~ 900 °C–950 °C), pressure (~ 300 MPa–500 MPa), relatively high logfO2 (NNO–NNO + 2), and H2O content in melt (4%–8%). During the late stage, the magma temperature dropped to about 750 °C, and pressure came down to less than 100 MPa, with the logfO2 rising to NNO + 1–NNO + 2.The zoning of amphibole and plagioclase records the process of magma mixing and crystallization, with injection of mafic magma into the felsic magma chamber. The relatively high logfO2 and H2O content inhibited partitioning of iron into mafic minerals and favored concentration of Fe in the melt. Iron ore precipitation occurred when the magma was emplaced at shallow level, and was principally controlled by the chemical composition of carbonate wall rocks. The high logfO2, Fe3 + rich ore-forming fluid generated andradite and clinopyroxene when it reacted with limestone and dolomitic limestone respectively. 相似文献
14.
Redox-controlled iron isotope fractionation during magmatic differentiation: an example from the Red Hill intrusion, S. Tasmania 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Paolo A. Sossi John D. Foden Galen P. Halverson 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2012,164(5):757-772
This study presents accurate and precise iron isotopic data for 16 co-magmatic rocks and 6 pyroxene–magnetite pairs from the classic, tholeiitic Red Hill sill in southern Tasmania. The intrusion exhibits a vertical continuum of compositions created by in situ fractional crystallisation of a single injection of magma in a closed igneous system and, as such, constitutes a natural laboratory amenable to determining the causes of Fe isotope fractionation in magmatic rocks. Early fractionation of pyroxenes and plagioclase, under conditions closed to oxygen exchange, gives rise to an iron enrichment trend and an increase in $ f_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $ of the melt relative to the Fayalite–Magnetite–Quartz (FMQ) buffer. Enrichment in Fe3+/ΣFemelt is mirrored by δ57Fe, where VIFe2+-bearing pyroxenes partition 57Fe-depleted iron, defining an equilibrium pyroxene-melt fractionation factor of $ \Updelta^{57} {\text{Fe}}_{{{\text{px}} - {\text{melt}}}} \le - 0.25\,\permille \times 10^{6} /T^{2} $ . Upon magnetite saturation, the $ f_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $ and δ57Fe of the melt fall, commensurate with the sequestration of the oxidised, 57Fe-enriched iron into magnetite, quantified as $ \Updelta^{57} {\text{Fe}}_{{{\text{mtn}} - {\text{melt}}}} = + 0.20\,\permille \times 10^{6} /T^{2} $ . Pyroxene–magnetite pairs reveal an equilibrium fractionation factor of $ \Updelta^{57} {\text{Fe}}_{{{\text{mtn}} - {\text{px}}}} \approx + 0.30\,\permille $ at 900–1,000?°C. Iron isotopes in differentiated magmas suggest that they may act as an indicator of their oxidation state and tectonic setting. 相似文献
15.
Bernard W. Evans Bruno Scaillet Scott M. Kuehner 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2006,152(2):149-167
A synthetic, low-melting rhyolite composition containing TiO2 and iron oxide, with further separate additions of MgO, MnO, and MgO + MnO, was used in hydrothermal experiments to crystallize Ilm-Hem and Usp-Mt solid solutions at 800 and 900°C under redox conditions slightly below nickel–nickel oxide (NNO) to $\approx 3\,\log_{10} f_{{{\text{O}}_{2}}}A synthetic, low-melting rhyolite composition containing TiO2 and iron oxide, with further separate additions of MgO, MnO, and MgO + MnO, was used in hydrothermal experiments to crystallize Ilm-Hem and Usp-Mt solid solutions at 800 and 900°C under redox conditions slightly below nickel–nickel oxide (NNO) to
units above the NNO oxygen buffer. These experiments provide calibration of the FeTi-oxide thermometer + oxygen barometer at conditions of temperature and oxygen fugacity poorly covered by previous equilibrium experiments. Isotherms for our data in Roozeboom diagrams of projected %usp vs. %ilm show a change in slope at ≈ 60% ilm, consistent with the second-order transition from FeTi-ordered Ilm to FeTi-disordered Ilm-Hem. This feature of the system accounts for some, but not all, of the differences from earlier thermodynamic calibrations of the thermobarometer. In rhyolite containing 1.0 wt.% MgO, 0.8 wt.% MnO, or MgO + MnO, Usp-Mt crystallized with up to 14% of aluminate components, and Ilm-Hem crystallized with up to 13% geikielite component and 17% pyrophanite component. Relative to the FeTiAlO system, these components displace the ferrite components in Usp-Mt, and the hematite component in Ilm-Hem. As a result, projected contents of ulv?spinel and ilmenite are increased. These changes are attributed to increased non-ideality along joins from end-member hematite and magnetite to their respective Mg- and Mn-bearing titanate and aluminate end-members. The compositional shifts are most pronounced in Ilm-Hem in the range Ilm50–80, a solvus region where the chemical potentials of the hematite and ilmenite components are nearly independent of composition. The solvus gap widens with addition of Mg and even further with Mn. The Bacon–Hirschmann correlation of Mg/Mn in Usp-Mt and coexisting Ilm-Hem is displaced toward increasing Mg/Mn in ilmenite with passage from ordered ilmenite to disordered hematite. Orthopyroxene and biotite crystallized in experiments with added MgO and MgO + MnO; their X
Fe varies with
and T consistent with equilibria among ferrosilite, annite, and ferrite components, and the chemical potentials of SiO2 and orthoclase in the liquid. Experimental equilibration rates increased in the order: Opx < Bt < Ilm-Hem < Usp-Mag. 相似文献
16.
The experimental distribution coefficient for Ni/ Fe exchange between olivine and monosulfide (KD3) is 35.6±1.1 at 1385° C, \(f_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} } = 10^{ - 8.87} ,f_{{\text{S}}_{\text{2}} } = 10^{ - 1.02} \) , and olivine of composition Fo96 to Fo92. These are the physicochemical conditions appropriate to hypothesized sulfur-saturated komatiite magma. The present experiments equilibrated natural olivine grains with sulfide-oxide liquid in the presence of a (Mg, Fe)-alumino-silicate melt. By a variety of different experimental procedures, K D3 is shown to be essentially constant at about 30 to 35 in the temperature range 900 to 1400° C, for olivine of composition Fo97 to FoO, monosulfide composition with up to 70 mol. % NiS, and a wide range of \(f_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} } \) and \(f_{{\text{S}}_{\text{2}} } \) . 相似文献
17.
西秦岭金厂石英闪长岩的岩浆混合成因：岩相学和锆石U-Pb年代学证据及其构造意义 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
位于西秦岭南部的金厂石英闪长岩岩体内含有大量镁铁质暗色微粒包体,包体大多呈浑圆状和水滴状,部分呈不规则拉长状,与寄主岩的接触界线截然或呈渐变过渡关系。石英闪长岩中的磷灰石呈短柱状,而包体中的磷灰石则呈细长针状,反映基性岩浆的快速冷凝结晶。石英闪长岩中的斜长石发育振荡环带,核部的斜长石An低,而边部斜长石An先急剧上升,复又下降;核部与边部之间存在明显的间断,同时斜长石边部包裹有暗色矿物,指示其形成时可能有更基性的岩浆注入。寄主岩中的角闪石大多为普通角闪石和镁普通角闪石,属SiO2饱和型,而包体中角闪石一部分为镁普通角闪石,属SiO2饱和型,一部分为韭闪石、韭闪石质普通角闪石,属SiO2不饱和类型。包体中的角闪石自核部到边部,Al2O3与TiO2含量急剧下降,说明核部和幔部相对于边部形成于更高温的环境。寄主岩中黑云母部分为铁质黑云母,部分为镁质黑云母,而包体中黑云母均为镁质黑云母,在∑FeO/(∑FeO+MgO)对MgO图解上寄主岩与包体中黑云母均落入壳-幔混源区。寄主岩和包体中的锆石均为典型的岩浆锆石,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明它们的形成年龄分别为212±2Ma及215±1Ma(2σ),在误差范围内基本一致,证明二者同时形成。综合以上岩相学和年代学证据认为,金厂石英闪长岩和镁铁质暗色微粒包体是幔源基性岩浆和壳源酸性岩浆混合作用的产物,形成于秦岭造山带中三叠世造山后伸展环境。结合区域上的研究结果认为,中—晚三叠世时期的幔源岩浆底侵和下地壳部分熔融在西秦岭广泛存在。 相似文献
18.
A Hornblende Basalt from Western Mexico: Water-saturated Phase Relations Constrain a Pressure-Temperature Window of Eruptibility 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
Trachybasalt scoria from a cinder cone near the Mexican volcanicfront contain phenocrysts of olivine with chromite inclusions,apatite, augite and hornblende, with microphenocrysts of plagioclase.The water-saturated phase relations reproduce the phenocrystassemblage between 1040°C and 970°C with water contentsof between 2·5 and 4·5% (50–150 MPa). Theabsence of biotite phenocrysts in the scoria places a tightconstraint on the pressure–temperature conditions of phenocrystequilibration, as there is only a small zone where biotite doesnot accompany hornblende in the experiments. Diluting the fluidphase with CO2 changes the composition of the olivine, indicatingthat CO2 was only a minor component of the fluid of the scoria.Hornblende is stable to 1040°C at oxygen fugacities of NNO+ 2 (where NNO is the nickel–nickel oxide buffer), butat lower oxygen fugacities, the upper limit is 990°C. Thereis a progressive increase in crystallinity in experimental runsas both pressure and temperature decrease. Isobaric plots ofcrystallinity show that the onset of hornblende crystallizationinvolves a reaction relation, and also results in a marked 相似文献
19.
金岭岩体是鲁西地区代表性的中生代侵入杂岩体,与金岭矽卡岩型铁矿的成因密切相关。为了解石英闪长岩的成因及与矽卡岩铁矿成矿关系,本次研究对金岭杂岩体中的石英闪长岩进行了年代学、地球化学及锆石Lu—Hf同位素和角闪石矿物微区成分的系统研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学显示石英闪长岩加权平均年龄为(128±1) Ma,侵位时代为早白垩世;样品具有较低的w(SiO_2)(58.34%~65.22%),和高的w(Al_2O_3)(14.95%~15.72%),w(Na_2O)为4.44%~5.16%,w(K_2O)为2.26%~5.17%,w(CaO)为3.39%~6.30%,w(Fe_2O_3~T),w(MgO)含量变化范围较大,分别为2.21%~6.86%和2.32%~5.21%,此外,样品具有较高的Sr含量(682~834×10-6)、Ba含量(1 130~1 595×10-6),表现出高Ba, Sr花岗岩的岩石地球化学特征。石英闪长岩中角闪石为岩浆成因角闪石,具有壳源岩浆成因角闪石的特征,其结晶时的氧逸度为△NNO+0.83~△NNO+1.87,温压条件为849~1 092℃和89~279 MPa。石英闪长岩含有较高的Ni含量、Co含量、Cr含量以及Mg~#,其Nb/Ta, Zr/Hf, Rb/Sr和Ba/Rb比值接近原始地幔平均值。样品含有~2.5Ga的捕获锆石,所有锆石的εHf(t)值为负值。锆石Hf同位素和岩石地球化学特征表明石英闪长岩侵位深度为3.9~10.3 km,岩浆源区为岩石圈地幔并受到地壳物质的混染。 相似文献
20.
The system Fe-Si-O: Oxygen buffer calibrations to 1,500K 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The five solid-phase oxygen buffers of the system Fe-Si-O, iron-wuestite (IW), wuestite-magnetite (WM), magnetite-hematite (MH), quartz-iron-fayalite (QIF) and fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) have been recalibrated at 1 atm pressure and temperatures from 800°–1,300° C, using a thermogravimetric gas mixing furnace. The oxygen fugacity, \(f_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }\) was measured with a CaO-doped ZrO2 electrode. Measurements were made also for wuestite solid solutions in order to determine the redox behavior of wuestites with O/Fe ratios varying from 1.05 to 1.17. For FMQ, additional determinations were carried out at 1 kb over a temperature range of 600° to 800° C, using a modified Shaw membrane. Results agree reasonably well with published data and extrapolations. The reaction parameters K, ΔG r o , ΔH r o , and ΔS r o were calculated from the following log \(f_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }\) /T relations (T in K): $$\begin{gathered} {\text{IW }}\log f_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} } = - 26,834.7/T + 6.471\left( { \pm 0.058} \right) \hfill \\ {\text{ }}\left( {{\text{800}} - 1,260{\text{ C}}} \right), \hfill \\ {\text{WM }}\log f_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} } = - 36,951.3/T + 16.092\left( { \pm 0.045} \right) \hfill \\ {\text{ }}\left( {{\text{1,000}} - 1,300{\text{ C}}} \right), \hfill \\ {\text{MH }}\log f_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} } = - 23,847.6/T + 13.480\left( { \pm 0.055} \right) \hfill \\ {\text{ }}\left( {{\text{1,040}} - 1,270{\text{ C}}} \right), \hfill \\ {\text{QIF }}\log f_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} } = - 27,517.5/T + 6.396\left( { \pm 0.049} \right) \hfill \\ {\text{ }}\left( {{\text{960}} - 1,140{\text{ C}}} \right), \hfill \\ {\text{FMQ }}\log f_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} } = - 24,441.9/T + 8.290\left( { \pm 0.167} \right) \hfill \\ {\text{ }}\left( {{\text{600}} - 1,140{\text{ C}}} \right). \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ These experimentally determined reaction parameters were combined with published 298 K data to determine the parameters Gf, Hf, and Sf for the phases wuestite, magnetite, hematite, and fayalite from 298 K to the temperatures of the experiments. The T? \(f_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }\) data for wuestite solid solutions were used to obtain activities, excess free energies and Margules mixing parameters. The new data provide a more reliable, consistent and complete reference set for the interpretation of redox reactions at elevated temperatures in experiments and field settings encompassing the crust, mantle and core as well as extraterrestrial environments. 相似文献