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1.
吉林白山地区原煤微量元素地球化学特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对吉林白山地区煤矿主采煤层中的As、B、Ba、Cd、Cu、Hg、Pb、Se、Sr等微量元素进行了分析,结果表明:太原组与山西组由于成煤环境不同,微量元素组成及其质量分数存在一定的差异,太原组原煤中As、B、Hg、Pb、Se、Zn的质量分数明显高于山西组,山西组原煤中Ba、Cr、Cu、Mn、V的质量分数明显高于太原组。白山地区原煤中As、B、Hg、Pb、Se的质量分数明显高于地壳元素平均值,呈富集状态;Co、Cd与地壳平均值接近,其他元素均亏损。与全国煤中微量元素的质量分数平均值相比,As、Ba、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Se、V、Zn的质量分数高于全国平均值。B、Mn、Sr质量分数低于全国平均值。微量元素赋存状态及相关分析表明,Fe与亲硫有害元素As、Cu、Hg、Pb、Se具有显著相关关系,说明煤中黄铁矿及其他硫化物是许多有害微量元素的重要载体。 相似文献
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陕西渭北聚煤区原煤的微量元素组成特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对陕西省渭北主要煤田主采煤层中的As、Pb、Hg、Cd、Se、Cu、Sr、Ba、B等微量元素的分析结果表明：渭北原煤中Hg、Se、As、Pb、B含量明显高于地壳平均值，呈富集状态；Co、Cd与地壳平均值接近，Cu、Zn、Sr、Ba等元素均亏损。太原组和山西组由于成煤环境不同，煤质和原煤的微量元素组成特征存在一定的差异。太原组煤的友分和硫分均较山西组煤高，原煤中As、Hg、Se、Pb、Zn、B的合量明显高于山西组原煤，而山西组原煤中V、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ba的含量别明显高于大原组原煤。统计分析表明，As、Hg、Se、Pb、Cu等亲硫元素与铁呈显著的正相关关系，它们的赋存形式可能与煤中黄铁矿有关。 相似文献
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4.
云南个旧矿区南部矿床原生晕垂直分带研究——以龙树脚矿段为例 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
矿床原生晕的垂直分带研究是寻找隐伏矿体和盲矿体的有效方法之一。本文通过对 30余种元素的分析 ,研究元素的分带指数、变化系数和变化指数梯度差 ,由此得出矿床原生晕由上至下的垂直分带为 :Mn Cd Zn Sn Cu Au Hg As( 1 82 0中段 ) ;Bi W Co Sb( 1 730中段 ) ;Mo Y( 1 70 0中段 ) ;Ni V Nb Sr La Sc Ti Yb Be Ag( 1 6 4 0中段 ) ;Pb Ga B Ba( 1 5 2 0中段 )。 30种元素的分带序列为 :Mn Ag1 Pb1 Cd Zn Sn Cu Au Hg As Bi W Co Sb Mo Y Ni V Nb Sr Cr La Sc Ti Yb Be Ag2 Pb2 Ga B Ba。 相似文献
5.
浙江省北部地区调查研究表明,受成土母质来源、土壤类型及其理化性质等因素的影响,土壤元素全量、有效量及其有效度表现为:1)低山丘陵岗地土壤中As,Cd,Mo,Pb和Se全量较高,As,Cd,Fe,Pb,Se和Zn有效量较高;而山前平原区土壤中Hg,Pb和Zn元素全量较高,由地表向深部的下降递度较小,显示为原始沉积成因特点。2)中酸性、富含有机质的红壤和水稻土中As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Pb,Se,Zn等元素有效度较高,水稻土Hg有效度最低;弱碱性或碱性、贫有机质的潮土和滨海盐砂土中As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Pb,Se,Zn等元素有效量较低,但B有效量及有效度均较高。3)统计分析表明,土壤中Mn,Cu,Zn,Mo,Cd,Pb,Se等元素全量与有效量间具显著正相关性,表明全量是有效量的重要影响控制因素;有机质含量与Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd,As和Pb有效度间为显著正相关,说明有机质较高有利于土壤元素活化;Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd,As,Pb和Se有效度与pH值为显著负相关,表明土壤酸性增强(酸化)会增加这类元素的生物有效性。 相似文献
6.
徐州城市表层土壤中重金属环境风险测度与源解析 总被引：43，自引：2，他引：43
研究了徐州城市表层土壤的21个样品中重金属元素富集特征,结果表明,与我国土壤元素的背景值(算术平均值)相比,表层土壤中Zn、Cd、As、Hg、Sb、Sn和Ag等元素富集程度高;Se、Sc、Ba、Bi、Pb、Cu、Ni、Cr、Mn、Mo、Be、Ga和Co等元素的富集程度较低。不同城市表层土壤中重金属元素有着不同的来源,统计分析结果表明,研究区表层土壤样品中重金属元素可分成4种类别:“自然因子”类别元素(Ti、Ga、Li、V、Co、Mn、Be和Pt);“交通因子”类别元素(Ag、Se、Sc、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd、Br、S、Mo和Au);“燃煤因子”类别元素B(i、Cr、Hg、As、Sb和Pd)和混合源类别元素(Sn和Ba)。环境风险指数的计算结果表明,表层土壤中重金属污染具有较大的环境风险,其中属于中等环境风险级别以上的样品占近40%。 相似文献
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基于地统计学和GIS相结合的方法，对承德全域表层土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn、微量元素Se正态分布特征、主导分布趋势及相互作用规律进行了分析，确定了不同元素最适宜的地统计插值模型并厘定出其空间分布规律。结果表明:As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn的质量含量平均值分别为8.28，0.200，60.85，24.37，0.034，27.76，26.65，77.10 mg/kg，Cd、Cu、Hg和Pb变异系数分别为385%、143%、350%、118%，分异性强。Zn含量均值受土壤类型影响显著，Cr、Cu、Ni含量均值则受土地利用类型影响显著。经过不同趋势阶数元素插值误差的综合对比，确定As、Cr、Pb、Zn、Ni、Se适宜选择无趋势参数，Hg和Cu适宜选择一阶趋势参数，而Cd适宜选择二阶趋势参数。As的理论模型为指数模型，主要受到结构性因素的影响；Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn、Se的理论模型为线性模型，主要受到随机性因素的影响。通过普通克里格插值图可见区内9种元素具有北低南高的特点，中部地区形成了一条较宽的Pb高值带，与Cd相似。按照含量分布特点，土壤中Cr和Ni、Cu和Hg、Zn和Pb、Se和Cd之间的高值空间展布区具有相似性且来源相同，仅As具有个性，分析结果与传统统计学结果数据保持部分一致性。 相似文献
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土壤重金属含量是影响黄芩产量和质量的重要因素。选取承德市中部金沟屯和五道岭两处黄芩种植示范区为研究区，采集表层土壤样品355件，黄芩样品30件，重金属形态样品15件。在分析土壤Mn、Zn、Cu、Cr、Cd、As、Pb、Ni、Hg、V、Co、Sb和土壤有机质含量（SOM）及pH值，黄芩Zn、Cu、Cr、Co、Cd、Pb、Ni、Hg和As含量基础上，采用描述性统计、地累积指数、主成分和RDA分析、重金属生物富集系数、生物活性系数和迁移系数等方法论述了土壤-黄芩系统重金属生物有效性及迁移累积特征。结果表明:金沟屯和五道岭区土壤各重金属累积程度总体属无-中度累积水平。五道岭Cu和Hg累积程度高于金沟屯区，其它元素累积程度低于金沟屯区。五道岭区表层土壤Cr、Cu和Cd含量超标率分别为2.82%、1.69%和1.13%；金沟屯区土壤Cd、Cr和Ni，五道岭区土壤Zn和Hg含量超标率均为0.56%。五道岭区黄芩Cu元素含量高于金沟屯区，Co和Cu元素生物富集强度高于金沟屯区，其它元素含量和生物富集强度则均低于金沟屯区。土壤Cd和Hg元素生物活性系数相对最高，Ni、Zn和Pb元素次之，Cu、Cr和As生物活性系数相对较低。金沟屯区根系土具有较低的pH值和较高的SOM含量，区内黄芩根部As、Cd、Cr、Ni、Zn和Pb元素BCF平均值高于五道岭区，Cu元素富集强度低于五道岭区。土壤重金属生物有效性和黄芩重金属生物富集强度受土壤pH和SOM含量影响，其中Cd和Cu元素受SOM含量影响最为明显。 相似文献
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以淮南煤田深部A 组煤为研究对象,全层刻槽采集了煤、夹矸和顶底板岩石样品,采用电感耦合等离子质谱仪
（ICP-MS） 测试分析了样品中13 种有害微量元素的含量,对比研究了其分布特征,结合Tessier 五步形态提取法和相关性分
析探讨了煤中有害微量元素的赋存形态。结果表明：（1） 与中国上陆壳中各种微量元素含量均值相比,淮南深部A 组煤中
B,As,Se,Mo,Cd,Pb,Hg 的富集系数均大于1,在A 组煤中表现为富集;A 组煤中B,As,Se,Cd 的含量均高于淮南煤
田上部B 组煤、华北煤以及中国煤中的含量均值;（2） 相关性分析和逐级提取实验结果表明,A 组煤中微量元素主要以残
渣态和铁锰氧化物结合态存在,两者质量分数之和达到55%~98%,其中Ni,Mo,Cd,Hg,Cu,Pb 和Zn 主要赋存于硫化物
矿物中,Mn 主要赋存于碳酸盐矿物中,V,Cr,Se,B 和As 主要赋存于硅铝酸盐等黏土矿物中。（3） B 元素示踪物源及沉
积环境结果显示,淮南煤田深部A 组煤成煤环境为海相咸水沉积环境,稳定的咸水沉积环境以及受海水影响等因素导致A
组煤中微量元素出现不同程度的富集。 相似文献
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锡铁山铅锌矿床为海底喷流沉积为主兼后期迭加改造的矿床.研究表明,矿体元素在纵向上从盆地边缘-近边缘-盆地中心-喷流口部位,出现由低温Hg、Sr、Ba、Cu-中低温Hg、Sr、Ba、B、Ag、Au、Mn、Cu、Pb、Zn-中高温Pb、Zn、Ag、Au、Cu、Sn、Bi、As-高温Cu、Bi（Pb、Zn）的分带,并且以喷流口为中心,两侧盆地呈对称状态.矿体垂向上晕的表现为Cu、Pb、Zn、Sn、Bi、As、Au等中高温元素紧裹着矿体,Co、Ni、Cr对称地分布在两侧,Ba（Hg）呈宽缘晕如帽式样分布在矿体前缘,为一种紧裹型镜相对称的帽式结构.元素轴向分带序列为（由上至下）：B-Ba-Hg-（Sr-Cr）-Ni-Cu-Zn-Au-Mo-Bi-As-Pb-Mn-Sn-Co-Ag-Sb-（Ni）,前缘晕元素为Ba、B、Hg、Sr,矿体尾部元素为Co、Ni、Cr.在此基础上建立了矿床综合地球化学异常模式及找矿评价指标. 相似文献
11.
Geochemistry of Sulfur and Hazardous Elements in Late Paleozoic Coals and Partings from Taozao Coalfield, Shandong Province, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Huang Wenhui Che Yao Yang Qi Tang Dazhen Energy Resource Department China University of Geosciences Beijing China Zhao Zhigen Tang Xiuyi Anhui University of Science Technology Huainan China 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2004,15(1):15-22
Intermsoftheharmfulmattersincoalandcoalminingwastes,thefirstisabouthazardouselements ,theotherin cludessulfurandhazardousorganicmatter.Muchresearchontracetoxicelementsandtheirimpactsonenvironmenthasbeeninvestigatedinmanycountries (Goodarzi,1995 ;Finkelman ,1994 ;Chouetal.,1982 ) .Althoughthere searchconcerningthisaspectwasstartedmuchlaterinChi na ,manystudieshavebeenstrengthenedsince 1980 ,andmuchprogresshasbeenmade ,alargenumberofdatahavebeencollected ,andthecomparisonshavebeenmadeforthedata… 相似文献
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Distribution Characteristics of Sulfur and the Main Harmful Trace Elements in China''''s Coal 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
To promote the rational development and use of clean coal resources in China,data on the regional and age distribution of sulfur,arsenic and other harmful elements in Chinese coal was broadly collected,tested for content,and analyzed.Coal in northwestern China is characterized by low to extremely low levels of sulfur;the coal of the Taiyuan Formation in northern China mainly has high-sulfur content;that of the Shanxi Formation is mainly characterized by low sulfur coal;and the Late Permian coal in southern China has overall higher sulfur content;other regions have low sulfur coal.The average content of harmful trace elements in the bulk of China's coal is similar to the corresponding content in the coal of the North America and the rest of the world,whereas the content of various elements(Hg,Sb and Se)is different in magnitude to the corresponding percentage in the crust.The average content of the elements Cr,Se,Co,Be,U,Br in Late Permian coal in S China ranks first in the country whereas the average content of Hg and Cl in the coals of Late Carboniferous to Early Permian age in N China are the highest.The average content of Mn in Early and Middle Jurassic coal is higher in NW China.The high content of harmful elements in some coal should cause particular concern both in the development and utilization of coal. 相似文献
13.
To promote the rational development and use of clean coal resources in China, data on the regional and age distribution of sulfur, arsenic and other harmful elements in Chinese coal was broadly collected, tested for content, and analyzed. Coal in northwestern China is characterized by low to extremely low levels of sulfur; the coal of the Taiyuan Formation in northern China mainly has high-sulfur content; that of the Shanxi Formation is mainly characterized by low sulfur coal; and the Late Permian coal in southern China has overall higher sulfur content; other regions have low sulfur coal. The average content of harmful trace elements in the bulk of China＇s coal is similar to the corresponding content in the coal of the North America and the rest of the world, whereas the content of various elements （Hg, Sb and Se） is different in magnitude to the corresponding percentage in the crust. The average content of the elements Cr, Se, Co, Be, U, Br in Late Permian coal in S China ranks first in the country whereas the average content of Hg and CI in the coals of Late Carboniferous to Early Permian age in N China are the highest. The average content of Mn in Early and Middle Jurassic coal is higher in NW China. The high content of harmful elements in some coal should cause particular concern both in the development and utilization of coal. 相似文献
14.
Gülbin Gürdal 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,87(2):157-173
This study presents the concentrations and modes of occurrence of trace elements in 81 coal samples from the Çan basin of northwestern Turkey. The concentration of trace elements in coal were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. Additionally, traditional coal parameters were studied by proximate, ultimate, X-ray diffraction, and petrographic analyses. Twenty trace elements, including As, B, Ba, Be, Cd, Cu, Co, F, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se Sn, Th, Tl, U, V, and Zn, receive much attention due to their related environmental and human health concerns. The Çan coals investigated in this study are lignite to sub-bituminous coal, with a broad range of ash yields and sulphur contents. The trace element concentrations show variety within the coal seams in the basin, and the affinities vary among locations. The concentrations of B, Ba, Be, Cd, Cu, Co, F, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Tl, and Zn in Çan coals are within the Swaine's worldwide concentration range, with the exception of As, Th, U, and V. On the other hand, compared with world coals, the Çan basin coals have higher contents of As, B, Cu, Co, Mo, Pb, Th, U, V, and Zn. Based on statistical analyses, most of the trace elements, except for U, show an affinity to ash yield. Elements including As, Cd, Hg, Se, Cu, Mo, Ni, and Zn, show a possible association with pyrite; however, the elements Se, B, and Mo can be have both organic and inorganic associations. 相似文献
15.
运用电感耦合等离子质谱（ICP-MS）、X射线荧光光谱（XRF）、离子选择电极（ISE）、显微镜光度计和煤化学等方法,对山东济宁矿区的高硫煤（太原组16号煤层）与低硫煤（山西组3上煤层）剖面的煤岩、煤质和煤地球化学特征进行研究。高硫煤中微量元素在垂向上呈现显著的变化规律：（1）Sr含量从煤层底板到顶板呈增高趋势,而Ba含量则相反;因而Sr/Ba比值从下向上呈逐渐变大趋势（0.04～47.7）;（2）Th/U比值从下向上也呈逐渐变大趋势（0.2～37.1）;（3）As含量在煤层顶板石灰岩（26.1μg/g）、透镜状黄铁矿夹层（14.7～19.3μg/g）中较高;（4）V、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Pb、Zn等元素在煤层底部和顶部分层中含量较高,而在煤层中部分层中含量较低;（5）Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ga等元素从煤层的底部到顶部呈逐渐降低趋势;（6）煤中稀土元素总量（REE）,除透镜状黄铁矿夹层（第2、4、11分层）外,其它分层（第1、3、5、6、7、8、9、10分层）显示从上往下逐渐增高之规律性。低硫煤中微量元素的分布和垂向变化与高硫煤明显不同：As含量在14个煤分层中都较低（1.03～3.37μg/g）,Sr/Ba比值从下向上变化不大（0.4～2.2）,各个煤分层中稀土元素总量（REE）呈现随灰份含量增高而增高的变化趋势,低硫煤与高硫煤的稀土元素分布模式差别很大。上述研究结果表明济宁矿区高硫煤与低硫煤在地球化学特征上的差别,反映了上石炭统太原组与下二叠统山西组沉积环境和聚煤条件的差别,具有指相意义;太原组16号煤层中富集的硫及有害微量元素,对环境具有潜在危害。 相似文献
16.
Liugen Zheng Guijian Liu Lei Wang Chen-Lin Chou 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2008,97(2-3):59-68
The Huaibei Coalfield, Anhui Province, China, is one of the largest coalfields in China. The coals of Permian age are used mainly for power generation. Coal compositions and 47 trace elements of the No. 10 Coal of the Shanxi Formation, the No. 7, 5, and 4 Coals of the Lower Shihezi Formation, and the No. 3 Coal of the Upper Shihezi Formation from the Huaibei Coalfield were studied. The results indicate that the Huaibei coals have low ash, moisture, and sulfur contents, but high volatile matter and calorific value. The ash yield increases stratigraphically upwards, but the volatile matter and total sulfur contents show a slight decrease from the lower to upper seams. Magmatic intrusion into the No. 5 Coal resulted in high ash, volatile matter, and calorific value, but low moisture value in the coal. Among the studied 47 trace elements, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Th, U, V, and Zn are of environmental concerns. Four elements Hg, Mo, Zn, and Sb are clearly enriched in the coals as compared with the upper continental crust. 相似文献
17.
《International Journal of Coal Geology》2007,69(3):179-191
The concentration, distribution and modes of occurrence of trace elements in thirty coals, four floors and two roofs from Northern China were studied. The samples were collected from the major coalfields of Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The concentrations of seventeen potential hazardous trace elements, including Hg, As, Se, Pb, Cd, Br, Ni, Cr, Co, Mo, Mn, Be, Sb, Th, V, U, Zn, and five major elements P, Na, Fe, Al, and Ca in coals were determined.Compared with average concentration of trace elements in Chinese coal, the coals from Northern China contain a higher concentration of Hg, Se, Cd, Mn, and Zn. They may be harmful to the environment in the process of combustion and utilization. Vertical variations of trace elements in three coal seams indicated the distributions of most elements in coal seam are heterogeneous. Based on statistical analyses, trace elements including Mo, Cr, Se, Th, Pb, Sb, V, Be and major elements including Al, P shows an affinity to ash content. In contrast, Br is generally associated with organic matter. Elements As, Ni, Be, Mo, and Fe appear to be associated with pyrite. The concentrations of trace elements weakly correlate either to coal rank or to maceral compositions. 相似文献