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西天山查岗诺尔和智博铁矿区火山岩地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义 总被引：18，自引：4，他引：14
西天山东段的查岗诺尔铁矿和智博铁矿赋存于以玄武岩、玄武安山岩、粗面岩以及安山质凝灰岩为主的晚石炭世火山岩中, 对火山岩的形成时代以及构造地质背景的研究是重建成矿过程的关键。本文通过对两个矿区的火山岩进行岩石地球化学和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年分析来探讨火山岩形成的构造环境与时代。地球化学分析表明大多数火山岩化学成分从钙碱性、高钾钙碱性变化到钾玄岩系列,富集轻稀土元素(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE; 如Rb、Th、K),重稀土元素(HREE)配分平坦,同时具有Nb、Ta、Ti的强烈亏损,类似于岛弧火山岩的地球化学特征。大多数玄武质火山岩在构造环境判别图中位于火山弧环境。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示流纹岩和英安岩的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为301.8±0.9Ma和300.3±1.1Ma。此外,对两件闪长岩样品测年获得206Pb/238U加权平均年龄介于303.8～305Ma之间。火山岩与闪长岩样品具有类似的地球化学特征以及形成时代,表明它们可能来源于同一母岩浆,形成于相同的构造背景下。结合区域地质资料,本文认为矿区内出露的高钾钙碱性到钾玄岩系列火山岩可能属于俯冲过程末期阶段大陆岛弧岩浆作用的产物。 相似文献
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新疆伊什基里克山切特木斯铜矿赋矿围岩主要由高钾钙碱性安山岩组成,该套火山岩具高SiO2,Al2O3,低MgO,富Sr,贫Y和Yb特征,具埃达克岩特征.地球化学特征表明,该矿区火山岩具轻稀土富集,重稀土相对亏损,铕轻微负异常,且富集大离子亲石元素(Rb,Ba,Th,K),相对亏损高场强元素(Nb,Ta,Ti),具大陆边缘岛弧火山岩亲缘性,可能形成于南天山洋向伊犁-中天山地块之下俯冲的火山岛弧环境.通过该矿区火山岩与土屋-延东地区火山岩对比,认为两地区火山岩地球化学特征相似,具岛弧火山岩特征,形成于相似构造环境.此外,含矿化的隐爆角砾岩筒、类似于斑岩型铜矿蚀变特征及较低剥蚀程度表明,切特木斯铜矿具寻找斑岩型铜矿潜力. 相似文献
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卡拉盖雷火山岩型热液铜金矿床位于新疆西天山那拉提构造带境内西段, 赋矿地层为下石炭统大哈拉军山组, 含矿岩石主要为玄武质凝灰岩、浅变质岩及隐爆角砾岩。矿体产于隐爆角砾岩筒及构造破碎带裂隙或片理、劈理微裂隙中。硅化、绿泥石化和电气石化是高品位矿石的蚀变标志。岩石地球化学研究表明, 区内大哈拉军山组火山岩以钙碱性系列为主, 含部分拉斑玄武岩系列, 富集LREE和大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Th、K), 相对亏损HREE和高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti、P), 具有大陆火山弧亲缘性。综合伊犁—中天山板块南缘的构造演化特征, 认为矿区大哈拉军山组火山岩产于板块俯冲-碰撞后期较成熟的大陆火山弧环境。 相似文献
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式可布台铁矿位于西天山阿吾拉勒铁矿成矿带西段,是此矿带极具代表性的铁矿床。主要赋存于以凝灰岩为主的石炭系上统伊什基里克组火山岩中。本文通过对式可布台矿区的火山岩进行岩石地球化学和LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb测年分析来探讨火山岩形成的构造环境与成岩时代。地球化学分析表明大多数火山岩样品显示为高钾钙碱性系列;主量元素表明矿区火山岩主要由安山岩、英安岩、流纹英安岩组成,为钙碱性系列;微量元素和稀土元素表明矿区火山岩产出的构造环境为火山岛弧;LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb测年显示火山岩的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为(301±1)Ma和(313±2)Ma,表明该区的火山岩为晚石炭世早期。结合区域地质资料,认为矿区内出露的高钾钙碱性系列火山岩可能属于俯冲过程末期大陆岛弧岩浆作用的产物,其岩石的形成与构造岛弧环境有关,主体与下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩岩石化学特征相似。 相似文献
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《矿物岩石》2017,(2)
针对塔吾尔别克金矿区赋矿火山岩展开的岩相学和主量、微量及稀土元素地球化学研究,结果显示:该区火山岩w(SiO_2)为48.93%~62.24%,w(K_2O)在1.05%~4.03%,w(TiO_2)为0.55%~0.86%,w(MgO)为2.28%~7.98%,w(Al_2O_3)介于12.04%~17.52%,w(Na_2O+K_2O)值为3.39%~5.59%,里特曼指数σ变化于1.49~2.45,显示钙碱系列火山岩;在TAS图解中该区火山岩样品分布在玄武安山岩—安山岩—英安岩区域;微量元素分析表明,岩石轻稀土相对富集、重稀土元素相对亏损的特点(LREE/HREE=4.72~6.55),且具有明显的的Eu负异常(δEu=0.35~0.67);火山岩整体富集LREE,U,Th,大离子亲石元素Rb,K;亏损高场强元素Nb,Ta,P,Ti;是岛弧岩浆作用的典型地球化学标志。在火山岩La/Yb-Sc/Ti判别图解上,表明火山岩的构造环境与大陆边缘弧密切相关。结合区域构造背景和岩石地球化学特征,推测构造背景可能为俯冲带大陆边缘弧环境。 相似文献
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新疆北部阿尔泰南缘晚古生代高钾高硅熔结凝灰岩的地球化学、岩浆成因及构造背景 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：11
新疆北部阿尔泰南缘分布着一条晚古生代的火山岩带。通过岩石学和地球化学的研究,我们从克朗和麦兹火山-沉积盆地的下泥盆统康布铁堡组地层的火山岩中,厘定出一种高钾高硅熔结凝灰岩(Ignimbrite),前人称之为钾质流纹岩。高钾高硅熔结凝灰岩主要由钾长石(微斜长石)、石英和黑云母,以及少量白云母组成。其岩石化学成分的特征为过铝质的(A/CNK=1.01～1.36)、高硅(SiO_2=69%～80%)、高钾(K_2O=5%～11%)、高钾钠比值,并富集大离子亲石元素(Rb,Ba,K,La),亏损高场强元素(Nb,Ta,Ti,P)和低的 Nb/Y 比值,以及富 LREE 和亏损 Eu 的 REE 分布模式。以上这些特征体现它们继承了形成硅质岩浆的大陆地壳源区特点。微量元素的构造环境判别图解显示,本区高钾高硅熔结凝灰岩形成于活动大陆边缘的岛弧构造环境。综合岩石学和地球化学研究的结果,作者提出高钾高硅熔结凝灰岩岩浆的二阶段成因模型:1)地幔楔二辉橄榄岩部分熔融产生的大体积玄武岩岩浆侵入导致其上部地壳发生部分熔融形成了高硅的熔结凝灰岩岩浆;2)高硅岩浆经富钠斜长石的分离结晶作用最终形成高钾高硅的熔结凝灰岩浆。 相似文献
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扬子西缘晚中元古代—早新元古代岩浆岩对扬子陆块构造演化以及Rodinia超大陆的汇聚和裂解至关重要。本文获得扬子西缘会理群天宝山组玄武质凝灰岩和盐边群渔门组角闪安山岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(1 035±15) Ma和(884±9) Ma。天宝山组玄武质凝灰岩属于碱性玄武岩系列,富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素,具有正的εNd(t)值(4.6),表现出与洋岛玄武岩相似的地球化学特征。天宝山组火山岩来自以石榴子石和尖晶石为稳定区的地幔橄榄岩1%~5%的部分熔融。渔门组角闪安山岩属于钙碱性岛弧玄武岩系列,以富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土,亏损高场强元素为特征,具有明显的Nb、Ta、Ti负异常,εNd(t)值为1.1~2.8。渔门组火山岩来自以石榴子石和尖晶石为稳定区的地幔橄榄岩5%~15%的部分熔融。构造背景判别图解指示天宝山组玄武质凝灰岩形成于被动大陆边缘板内裂谷盆地,而渔门组角闪安山岩形成于活动大陆边缘岛弧环境。根据本文获得的年代学及地球化学数据,笔者认为扬子西缘与大陆裂谷相关的天宝山组火山岩和与板块俯冲有关的渔门组火山岩,记录了新元古代早期构造动力学背景由板内裂谷转为洋-陆俯冲的变化。 相似文献
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《地质科技情报》2017,(4)
阔拉萨依铁矿大地构造位于西天山造山带西段伊犁-中天山板块南缘,矿体赋存于石炭系大哈拉军山组火山岩系内。对火山岩开展了系统的岩石学和地球化学研究。结果表明,火山岩属高钾钙碱性-钙碱性系列,富集轻稀土元素(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE,如Nb、Ta、Ti),具有活动大陆边缘火山岩的地球化学特征。不同火山岩的地球化学特征类似,为同源岩浆演化的产物。岩浆源区为经过俯冲带流体改造后的富集地幔楔,且有俯冲板片沉积物参与其部分熔融过程,岩浆在上升过程中受到了地壳物质的同化混染作用,并且发生了结晶分异作用。根据岩石组合和地球化学特征,推断阔拉萨依铁矿火山岩形成于南天山洋向伊犁-中天山板块俯冲的活动大陆边缘环境。结合前人研究成果和矿床地质特征,认为阔拉萨依铁矿是火山作用的产物,具有火山岩型铁矿床的特征。 相似文献
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地球化学分析结果表明:北秦岭斜峪关群基性熔岩的LREE轻度富集,(La/Yb)N=1.31~3.27,中—酸性熔岩的LREE显著富集,(La/Yb)N=4.22~26.54。草滩沟群基性火山岩LREE中度富集,(La/Yb)N=2.50~2.97,中—酸性熔岩的LREE显著富集,(La/Yb)N=4.57~10.15。低δEu值(0.62~1.14)暗示斜峪关群和草滩沟群火山岩初始玄武质岩浆的分离结晶程度很低、初始岩浆中斜长石分异作用很弱,大离子亲石元素明显富集,而相对N-MORB较低的高场强元素丰度,特别是明显的Ta、Nb低谷,展示了典型的岛弧火山岩的特征。同位素地球化学分析揭示,斜峪关群和草滩沟群火山岩的初始Sr比值为0.703438~0.708329,初始Nd比值为0.511948~0.512327,多集中于0.512003~0.512327间,εNd均为正值( 5.42~ 12.81),表明二群火山岩主要来自富集地幔源区。斜峪关群和草滩沟群火山岩的岩浆源区为混染的富集地幔源区,是俯冲板片熔融和地壳混染的产物,形成于岛弧构造环境。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年表明斜峪关群基性熔岩形成时代为早奥陶世(472±11Ma),其中的古老捕晶锆石(1294±34Ma)表明斜峪关群火山岩的岩浆源区存在元古宙地壳混染。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
19.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
20.
Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献