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1.
辽西凌源雾迷山组碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素和Mn/Sr比值数据反映了碳酸盐岩的原始沉积特征.δ13CPDB数值范围-2‰～2‰,δ18OPDB数值范围为-10‰～-4‰,其平均值分别为0.15‰,-6.2‰,碳同位素组成具有旋回性变化特征.在雾迷山组一段中上部,δ13C表现出明显的正漂移,可能为藻类的大量繁殖、有机碳增加所引起.δ18O的增加为气候变冷和冰川作用的结果.在δ13C为负值的层段,δ18O数值较高.碳氧同位素组成的这种特征可能与海平面变化有关.  相似文献   

2.
研究了黔北石门坎下志留统石牛栏组剖面的海相碳酸盐岩的碳、氧同位素组成特征,分析测试,结果显示:δ13 CVPDB值介于1.67‰～4.35‰之间,平均值为3.67‰;δ18 OVPDB值介于-11.16‰～-8.69‰之间,平均值为-10.09‰。研究表明,样品经历了一定成岩蚀变作用,δ18 O受到较大的淡水影响或后期受到淡水淋滤作用,已经被完全改造,而δ13 C基本保存了海水的原始同位素信息,能够反映碳酸盐岩的沉积环境;Z值变化表示形成于盐度较高的海相沉积环境,同时能反映碳、氧同位素组成;石门坎下志留统石牛栏组属于陆棚沉积体系,总体由若干个次级旋回组成,相对海平面变化反映为升—降—升的特征,δ13 C值与海平面变化存在正相关关系,同时碳同位素记录的海平面变化具全球性;生物群经历了由初级生产率变化而产生的繁殖与衰落的交替循环直至绝灭的演化过程。  相似文献   

3.
句容地区下奥陶统仑山组碳酸盐岩沉积主要由开阔台地和深水陆棚组成,仑山组层序1和层序2均由低位体系域和海侵体系域构成,反映两次海侵过程。根据δ13 C值、Sr/Ba值、1 000Sr/Ca值和V/Ni值反映的古盐度、古水深曲线,结合沉积环境变迁与体系域特征,绘制了仑山组海平面相对升降曲线。一级海平面相对升降曲线反映仑山组时期经历了一次海侵。二级海平面波动曲线显示海平面波动频繁,由两次海平面相对上升和一次海平面相对下降组成。仑山组样品碳、氧同位素组成受后期成岩作用影响较小,基本保留了原始海洋的同位素组成:δ13 C值为-0.8‰~2.3‰,均值为0.45‰;δ18 O值为-14.4‰~-9.3‰,均值为-10.2‰,主要集中在-10.0‰~-9.0‰的范围内。利用δ13 C和δ18 O值计算得到的Z值全部大于120,反映仑山组碳酸盐岩在海相环境中形成。  相似文献   

4.
对浙江江山碓边下寒武统上部—下奥陶统下部碳酸盐岩进行了碳氧同位素测定。δ1 3C、δ1 8O值变化范围和均值分别为 - 1.9‰～ 3.7‰、- 13.0‰～ - 1.3‰和 0 .86‰、- 9.76‰。碳氧同位素地层曲线与 Veizer et al.(1986 )的同位素年代演化曲线形状相似 ,在寒武纪—奥陶纪界线附近没有明显的δ1 3C、δ1 8O漂移现象。δ1 3C地层曲线具旋回性变化特征 ,大陈岭组、杨柳岗组各形成一个完整的演化旋回 ,与根据露头层序地层研究推测的海平面变化曲线吻合性较好 ,表现出δ1 3C值的高值区是海盆水体变深的反映。一个明显的碳同位素正漂移发生于晚寒武世早期 (华严寺组下部 ) ,与 Matthew etal.(2 0 0 0 )报道的在美国内华达州中东部、哈萨克斯坦 Malyi Karatau地区、澳大利亚昆士兰州西北部和湘西桃源瓦儿岗等地发现的 δ1 3C正漂移记录 (SPICE— The Steptoean Positive CarbonIsotope Excursion)和 Veizer et al.(1986 )碳同位素年代演化曲线中的正漂移波峰一致 ,为晚寒武世全球性碳同位素正漂移提供了一个佐证。  相似文献   

5.
河北宽城地区中元古代高于庄组碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
罗顺社  汪凯明 《地质学报》2010,84(4):492-499
对河北宽城地区中元古代高于庄组碳酸盐岩的碳氧同位素进行了测定和原始性验证,表明其原始组分保存良好。δ13C、δ18O值分布范围和平均值分别为-5.03‰～0.07‰、-9.92‰～-4.12‰和-0.90‰、-6.58‰,整体上稍低于前人测定的天津蓟县剖面和北京十三陵剖面数据。分析认为:研究区δ13C值主要受有机碳氧化与有机碳的埋藏速率因素影响,有机碳的埋藏速率与蓝绿藻等生物数量关系密切,藻类繁盛的时期一般都具有较高的δ13C值,藻类稀少的时期则具有较低的δ13C值。在浅水潮坪环境中,δ13C值与海平面的变化呈正相关关系;研究区δ18O值则主要受海平面变化影响,与之呈负相关关系;研究区古盐度Z值主要介于120～125之间,相关性分析表明Z值不仅反映氧同位素组成,也反映了碳同位素组成,δ18O和δ13C均与沉积介质的盐度有关,其变化趋势是盐度越大,其δ值越高。  相似文献   

6.
依据实测的燕山地区(1.6～1.0Ga)高于庄组—景儿峪组114个碳、氧同位素数据,研究、讨论了中、新元古界碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成、演化及其地质意义。研究表明,燕山中、新元古界由下至上的地层序列上,碳、氧同位素表现明显的旋回性演化特征,二者多显正相关关系;δ13C在-3‰～3‰区间低幅、高频振荡;δ18O则表现为-2‰～-8‰的高幅、高频波动;δ13C值的增大与沉积环境由潮间向潮下演变、海平面上升、海水变淡、生物量增多相关;降低的δ13C多代表潮间—潮上环境。高于庄组瘤状灰岩及洪水庄组页岩δ13C为低负值,代表最大海泛期沉积。氧同位素组成和变化指示研究区总体为咸化环境,杨庄组上部和雾迷山组下部古海水盐度最高,之后盐度逐渐降低,至雾迷山组上部又有所升高。研究区与天津蓟县和北京十三陵地区的中、新元古代碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成与演化表现出明显的相似性,反映了它们共同受燕山裂陷槽发育的控制;同时,与北美Belt超群和俄罗斯乌拉尔里菲期碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成、演变的高度协同性,又说明了中、新元古代碳酸盐岩中碳、氧同位素组成、演化响应于全球古海洋背景和地球化学条件。  相似文献   

7.
依据实测的塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡玉北地区41个碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素数据,结合岩石学方法,研究了碳氧同位素的组成、演化及其地质意义。数据显示,δ~(13) C值主要分布在-2.6‰~0.7‰,均值为-1.0‰;δ~(18) O值分布在-9.4‰~-3.5‰,均值为-6.9‰。玉北地区古盐度为118.39~126.34,平均为121.94。奥陶系碳酸盐岩淡水改造作用明显。碳氧同位素的组成和演化不但可以指示沉积环境,而且还与生物生产率以及古海平面变化呈正相关性:δ~(13) C的低值对应于局限台地台内滩亚相沉积环境;δ~(13) C的高值对应于开阔台地滩间海、台内滩亚相沉积环境。碳氧同位素组成还对成岩环境有明显响应:鹰山组δ~(13) C与δ~(18) O均向高负值偏移,表明经历过强烈的表生岩溶作用;蓬莱坝组δ~(13) C低—中负值,δ~(18) O表现为高负值,在白云岩储层中可见鞍状白云石及燧石,主要为深埋藏成岩环境;良里塔格组同位素特征为δ~(18) O高负值,δ~(13) C低正值,并且在进入埋藏岩溶阶段之前还经历过风化壳岩溶作用。  相似文献   

8.
野外观测发现,在新疆柯坪地区蓬莱坝剖面,中寒武统阿瓦塔格组(C2a)至下奥陶统蓬莱坝组(O1p)的碳酸盐岩在剖面上存在不同尺度的沉积旋回:体系域级、米级旋回级、藻纹层级.对49件样品进行微区取样,共得到98件样品,对其进行了精细的不同尺度沉积旋回碳氧同位素组成的分析研究.结果表明,碳酸盐岩样品的δ13C值(PDB)分布在-1.6‰～1.6‰之间,平均为-0.5‰,δ18O值(PDB)为-12.7‰～-4.3‰,平均-6.2‰,因此,除了明显受到后期成岩蚀变作用(退白云岩化)的藻碳酸盐岩外,其余样品的碳氧同位素组成总体位于正常的海相碳酸盐岩沉积范围内.在体系域尺度上,对于Ⅲ2旋回层序高水位体系域(C2a1),海平面变化是控制碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素组成的主要因素;对于Ⅲ3旋回层序(C2a2-O1p),伴随海平面的升降变化,岩石沉积微环境复杂多变.在米级旋回尺度上,米级旋回的形成除了受高频海平面变化影响外,还受到古构造、古气候的叠加影响.在藻纹层旋回尺度上,δ13C值比δ18O值更能反映藻纹层的旋回性变化特征,藻纹层的形成受控于有机质沉积速率的季节性变化.  相似文献   

9.
扬子地台灯影组碳酸盐岩中的硫和碳同位素记录   总被引：17，自引：3，他引：17  
扬子地区灯影组的海相碳酸盐岩地层不仅记录了当时海水的碳同位素变化，也保存了海水的硫同位素记录，能够通过测定所提取的微量硫酸盐的硫同位素组成来获得。灯影组碳酸盐岩中微量硫酸盐的δ^34S值大部分在 20.0‰～ 38．7‰之间变化，碳酸盐岩的δ^13C值变化在 0．5‰～ 5．0‰之间。除灯影组顶、底界线处外，δ^34S和δ^13C值总体上变化幅度较小，大体上呈逐渐降低的变化趋势。灯影组碳酸盐岩中连续的硫、碳同位素记录分别反映了同期海水中溶解硫酸盐和碳酸盐的硫、碳同位素的变化特征。灯影组微量硫酸盐和碳酸盐岩的同位素特征，意味着灯影期海洋中具有高的生物产率和有机碳埋藏速率；除了顶底界线处，具有相对稳定的古气候条件和古海洋环境。灯影期海水的δ^34S值和δ^13C值同时呈逐渐降低的变化趋势，可能是由海洋深部水体逐渐氧化所致。  相似文献   

10.
在野外沉积特征研究、室内薄片观察的基础上,对四川盆地东部龙王庙组22个碳酸盐岩样品的碳、氧同位素进行测试,在充分论证样品的有效性后,分析研究区龙王庙组碳、氧同位素特征,进而探讨龙王庙组沉积期的古气候及古海洋环境。样品实验数据显示δ13C值分布在-1.533‰~2.619‰,平均为0.046‰;δ18O值分布在-9.916‰~-3.580‰,平均为-7.746‰;碳、氧同位素整体变化趋势与扬子地台其他区域基本相同。古海洋环境恢复表明,龙王庙组沉积期四川盆地东部整体处于海相环境,海水盐度呈先降低、后增高、复又降低的多段式变化;海水温度主要分布在20~30℃,属于温暖或炎热的亚热带气候;在海平面缓慢波动性下降、陆架暴露、生物灭绝的沉积环境影响下,龙王庙组δ13C值具有负漂移的演化趋势。龙王庙组沉积中期的水体深度最浅,古盐度最高,是白云岩最为有利的发育阶段。  相似文献   

11.
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12.
Radiogenic isotopes in fluid inclusions   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
Igor M. Villa   《Lithos》2001,55(1-4):115-124
Radiogenic isotopes studied in fluid inclusions are still a limited field, with great potential for expansion as analytical techniques improve. The main limitation for Sr, Ar and He isotope work is the very small number of radiogenic atoms produced in a typical fluid inclusion. The requirements to analysts are correspondingly high. Examples show that isotopic tracing on fluid inclusion fluids can be a decisive tool in solving geological problems.  相似文献   

13.
In an effort to constrain the mechanism of dolomitization in Neogene dolomites in the Bahamas and improve understanding of the use of chemostratigraphic tracers in shallow‐water carbonate sediments the δ34S, Δ47, δ13C, δ18O, δ44/40Ca and δ26Mg values and Sr concentrations have been measured in dolomitized intervals from the Clino core, drilled on the margin of Great Bahama Bank and two other cores (Unda and San Salvador) in the Bahamas. The Unda and San Salvador cores have massively dolomitized intervals that have carbonate associated sulphate δ34S values similar to those found in contemporaneous seawater and δ44/40Ca, δ26Mg values, Sr contents and Δ47 temperatures (25 to 30°C) indicating relatively shallow dolomitization in a fluid‐buffered system. In contrast, dolomitized intervals in the Clino core have elevated values of carbonate associated sulphate δ34S values indicating dolomitization in a more sediment‐buffered diagenetic system where bacterial sulphate reduction enriches the residual in 34S, consistent with high sediment Sr concentrations and low δ44/40Ca and high δ26Mg values. Only dolomites associated with hardgrounds in the Clino core have carbonate associated δ34S values similar to seawater, indicating continuous flushing of the upper layers of the sediment by seawater during sedimentary hiatuses. This interpretation is supported by changes to more positive δ44/40Ca values at hardground surfaces. All dolomites, whether they formed in an open fluid‐buffered or closed sediment‐buffered diagenetic system have similar δ26Mg values suggesting that the HMC transformed to dolomite. The clumped isotope derived temperatures in the dolomitized intervals in Clino yield temperatures that are higher than normal, possibly indicating a kinetic isotope effect on dolomite Δ47 values associated with carbonate formation through bacterial sulphate reduction. The findings of this study highlight the utility of applying multiple geochemical proxies to disentangle the diagenetic history of shallow‐water carbonate sediments and caution against simple interpretations of stratigraphic variability in these geochemical proxies as indicating changes in the global geochemical cycling of these elements in seawater.  相似文献   

14.
Neoproterozoic chemostratigraphy   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
Chemostratigraphy has diverse applications to investigating the rock record, such as reconstructing paleoenvironments, determining the tectonic setting of sedimentary basins, indirect dating, and establishing regional or global correlations. Chemostratigraphy is thus an integral component of many investigations of the ancient sedimentary record. In this contribution, we review the principle inorganic geochemical methods that have been applied to the Neoproterozoic sedimentary record. Analysis of the traditional stable and radiogenic isotope systems, such as δ13C, δ18O, δ34S, and 87Sr/86Sr, is routine, particularly in successions rich in carbonate. These mainstay applications have yielded invaluable data and information bearing on the chronology and evolution of this eventful era in Earth history. Alongside the growing database of traditional data, a series of novel geochemical techniques have given rise to important new models and constraints on Neoproterozoic biogeochemical change. In particular, a range of proxies for water column redox, mainly obtained from black shales, have shed light on the pace and tempo of Neoproterozoic oxygenation and its link to the appearance of early animal evolution. Increased integration of diverse geochemical, sedimentological, and paleontological datasets, and the gradual radiometric calibration of the stratigraphic record promise to bring the details of the evolution of the Neoproterozoic Earth system into ever greater focus.  相似文献   

15.
硫、氧同位素和放射性同位素比值在示踪岩浆与围岩的反应及在岩浆镍-铜-铂族元素矿床成因中同化过程的重要性方面有很大作用。如1.1Ga的Duluth杂岩、Norilsk地区二叠-三叠纪侵入岩和1.4Ga的Kabanga侵入岩体中矿床的硫同位素测定结果证明硫来自含硫化物和硫酸盐的围岩。1.3Ga的VoisbeysBay矿床矿石的硫同位素δ34S值通常落入公认的地幔硫同位素组成范围(0±2‰)内,而对其元古宙变质沉积围岩进行的详细研究结果显示δ34S的平均值也在此范围。全面了解同位素组成的潜在混染对合理评价提供硫来源的围岩在矿石形成中的作用是非常必要的。用氧同位素和放射性同位素示踪岩浆和围岩相互作用时,必须在开放体系没有扰动同位素系统情况下进行。在氧同位素体系和放射性同位素体系(如Re/Os、Pb同位素体系)中,元素在热液条件下活动性强或主相没有发生同位素交换与吸收,都会导致低温热液过程掩盖高温过程。只有在进行详细的岩相观察和单矿物分析之后,再应用围岩混染同位素模式才是有意义的。  相似文献   

16.
Isotope data and trace elements concentrations are presented for volcanic and plutonic rocks from the Livingston, Greenwich, Robert, King George and Ardley islands (South Shetland arc, Antarctica). These islands were formed during subduction of the Phoenix Plate under the Antarctica Plate from Cretaceous to Tertiary. Isotopically (87Sr/86Sr)o ratios vary from 0.7033 to 0.7046 and (143Nd/144Nd)o ratios from 0.5127 to 0.5129. εNd values vary from +2.71 to +7.30 that indicate asthenospheric mantle source for the analysed samples. 208Pb/204Pb ratios vary from 38.12 to 38.70, 207Pb/204Pb ratios are between 15.49 and 15.68, and 206Pb/204Pb from 18.28 to 18.81. The South Shetland rocks are thought to be derived from a depleted MORB mantle source (DMM) modified by mixtures of two enriched mantle components such as slab-derived melts and/or fluids and small fractions of oceanic sediment (EM I and EM II). The isotopic compositions of the subduction component can be explained by mixing between at least 4 wt.% of sediment and 96 wt.% of melts and/or fluids derived from altered MORB.  相似文献   

17.
Lithological, chemical, and stable isotope data are used to characterize lacustrine tufas dating back to pre-late Miocene and later unknown times, capping different surfaces of a Tertiary carbonate (Sinn el-Kedab) plateau in Dungul region in the currently hyperarid south-western Egypt. These deposits are composed mostly of calcium carbonate, some magnesium carbonate and clastic particles plus minor amounts of organic matter. They have a wide range of (Mg/Ca)molar ratios, from 0.03 to 0.3. The bulk-tufa carbonate has characteristic isotope compositions: (δ13Cmean = −2.49 ± 0.99‰; δ18Omean = −9.43 ± 1.40‰). The δ13C values are consistent with a small input from C4 vegetation or thinner soils in the recharge area of the tufa-depositing systems. The δ18O values are typical of fresh water carbonates. Covariation between δ13C and δ18O values probably is a reflection of climatic conditions such as aridity. The tufas studied are isotopically similar to the underlying diagenetic marine chalks, marls and limestones (δ13Cmean = −2.06 ± 0.84‰; δ18Omean = −10.06 ± 1.39‰). The similarity has been attributed to common meteoric water signatures. This raises large uncertainties in using tufas (Mg/Ca)molar, δ13C and δ18O records as proxies of paleoclimatic change and suggests that intrinsic compositional differences in material sources within the plateau may mask climatic changes in the records.  相似文献   

18.
Pelagic deposits at Abadeh represent a complete biostratigraphic record across the Permian/Triassic boundary (PTB). The presumed water depth during deposition of these sediments was between 60 and 90 m. Similar to other Permian/Triassic boundary sections, the succession at Abadeh is characterised by a negative carbon isotope shift of approximately 4. The values start to decrease in the lower C. changxingensis - C. deflecta s.l. Zone, reach –0.12 (V-PDB) in the uppermost Permian just below the PTB, remain low to the early I. isarcica Zone (–0.32) and increase subsequently in the upper I. isarcica Zone. For the time interval of the PTB negative carbon isotope excursion, between the C. iranica and the I. isarcica Zones, no correlation exists between the 13Ccarb and the 18Ocarb. The above observations argue against the conclusion of Heydari et al. (2001) that the carbon isotope event at the P/T transition is an alteration artefact and not a global signal. The decrease in 13Ccarb is accompanied by a ~5 (and potentially up to 10) increase in 34SSSS. Together, these features are thought to reflect a complex global event, notably the development of widespread anoxic oceans with anoxic bottom layers rising onto the shelves. For the carbon isotope drop, other factors, such as the collapse of ocean primary productivity may also have played a role. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of Dzhulfian seawater show only a minor increase from 0.70705 to 0.70710, reaching 0.70720 in the Dorashamian. The increase becomes steeper in the Early Triassic reaching 0.70754 in the N. dieneri Zone. The rise of the strontium isotope values is thought to be related to enhanced continental weathering under humid climatic conditions in the uppermost Permian (C. meishanensis - H. praeparvus Zone) and the lack of a dense land vegetation in the Early Triassic, prior to the Spathian (Upper Olenekian).  相似文献   

19.
Iron is one of the most abundant transition metal in higher plants and variations in its isotopic compositions can be used to trace its utilization. In order to better understand the effect of plant-induced isotopic fractionation on the global Fe cycling, we have estimated by quantum chemical calculations the magnitude of the isotopic fractionation between different Fe species relevant to the transport and storage of Fe in higher plants: Fe(II)-citrate, Fe(III)-citrate, Fe(II)-nicotianamine, and Fe(III)-phytosiderophore. The ab initio calculations show firstly, that Fe(II)-nicotianamine is ～3‰ (56Fe/54Fe) isotopically lighter than Fe(III)-phytosiderophore; secondly, even in the absence of redox changes of Fe, change in the speciation alone can create up to ～1.5‰ isotopic fractionation. For example, Fe(III)-phytosiderophore is up to 1.5‰ heavier than Fe(III)-citrate2 and Fe(II)-nicotianamine is up to 1‰ heavier than Fe(II)-citrate. In addition, in order to better understand the Fe isotopic fractionation between different plant components, we have analyzed the iron isotopic composition of different organs (roots, seeds, germinated seeds, leaves and stems) from six species of higher plants: the dicot lentil (Lens culinaris), and the graminaceous monocots Virginia wild rye (Elymus virginicus), Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), river oat (Uniola latifolia), and Indian goosegrass (Eleusine indica). The calculations may explain that the roots of strategy-II plants (Fe(III)-phytosiderophore) are isotopically heavier (by about 1‰ for the δ56Fe) than the upper parts of the plants (Fe transported as Fe(III)-citrate in the xylem or Fe(II)-nicotianamine in the phloem). In addition, we suggest that the isotopic variations observed between younger and older leaves could be explained by mixing of Fe received from the xylem and the phloem.  相似文献   

20.
Modelling of tree-ring δ13C and δ18O data from the Columbia Icefield area in the eastern Rocky Mountains of western Canada provides fuller understanding of climatic and hydrologic variability over the past 1000 yr in this region, based on reconstruction of changes in growth season atmospheric relative humidity (RHgrs), winter temperature (Twin) and the precipitation δ18O-Twin relation. The Little Ice Age (~ AD 1530s-1890s) is marked by low RHgrs and Twin and a δ18O-Twin relation offset from that of the present, reflecting enhanced meridional circulation and persistent influence of Arctic air masses. Independent proxy hydrologic evidence suggests that snowmelt sustained relatively abundant streamflow at this time in rivers draining the eastern Rockies. In contrast, the early millennium was marked by higher RHgrs and Twin and a δ18O-Twin relation like that of the 20th century, consistent with pervasive influence of Pacific air masses because of strong zonal circulation. Especially mild conditions prevailed during the “Medieval Climate Anomaly” ~ AD 1100-1250, corresponding with evidence for reduced discharge in rivers draining the eastern Rockies and extensive hydrological drought in neighbouring western USA.  相似文献   

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