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1.
构造分析表明,哀牢山-红河构造带哀牢山段由3个不同变形域组成,它们可能代表该构造带所经历的3期左行走滑。第一期左行走滑发生于构造带的整个东部高级带,变形体制为拉张性走滑,并形成角闪岩相L型构造岩。第二期走滑形成东部高级带的强变形带,变形体制接近简单剪切并形成绿片岩相L-S型糜棱岩。第三期左行走滑主要发生于西部低级带,变形体制为挤压性走滑,形成一左行逆冲的整体构造格局,并在变形带上形成千糜岩。地质年代学数据证明,三期左行走滑的形成时代分别是:58～56Ma以前、27Ma到22Ma、13～12Ma左右。哀牢山-红河构造带第一期走滑可…  相似文献   

2.
东喜马拉雅构造结经历了前期楔入和后期垮塌变形.楔入事件发生于～60Ma、～23Ma和～13 Ma,垮塌开始于6～7Ma.哀牢山红河构造带同样经历早期走滑和后期正断,走滑年代分别为58～56Ma、23Ma和13Ma,后期正断开始于5.5 Ma.上述年龄的意义在于～60Ma的变形代表印度与欧亚大陆的初期碰撞;2 Ma为青藏高原及邻区的主变形期;13Ma的变形也代表一次汇聚事件,并形成青藏高原的东西向伸展.6～7Ma以后的垮塌作用代表了青藏高原的快速隆升.  相似文献   

3.
印度支那地块第三纪构造滑移与青藏高原岩石圈构造演化   总被引：23，自引：5，他引：18  
印度支那地块于早第三纪至中新世发生大规模地向东南方向走滑,同时伴随着15°顺时针旋转。青藏高原及邻区晚自垩世以来的古地磁古构造及地质年代学研究新成果,说明青藏高原岩石圈的构造演化过程,即古新世初印度板块与欧亚大陆的南缘拉萨地块碰撞,至49 Ma左右印度与拉萨地块发生全面拼合,随着印度板块进一步向北挤压,从碰撞期至16 Ma,印度支那地块沿红河大型走滑断裂发生侧向滑移;印度与“欧亚大陆”之间的构造缩短通过岩右圈板块沿着大型走滑断裂系的挤出以及板块间的消减得到调整。青藏高原大规模的岩石圈构造缩短很可能始于中新世27 Ma左右沿着早期陆块间的接合带发生。一些事实还说明青藏高原的总体隆起很可能是通过10 Ma前后和3 Ma以后多期非均匀隆升形成的。  相似文献   

4.
哀牢山—红河断裂带位于青藏高原东南缘, 由青藏高原延入南海, 是一条分割华南地块与印支地块的构造分界线, 在地貌上也是一条醒目的分界线。纵向上由4个北西向的长条状变质带组成(雪龙山、点苍山、哀牢山和Day Nui Con Voi变质带), 长约1 200 km。横向上分高级变质带和低级变质带, 二者之间为倾向北东的哀牢山逆冲断裂带, 其中高级变质带主要由元古界高级片麻岩、混合岩、淡色花岗岩脉以及S-L型糜棱岩组成, 低级变质带主要由古生界云母片岩、板岩、千枚岩和S型初糜棱岩组成, 夹杂着条带状基性岩与超基性岩。断裂带整体往南东方向逐渐变宽。西北段面理近直立, 线理近水平, 发育近直立的紧闭褶皱, 南东段较宽, 面理变平缓, 发育宽缓褶皱, 靠近北东侧面理倾向北东, 倾角较陡。中生代时期, 该断裂带是印支地块与杨子地块俯冲碰撞边界线, 也称为金沙江—哀牢山—松马缝合带。新生代以来, 受印度板块与欧亚板块持续挤压汇聚的影响, 青藏高原东南缘发生多期逃逸, 该断裂是藏东南地块挤出逃逸的边界, 协调着印支地块与杨子地块的相对运动。新生代早期印支地块向南东逃逸, 该断裂带作为逃逸块体的北边界表现为左旋走滑; 随着印度地块的持续向北推进, 新生代晚期华南地块(川滇地块)往南东逃逸, 该断裂带作为其南边界断裂表现为右旋走滑, 兼具正断分量。哀牢山—红河断裂带新生代两期次运动与印度板块东构造结的运动轨迹、青藏高原的隆升、逃逸时序、南海的扩张皆具有密切关系。对该断裂带转换时间和机制进行研究, 不仅有利于认识该断裂的演化历史, 而且有利于认识青藏高原的隆升、南海新生代构造演化历史。此外, 对该断裂新生代构造转换的研究有利于对构造逃逸模式、均匀变形模式、旋转模式以及下地壳流模式的检验。  相似文献   

5.
造山带内大型走滑断层带的运动、变形及变质事件的精细厘定,对研究造山带演化具有重要意义。沿着红河-哀牢山走滑断裂带出露大量深变质杂岩体,这些深变质杂岩保存了极其丰富的变形-变质以及热-构造演化信息。本文重点以红河-哀牢山走滑断层带中的变基性岩和变泥质岩为研究对象,开展了详细的宏观和显微构造、岩相矿物组合、变形温压条件及年代学的综合分析。所有的结果表明哀牢山深变质杂岩经历了至少三个阶段的变质以及依次的变形,即早期进变质阶段(M1)、峰期麻粒岩相变质阶段(M2)(T=780～840℃,P=～0. 95GPa)以及峰后近等温减压阶段(M3),具有明显的顺时针PT演化轨迹。获得片麻岩中的锆石边的变质或熔融年龄为35. 2±0. 9Ma～33. 9±0. 8Ma。同时结合EBSD变形矿物晶格优选定向分析,可以确定峰后近等温减压阶段(M3)与区域左行剪切变形阶段相一致。  相似文献   

6.
野外构造解析和显微构造分析表明:崇山剪切断裂系北部的崇山剪切断裂带为一条左旋走滑剪切带,变形温度为300～550℃,为绿片岩相至低角闪岩相;而南部的临沧剪切带是一条带有NWW-SEE向地壳缩短变形的左旋走滑剪切带,普遍为绿片岩相,变形温度为300～450℃,存在向SE的推覆事件。对采自崇山和临沧韧性剪切带内糜棱岩样品中矿物的40Ar-39Ar年代学研究表明:崇山韧性剪切带凤庆至小湾公路26km处02DX-139样品中黑云母40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为28.3±0.1Ma,临沧韧性剪切带双江粟义剖面02DX-51样品白云母给出了31.5±0.2Ma的坪年龄。崇山-临沧剪切断裂带变形运动学和变形时序与哀牢山-红河剪切断裂带具有很好的一致性,这为理解滇西地区新生代构造演化和亚欧-印度块体的拼合效应及南海海盆的打开提供了新的信息。  相似文献   

7.
大型走滑断裂对青藏高原地体构架的改造   总被引：15，自引：5，他引：10  
青藏高原的大型走滑断裂有13条,已确定的大型韧性走滑断裂主要形成于3个时期:早古生代、印支期和新生代以来.印度/亚洲碰撞(60～50Ma)以来形成的大型韧性走滑构造位于青藏高原的南部,而且主要在喜马拉雅山链的东、西两侧,如西侧的喀喇昆仑和恰曼韧性右行走滑断裂,东侧的鲜水河-小江和哀牢山-红河韧性左行走滑断裂、崇山-澜沧江、嘉黎-高黎贡山和萨盖韧性右行走滑断裂等.主要的变形特征表现为早期具有地壳深部的韧性走滑剪切带性质,在后期抬升过程中,由韧性→韧脆性→脆性应变转化;而在青藏高原北部,表现为古韧性走滑剪切带的再活动,如阿尔金-康西瓦、东昆仑左行走滑断裂,以及新生的脆性断裂,如海源左行走滑断裂等.本文在青藏高原13条大型走滑断裂研究及综合研究的基础上,阐述不同时期的大型走滑断裂,以及它们在青藏高原地体拼合及碰撞造山中的作用,包括走滑断裂与走滑型褶皱造山、走滑断裂与挤压/转换型造山、走滑断裂与挤压盆-山体系、走滑断裂与地体相对位移和走滑断裂与地体的侧向挤出,以及走滑断裂与构造结的形成.  相似文献   

8.
点苍山变质杂岩新生代变质-变形演化及其区域构造内涵   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  
点苍山变质杂岩体是哀牢山-红河韧性剪切带四个变质杂岩体之一,遭受了多期多阶段变质-变形作用改造。本文重点针对点苍山杂岩的新生代变质-变形作用,尤其是以富铝质高级变质岩即夕线石榴黑云片麻岩和侵位于其中的糜棱岩化细晶花岗质岩石开展了深入研究。对夕线石榴黑云片麻岩的显微构造分析与矿物共生组合研究,确定了高角闪岩相和低角闪岩相变质矿物共生组合,分别为:石榴石(Grt)+夕线石(Sil)+钾长石(Kfs)+黑云母(Bi)+斜长石(Pl)±石英(Q)和夕线石(Sil)+白云母(Ms)+黑云母(Bi)+石英(Q)。对其中的变质锆石进行SHRIMP U-Pb测试,获得了新生代三个阶段的变质作用年龄,即54.2±1.7Ma、31.5±1.5Ma和27.5±1.2Ma.本文还深入研究了侵位于高级变质岩中的一个花岗岩质糜棱岩的宏观与显微构造特点,其LA-ICP-MS年龄为24.4±0.89Ma,代表着同剪切就位花岗质岩浆侵位和结晶年龄。夕线石榴黑云片麻岩中变质锆石从2150～27Ma多期多阶段表观年龄的发育,表明点苍山变质杂岩体具有复杂的构造演化史。点苍山杂岩的多阶段新生代构造-热演化归咎于印度-欧亚板块会聚与碰撞作用(约54Ma)、造山后伸展作用(大约40～30Ma)和沿着哀牢山-红河剪切带大规模左行走滑变形作用(约27～21Ma)。  相似文献   

9.
李华健  王庆飞  杨林  于华之  王璇 《岩石学报》2017,33(7):2189-2201
青藏高原碰撞造山背景下形成了雅鲁藏布江缝合带及哀牢山造山带两条造山型金矿带。雅鲁藏布江缝合带包含马攸木、念扎、邦布及折木朗金矿等;该矿带形成于拉萨地块及特提斯喜马拉雅地层序列地壳初始缩短加厚的背景(59~44Ma),与林子宗火山岩和高压变质岩同期形成。控矿构造主要以EW向展布。金以自然金形式赋存在石英硫化物脉及石英脉两侧以绿片岩相变质为主的千枚岩及板岩中。哀牢山造山带包含镇沅、金厂、大坪及长安金矿等,主要形成于35~26Ma,成矿背景为区域发生大规模走滑剪切,矿区内分布有成矿前期的煌斑岩及富碱斑岩。控矿构造主要以NW-SE向展布,围岩变质级低于雅鲁藏布江缝合带。C-S-H-O-Pb同位素变化较大,整体雅鲁藏布江缝合带及哀牢山造山带造山型金矿成矿流体主要来源于深部地幔流体、围岩地层的变质流体及岩浆流体,成矿围岩的差异性也会导致同位素的变化性。  相似文献   

10.
本文系统论述了西南三江地区那邦、高黎贡山、崇山-澜沧江、点苍山-哀牢山-红河剪切走滑带、区域性伸展与变质核杂岩、新生代盆地及走滑过程中的碱性岩浆活动等特征,认为西南三江地区经历了挤压收缩变形(60~40Ma)、走滑伸展热隆(40~38Ma)、走滑剪切深熔(38~23Ma)、走滑剪切伸展(23~11Ma)、走滑剥蚀隆升(11~5Ma)5个时空演化阶段,并对应5种运动机制及动力学机制:碰撞挤压、走滑拉张热隆(岩浆)、走滑剪切深熔、剪切伸展、走滑垮塌,主要表现为走滑造山。西南三江造山带是印度板块向欧亚板块斜向俯冲形成的多条巨型顺时针走滑剪切带,其间的块体向南逸出并顺时针旋转。走滑断层系起了位移量调节和构造变换的作用,西南三江造山带为典型的走滑造山带。  相似文献   

11.
Structural analyses show that the Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone （ASRRSZ） in Ailao Mountain is composed of three different deformational domains. These domains may represent three episodes of left-lateral slip experienced by the ASRRSZ. The first episode of such deformation occurred throughout the eastern high-grade belt of the ASRRSZ under a transtensional regime and produced L- type tectonites of amphibolite grade. The second episode of left-lateral slip formed high strain zones overprinting the high-grade belt. Its deformational mechanism is similar to simple shear and the deformed rocks are L-S mylonites of greenschist grade. The third episode of left-lateral slip took place chiefly in a western low-grade belt of the ASRRSZ. This deformation occurred in a transpressional regime, formed an overall structure pattern of a sinistral thrust system and produced phyllonites of low-greenschist grade. Geochronological data indicated that the three episodes of left-lateral slip happened before ～58-56 Ma, at least from ～27 Ma to 22 Ma and at ～13-12 Ma respectively. The first episode of slip in the ASRRSZ appeared to correspond to the initial collision of India and Asia at ～60 Ma. The second episode took place almost at the same time as the most intensive compression and uplift in Tibet. The latest event might represent a further eastward material flow in Tibet after ～16-13 Ma. Thus, the ASRRSZ of southeastern Asia probably experienced three main episodes of Tertiary left- lateral slip in the course of intracontinental convergence since the India-Asia collision.  相似文献   

12.
The left-lateral strike-slip shearing along the Ailao Shan–Red River (ASRR) shear zone in the Southeastern Tibet, China, has been widely advocated to be a result of the Indian–Eurasian plate collision and post-collisional processes. The Diancang Shan (DCS) massif, which occurs at the northwestern extension of the Ailao Shan massif, is a typical high-grade metamorphic complex aligned along the ASRR tectonic belt. Structural and microstructural analysis of the plutonic intrusions in the DCS revealed different types of granitic intrusions spatially confined to the shear zone and temporally related to the left-lateral shearing along the ASRR shear zone in the DCS massif. The combined structural and geochronological results of SHRIMP-II and LA-ICP-MS zircon U/Pb isotopic dating have revealed successive magmatic intrusions and crystallization related to the Oligo-Miocene shearing in the DCS massif. The pre-, early- and syn-kinematic emplacements are linked to regional high-temperature deformation (lower amphibolite facies) at relatively deep crustal levels. The zircon U/Pb geochronological results suggest that the left-lateral ductile shearing along the ASRR shear zone was initiated at ca. 31 Ma, culminated between ca. 27 and 21 Ma resulting in high-temperature metamorphic conditions and slowed down at ca. 20 Ma at relatively low-temperatures.  相似文献   

13.
西秦岭勉略带陆内构造变形研究   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  
陈虹  胡健民  武国利  高卫 《岩石学报》2010,26(4):1277-1288
秦岭造山带勉略缝合带是古特提斯洋盆向北俯冲形成的华北与华南最后拼接带。这个主缝合带俯冲-碰撞过程中以由北向南的一系列韧性逆冲推覆构造为特征,形成由前泥盆系、泥盆-石炭系和蛇绿混杂岩等不同构造岩片叠置的复杂构造带,碰撞时代从245Ma一直延续到230Ma左右。最近,作者对勉略缝合带内发育的韧性和脆性左行走滑剪切变形进行了研究,结果表明这些顺造山带的左行韧性走滑剪切变形带的变形时代为223±2Ma,与碰撞后花岗岩所确定的碰撞后构造环境的起始时间(225Ma)一致,显示这些韧性走滑剪切变形带是勉略带陆内变形初期变形产物。亦即华北、扬子大陆碰撞之后很快就转入陆内变形阶段,并且是以顺造山带的侧向走滑位移为主要变形方式。勉略带内顺造山带的脆性左行走滑断层的发育,表明这种顺造山带的侧向位移过程从深部到地壳浅层是一致的。因此,大陆碰撞在直接碰撞之后很快转变为顺造山带的侧向走滑位移为主的陆内变形,这种位移可能表现为两个大陆碰撞后的相对走滑,或是碰撞带中强烈变形部分顺造山带的侧向挤出,从而消减了正向碰撞所造成的地壳缩短和增厚。  相似文献   

14.
<正>The Ailao Shan-Red River fault zone is the boundary between the Yangtze block to the northeast and the Indochina block to the southwest.It is an important tectonic zone due to its role in the southeastward extrusion of the Indochina block during and subsequent to the Indian-Eurasian collision.Diancang Shan(DCS) high-grade metamorphic complex,located at the northwest extension along the Ailao Shan-Red River(ASRR) shear zone,is a representative metamorphic complex of the ASRR tectonic belt.Structural and microstructural analysis of sheared rocks in the high-grade metamorphic rocks reveals that they are coherent with solid-state high-temperature ductile deformation,which is attributed to left-lateral shearing along the ASRR shear zone.New LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb geochronological and microstructural studies of the post-kinematic granitic plutons provide a straightforward time constraint on the termination ductile left-lateral shearing and exhumation of the metamorphic massif in the ASRR shear zone.It is suggested that the left-lateral shearing along the ASRR shear zone ended at ca.21 Ma at relative lower-temperature or decreasing temperature conditions.During or after the emplacement of the young dikes at ca.21 Ma,rapid brittle deformation event occurred,which makes the DCS massif start fast uplift/exhumation and cooling to a shallow crustal level.  相似文献   

15.
哀牢山-红河剪切带是东南亚重要的构造边界,其记录了青藏高原东南缘新生代以来的陆内变形和地貌演化。本次研究对该剪切带哀牢山南段开展了基于LA-ICPMS法测试的磷灰石裂变径迹低温年代学分析。磷灰石裂变径迹年龄数据和热史反演模拟揭示哀牢山段存在晚始新世-早中新世(40～20Ma)的快速剥露事件,而早中新世(大约20Ma)之后处于稳定的慢速剥露过程。磷灰石裂变径迹年龄-海拔分布曲线特征暗示:快速剥露机制存在差异,早期阶段(40～26Ma)的剥露过程受控于伸展为主的左旋走滑体制影响;晚阶段(26～20Ma)的快速剥露归因于简单剪切为主的左旋走滑剪切体制,上述结果暗示哀牢山-红河构造带在晚渐新世发生了一次重要的构造体制转换,即从走滑伸展变形转换为简单剪切变形。哀牢山杂岩带北段、中段、南段冷却路径对比,表明北-中段可能存在两阶段快速冷却作用,而南段只发生单一快速冷却作用;结合青藏高原东南缘低温热年代学数据,暗示自中-晚中新世,青藏高原中、下地壳物质可能向东南缘扩展,并已到达哀牢山中段,同时诱发哀牢山杂岩带以北广大地区的抬升和快速冷却。  相似文献   

16.
As the boundary between the Indochina and the South China blocks, the Ailao Shan-Red River (ASRR) shear zone underwent a sinistral strike-slip shearing which is characterized by ductile deformation structures along the Ailao Shan range. The timing issue of left-lateral shearing along the ASRR shear zone is of first-order importance in constraining the nature and regional significance of the shear zone. It has been, therefore, focused on by many previous studies, but debates still exist on the age of initiation and termination of shearing along the shear zone. In this paper, we dated 5 samples of granitic plutons (dykes) along the Ailao Shan shear zone. Zircon U–Pb ages of four sheared or partly sheared granitic rocks give ages of 30.9 ± 0.7, 36.6 ± 0.1, 25.9 ± 1.0 and 27.2 ± 0.2 Ma, respectively. An undeformed granitic dyke intruding mylonitic foliation gives crystallization age of 21.8 ± 1 Ma. The Th/U ratios of zircon grains from these rocks fall into two populations (0.17–1.01 and 0.07–0.08), reflecting magmatic and metamorphic origins of the zircons. Detailed structural and microstructural analysis reveals that the granitic intrusions are ascribed to pre-, syn- and post-shearing magmatisms. The zircon U–Pb ages of these granites provide constraints on timing of the initiation (later than 31 Ma from pre-shearing granitic plutons, but earlier than 27 Ma from syn-shearing granitic dykes) and termination (ca. 21 Ma from the post-shearing granitic dykes) of strong ductile left-lateral shearing, which is consistent with previous results on the Diancang Shan and Day Nui Con Voi massifs in the literature. We also conclude that the left-lateral shearing along the ASRR shear zone is the result of southeastward extrusion of the Indochina block during the Indian–Eurasian plate collision. Furthermore, the left-lateral shearing was accompanied by the ridge jump, postdating the opening, of the South China Sea.  相似文献   

17.
The uplift of the Ailao Shan-Diancang Shan(ASDS) along the Ailao Shan-Red River(ASRR) shear zone is an important geological event in the southeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau tectonic domain in the Late Cenozoic,and it preserves important information on the structures,exhumational history and tectonic evolution of the ASRR shear zone.The uplift structural mode and uplift timing of the ASDS is currently an important scientific topic for understanding the ASDS formation and late stage movements and evolution of the ASRR shear zone.The formation of the ASDS has been widely considered to be the consequence of the strike-slip movements of the ASRR shear zone.However,the shaping of geomorphic units is generally direct results of the latest tectonic activities.In this study,we investigated the timing and uplift structural mechanism of the ASDS and provided the following lines of supportive evidence.Firstly,the primary tectonic foliation of the ASDS shows significant characteristic variations,with steeply dipping tectonic foliation developed on the east side of the ASDS and the relatively horizontal foliation on the west side.Secondly,from northeast to southwest direction,the deformation and metamorphism gradually weakened and this zone can be further divided into three different metamorphic degree belts.Thirdly,the contact relationship between the ASDS and the Chuxiong basin-Erhai lake is a normal fault contact which can be found on the east side of the ASDS.40Ar/39 Argeochronology suggests that the Diancang Shan had experienced a fast cooling event during 3–4 Ma.The apatite fission track testing method gives the age of 6.6–10.7 Ma in the Diancang Shan and 4.6–8.4 Ma in the Ailao Shan,respectively.Therefore the uplift of the ASDS can be explained by tilted block mode in which the east side was uplifted much higher than the west side,and it is not main reason of the shearing movements of the ASRR shear zone.The most recent uplift stages of the ASDS happened in the Pliocene(3–4 Ma) and Late Miocene(6–10 Ma).  相似文献   

18.
哀牢山构造带是青藏高原东南缘重要的边界构造带,其内出露的深变质岩系一直被认为是古老的变质基底岩石。利用LA-ICP-MS原位微区分析技术对哀牢山深变质岩系锆石进行U-Pb年龄、微量元素分析。结果表明深变质岩系的原岩有728±8Ma、727±3Ma、231±4Ma的花岗质岩石和其它年龄的碎屑岩,变质时代为27.8~23.7Ma。综合野外地质特征和分析结果,我们认为哀牢山深构造带在晚渐新世27.8~23.7Ma发生了大规模的地壳深熔作用,现今所见深变质岩系是由不同时代、不同岩性的原岩在晚渐新世(27.8~23.7Ma)变质形成,不全是古老的变质基底岩石。深熔过程中熔/流体发生了明显的迁移。哀牢山变质带具有混合岩化特征的岩石很可能是峰期变质作用后减压熔融的产物。晚渐新世地壳深熔作用与左行走滑剪切是哀牢山深变质带折返过程中近似同时发生的两种不同变质表现形式,两者相互影响、相互制约。  相似文献   

19.
滇西哀牢山-点苍山形成的构造和地貌过程*   总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文
青藏高原东南边缘规模最大的一条新生代走滑剪切带沿云南滇西的哀牢山-点苍山山脉分布。构造和地貌证据表明,该山脉的形成可能经历了4个阶段:第1阶段发生在中新世早中期(22~17百万年),以差异性大规模的隆升为特征,同时伴随着剥蚀,成因是剪切带的左行走滑运动;第2 阶段发生在20~10百万年,以区域性侵蚀为特征,山体的大部分与周边地体同时被夷平;第3阶段发生在中新世中晚期(13~9百万年),以区域性隆升和河流快速下切为特征,差异性的侵蚀导致山体雏形的形成;第4阶段始于晚新生代(5百万年),以差异性隆升为特征,其中, 点苍山的隆升是构造成因, 而哀牢山山体的形成可能与红河的下切相辅相成,有限的隆升是地壳发生均衡反弹造成的。  相似文献   

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