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藏北羌塘地区侏罗纪颗石藻化石的发现及其意义 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
藏北羌塘地区出现了两套代表深水相沉积的黑色岩系,成为该区研究中的又一热点。最近通过扫描电镜,首次发现黑色岩系中含有数量丰富但属种比较单一的钙质超微化石——颗石藻(Cocco-lithophore)。经鉴定,主要是Ellipsagelosphaera sp.(椭圆晶球颗石藻未定种),结合菊石化石,认为其时代归属于侏罗纪。这一重大发现标志着在西藏特提斯最东部侏罗纪地层中颗石藻化石的存在。文中初步识别了Ellipsagelosphaera sp.及其分布、时代。地球化学分析表明:含颗石藻的烃源岩有机质丰富,认为这两套深水相黑色岩系的出现特别是以颗石藻输入为主的烃源层可能是因为颗石藻的勃发。颗石藻的发现,对研究区烃源岩的空间分布可能提供了一种新的研究思路和研究方法。 相似文献
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颗石藻是海洋中广泛分布的超微型浮游藻,经生物矿化作用形成的碳酸钙质颗石,在古海洋学研究中具有重要意义。海洋粘土矿物与有机质的有机-无机相互作用在全球碳循环中扮演着重要角色。本文选取广泛分布于海洋的赫氏颗石藻Emiliania huxleyi与海洋粘土矿物中具有代表性的伊利石和蒙脱石共培养。通过对颗石藻生长曲线和Sr/Ca、Mg/Ca元素比值、颗石藻与粘土矿物样品的紫外可见光吸收光谱、红外吸收光谱和矿物物相等分析,研究海洋粘土矿物与颗石藻的相互作用规律。通过研究表明伊利石对颗石藻的影响较小,蒙脱石因对营养元素的吸附和颗石藻的絮凝作用对颗石藻的生长和Sr/Ca、Mg/Ca元素比值影响较大。颗石藻代谢分泌的生物分子未能通过层间插层作用进入伊利石层间,颗石藻分泌的生物分子可通过插层作用进入并储存于蒙脱石层间,海洋粘土矿物中的蒙脱石与海洋微生物的相互作用值得地球微生物家关注,可能有助于对古海洋环境的认识。 相似文献
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介绍了颗石藻室内培养的研究进展,重点阐述了基于室内培养颗石藻在生态学、古海洋学和石油地质学等方面的应用。颗石藻在全球海洋环境变化、碳循环及地质演变中扮演着重要角色,这种重要性是由其独特的生物、生理特点所决定的。颗石藻培养方面介绍了藻种的分离与保存、室内培养方法、培养基的选择。应用方面,首先介绍了颗石藻对海洋酸化的响应;其次,颗石藻是二甲基硫丙酸(DMSP)的高产者,释放的二甲基硫(DMS)经过一系列变化后能够对附近海域甚至全球气候产生影响;另外还介绍了基于室内培养颗石藻地球化学指标在古海洋、古气候学方面的应用;最后探讨了颗石藻热模拟实验在石油地质方面的应用。 相似文献
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今生颗石藻的有机碳泵和碳酸盐反向泵 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
海洋今生颗石藻同时具有有机碳生产和钙化作用两个过程，对海洋碳的生物地球化学循环具有重要作用。今生颗石藻通过有机碳泵（生物泵）和碳酸盐反向泵调节大气p(CO2)，最终影响全球的气候变化。介绍了今生颗石藻对全球气候变化的影响，重点讨论其碳酸盐反向泵过程，从今生颗石藻碳酸盐反向泵的生理学基础、钙化作用与光合作用的耦合机制、全球气候变化下今生颗石藻的有机碳泵和碳酸盐反向泵耦合机制改变等几个方面进行了描述。对中国近海今生颗石藻的研究进行了展望。 相似文献
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颗石藻元素地球化学研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
颗石藻元素地球化学研究在古海洋学研究中有着重要意义。目前开始研究的主要有Sr/Ca和Mg/Ca比值。研究发现,颗石的Sr/Ca比值主要受颗石藻生长和钙化速度控制,其次受温度影响;而Mg/Ca比值主要与温度有关,属种间受影响程度有差别。样品清洗和单种分离是颗石藻元素地球化学分析的重点和难点。倒置显微镜挑出单种颗石是目前最为方便且准确的分析方法。颗石Sr/Ca比值可以用来反映古生产力,Mg/Ca比值可以用来重建古温度。 相似文献
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在我国云南省晋宁县梅树村地区下寒武统发现了颗石藻化石,计有两个新属四个新种:微细管碟星藻属(新属)(Microtubediscoaster gen.nov.)包括昆阳微细管碟星藻(新属新种)(Microubediscoaster kunyangensis gen.et sp.nov.)和蜂巢微细管碟星藻(新属新种)(Microtubediscoaster honeycomb gen.et sp.nov.);始四枝碟星藻属(新属)(Eotetralithus gen.nov.)包括银杏叶始四枝碟星藻(新属新种)(Eotetralithus ginkgolabulatus gen.et sp.nov)和管柱始四枝碟星藻(新属新种)(Eotetrailthustube Pillar gen.et sp nov.).下寒武统的颗石藻化石是迄今为止世界各国已报道的最老的颗石藻化石。 相似文献
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颗石藻生烃的热模拟实验研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对同一种属但生长在不同环境中的两种颗石藻进行了加热模拟实验，探讨其成烃机理。实验发现，颗石菏含有丰富的石油烃类，加热生成的正构烷烃及类异戊二烯烷烃分布与含颗石烃源岩相似。对颗石藻生烃的热演化规律研究表明，氯仿沥青大量产生及烃类组成发生较大变化的实验温度区间为２００－３００℃，此阶段产物相当于镜质体反射率为Ｒ为０．３５－０．５５的含颗石藻烃的源岩，为低成熟原油生成阶段。本文还研究了颗石藻热模拟产物中 相似文献
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对同一种属但生长在不同环境中的两种颗石藻进行了加热模拟实验，探讨其成烃机理。实验发现，颗石藻含有丰富的石油烃类，加热生成的正构烷烃及类异成二烯烷烃分布与含颗石藻烃源岩相似。对颗石藻生烃的热演化规律研究表明，氯仿沥青大量产生及烃类组成发生较大变化的实验温度区间为２００～３００℃，此阶段产物相当于镜质体反射率Ｒ０为０．３５～０．５５的含颗石藻烃的源岩，为低成熟原油生成阶段。本文还研究了颗石藻热模拟产物中植烯类化合物和Ｃ＿（２０－）、Ｃ＿（２２－）类胡萝卜烷等类异成二烯烃随温度的变化，并检测出一种推测为Ｃ＿（２２－）二甲基－烷基环己烷的化合物。 相似文献
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颗石藻与海洋、环境关系之探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
笔者在20年的研究中相继发现,自中元古代和古生代以来海相钙质超微浮游生物－颗石藻的新属种达180余种,通过对颗石藻在海洋中分布状态与固碳特征的研究,证明颗石藻乃是海洋中重要的基础生产者,它和海洋碳酸盐及相关生物存在着密切的关系,其能借助光合作用,吸收海水中的CO2,而释放出氧气．对减少全球温室效应与保护地球生态环境平衡,有相当重要的贡献。 相似文献
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本文鉴定和描述了中国南方泥盆系的颗石藻化石,计有两个新属,八个新种和一个未定种。其中中华甲球藻属(新属)(Sinothoracosphaera gen.nov.)包括盘桃中华甲球藻(新种)(S.placenta sp.nov.)和异孔中华甲球藻(新种)(S.heteromorphicpororata sp.nov.);始驳船球石属(新属)(Eopontosphaera gen.nov.)只一个新种,即背篓形始驳船石(新种)(E.basketa sp.nov.)其它五个新属是瘤刺篮石(新种)(Scyphosphaera verruca-cras-sispina sp.nov)、小卷螺海石颗石藻(新种)(Helicopontosphaera snaila sp.nov.)、口盖无缘帽形石(新种)(Calyptrolithus operculum sp.nov.)、口孔棒球藻(新种)(Rhabdosphaerabucca-pororata sp.nov.)、柿子颗石藻(新种)(Coccolithus persimmonus sp.nov.)。一个未定种是篮石未定种(Scyphosphaera sp.)。这些化石均是在深水断槽相中发现的。 相似文献
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<正>One new genus and five new species of the family Evaniidae are described from the Early Cretaceous (Albian)Spanish amber of Penacerrada-Ⅰ(Province of Burgos),San Just and Arroyo de la Pascueta(both in the Province of Teruel):Cretevania alonsoi sp.nov.,C.montoyai sp.nov.,C.alcalai sp.nov.,C.rubusensis sp.nov.,and Iberoevania roblesi gen.and sp.nov.Taxonomic changes include Cretevania pristina(Zhang and Zhang,2000) comb.nov.,C.exquisita(Zhang,Rasmtsyn,Wang and Zhang,2007)comb.nov.,C.vesca(Zhang,Rasnitsyn,Wang and Zhang,2007)comb.nov.,and C.cyrtocerca(Deans,2004)comb.nov.,as a result of the reinterpretation of the genera Procretevania and Eovernevania.The new well preserved specimens of the genus Cretevania,together with the characters shown by the type specimens of the synonymized genera,give new information about their anatomical characters of taxonomical importance,and the genus Cretevania Rasnitsyn,1975 is re-diagnosed.The holotypes of the Russian species in amber have been revised.A cladistic analysis of fossil and extant groups of the superfamily Evanioidea is included.Cretevania had a wide palaeogeographic distribution,with the highest diversity known from Spain.The 13 known Cretevania species show a high interspecific variation mainly in wing characteristics,and a wide range of body and wing size. 相似文献
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Three new species of the extinct genus of Eoptychopterina from the Eoptychopteridae 相似文献
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TAN Jingjing HUANG Diying REN Dong 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(5):688-696
Three new fossil species of the genus Mesocupes of fossil cupedids,M.angustilabialis sp. nov.,M.latilabialis sp.nov.and M.collaris sp.nov.,are described from the Jiulongshan Formation of Inner Mongolia,China.These new species are the first three records of fossil Mesocupes in China as well as the oldest ones in the world now.This finding also extends the geographical distribution of this genus from Central to East Asia.In addition,based on the ratio of the length of the last to the penultimate abdominal ventrites of new beetles distinctly lower than that of the species from the Karabastau Formation,the age of Daohugou fossil-bearing beds might be older than that of Karatau assemblage and consequently of Middle Jurassic. 相似文献
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New Isophlebioid Dragonflies from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China (Insecta: Odonata: Isophlebioptera: Campterophlebiidae) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Three new species of fossil dragonflies assigned to Sinokaratawia Nel, Huang and Lin in family Campterophlebiidae, i.e.S, daohugouica sp. nov., S. magica sp. nov. and S. gloriosa sp. nov., and new materials of male S. prokopi Nel, Huang and Lin, 2007 are described from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. An emended diagnosis of genus Sinokaratawia was proposed. 相似文献
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One new genus and two new species of fossil Cerophytidae, Baissophytum convexus gen. et. sp. nov. and Baissophytum amplus sp. nov. are described and illustrated from Zaza Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Eravnensky (Bauntovsky) District, Buriatskay Autonomous Republic (Transbaikalia), Russia. 相似文献
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The fossil snakefly family Baissopteridae from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Barremian) of the Yixian Formation of Liaoning Province, China is reviewed. Two genera and five species of Baissopteridae are recorded, including a new genus, namely Microbaissoptera gen. nov., and three new species, i.e., Baissoptera bicolor sp. nov., Baissoptera sinica sp. nov., and Microbaissoptera monosticha sp. nov. Moreover, Baissoptera euneura Ren, 1997 is herein treated as a new junior synonymy of Baissoptera grandis Ren in Ren et al., 1995. Baissoptera minima Ponomarenko, 1993 is transferred to the presently described new genus Microbaissoptera gen. nov. based on the small body-size and the presence of a single gradate series of crossveins in radial and medial areas of posterior part of both fore- and hind wings. A key to genera of Baissopteridae is provided. 相似文献
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Mites are relatively common and diverse in fossiliferous ambers, but remain essentially unstudied. Here, we report on five new oribatid fossil species from Lower Cretaceous Spanish amber, including representatives of three superfamilies, and five families of the Oribatida. Hypovertex hispanicus sp. nov. and Tenuelamellarea estefaniae sp. nov. are described from amber pieces discovered in the San Just outcrop (Teruel Province). This is the first time fossil oribatid mites have been discovered in the El Soplao outcrop (Cantabria Province) and, here, we describe the following new species: Afronothrus ornosae sp. nov., Nothrus vazquezae sp. nov., and Platyliodes sellnicki sp. nov. The taxa are discussed in relation to other fossil lineages of Oribatida as well as in relation to their modern counterparts. Some of the inclusions were imaged using confocal laser scanning microscopy, demonstrating the potential of this technique for studying fossil mites in amber. A table, including all the known Mesozoic oribatid mites preserved in amber, is included. 相似文献