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河西走廊干旱荒漠区盐碱化土地修复与调控研究--以石羊河灌区为例 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
近年来,由于自然因素和人为因素的共同作用,石羊河灌区盐碱化土地面积逐年增加,盐碱化程度不断加深,严重影响到该区国民经济、社会和生态环境的可持续发展。文章分析了造成石羊河灌区盐碱化的自然因素和人为因素.认为自然因素主要是:①.气候干旱,降水稀少,蒸发量强烈;②.水资源量逐年减少;③.地势上位于我国现代地形的第二阶梯,为内陆河流;④.地下水质矿化度高。人为因素是:①.过度开荒,灌区大量超采地下水;②.植被大量减少,加剧了土地盐碱化;③.灌溉技术落后,有灌无排。同时从四个方面探索建立了科学合理的石羊河灌区盐碱化土地综合调控措施:①.水资源合理配置;②.以水盐平衡理论为指导,调控地上水位和盐分的时空分布;③.加强以节水灌溉为核心的灌区配套建设,推广节水防盐的灌水技术;④.扩大牧草种植,逐步实现农业三元结构。 相似文献
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平原县土地总面积1047.32km^2,辖7镇,3乡,2个办事处,1个省级经济开发区,874个行政村,总人口44万,其中农业人口38万,非农业人口6万。平原县耕地总量大,基本农田保护率高,全县共有6.07万hm^2耕地,基本农田5.52万hm^2,保护率达90%,高出法律规定的10个百分点;未利用土地较多,后备资源丰富,全县未利用土地6100hm^2,占土地面积的5.9%, 相似文献
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云南省土地石漠化特征初步研究 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
云南全省石漠化土地面积占国土面积的2.2%。岩溶地区石漠化土地面积占区域国土面积的4.1%,占岩溶面积的7.92%。近25年来石漠化土地面积增长速度约147.5km^2/a。分布特点是:(1)与碳酸盐岩地层的分布相一致,是强岩溶化地区或剧烈水土流失区;(2)岩溶区相对集中连片分布;(3)与区域性新构造运动、地貌演化密切相关;(4)在微地貌及景观方面有地区性特征。主要危害是:(1)植被及土壤同时丧失,土地产出率下降,环境容量减小,最后导致人类及一切生物的生存环境劣变;(2)环境对降雨的调蓄能力差,水资源环境恶化,可有效利用的水资源减少;(3)旱、涝灾、水土流失、泥沙淤积等自然灾害频繁,直接危害人类生命及财产。防治对策是:科学规划、合理开发和调蓄表层岩溶水资源;整治土地,改善土地利用结构;因地制宜培植当地名特优物种,发展生态农业;控制人口数量,提高人口素质;开展生态恢复性建设示范工程;组织系统的调查、实验及工程防治研究工作。 相似文献
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本区自然地理条件比较优越,但北部水土流失严重,中部土壤盐碱化发育,多涝洼成灾,南部土地沙化面积逐年增加。这些灾害直接影响了本区粮食增产和畜牧业的发展,为此本文针对存在的具体问题提出了治理对策。 相似文献
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德州市地处鲁西北平原,土地肥沃,农业历史悠久,水资源条件较好,是全国重要的粮棉生产基地。全市辖11个县(市、区),560万人口,土地总面积103.53万hm^2,耕地面积62.67万余公顷,人均耕地0.016hm^2。耕地保有量为62.67万hm^2,基本农田面积54.33万hm^2,基本农田保护率为86.1%。 相似文献
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东明县地处鲁西南边缘,黄河南岸。全境系黄河冲积平原,地势平坦。全县辖7镇6乡1个开发区,398个行政村,929个自然村,总人口74.9万,其中农业人口59.2万,18.4万户。土地总面积13.75万hm^2,其中耕地面积7.63万hm^2,农村居民点面积12.53万hm^2,人均面积0.02hm^2, 相似文献
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四川盆地紫色土丘陵区水土流失及防治对策 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
四川盆地丘陵区是该省水土流失最严重的地区。也是该地区生态环境恶化、自然灾害频繁、农村经济落后、人民生活贫穷的重要原因。文章根据四川盆地丘陵区水土流失面积大、强度高的特征及其致害因素,探讨了水土流失原因。水土流失破坏生态环境及耕地资源,淤积江河湖库,加剧水旱洪涝灾害,造成土壤肥力下降,土壤蓄水抗旱能力降低。由此提出了一些相应的防治措施——加强生态环境建设,整治坡面水系,搞好农田基本建设,强化人口/管理等,从而使水土流失得到控制,生态环境得到改善。加强对紫色砂页岩丘陵区的治理,合理开发利用土地,提高土地利用率和生产率,不仅利于四川盆地丘陵区的经济发展,而且对改善长江上游乃至整个长江流域的生态环境也具有重大的现实意义。 相似文献
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江苏省如东县地处沿海,全县土地面积18.93万hm^2(不含滩涂面积),耕地面积10.2万hm^2,人均耕地0.09hm^2,粘土是该县目前唯一可以开采利用的矿产资源。 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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正1 Introduction Geological studies established on several sections in Lanping-Simao basin have shown that the salt-bearing strata of Mengyejing formation(Yunlong Fm.in Lanping basin)are constituted by an alternation of salt layers and interbedded facies.The latter consists mainly of mudstones,and mudstone-rich conglomerate.The mineralogy and geochemistry of salt-bearing beds and 相似文献
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正On 22nd April 2014,with the approach of the 45th World Earth Day,China’s Ministry of Land and resources issued the status of China’s mineral resources in 2013.The first task of the prospecting breakthrough strategy action implemented in the last five years has been completed,and China’s security capacity for mineral resources has been significantly improved.In the 相似文献
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正There are more than 700 salt lakes with area of more than 1km2 on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China.In recent years,an oilfield brine was also found in the Nanyishan Section of Qaidam Basin in the Qinghai-Tibet 相似文献
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正1 Introduction Physical and numerical models are constructed to investigate the evolution and mechanism of salt migration driven by tectonic processes.In recent years,we have designed and ran series of models to simulate salt 相似文献
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YUAN Qin LI Jianguo QIN Zhanjie WEI Haicheng SHENG Shurong SHAN Fashou 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(Z1):276-276
正The study of Cretaceous-Palaeogene salt-bearing strata of the Khorat Basin Laos and the Lanping-Simao Basin in Yunnan,China has an great significance not only in explaining the basin evolution and the genesis of potash 相似文献
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正Potash is one of the long-term scare deposits in China,and potash prospecting has long been listed as a key brainstorm project for our nation and geological prospecting units.There have been considerable studies in search for potash deposits in the Kuqa depression of the Tarim basin(Jackson et al.,1991;Gemmer et al.,2004;Vendeville,2005;Vendeville and Jackson,1992a,1992b), 相似文献
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正1 Introduction Qaidam Basin in Qinghai,including 43 salt lakes with multiple dominant mineral such as potassium,magnesium,lithium etc.,is the most intensive distribution of Saline 相似文献