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石榴石辉石岩的单斜辉石中韭闪石和钛铁矿出溶结构及地质意义 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
本文首次报道了在苏鲁超高压变质带胡家岭地区石榴石辉石岩中发现的韭闪石出溶结构。该石榴石辉石岩是由石榴子石、单斜辉石以及镁铝尖晶石、钛铁矿和磁铁矿组成。在石榴子石巨斑晶中有单斜辉石包体，单斜辉石包体中又有石榴子石包体以及大量韭闪石出溶片晶和钛铁矿( 磁铁矿)出溶棒。单斜辉石中韭闪石出溶片晶呈平行条带状，其宽度在1～10μm之间。透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察韭闪石的(010)面平行于主晶透辉石的(010)面，且两者的界面在纳米尺度上是连续过渡的，证明韭闪石是出溶形成的。大量钛铁矿出溶棒的定向排列也显示出它们是自然出溶形成的。从单斜辉石出溶的矿物组合推测其原始单斜辉石成分中应富含H2O、Na和Ti，属高压型单斜辉石。该石榴石辉石岩经历了超高压变质作用后，在抬升减压过程中形成这些出溶结构。大量钛铁矿出溶棒均斜切韭闪石出溶片晶，表明该超高压岩石在减压过程中至少经历了两期以上导致温压明显变化的地质事件。 相似文献
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徐州-宿州地区榴辉岩类捕虏体中角闪石的结构、矿物化学及成因意义 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
徐州-宿州地区中生代闪长质岩石中存在丰富的榴辉岩类捕虏体。对该类捕虏体的岩相学和矿物化学研究表明，其中的角闪石具有4种产状：1）位于石榴石中的早期角闪石包裹体，为镁质普通角闪石；2）与榴辉岩中矿物平衡存在的原生角闪石，为韭闪石或韭闪石质普通角闪石；3）位于石榴石和单斜辉石周边的退变角闪石，主要为浅闪石质和阳起石质普通角闪石；4）沿单斜辉石解理分布的出溶角闪石，主要为浅闪石、浅闪石质角闪石和含亚铁韭闪石质普通角闪石。不同产状角闪石矿物化学成分的差异和温压估算结果显示，榴辉岩类捕虏体经历了一个顺时针的P—T演化轨迹，进而反映了中生代早期华北克拉通东部造山作用的存在。 相似文献
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V／Sc在CCSD主孔榴辉岩中的系统关系：一种可透视变质作用并指示基性岩浆作用的地球化学工具 总被引：1，自引：7，他引：1
和Fe一样，V和Sc都是过渡族金属元素，它们在地幔部分熔融和岩浆分异中的地球化学行为是近年来行星地质和岩石地球化学的研究热点之一。通过分析V和Sc在部分熔融和岩浆分异过程中的地球化学行为，发现V／Sc是可以透视岩浆成岩后所经历的变质、交代或流体作用的新的地球化学工具。本文通过系统分析中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔100～600米榴辉岩，尤其是540～600米钛铁矿一赤铁矿榴辉岩的V／Sc比值的变化特征，来进一步限定榴辉岩原岩可能的成岩过程。在CCSD主孔岩心中，和100～540m榴辉岩相比，540～600m段榴辉岩表现出以下十分特别的地球化学特征：（1）相当高的V，但十分低的Nb和Ta；（2）较高的TFeO，Fe2O3／FeO比值，高度变化且较高的Eu正异常（Eu／Eu^＋高达2.9）；（3）异常高的V／Sc比值（8．39～43．23，平均15．07），V／Sc比值和MgO之间呈负相关关系，但和Fe2O3／FeO之间呈正相关关系；（4）近乎正相同步变化的V和Fe2O3/、／FeO，但反相变化的V和Eu／Eu^＋。这些地球化学特征反映了原岩形成过程中，高度动态的斜长石分离结晶作用与岩浆氧逸度之间的负耦合关系，即在原始基性岩浆中，斜长石的分离结晶作用导致岩浆氧逸度升高，诱发钛磁铁矿和斜长石及单斜辉石的同步分离结晶作用，优先猎取大量的V和Fe，Sc主要分布在单斜辉石，导致所成堆晶的V和Fe含量升高及高度变化且增高的V／Sc比值，同时MgO，SiO2相对降低。这种过程导致上述的V和Fe2O3／FeO之间近乎同相变化关系．但反相变化的V和Eu／Eu^＋。CCSD主孔100～600m榴辉岩的V／Sc和MgO系统关系实际上透视了上述的过程，即除橄榄石堆晶作用外，含钛铁矿物相的分离结晶作用对形成的堆晶及相应岩浆的V、Sc和V／Sc比值的强烈控制作用。CCSD及区域地质所揭示的南北长约2000m，宽约500m的反S型、层序较完整的基性-超基性杂岩体所经历的岩浆过程有可能代表着大别-苏鲁超高压带中榴辉岩原岩经历了类似的过程。通过对较大规模榴辉岩及其伴生的超基性岩的V、Sc和V／Sc系统关系的系统研究可能进一步揭示更多类似的基性-超基性杂岩体，为厘定大别-苏鲁超高压带的碰撞前的物理和化学状态提供更好的限定。 相似文献
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辽宁榴辉岩包体的石榴石中金云母出溶片晶的发现 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在辽宁复县50号金伯利岩岩筒中,发现了罕见的榴辉岩包体,在该包体的主要组成矿物石榴石中发现了金云母出溶片晶。通过显微镜、透射电镜及其能谱观察分析测定与研究,确认该片晶为金云母。金云母无色,断面呈针状,一般宽0.5—5μm,长10—100μm;但宽0.05—0.1μm,长1—2μm的细小片晶也较发育。金云母片晶沿石榴石[111]晶带大致呈夹角为60°—70°的三组定向排列,表明它是由于榴辉岩从地幔深处上升到较浅部时释压作用从石榴石中出溶的产物。世界各地金伯利岩中榴辉岩包体的石榴石、辉石中微小针状出溶矿物(或包裹体)普遍存在,据文献报道,已经鉴定的出溶物有辉石和金红石。迄今为止,金云母出溶片晶的发现尚属首次。 相似文献
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中国大陆科学钻探主孔榴辉岩中石榴石和绿辉石原位激光探针分析及其成岩成矿指示意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以中国大陆科学钻探主孔0～2000m岩芯中的榴辉岩为对象,运用EMPA和LA-ICP-MS技术,系统测定了榴辉岩中石榴石和绿辉石的主量与微量元素组成,并据此讨论了它们的成岩成矿意义.研究结果表明,CCSD主孔榴辉岩中石榴石富重稀土和Sc、Y、Co,而绿辉石则富中稀土和Pb、Sr、V,石榴石和绿辉石的高场强元素(特别是Nb、Ta)含量均很低.石榴石存在不同程度的Ce负异常,指示榴辉岩的形成过程中卷入有地表氧化条件下形成的风化沉积物.石榴石具有低的Zr/Y比值,绿辉石普遍具有高的Sr含量,这些特征说明榴辉岩(特别是高钛榴辉岩)的原岩可能为遭受过壳源物质混染与交代的富集地幔部分熔融的产物.高钛与低钛榴辉岩中石榴石和绿辉石在主量及微量元素组成上存在一定差别,总体而言,高钛榴辉岩中石榴石具高的MgO含量和较高的MgO/TFeO比值,以及较高的稀土和Sc含量,而绿辉石则相对富TFeO、MnO,并具有较高的Sr、Zr、Hf含量.高钛榴辉岩中石榴石和绿辉石常出现不同程度的Eu正异常,Cr含量均显著低于低钛榴辉岩.综合分析表明,高钛榴辉岩的原岩最可能为富斜长石的辉长质侵入岩,原岩组成的差异应是导致二类榴辉岩中石榴石和绿辉石矿物化学组成存在差异的主要原因. 相似文献
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中国大陆科学钻探(CCSD) 主孔中318~380m (A)、420~470m (B) 和530~600m (C) 深度分布三段高铁钛榴辉岩, 它们具有高全铁(FeOT) (平均15.36%、14.09%和20.83%)、高TiO2 (平均3.89%、3.28%和4.10%) 和低SiO2 (平均44.64%、48.64%和41.10%) 含量分布特征.岩石磁性测量结果表明, A段样品为低磁化率(平均3.61×10-7m3·kg-1)、低天然剩余磁化强度(平均0.12×10-3Am2·kg-1) 和低Q值(平均8.03);B段样品为高磁化率(平均12.55×10-7m3·kg-1) 和中等天然剩余磁化强度(平均1.47×10-3Am2·kg-1) 及Q值(平均26.42);C段样品磁化率介于A、B段之间(平均9.73×10-7m3·kg-1), 而天然剩余磁化强度(平均10.05×10-3Am2·kg-1) 和Q值(平均138.571) 最大.岩石磁学和岩相学研究表明, A、B两段样品代表了新鲜或轻度退变质榴辉岩的磁性特征, 但就研究的代表性样品的磁性岩石学特征而言, B段样品显示的退变质程度稍高于A段; C段榴辉岩样品密度最大, 主要为新鲜榴辉岩, 氧逸度明显高于A、B两段样品, 且存在大量出溶过程形成的以薄层结构为标志特征的赤铁矿-钛铁矿固溶体, 可能是样品高天然剩磁的主要原因. 相似文献
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徐淮地区镁铁质岩石捕虏体单斜辉石中石榴石和石英的出溶 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
徐淮地区早侏罗世侵入杂岩中榴辉岩、石榴辉石岩和单斜辉石岩捕虏体单斜辉石中可以观察到丰富的出溶石英针和石榴石、黝帘石及角闪石的出溶叶片。榴辉岩中出溶石英针的绿辉石核部比其边部相对富含FeO和MgO ,贫SiO2 、Al2 O3 和CaO。在石榴辉石岩和单斜辉石岩捕虏体中具有出溶石榴石的单斜辉石 ,从靠近出溶石榴石的一侧向其核部 ,Al2 O3 、Na2 O和TiO2 含量降低 ,MgO、SiO2 和CaO含量增加。单斜辉石中定向石英针的出溶表明曾经存在有超高压条件下 (≥2 5× 10 8Pa)稳定的过硅质绿辉石。单斜辉石中出溶石榴石表明温压条件的降低可能是引起出溶的一个主要原因。捕虏体中的矿物组合和岩相学特征表明它们曾经遭受了榴辉岩相和角闪岩相退化变质作用 ,这与因压力和温度降低引起矿物出溶的结果相吻合。 相似文献
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Exsolution lamellae of garnet in clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene porphyroclasts from garnet pyroxenites in the Moldanubian zone were studied to elucidate the pressure–temperature conditions of the exsolution process and to reconstruct the burial and exhumation path of ultramafic rocks in the Variscan orogen. The porphyroclasts occur in a fine-grained matrix with metamorphic fabrics, which consists of clinopyroxene and small amounts of garnet, orthopyroxene and amphibole. The clinopyroxene porphyroclasts contain garnet + orthopyroxene lamellae as well as ilmenite rods that have orientation parallel to (100) planes of the porphyroclasts. Orthopyroxene porphyroclasts host garnet and clinopyroxene lamellae, which show the same lattice preferred orientation. In both cases, lamellar orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and garnet were partially replaced by secondary amphibole. Composition of exsolution phases and that of host pyroxene were reintegrated according to measured modal proportions and demonstrate that the primary pyroxene was enriched in Al and contained 8–11 mol.% Tschermak components. Conventional thermobarometry and thermodynamic modelling on the reintegrated pyroxene indicate that primary clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene megacrysts crystallized at 1300–1400 °C and 2.2–2.5 GPa. Unmixing and exsolution of garnet and a second pyroxene phase occurred in response to cooling and pressure increase before the peak pressure of 4.5–5.0 GPa was reached at ∼1100 °C. This scenario is consistent with a burial of hot upper-mantle ultramafics into a cold subcratonic environment and subsequent exhumation through 900 °C and 2.2–3.3 GPa, when the pyroxenites would have partially recrystallized during tectonic incorporation into eclogites and felsic granulites. 相似文献
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大陆岩石圈深俯冲作用是地球科学领域的前沿热点,榴辉岩的折返机制是板块构造及动力学的关键科学问题。全球著名的大陆造山带中榴辉岩的p-T轨迹呈现差异性折返特征,为了揭示榴辉岩的折返机制,本文结合变质岩石学和地球物理学研究,选取3个典型大陆造山带——中生代—新生代的阿尔卑斯造山带、中生代的苏鲁—大别造山带和新生代的喜马拉雅造山带中的榴辉岩进行阐述。在阿尔卑斯造山带地区,地球物理研究结果发现,欧洲板块的俯冲造成了Adria地区下方的岩石圈存在明显厚度差异。同时,阿尔卑斯造山带Doria Maria和Pohorje地区以及Pohorje地区内部,榴辉岩折返历史也不尽相同,原因可能是亚德里亚大洋岩石圈断离后不同期次的逆冲推覆作用使其差异性斜向挤出。苏鲁—大别造山带中榴辉岩的快速折返,原因可能是华南板块与华北板块碰撞后岩石圈的拆沉或断离作用。在喜马拉雅造山带,西构造结和中喜马拉雅榴辉岩的折返存在差异性。在西构造结,那让和卡甘榴辉岩呈现不同的p-T轨迹和折返速率,变质岩石学和地球物理研究结果都表明它们的差异性折返很可能与印度-欧亚大陆碰撞过程中的构造挤压作用以及印度大陆岩石圈的断离作用有关。喜马拉雅造山带是年轻的正在进行造山活动的造山带,相较于古老的苏鲁-大别造山带,它更适合变质岩石学和地球物理学的综合研究。因此西构造结高压/超高压榴辉岩的折返机制——构造挤压和俯冲板块断离可应用于全球造山带。 相似文献
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LiuYican LiShuguang XuShutong ChenGuanbao 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2004,15(4):349-354
The ultrahigh-pressure eclogites from the northern Dabie Mountains in central China occurred as tectonic lens or blocks within granitic gneisses or meta-peridotites. Petrologic studies suggest that the studied eclogites experienced strongly retrogressive metamorphism and produced a series of characteristic retrogressive microstructures. The retrograde structures mainly include: (1) oriented needle mineral exsolution, e. g. , quartz needles in Na-clinopyroxene and rotile, clinopyroxene and apatite exsolution in garnet formed under decreasing pressure conditions during exhumation; (2) symplectite, especially, two generations of symplectites developed outside the garnet grains, which are called ““double symplectite““ here; (3) compositional zoning of minerals such as garnet and clinopyroxene; (4) minerals with a reaction rim or retrograde rim, e.g. , omphacite with a diopside rim, diopside with an amphibole rim and rutile with a rim of ilmenite. These retrograde textures, especially mineral zoning and symplectite, provide important petrologic evidence for the exhumation process and uplift of high-grade metamorphic rocks such as eclogite in the northern Dabie Mountains, indicating a rapid exhumation process. 相似文献
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This paper summarizes the data on oriented intergrowths of minerals in pegmatites of the Il’meny Mountains. Two-feldspar, two-mica, biotite-amphibole, biotite-pyroxene, and pyroxene-amphibole intergrowths have been revealed in syenitic and miaskitic pegmatites. The orientation of exsolution products has been studied in sunstone (aventurine) and moonstone feldspars, nepheline, and cancrinite. Corundum-biotite-feldspar and two-mica intergrowths and exsolution lamellae occur in stellate corundum from corundum-feldspar veins. Syntactic intergrowths of various amphiboles and chlorites have been detected in pegmatoid ultramafic rocks. Regular quartz-feldspar (graphic) and two-feldspar intergrowths are typical of granitic pegmatites. Two-mica, columbite-samarskite, columbite-ilmenorutile, zircon-xenotime, cassiterite-ilmenorutile, cassiterite-ixiolite, cassiterite-tantalite, tantalite-stibiotantalite, fergusonite-columbite, pyrochlore-fergusonite, and beryl-cordierite intergrowths have been found in granitic pegmatites as well. New intergrowth laws have been established for many pairs of minerals. 相似文献
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Metamorphic garnet pyroxenite from the 540-600 m main borehole of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling (CCSD) project 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Compared to other mafic and ultramafic rocks from the CCSD main borehole as well as from the outcrops, rocks from the 540-600 m section is extraordinary in terms of its geophysical as well as geochemical properties. It consists of > 70% hematite-ilmenite garnet pyroxenite (HI-GPX) and < 30% intercalated rutile garnet pyroxenite (R-GPX). Whole-rock geochemical data show that HI-GPXs have: (1) relatively high V with an average of 606 ppm, but lower Nb and Ta; (2) highest TFeO, Fe2O3/FeO ratio, and highly variable but strong positive Eu anomalies with Eu/Eu? up to 2.9; (3) anomalously high V/Sc ratios ranging from 8.39 to 43.23, average 15.03; and (4) high amounts of hematite-ilmenite solid solutions with a very fine intergrowth structure down to nanometer scale. V/Sc ratios in the CCSD garnet pyroxenites are correlated negatively with MgO, but positively with Fe2O3/FeO ratios. Both suites of pyroxenites have similar rare earth elements and high field strength elements geochemistry. These features demonstrate that these pyroxenites were formed from metamorphism of high-Fe and/or -Ti gabbroic cumulates. This can account not only for low high field strength elements (HFSE) and rare earth elements (REE) but also low Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf ratios in these rocks. Seemingly negative correlation between Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf in the CCSD metabasites, not significantly affected by UHP metamorphism, is also consistent with the silicate differentiation trend in a basaltic magma chamber. 相似文献
16.
北大别经历了三叠纪高温超高压变质作用和多阶段折返历史,因而榴辉岩中广泛发育多期减压结构,极少保留早期的超高压变质记录,这为它们不同变质阶段的温度条件估算带来了巨大困难。然而,目前流行的微量元素温度计为北大别榴辉岩的峰期及之后的退变质阶段温度的确定提供了可能性。根据锆石中Ti和金红石中Zr温度计,结合传统矿物对温度计的计算数据,获得了北大别榴辉岩中多阶段高温（>900 ℃）条件的数据,证明研究区经历了从超高压榴辉岩相→石英榴辉岩相→高压麻粒岩相阶段的高温变质过程。并且,北大别经历了折返初期（207±4 Ma）的减压熔融和碰撞后燕山期（约130 Ma）的加热熔融作用。长时间的高温变质作用与多期部分熔融也许正是北大别长期难以发现柯石英和有关超高压变质证据等的重要原因。因此,这些成果有助于甄别北大别的岩石成因和演化过程以及大别山多岩片差异折返模型的建立和完善。 相似文献
17.
Abdel-Aal M. Abdel-Karim Waheed I. Elwan Hassan Helmy Shymaa A. El-Shafey 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(2):693-709
Spinels, Fe–Ti oxide minerals, apatites, and carbonates hosted in ophiolitic serpentinites and metagabbros of Gabal Garf (southern ED) and Wadi Hammariya (central ED) of Egypt are discussed. Microscopic and electron probe studies on these minerals are made to evaluate their textural and compositional variations. Alteration of chromites led to form ferritchromite and magnetite; rutile–magnetite intergrowths and martite are common in serpentinites. Fine trillis exsolution of ilmenite–magnetite and ilmenite–hematite and intergrowth of rutile–magnetite and ilmenite–sphene are recorded. Composite intergrowth grains of titanomagnetite–ilmenite trellis lamellae are common in metagabbros. The formation of ilmenite trellis and lamellae in magnetite and titanomagnetite indicate an oxidation process due to excess of oxygen contained in titanomagnetite; trapped and external oxidizing agents. This indicates the high P H2O and oxygen fugacity of the parental magma. The sulfides minerals include pyrrhotite, pyrite and chalcopyrite. Based on the chemical characteristics, the Fe–Ti oxide from the ophiolitic metagabbros in both areas corresponds to ilmenite. The patites from the metagabbros are identified as fluor-apatite. Carbonates are represented by dolomites in serpentinites and calcite in metagabbros. Spinel crystals in serpentinites are homogenous or zoned with unaltered cores of Al-spinel to ferritchromit and Cr-magnetite toward the altered rims. Compared to cores, the metamorphic rims are enriched in Cr# (0.87–1.00 vs. 0.83–0.86 for rims and cores, respectively) and impoverished in Mg# (0.26–0.48 vs. 0.56–0.67) due to Mg–Fe and Al (Cr)–Fe3+ exchange with the surrounding silicates during regional metamorphism rather than serpentinization process. The Fe–Ti oxides have been formed under temperature of ~800 °C for ilmenite. Al-spinels equilibrated below 500–550 °C, while the altered spinel rims correspond to metamorphism around 500–600 °C. Geochemical evidence of the podiform Al-spinels suggest a greenschist up to lower amphibolite facies metamorphism (at 500–600 °C), which is isofacial with the host rocks. Al-spinel cores do not appear to have re-equilibrated completely with the metamorphic spinel rims and surrounding silicates, suggesting relic magmatic composition unaffected by metamorphism. The composition of Al-spinel grains suggest an ophiolitic origin and derivation by crystallization of boninitic magma that belonging to a supra-subduction setting could form either in forearcs during an incipient stage of subduction initiation or in back-arc basins. 相似文献
18.
Retrograde metamorphism played the dominant role in changing the low-field rock magnetic properties and density of 198 specimens of variably retrograded eclogites from the main borehole of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project (CCSD) and from surface outcrops in the Donghai area in the southern part of the Sulu UHP belt, China. Bulk magnetic susceptibility (κ) of unretrogressed UHP eclogite is controlled by whole-rock chemical composition and ranges from 397 to 2312 μSI with principal magnetic susceptibility carrying minerals paramagnetic garnet, omphacite, rutile and phengite. Partially retrograded eclogites show large variations in magnetic susceptibility between 804 and 24,277 μSI, with high mean magnetic susceptibility values of 4372 ± 4149 μSI caused by appreciable amounts of Fe-Ti oxide minerals such as magnetite, ilmenite and/or titanohematite produced by retrograde metamorphic reactions. Completely retrograded eclogites have lower susceptibilities of 1094 ± 600 μSI and amphibolite facies mineral assemblages lacking high magnetic susceptibility minerals. Jelínek's corrected anisotropy (Pj) of eclogites ranges from 1.001 to 1.540, and shows a positive correlation with low-field magnetic susceptibility (κ). Arithmetic mean bulk density (ρ) shows a steady decrease from 3.54 ± 0.11 g/cm3 (fresh eclogite) to 2.98 ± 0.06 g/cm3 (completely retrograded eclogite). Retrograde metamorphic changes in mineral composition during exhumation appear to be the major factor causing variations in low field magnetic susceptibility and anisotropy. Retrograde processes must be taken into account when interpreting magnetic surveys and geophysical well logs in UHP metamorphic terranes, and petrophysical properties such as density and low-field magnetic susceptibility could provide a means for semi-quantifying the degree of retrogression of eclogite during exhumation. 相似文献
19.
Summary Titanium placer deposits occur in alluvial-fluvial drainage systems which dissect Moldanubian gneisses intruded by Late Variscan
pegmatites (Hagendorf province) in southern Germany. Based upon their texture (zonation, exsolution lamellae, intergrowth),
microchemical data (Nb, Cr, Ta, V, Fe, W, Sn) and mineral inclusions, two major grain types of intergrown rutile and ilmenite
have been established. Grains of type A are always zoned and consist of rutile cores enveloped by ilmenite containing small
inclusions of wolframite. A core-rim transition zone is characterized by complex relations of rutile and ilmenite, with rutile
lamellae being rich in Nb, V and Fe. Types B1 and B2 aggregates consist of ilmenite with lamellae of niobian rutile and/or
ilmenorutile, and additionally have inclusions of ferrocolumbite, pyrochlore, betafite, sphalerite, pyrrhotite and Fe oxides.
Such grain types featuring an intimate intergrowth of rutile and ilmenite were called nigrine. Type-C grains are quite similar
in their morphological appearance but consist of W-enriched rutile devoid of mineral inclusions and reaction products. Pseudorutile
and leucoxene replacing minerals of the nigrine aggregates are presumably caused by supergene alteration under fluctuating
redox conditions. Phosphate and aluminum remobilized by supergene processes led to the formation of hydrous Ti-rich phases
containing Al, P and Fe. High Nb and W concentrations in nigrine aggregates and in rutile type C may be taken as a marker
for highly differentiated granites or pegmatites. This has implications for both, heavy-mineral-based provenance analysis
and stream sediment exploration. 相似文献