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1.
基于熵权与GIS耦合的DRASTIC地下水脆弱性模糊优选评价 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
地下水脆弱性评价与编图是保护地下水环境工作的基础,DRASTIC模型是目前国际上最普遍应用的地下水脆弱性评价方法。在利用GIS进行地下水脆弱性评价的基础上,引进基于熵权的模糊优选评价方法,构建了基于熵权与GIS耦合的DRASTIC地下水脆弱性模糊优选评价模型。将该模型应用于黄水河流域,计算出了各评价参数的熵权和各叠加分区基于熵权的隶属度,据此将地下水脆弱性划分为高、中、低3个等级。结果表明,评价过程中避免了人为因素的干扰,更能真实地反映客观情况,为地下水脆弱性的评价提供新的思路和方法。 相似文献
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Aquifer vulnerability assessment techniques have been developed to predict which areas are more likely than others to become
contaminated as a result of activities at or near the land surface. This research focuses on the evaluation of groundwater
vulnerability to pollution in an urban area. Among several assessment methods, DRASTIC has been selected for this study. ArcGIS
has been used to overlay and calculate different layers and obtain the vulnerability map. In order to show the importance
of fuzzy algorithms in classification, both Boolean and fuzzy algorithms were used and compared. The fuzzy algorithm could
recognize the areas with low and negligible vulnerability potentials whereas the Boolean model classified them as moderate.
Two sensitivity tests, the map removal sensitivity analyses and single-parameter sensitivity analysis, were performed to show
the importance of each parameter in the index calculation. 相似文献
3.
区域地下水系统防污性能评价,面临影响因子多又复杂、评价指标难以客观性选定和权重不易确定等难题,以至严重影响评价结果的可信性。本文以鲁北平原为例,在以往地下水脆弱性评价常用的DRASTIC模型基础上,采用创新的迭置指数方法,改进为"DRITCS法",选择地下水位埋深、包气带综合岩性、地表2 m内单层厚度大于0.5 m的粘土层厚、含水砂层厚度及其渗透系数、和地下水净补给量等因子,组成区域地下水系统防污性能评价模型。合理地确定了区域地下水系统防污性能评价中关键指标——包气带粘性土层变化影响,并在鲁北平原示范性应用和通过以面源污染为主的三氮污染现状验证的结果表明:本文提出的方法能够客观地反映流域性相变造成的地下水系统防污性能空间差异性和区位分布特征,具有较强的实用性。 相似文献
4.
介绍了基于MapGIS开发的地下水易污性DRAMTICH评价系统,说明地下水易污性评价软件(GW-VAS)的基本框架、主要功能、组成部分、系统特点以及使用方法。该系统还对DRASTIC等其它常见的地下水易污性评价方法进行了综合集成,克服了单一方法缺乏对比性的不足,提高了评价结果的客观性、科学性和实用性。并将该方法应用于黄水河流域,利用传统的权重评分法和本文开发的方法进行了对比,结果表明,系统通用性好,方法实用性强。 更多还原 相似文献
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Groundwater vulnerability is a cornerstone in evaluating the risk of groundwater contamination and developing management options
to preserve the quality of groundwater. Based on the professional model (DRASTIC model) and geographical information system
(GIS) techniques, this paper carries out the shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment in the Zhangye Basin. The DRASTIC
model uses seven environmental parameters (depth to water, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of
vadose zone, and hydraulic conductivity) to characterize the hydrogeological setting and evaluate aquifer vulnerability. According
to the results of the shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment, the Zhangye Basin can be divided into three zones: low
groundwater vulnerability risk zone (risk index <120); middle groundwater vulnerability risk zone (risk indexes 120–140) and
high risk zone (risk index >140). Under the natural conditions, the middle and high groundwater vulnerability risk zones of
the Zhangye Basin are mainly located in the groundwater recharge zones and the important cities. The high, middle and low
groundwater vulnerability risk zones of the Zhangye Basin cover around 17, 21 and 62% of study area, respectively. 相似文献
8.
Assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution: a combination of GIS, fuzzy logic and decision making techniques 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Alexandra Gemitzi Christos Petalas Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis Vassilios Pisinaras 《Environmental Geology》2006,49(5):653-673
The assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution aims at highlighting areas at a high risk of being polluted. This
study presents a methodology, to estimate the risk of an aquifer to be polluted from concentrated and/or dispersed sources,
which applies an overlay and index method involving several parameters. The parameters are categorized into three factor groups:
factor group 1 includes parameters relevant to the internal aquifer system’s properties, thus determining the intrinsic aquifer
vulnerability to pollution; factor group 2 comprises parameters relevant to the external stresses to the system, such as human
activities and rainfall effects; factor group 3 incorporates specific geological settings, such as the presence of geothermal
fields or salt intrusion zones, into the computation process. Geographical information systems have been used for data acquisition
and processing, coupled with a multicriteria evaluation technique enhanced with fuzzy factor standardization. Moreover, besides
assigning weights to factors, a second set of weights, i.e., order weights, has been applied to factors on a pixel by pixel
basis, thus allowing control of the level of risk in the vulnerability determination and the enhancement of local site characteristics.
Individual analysis of each factor group resulted in three intermediate groundwater vulnerability to pollution maps, which
were combined in order to produce the final composite groundwater vulnerability map for the study area. The method has been
applied in the region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace (Northern Greece), an area of approximately 14,000 km2. The methodology has been tested and calibrated against the measured nitrate concentration in wells, in the northwest part
of the study area, providing results related to the aggregation and weighting procedure. 相似文献
9.
Intrinsic vulnerability assessment of Saturnia thermal aquifer by means of three parametric methods: SINTACS,GODS and COP 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Enrico Guastaldi Luca Graziano Giovanni Liali Fabio Nunzio Antonio Brogna Alessio Barbagli 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(8):2861-2878
Three different parametric methods for the evaluation of intrinsic vulnerability to pollution have been applied in a hydrothermal carbonate aquifer located in central-northern Italy and the results obtained were compared with each other. The study area, large, approximately 152 km2, lies in an area of the northern Apennines. The investigated aquifer feeds the hot thermal springs of Saturnia. The vulnerability assessment methods used are: SINTACS, GODS and COP. The vulnerability maps obtained were first individually examined, and then they were compared with each other by means of spatial analysis. These maps show similar results for the estimation of the vulnerability just in some areas. SINTACS yields areas potentially vulnerable to pollution along the Albegna River and its major tributaries in the northern part of the study area. The GODS index map reflects the great importance that this method gives to the lithological characteristics of the unsaturated zone in the subdivision of areas with different vulnerability. GODS and COP methods agree in classifying low vulnerability in the most part of central-southern study area, where the aquifer is confined by the Pliocene clay deposits. Based on the conceptual model of groundwater flow developed for the aquifer under investigation, COP seems the most appropriate method among those applied in this work, in particular with regard to the assessment of the vulnerability of the recharge area of thermal groundwater. Located in the northern part of the study area, where karst carbonate formations of the Tuscan Nappe outcrop, this recharge area is classified by the COP method as highly vulnerable to pollution. 相似文献
10.
为评价区块尺度页岩气开采过程中深部污染物对上部含水层的污染风险,基于“源-途径-驱动力-受体”概念模型,采用层次分析法构建了页岩气开采对地下水影响的深部脆弱性评价指标体系.利用该体系对贵州省某页岩气开采区块进行了评价,结果表明:评价区地下水深部脆弱性以低和较低为主,两者面积占研究区总面积的69.15%,主要分布于研究区西北部、中部及东南部,中间层厚度是影响评价结果的主要指标.该评价体系能够评估页岩气开采区地下水深部脆弱性,丰富了现有地下水脆弱性评价体系,可为区块内页岩气井的布设选址及地下水环境保护提供技术支撑. 相似文献