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1.
剑桥模型只适用于正常固结软黏土,不能描述不等向固结土的应力-应变行为的各向异性特性。基于剑桥模型,在其椭圆屈服面中引入各向异性张量和一个形状参数,建立了一个各向异性屈服面,提出了一个适用于等向和不等向固结软黏土的本构模型。各向异性张量的初始值由初始固结应力状态确定,其演化过程由一个与塑性剪应变和塑性体应变都有关的硬化法则描述。形状参数的引入保证了各向异性屈服面的灵活性和适应性。通过对Boston Blue黏土、高岭土和Otaniemi黏土的三轴试验结果的模拟,验证了模型的模拟能力。 相似文献
2.
天然土体经历开挖卸荷应力路径后,其应力变形特性与常规加载应力路径条件下规律存在较大差异。目前常用土体本构模型大多建立在等向固结单向加载三轴试验基础上,没有考虑初始K0固结和开挖卸荷应力路径的影响。以剑桥模型为基础,借鉴关口-太田模型的建模思想,通过引入新的应力比参数,对p-q平面上屈服轨迹硬化轴进行旋转,调整弹性区范围,以反映初始K0固结的影响;再运用变换应力法将模型三维化处理,从而使模型可以描述土体三向不等向应力状态,最终得到一个能综合反映土体K0固结开挖卸荷应力-应变特性的三维弹塑性本构模型。通过和典型室内应力路径试验结果进行对比,验证了模型的合理性。 相似文献
3.
常规剑桥模型和修正剑桥模型是以正常固结和弱超固结土的三轴试验现象为基础建立起来的,且试样的初始应力状态为各向等压的球应力状态,将模型应用于K0固结状态的原状土必然引起不可忽略的系统误差。基于原状土K0固结线与等倾线之间的关系,在常规剑桥模型的基础上推导并得到了基于K0线的原状土剑桥模型和修正剑桥模型。在主应力空间中,该模型以K0固结线而不是以等倾线为轴线,因而能反映原状土的结构性和各向异性。既有试验数据的验证表明,与常规剑桥模型和修正剑桥模型相比,该模型能更合理的描述原状土的屈服和强度特性。 相似文献
4.
通过GDS三轴试验系统对K0固结原状南阳膨胀土原状样进行了不同卸荷速率和卸荷路径下的不排水三轴剪切试验,在试验资料的基础上,建立了K0固结膨胀土的初始切线模量Ei和极限偏应力qult与固结应力及卸荷速率的关系式。发现,K0固结膨胀土在卸荷剪切过程中的应力-应变关系曲线呈典型双曲线特征;膨胀土的不排水剪切强度随轴向固结应力及卸荷速率的增加而单调增加;Ei及qult随固结应力及卸荷速率的变化规律与强度基本类似,但Ei随固结应力的增加呈指数增加,而qult则表现为线性增加。通过改进邓肯-张双曲线表达式,建立了K0固结膨胀土下不同卸荷速率时应力-应变关系的预测公式,并进行了模型验证。 相似文献
5.
原状土与重塑土力学性质方面的差异性,来源于两者初始应力状态的不同及由此引起的结构性差异。重塑土的屈服曲面以等倾线为基线,原状土由于在形成过程中处于三向不等压状态,故其屈服曲面应以K0固结线(初始应力线)为基线。基于松冈-中井的空间滑动面屈服准则,在考虑初始K0固结状态的基础上给出了适用于原状土的修正SMP屈服准则。修正SMP屈服面由常规SMP屈服面绕位于σ2Oσ3平面上的直线σ2=-σ3旋转得到,旋转的角度等于等倾线与K0固结线之间的夹角。与在子午面和π平面上研究重塑土的屈服行为类似,研究原状土的屈服应该在通过K0固结线的子午面和通过σ1+K0σ2+K0σ3=c的χ平面上进行。针对砂雨法试样的真三轴实验结果计算表明,与常规SMP屈服准则相比,基于K0固结线的修正SMP屈服准则更适合描述自然沉积土的强度和屈服特征。 相似文献
6.
土体结构性的数学模型是21世纪土力学的核心问题。由于土体微观结构的变化造成了重塑土与原状土的力学特性上的差异。采用应变型和应力型结构性宏观参数来表征这种微观结构的变化,同时将应变性结构性参数引入到等向固结过程中去,用以描述常规三轴试验中剪切前的等向固结过程以及剪切时球应力对结构性土体的影响。实现应变型和应力型结构性宏观参数对整个三轴剪切过程的描述。修正剑桥模型对正常固结重塑黏土的三轴压缩试验能做出准确地描述,但对超固结黏土及原状土,即具有结构地土体,则不能给出准确地描述。将应变型和应力型结构性宏观参数引入到修正剑桥模型中,实现修正剑桥模型的结构化。该结构性修正剑桥模型参数的确定方法与常规修正剑桥模型参数的确定方法相差不多,只不过多了球应力与土体结构性体应变的关系式、偏应力与土体结构性广义剪应变的关系式。经过数值模拟比较,结构性修正的剑桥模型能较好地反映原状土的结构性演化过程,能描述原状土结构的整个破坏过程,在多种应力路径下具有很好的预测作用。 相似文献
7.
《岩土力学》2020,(4)
通过GDS三轴试验系统对K_0固结原状南阳膨胀土原状样进行了不同卸荷速率和卸荷路径下的不排水三轴剪切试验,在试验资料的基础上,建立了K_0固结膨胀土的初始切线模量E_i与极限偏应力q_(ult)与固结应力及卸荷速率的关系式。发现,K_0固结膨胀土在卸荷剪切过程中的应力-应变关系曲线呈典型双曲线特征;膨胀土的不排水剪切强度随轴向固结应力及卸荷速率的增加而单调增加;初始切线模量E_i及极限偏应力q_(ult)随固结应力及卸荷速率的变化规律与强度基本类似,但初始切线模量随固结应力的增加呈指数增加,而极限偏应力则表现为线性增加。通过改进邓肯-张双曲线表达式,建立了K_0固结膨胀土下不同卸荷速率时应力-应变关系的预测公式,并进行了模型验证。 相似文献
8.
《岩土力学》2021,(4)
通过GDS三轴试验系统对K_0固结原状南阳膨胀土原状样进行了不同卸荷速率和卸荷路径下的不排水三轴剪切试验,在试验资料的基础上,建立了K_0固结膨胀土的初始切线模量E_i与极限偏应力q_(ult)与固结应力及卸荷速率的关系式。发现,K_0固结膨胀土在卸荷剪切过程中的应力-应变关系曲线呈典型双曲线特征;膨胀土的不排水剪切强度随轴向固结应力及卸荷速率的增加而单调增加;初始切线模量E_i及极限偏应力q_(ult)随固结应力及卸荷速率的变化规律与强度基本类似,但初始切线模量随固结应力的增加呈指数增加,而极限偏应力则表现为线性增加。通过改进邓肯-张双曲线表达式,建立了K_0固结膨胀土下不同卸荷速率时应力-应变关系的预测公式,并进行了模型验证。 相似文献
9.
采用大三轴剪切仪对不同相对密度的双江口心墙坝覆盖层料,进行了K0固结及各向等压固结条件下的排水剪切试验,探讨了K0固结过程中粗粒土的变形特性。将K0固结与等压固结条件下的排水剪切试验的结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,K0固结加载阶段,平均主应力p与体应变? v之间、剪应力q剪应变? s之间的关系都可用幂函数形式表示。K0固结稳压阶段,? a-t关系呈指数关系。与等压固结试验相比,K0固结试样的排水剪强度略大。K0固结排水剪试验所得到的初始弹性模量Ei、初始泊松比vi均大于等压固结排水剪试验相同应力条件下的弹性模量、泊松比;且K0固结条件下试样的剪胀性也较为明显。 相似文献
10.
应力路径对软土应力-应变特性影响试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用应力-应变控制式三轴仪对福州市区某基坑影响范围内典型饱和软土进行了一系列应力路径试验,以研究受基坑开挖和支护结构作用影响的土体卸、加载应力-应变特征。对室内正常固结和相同围压K0固结的试样剪切试验结果进行了比较,表明二者在变形和强度上均存在较大差异。基于K0固结剪切试验结果,求出了邓肯-张模型参数,提出了该模型各参数的验证方法。同时,与室内正常固结试验确定的模型参数进行了对比,说明部分参数之间存在着较大差异,也决定了二者应力-应变关系上的差异,建议以K0固结试样进行三轴加、卸载试验确定邓肯-张模型参数,以满足该模型在基坑工程数值模拟分析中的需要。试验得到的典型软土的邓肯-张模型参数,可供福州市区或相似地层条件下基坑工程数值模拟时参考 相似文献
11.
The performance of several soil constitutive models was evaluated by comparing experimental results and simulated behavior of a medium plasticity clay. Input parameters for the soil constitutive models were obtained from triaxial compression and extension tests on normally and overconsolidated medium plasticity clay. The soil models employed for this study were the Cam Clay, Modified Cam Clay, 3-SKH, and S-CLAY1 models. In order to investigate the influence of some of the input parameters on the performance of the models, sensitivity analyses were also performed. The comparisons demonstrate that the Cam Clay model was able to predict the normally consolidated compressive behavior of medium plasticity clay. Both 3-SKH and Cam Clay models were able to produce acceptable predictions for stress?Cstrain and stress path behavior for overconsolidated compression of the soil. The 3-SKH model did not perform satisfactorily for predicting pore pressure variations, while the Cam Clay model demonstrated fairly acceptable predictions. For the normally consolidated reduced extension test, the Modified Cam Clay and S-CLAY1 models performed better than the Cam Clay and 3-SKH models in predicting the stress?Cstrain curve, pore pressure variations, and stress path. 相似文献
12.
水泥土搅拌桩施工扰动评价的一种方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
水泥土搅拌桩广泛应用于高速公路软土处理工程中,但是在工程实践中发现水泥土搅拌桩施工会对桩周土产生扰动使地基土强度降低从而导致路基路面产生开裂。水泥土搅拌桩这类非挤土桩其施工扰动方面研究比较少,为此展开水泥土搅拌桩施工对桩周土的扰动研究。围绕水泥土搅拌桩施工性状,采用圆孔扩张理论分析了施工过程中桩周土受力,采用Sekiguchi和Ohta（关口-太田）模型计算了桩周土体积应变,根据Hong和Onitsuka扰动度的定义得到了搅拌桩施工桩周土的扰动度变化。结果表明水泥土搅拌桩施工对桩周土的扰动随深度的增大和距桩边距离增大而减小,该分析结果与静力触探现场测试得到的锥尖阻力变化规律一致。 相似文献
13.
T.A. Newson 《Computers and Geotechnics》1998,23(4):277-287
A non-associated constitutive critical state model is proposed. The yield surface is that of Modified Cam Clay, whilst the plastic potential is an empirical function. The yield and plastic potential surfaces in the octahedral plane vary from circular at low stress ratios, to the Matsuoka-Nakai surface at failure. Assessment of the model has been by comparison with laboratory tests on soft clay. Further validation has been by predicting centrifuge model behaviour using a modified form of the CRISP finite element program. Comparisons of the numerical analyses, using the proposed model and Modified Cam Clay, show improved correlations with the experimental data. © 相似文献
14.
A hypoplastic constitutive model for clays 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
D. Ma&#x;ín 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2005,29(4):311-336
This paper presents a new constitutive model for clays. The model is developed on the basis of generalized hypoplasticity principles, which are combined with traditional critical state soil mechanics. The positions of the isotropic normal compression line and the critical state line correspond to the Modified Cam clay model, the Matsuoka–Nakai failure surface is taken as the limit stress criterion and the non‐linear behaviour of soils with different overconsolidation ratios is governed by the generalized hypoplastic formulation. The model requires five constitutive parameters, which correspond to the parameters of the Modified Cam clay model and are simple to calibrate on the basis of standard laboratory experiments. This makes the model particularly suitable for practical applications. The basic model may be simply enhanced by the intergranular strain concept, which allows reproducing the behaviour at very small strains. The model is evaluated on the basis of high quality laboratory experiments on reconstituted London clay. Contrary to a reference hypoplastic relation, the proposed model may be applied to highly overconsolidated clays. Improvement of predictions in the small strain range at different stress levels is also demonstrated. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
This paper presents a two-surface plasticity model for describing some important features of saturated clay under cyclic loading conditions, such as closed hysteresis loops, cyclic shakedown and degradation, and different stress–strain relations for two-way loading. The model, namely ACC-2-C, is based on the elastoplastic model ACC-2 (an adapted Modified Cam Clay model with two yield surfaces) developed by Hong et al. (Acta Geotech 11(4):871–885, 2015). The small-strain nonlinearity concept is adopted to achieve the nonlinear characteristics of clay during unloading–loading stage. The new hardening law related to accumulated deviatoric plastic strain is proposed for the inner surface to describe the cyclic shakedown and degradation. Following the advantages of the ACC-2 model, the constitutive equations are simply formulated based on the consistency condition for the inner yield surface. The model is conveniently implemented in a finite element code using a stress integration scheme similar to the Modified Cam Clay model. The simulation results are highly consistent with experimental data from drained and undrained isotropic cyclic triaxial tests in normally consolidated saturated clay under both one-way and two-way loadings.
相似文献16.
Suksun Horpibulsuk Martin D. Liu Deepa S. Liyanapathirana Jirayut Suebsuk 《Computers and Geotechnics》2010,37(1-2):1-9
In this paper, the mechanical properties of cemented clay are studied. The theoretical framework of the Structured Cam Clay (SCC) model is extended to describe the behaviour of cemented clay. The SCC model is modified to take into account special features of the behaviour of cemented clay. The widely used mean effective stress parameter is modified to include the influence of cementation on the strength and the plastic deformation of cemented clay. A new destructuring function is also suggested to represent the removal of the cementation structure, especially in the formation of the final failure state for artificially strongly cemented clay. The revised model is then employed to simulate and predict the behaviour of cemented clay with various degrees of cementation and confining stresses. The main features of the complicated behaviour of cemented clay can be reasonably represented well by the theoretical framework of the SCC model. Finally, the influence of cementation on the model parameters is discussed, and empirical equations are proposed to determine some of the key model parameters for engineering practice. 相似文献
17.
The mechanical behavior of natural clays is affected by their inherent anisotropy and metastable soil structure. A simple hierarchical model that considers initial anisotropy and destructuration was formulated within the framework of critical state soil mechanics. In the proposed model, stress sensitivity and a destructuration index were introduced to account for the degree of bonding and the rate of destructuration, respectively. An inclined yield surface was used to incorporate the effect of the initial anisotropy. The proposed model can be degenerated to the Modified Cam Clay model by setting the initial stress sensitivity equal to unity and using a horizontal yield surface. Reasonable agreement between the model simulations and the experimental results on a variety of stress paths demonstrated that the proposed model can capture well the deformation behavior of natural clay and reconstituted soil. The model was implemented into the finite element program for the numerical analysis of an embankment on soft clay improved with prefabricated vertical drains. The numerical predictions were compared with the field-measured data in terms of embankment settlement. Additionally, the numerical simulations were analyzed in terms of horizontal displacements, excess pore water pressure, mean effective stress and volumetric strain. All of the simulations and comparisons indicate the importance of considering the effects of plastic anisotropy, interparticle bonding and destructuration caused by loading beyond yield stress and field disturbance in analyzing the behavior of an embankment on natural soft clay. 相似文献
18.
A two-surface plasticity model for stiff clay 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This paper presents a constitutive model for describing some important features of the behavior of natural stiff clay evidenced experimentally such as the limited elastic zone, the presence of strain hardening and softening, and the smooth transition from elastic behavior to a plastic one. The model, namely ACC-2, is an adapted Modified Cam Clay model with two yield surfaces: similarly to bounding surface plasticity theory, an additional yield surface—namely Inner yield surface—was adopted to account for the plastic behavior inside the conventional yield surface. A progressive plastic hardening mechanism was introduced with a combined volumetric-deviatoric hardening law associated with the Inner yield surface, enabling the plastic modulus to vary smoothly during loading paths. The main feature of the proposed model is that its constitutive equations can be simply formulated based on the consistency condition for the Inner yield surface, so that it can be efficiently implemented in a finite element code using a stress integration scheme similar to that of the Modified Cam Clay model. Furthermore, it is proved to be an appropriate model for natural stiff clay: the simulations of a set of tests along different mechanical loading paths on natural Boom Clay show good agreement with the experimental results. 相似文献
19.
This paper presents a generalised constitutive model for destructured, naturally structured and artificially structured clays that extends the Structured Cam Clay (SCC) model. This model is designated as “Modified Structured Cam Clay (MSCC) model”. The influence of structure and destructuring on the mechanical behaviour of clay can be explained by the change in the modified effective stress, which is the sum of the current mean effective stress and the additional mean effective stress due to structure (structure strength). The presence of structure increases the modified mean effective stress and yield surface, enhancing the cohesion, peak strength and stiffness. The destructuring begins when the stress state is on the virgin yield surface. After the failure (peak strength) state, the abrupt destructuring occurs as the soil–cementation structure is crushed; hence the strain softening. The soil structure is completely removed at the critical state when the yield surface becomes identical to the destructured surface. The destructuring law is proposed based on this premise. In the MSCC model, the yield function is the same shape as that of the Modified Cam Clay (MCC) model. A plastic potential is introduced so as to account for the influence of structure on the plastic strain direction for both hardening and softening behaviours. The required model parameters are divided into those describing destructured properties and those describing structured properties. All the parameters have physical meaning and can be simply determined from the conventional triaxial tests. Thus, the MSCC model is a useful tool for geotechnical practitioners. The capability of the model is verified by the test results of destructured, natural structured and artificially structured clays. 相似文献
20.
Tsutomu Namikawa 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2001,25(6):605-627
A delayed plastic model, based on the theory of plasticity, is proposed to represent the time‐dependent behaviour of materials. It is assumed in this model that the stress can lie outside the yield surface and the conjugate stress called static stress is defined on the yield surface. The stress–strain relation is calculated based on the plastic theory embedding the static stress. Thus, the stress–strain relation of the model practically corresponds to that of the inviscid elastoplastic model under fairly low rate deformation. The delayed plastic model is coupled with the Cam‐clay model for normally consolidated clays. The performance of the model is then examined by comparing the model predictions with reported time‐dependent behaviour of clays under undrained triaxial conditions. It is shown that the model is capable of predicting the effect of strain rate during undrained shear and the undrained creep behaviour including creep rupture. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献