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1.
隧道支护结构荷载作用的随机反演 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
提出荷载－结构模式进行随机反分析方法，从隧道支护结构变形反算对应的荷载作用，可反推围岩抗力系数和覆土荷载的分布情况，以及作用于支护结构上各部位的外荷载。提出了以实测位移为基础的样条函数插值．以插值位移补充大量的实测值，满足了反分析所需众多的已知位移数。通过一施工实例对该方法的可行性进行了检验。 相似文献
2.
基于响应面方法的围岩参数随机反分析 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：5
在有限元分析的基础上，应用响应面方法拟合岩体参数与岩体位移之间的非线性映射关系，以代替有限元的数值模拟，考虑变形量测的随机性，结合响应面方程、优化方法和Monte-Carlo技术，根据位移反分析的最小二乘原理，对围岩参数进行随机反分析，反演结果给出参数的特征值，为围岩稳定性和可靠度分析提供必要的数据，数值结果表明该方法具有较好的计算精度。 相似文献
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层状块体结构岩坡崩塌过程的数值模拟 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本文在某实际工程地质分析的基础上，采和数值模拟方法研究了反倾层状块体结构岩体中开挖边坡的崩塌过程。通过统计分析得到岩体结构的统计性质参数及岩层厚度和节理间距分布的密度函数。采用随机参数模拟生成边坡岩体的结构，随机生成边坡开挖线切割岩体，根据岩块间的相互关系追踪每个岩块的稳定性，统计岩体崩塌的最大深度，得到破坏深度分布的概率分布曲线。模拟结果为实际开挖过程所证实。 相似文献
5.
基于MCMC法的非饱和土渗流参数随机反分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于贝叶斯理论,以马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗方法（Markov chain Monte Carlo Simulation, MCMC法）的自适应差分演化Metropolis算法为参数后验分布抽样计算方法,建立利用时变测试数据的参数随机反分析及模型预测方法。以香港东涌某天然坡地降雨入渗测试为算例,采用自适应差分演化Metropolis算法对时变降雨条件下非饱和土一维渗流模型参数进行随机反分析,研究参数后验分布的统计特性,并分别对校准期和验证期内模型预测孔压和实测值进行比较。研究结果表明,DREAM算法得到的各随机变量后验分布标准差较先验分布均显著减小;经过实测孔压数据的校准,模型计算精度很高,校准期内95%总置信区间的覆盖率达到0.964;验证期第2～4个阶段95%总置信区间的覆盖率分别为0.52、0.79和0.79,模型预测结果与实测值吻合程度较高。 相似文献
6.
拟合三参数对数正态分布时第三参数c的优选方法探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在地质数据中，许多数据常呈正偏或负偏分布，但并不服从对数或反对娄正态态分布。这时可考虑它们是否服从三参数对数或反对数正态分布。本给出一种估计第三参数ｃ的方法。它可快速、客观、较优地确定此参数，弥补以往凭经验多次选择、反复试算等缺陷，为检验地质数据的统计分布型式，掌握分布规律，从而用于统计预测等提供了方便。 相似文献
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基于v-SVR和GA的初始地应力场位移反分析方法研究 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
基于一种改进的支持向量机（v-SVR）和改进的遗传算法（GA），提出一种初始地应力场位移反分析方法。该方法通过正交设计方法安排较少次数的正分析方案，用v-SVR对正分析中测点位移值与参数构成的样本集进行学习，建立参数取值与观测点测值的非线性隐式方程；采用确定性或随机反分析的思路确定反分析的优化目标函数，并利用GA搜索最优参数取值。采用v-SVR方法建立的参数取值与位移量测点测值的非线性隐式方程，能够以很高的精度拟合和预测不同参数取值时的观测点测值，因此，可以用该隐式方程代替正分析，减少计算量；采用改进的GA方法能够准确搜索到最优参数；搜索到的最优参数值与理论值相当吻合。算例表明，基于v-SVR和GA的初始地应力场位移反分析方法是一种行之有效的初始地应力场位移反分析方法，可以广泛用于初始地应力场确定性反分析和随机反分析。 相似文献
8.
岩石力学参数的非线性随机反分析 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
从概率统计学估计原理出发，考虑工程中实测位移的随机波动性，应用随机反分析的目标函数，并得出反演参数方差计算公式，引用弹塑性开裂模型描述岩体的性态，非线性迭代采用收敛稳定的子增量变Kp法。同最小二乘法反分析作比较，研究结果表明随机反分析更符合实际岩石工程的实际情况。 相似文献
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提出了一种结合Ucode反分析软件和Abaqus有限元分析软件,并根据围护墙实测变形来反分析基坑工程平面竖向弹性地基梁法中土的水平抗力比例系数的方法。重点讨论了反分析的原理和实现流程,给出了反分析过程中迭代控制参数的确定方法及待估参数取值的确定方法。通过参数敏感分析可找到对围护结构变形影响较大的土层,针对起主导作用的土层m值进行反分析,既可提高迭代效率,又能保证反分析结果的准确性。实际工程反分析的结果表明,计算值与实测围护墙变形吻合得很好。在此基础上,根据多个测孔的反分析结果给出了各层土的水平抗力比例系数的建议取值。 相似文献
10.
为了提高水质数学模型的模拟精度,充分考虑了对流扩散方程中混合系数随空间变化的特性,结合数学物理反问题理论和方法,建立了河流水质分布参数反问题模型,分别在时域和频域推导出反演计算公式,最后给出应用计算实例。时域与频域两算法的对比分析结果表明,频域计算工作量小,占储存单元少;时域的反演计算误差却明显小于频域,其抗噪性能也较频域强。这说明分布参数能明显改善水质的模拟精度,与污染物在水域的实际分布规律相吻合,本文提出的方法在水环保工作中有着广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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A survey is presented of some recent developments of the numerical techniques for back analysis in the field of geomechanics, with particular reference to tunnelling problems. In the spirit of Terzaghi's observational design method, these techniques are seen as practical tools for interpreting the available field measurements, in order to reduce the uncertainties that in many instances affect the parameters governing the solution of complex geomechanics problems. Both deterministic and probabilistic viewpoints are considered and some significant applications to practical problems are illustrated. 相似文献
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Accurate estimation of geotechnical parameters is an important and difficult task in tunnel design and construction. Optimum evaluation of the geotechnical parameters have been carried out by the back‐analysis method based on estimated absolute convergence data. In this study, a back‐analysis technique using measured relative convergence in tunnelling is proposed. The extended Bayesian method (EBM), which combines the prior information with the field measurement data, is adopted and combined with the 3‐dimensional finite element analysis to predict ground motion. By directly using the relative convergence as observation data in the EBM, we can exclude errors that arise in the estimation of absolute displacement from measured convergence, and can evaluate the geotechnical parameters with sufficient reliability. The proposed back‐analysis technique is applied and validated by using the measured data from two tunnel sites in Korea. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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深部软岩巷道承受高地应力作用,导致围岩产生流变大变形是影响其安全稳定的重要因素。以阳煤一矿西大巷工程为例,分析软弱围岩变形破坏机制;建立能够反映工程地质状况及初始设计方案的有限元模型,以现场监测变形数据和钻孔窥视围岩变形破坏深度为基础,反演获取围岩力学参数和蠕变参数。提出适合软弱流变岩体的可缓冲渐变式双强壳体支护方法,即根据围岩破坏情况进行分层注浆加固,并在最外部架设可缩性U型钢支架,形成可变形缓冲层。建立新型支护方案的有限元模型,利用围岩反演参数预测围岩变形情况,并通过与现场监测数据对比分析,验证了所提支护方案的有效性。 相似文献
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A simplified method of numerical analysis has been developed to estimate the deformation and load distribution of piled raft foundations subjected to ground movements induced by tunnelling and incorporated into a computer program ‘PRAB’. In this method, a hybrid model is employed in which the flexible raft is modelled as thin plates, the piles as elastic beams, and the soil is treated as interactive springs. The interactions between structural members, pile–soil–pile, pile–soil–raft and raft–soil–raft interactions, are modelled based on Mindlin's solutions for both vertical and lateral forces. The validity of the proposed method is verified through comparisons with some published solutions for single piles and pile groups subjected to ground movements induced by tunnelling. Thereafter, the solutions from this approach for the analysis of a pile group and a piled raft subjected to ground movements induced by tunnelling are compared with those from three‐dimensional finite difference program. Good agreements between these solutions are demonstrated. The method is then used for a parametric study of single piles, pile groups and piled rafts subjected to ground movements induced by tunnelling. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
盾构施工工艺诱发地表沉降规律浅析 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
在研究盾构施工工艺诱发地层沉降规律时,对施工工艺变化引起地表沉降的量化分析成果相对较少。将盾构工艺分为注浆填充率?、支护压力比? 和偏心率? 等3个主要因素,将其引入到Rowe等人提出的“间隙参数”的公式中,利用Loganathan等人提出的地表沉降预测解析公式,对上述3个工艺参数的变化对地表沉降的影响进行量化分析;同时以间隙参数为前提,对前人提出的等代层厚度参数取值进一步探讨,为复杂的盾构施工工艺的数值模拟提供计算依据。通过对西安地铁2号线试验段地表沉降实测资料进行反演,分析结果认为,提出来的间隙参数计算方法及修正等代层模型能较为真实地反应施工工艺水平,能够为盾构施工地面沉降控制提供一定的参考。 相似文献
16.
随着城市内地铁盾构区间隧道临近城市道路桥桩工程的增多,急需研究盾构隧道临近桥桩施工对桥桩的变形影响问题。采用有限元数值计算方法,结合盾构隧道穿越桥桩实际工程,建立了盾构隧道施工对临近桥桩影响的数值分析模型,模拟盾构隧道施工,对盾构隧道穿越临近桥桩的桩体沉降、桩体侧移、地表沉降进行了数值分析研究,盾构隧道穿越时及穿越后桩体沉降、桩体侧移、地表沉降控制结果较为理想,桩体处于稳定状态。结合现场监测成果,对数值计算结果和监测结果进行对比分析,表明采用的数值分析计算模型、参数取值对盾构隧道施工对临近桥桩影响的模拟是可靠的,可以运用文中的数值计算方法预测后续盾构隧道施工引起临近桥桩沉降、桩体侧移和地表沉降结果。 相似文献
17.
H. Duddeck 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1991,15(4):223-239
The paper reviews the application of numerical methods in tunnelling, the achievements and the shortcomings, hence also the future tasks for closing the gap between real ground behaviour in critical tunnelling situations and the present approaches by numerical models. After discussing the role of the structural model within the entire design procedure for a tunnel project, problems are mentioned where numerical methods are essential. This is explained for soft ground tunnelling as well as for tunnels in rock. A special section is devoted to the kind of numerical models needed for the interpretation of field measurements. There is still much to do, especially in covering failure modes of tunnels by numerical analysis. The paper is a shorter version (e.g. without photographs of the actual tunnelling work) of a lecture presented at the Innsbruck Conference on Numerical Methods in 1988. 相似文献
18.
煤层气是一种洁净的新能源，我国煤层气储量十分丰富，开发煤层气的方法有地面钻井开采和井巷开采两种，其中井巷开采方法适用于我国许多矿区。本文分析了我国煤层气藏的地质条件，提出了综合采煤采气要求布置井下巷道，改进传统瓦斯抽放工艺开采煤层气的井巷全量开采法，并对本方法进行了理论和实践上的论证。 相似文献
19.
A.R. Selby 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1999,17(3-4):351-371
Tunnelling through soils results in ground loss, causing surface settlements and transverse movements. Where the tunnel drive passes below an existing structure, it is important to estimate the effects upon the structure. However, the free ground deformations should not simply be imposed upon a structure, because the structure contributes to stiffening of the ground. A computational soil-structure interaction analysis is required, to otain detailed stress–deformation response. First, linear finite element and Lagrangian finite difference methods are used to estimate ground movements due to a tunnel in free ground, and the results are compared with values based on empirical equations. The two linear methods and an additional hybrid FE method are then used to assess with soil-structure interaction; two cases of a typical short wall and a long wall lying across the route of tunnels of different depths. The results support the validity of the hybrid method which is used to estimate interactive ground settlements for comparison with a reported case of tunnelling below a building in central London. A more detailed case study is then undertaken to assess building damage caused by gross settlements during tunnelling in mixed soils, at a site in Workington, west Cumbria. A survey allowed estimation of free ground movements. Analysis by the hybrid method on the soils plus uncracked structures indicated intolerable horizontal stresses. Re-analysis with major cracks introduced into the structures resulted in close agreement between measured and computed settlements. 相似文献
20.
Mehmet Ozcelik 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(6):3437-3449
Mechanized tunnelling is a well-established tunnel construction method which allows constructing tunnels in various conditions including mixed ground conditions as well as tunnels in vulnerable urban areas. The selection of the excavator suitable for the geological structure is important in terms of realizing an efficient tunnel excavation. Tunnel excavation studies of Istanbul Kabatas–Mecidiyeköy Metro tunnels are implemented as a double tube. Geology in this section is composed of sandstone, siltstone, mudstone interbedded or as separate units along with dyke intrusions. Calcareous clay, clayey limestone, clayey sand are also rarely observed. Between the Kabatas–Mecidiyekoy tunnels includes two types of mechanical excavation methods namely tunnel boring machine (TBM) and new Austrian tunnelling method (NATM). Main purpose of this study is mixed ground and their impacts on mechanized tunnelling. At the end, some issues have been presented which seems to be important for the success of TBM and NATM in the mixed grounds. As the tunnel excavation studies continued, the problem of collapse on the ground surface of Barbaros Boulevard in Besiktas station increased the importance of tunnel excavation under mixed ground conditions. 相似文献