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1.
New structural field data at various scale and 40Ar–39Ar geochronological results, from the basement rocks in the Truong Son belt and Kontum Massif of Vietnam, confirm that ductile deformation and high-temperature metamorphism were caused by the Early Triassic event of the Indosinian Orogeny in the range of 250–240 Ma. A compilation of isotopic data obtained in other countries along the Sibumasu–Indochina boundary broadly indicates same interval of ages. This tectonothermal event is interpreted as the result of a synchronous oblique collision of Indochina with both Sibumasu and South China, inducing dextral and sinistral shearing along E–W to NW–SE and N–S fault zones, respectively. The collision along Song Ma follows the northwards subduction of Indochina beneath South China and the subsequent development of the Song Da zone which in turn was affected by the Late Triassic Indosinian phase of shortening. Within the Indochina plate, internal collisions occurred coevally in the Early Triassic, as along the Poko suture, at the western border of the Kontum Massif.  相似文献   

2.
Several metamorphic complexes in Southeast Asia have been interpreted as Precambrian basement, characterized by amphibolite to granulite facies metamorphism. In this paper, we re-evaluate the timing of this thermal event based on the large-scale geochronology and compositional variation of monazites from amphibolite to granulite facies metamorphic terranes in central Vietnam. Most of the samples in this study are from metamorphic rocks (n = 38) and granitoids (n = 11) in the Kontum Massif. Gneisses (n = 6) and granitoids (n = 5) from the Hai Van Migmatite Complex and the Truong Son Belt, located to the north of the massif, were also studied. Two distinct thermal episodes (245–230 Ma and 460–430 Ma) affected Kontum Massif gneisses, while a single dominant event at 240–220 Ma is recorded in the gneisses from the Hai Van Complex and the Truong Son Belt. Monazites from granitoids commonly yield an age of 240–220 Ma. Mesoproterozoic ages (1530–1340 Ma) were obtained only from monazite cores that are surrounded by c. 440 Ma overgrowths. Thermobarometric results, combined with concentrations of Y2O3, Ce2O3, and heavy rare earth elements in monazite, and recently reported pressure–temperature paths suggest that Triassic ages correspond to retrograde metamorphism following decompression from high- to medium-pressure/temperature conditions. Ordovician–Silurian ages reflect low-pressure/temperature metamorphism accompanied by isobaric heating during prograde metamorphism. Some samples were affected by both metamorphic events. We conclude that high-grade metamorphism observed in so-called Precambrian basement terranes in central Vietnam occurred during both the Permian–Triassic and the Ordovician–Silurian, while peraluminous granitoid magmatism is Triassic. Additionally, our preliminary analyses for U–Pb zircon age and whole-rock chemistry of granitic gneisses from the Truong Song Belt suggests the presence of the Ordovician–Silurian volcanic arc magmatism in the region. Based on the pressure–temperature–time–protolith evolutions, metamorphic rocks from central Vietnam provide a continuous record of subduction–accretion–collision tectonics between the South China and Indochina blocks: in the Ordovician–Silurian, the region was characterized by active continental margin tectonics, followed by continental collision during the Late Permian to Early Triassic and subsequent exhumation during the Late Triassic. The results also suggest that the timing of metamorphism and protolith formation as well as the geochemical features in other Southeast Asian terranes should be verified to achieve a better understanding of the Precambrian to Early Mesozoic tectonic history in Asia.  相似文献   

3.
老挝-越南长山成矿带位于特提斯构造成矿域东南段,发育大量古特提斯旋回岩浆岩和铜-金-铁-锡等多金属矿床,是研究东特提斯构造岩浆演化与成矿作用的天然实验室。本文系统梳理了长山成矿带的成岩成矿时代、矿床组合和岩石地球化学研究成果,揭示了长山成矿带古特提斯时期的岩浆岩时空格架,构建了晚石炭—中二叠世(317~264 Ma)哀牢山-马江洋的俯冲、中二叠—晚三叠世(263~235 Ma)华南地体与印支地体的碰撞以及晚三叠世(234~202 Ma)碰撞后伸展等构造演化过程。初步建立了长山成矿带各阶段的成矿模式,包括俯冲期斑岩-矽卡岩型Fe-Cu-Au和浅成低温热液型Cu-Au-Ag成矿(305~279 Ma)、碰撞期斑岩-矽卡岩型Sn和矽卡岩型Fe-Au成矿(249~236 Ma)、伸展期热液脉型Au矿化(212~204 Ma)。受限于晚三叠世晚期岩浆活动和成矿作用研究资料的缺乏,碰撞后伸展阶段的成矿作用仍有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

4.
Volcanoplutonic complexes in NE Vietnam have recently been interpreted as intraplate products of the Emeishan plume. Alternatively, mafic–ultramafic rocks have been considered as dismembered Palaeotethyan ophiolites juxtaposed along a tectonic mélange zone. New U–Pb zircon geochronological and geochemical datasets presented here suggest a complex geological history that records collision between the Indochina–South China blocks. Mafic–ultramafic rocks exposed within a tectonic mélange (Song Hien Tectonic Zone) include sub-alkaline pillow basalts that define two geochemically distinct ophiolitic suites (SH-1: N-MORB-like, SH-2: transitional E-MORB-like). Both suites have geochemical signatures suggestive of crustal contamination, compatible with a volcanic passive margin/rift setting. We suggest that SH-1 basalts may correlate with the Devonian–Carboniferous Jinshajiang–Ailaoshan–Song Ma branch of the Palaeotethys and form part of the associated Dian–Qiong belt, whereas SH-2 basalts are co-magmatic with Middle–Late Permian mafic–ultramafic intrusive rocks (dolerites, gabbros, peridotites) that developed in a rift basin, most likely on the margin of the down-going South China plate during west-vergent subduction beneath Indochina. During continental orogenesis and thrust stacking, these ophiolitic rocks were juxtaposed with other lithotectonic blocks within the Song Hien Tectonic Zone. Post-collisional relaxation led to the development of a rift basin (Song Hien rift) comprising Late Permian–Triassic volcano-sedimentary strata including < 270–265 Ma terrigenous sandstones, < 252 Ma mudstones, and c. 254–248 Ma felsic effusives. Granites and granodiorites were emplaced across NE Vietnam between c. 252 and 245 Ma in a syn- to post-collisional setting. The Late Permian–Early Triassic felsic magmatic rocks best correlate with coeval rocks in SW Guangxi and the Central and Western Ailaoshan fold belts (China) and the Truong Son fold belt (Vietnam); together they signal the final to post-collisional stages of Indochina–South China collision. We demonstrate that the analysed magmatic rocks in the Lo-Gam–Song Hien domains of NE Vietnam are not genetically linked to the Emeishan Large Igneous Province in the Yangtze block of South China, as has been previously widely proposed.  相似文献   

5.
《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2008,340(2-3):112-126
Permo-Triassic intermediate–felsic magmatism is developed along the Truong Son fold belt, located in the eastern margin of the Indochina Block. It comprises a succession of the active continental margin associations: calc-alkaline volcano-plutonic associations (272–248 Ma), peraluminous granites (259–245 Ma), and subalkaline felsic volcano-plutonic associations (younger than 245 Ma). Detailed study of geochemical characteristics such as trace elements (LILE, REE, HFSE) and isotopes (Sr, Nd, Pb) indicates that they are homogeneous and that they are products of the Palaeotethys subduction process in relation to Indochina (IC)/North Vietnam–South China (NV–SC) amalgamation (S.L. Chung et al., Abstr., GEOSEA 98, Malaysia, 1998, pp. 17–19). The Indosinian characteristics are represented by mantle–crust interaction in magma generation, controlled by their emplacement localities in relation to the Kontum Uplift. The spatial and temporal evolution of Permo-Triassic magmatism allows reconstructing the geodynamic history of the Indosinian orogeny. It confirms that this event ended in Early to Middle Triassic (246–240 Ma, after C. Lepvrier et al., Tectonophysics 393 (2004) 87–118).  相似文献   

6.
The Truong Son Fold Belt (TSFB) is characterised by Late Carboniferous-Late Triassic metamorphic, volcanic and plutonic rocks, the product of accretion of the Indochina Terrane onto the South China Terrane and a range of composite subduction, collision and extensional events. This study discusses geochronological and geochemical data obtained from a dioritic intrusion and rhyolitic tuff mapped in the Donken area of SE Laos, and previously assigned to the Permian Antoum Granodiorite rock suite within the TSFB. Magmatic zircon U-Pb Q-ICP-MS dating undertaken in this study suggests ages of ca 470 ± 2 Ma for the diorite and ca 476 ± 1.5 Ma for a proximal rhyolitic tuff.Whole-rock geochemistry of both units suggests a subduction-related island arc environment, with calc-alkaline and tholeiitic affinities for the diorite and tuff respectively. The intrusion also exhibits an adakitic signature (high Sr, low Y and HREE contents) suggesting that Ordovician magmatism also occurred within the Indochina Terrane, associated with an enigmatic, early Gondwana subduction event. This intrusion appears part of a broader, bilateral Early Ordovician magmatism, newly linked to the south-east subduction of the Tamky-Phuoc Son Ocean underneath the Kontum terrane, and a north-west subduction beneath the Truong Son terrane. Significantly, sub-economic hydrothermal Cu mineralisation observed within the dioritic intrusion, hints at the presence of local Ordovician, porphyry-style base metal enrichment.  相似文献   

7.
Asia grew in the Late Permian by the collision of a number of micro-continents. Syn- to post-collisional magmatism occurred along the continental collision zones . In this study, we report two types of granitic rocks, garnet granite (Grt granite) and orthopyroxene granite (Opx granite), from the Kontum massif, central Vietnam, which is situated on the continental collision zone between the South China and Indochina cratons. These granitic rocks were formed at ca. 250 Ma when high-temperature (HT) and ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) metamorphism took place in the same zone. Based on the petrological and geochemical features compared with previously reported experimental results, garnet-bearing granite is derived from pelitic gneisses by partial melting, whereas orthopyroxene-bearing granite is produced by the partial melting of garnet-bearing mafic granulites. We inferred that a significantly high-geothermal gradient is required to produce Vietnamese granitic magmatism and related HT to UHT metamorphism. This geotherm may be attributed to upwelling mantle plume beneath the Kontum massif during the Late Permian.  相似文献   

8.
《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2008,340(2-3):83-93
The underlying cause of Indosinian thermotectonism remains unclear, in part because the term has also been adopted to explain Triassic orogenesis across southern China. This paper puts forward the case that use of the term Indosinian should be confined to Vietnam where deformation is linked to continental accretion as opposed to southern China where Triassic igneous activity, metamorphism and deformation are linked to the development of an active plate margin through north-directed subduction of the Pacific oceanic plate. A review of the regional palaeogeography, as well as palaeontological and thermochronological data, highlights the lack of evidence to support the Indosinian as a major mountain building event. There is no definitive evidence for Triassic collision between the Indochina and South China blocks. Preference is given to a plate tectonic model that explains the Indosinian as a reactivation event driven by accretion of Sibumasu block to Indochina.  相似文献   

9.
The Song Ma region, which is located in the northwestern Vietnam represents the zone of amalgamation between Indochina and South China blocks. Numerous scattered ultramafic rocks occur in this region in association with Early to Middle Palaeozoic greenschists and paragneisses, and all these rocks were subjected to hydrous metamorphism and deformation. Here, we present new field data, mineral chemistry and geochemistry from a suite of hydrated peridotites within the Song Ma region and discuss the tectonic significances of the region. We also combine the available data within the Song Ma region and Indochina–South China blocks to discuss the tectonic evolution of the subduction zone. Based on the results, we suggest that the peridotites from the Song Ma are mantle residues that suffered a high degree of partial melting in a forearc tectonic setting. The present data together with the available data within the Song Ma region and the Indochina and South China blocks clearly represent a southward directed Middle Palaeozoic subduction system. The Middle Palaeozoic subduction and accretion events mark the evolutionary history along an active convergent margin between the Indochina and South China blocks, possibly related to the amalgamation of the Pangaea supercontinent. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

10.
The Paleotethyan evolution of the Southeast Asia has become better understood in recent years. Questions remain, however, over the role of the Dien Bien Phu Suture Zone in the evolution of the Indochina Block and whether the Song Ma Suture represents the boundary between the Indochina Block and the South China Block. Granitoid geochronological and geochemical data obtained in northern Laos provide new information vis-à-vis these arguments. Zircon U–Pb ages together with whole rock, trace and rare earth element data from 27 granitic rocks from five complexes allow us to conclude that these granites are typical of I-type Indosinian volcanic arc granites. However, the 234–256 Ma I-type granites mismatch the initiation age obtained from the ductile shear zone of the Dien Bien Phu Fault, thus repudiating the existence of the Dien Bien Phu Suture Zone. This then implies that the Qamdo–Simao and Indochina blocks were united. The geochemical and geochronological data further suggest that the main crust in the Indochina Block formed in the Late Paleoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic, much later than the Archean crustal formation age identified east of the Song Ma Suture. Moreover, the 440–404 Ma and 234–256 Ma I-type granites suggest that the boundary between Indochina and South China should be the Jinsha River Suture–Song Ma Suture–Kontum Massif, instead of the Jinsha River Suture–Song Chay Suture. Finally, the Emeishan basalt and granite complexes both form part of the South China tectonic units subducting westward under the Qamdo–Simao and Indochina blocks.  相似文献   

11.
越南东北部早中生代构造事件的年代学约束   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  
越南东北部-海南岛-粤西南构造带整体上呈NW-SE走向展布于华南板块的南缘,是理解华南构造演化的关键地区.作为印支运动代表性地区的越南东北部地区Song Chay构造带上,下古生界浅变质沉积岩、上古生界至早-中三叠世未变质的沉积盖层中都发育向北东逆冲推覆,韧性变形域表现为NE-SW向的矿物拉伸线理和上部指NE的剪切变形,而脆性变形域则记录了大量NE极性的褶皱和冲断构造.两广交界的云开地体和海南岛地区存在着相同样式的构造变形.关于这期变形的时间,本文通过对野外地层以及所出露不同时期岩体变形特征的综合研究,并结合高质量的锆石U-Pb年代学数据,在越南的东北部厘定为237 ～ 228Ma.这期广泛分布于华南板块南缘构造事件的动力学机制同Day Nui Con Voi(大象山)微陆块与华南板块在早中生代的构造拼合事件相关.本文认为华南板块在早三叠世开始沿着越南东北部的Song Chay缝合带俯冲拼合于Day Nui Con Voi微陆块之下,因此在早-中三叠世时期,在作为俯冲盘的华南板块南缘发育一系列的褶皱和逆冲推覆构造,晚三叠世印支造山作用结束.因此,华南板块南缘的越南东北部-海南岛-粤西南构造带被一同卷入早-中三叠世同印支板块的碰撞造山体系之中.  相似文献   

12.
The Song Ma Anticlinorium displays evidence for four deformations, the first two accompanied by high-grade to greenschist facies metamorphism, and the third by production of syn-low-grade metamorphic sheath folds. The fourth occurred during post-Cretaceous folding and thrusting which produced a thrust-fold complex across northern Vietnam. Whilst the Song Ma Anticlinorium may contain a metamorphosed island-arc volcano-sedimentary sequence, this Palaeozoic sequence cannot represent the active plate boundary in Triassic, Cenozoic or Recent times. The Song Ma Anticlinorium is not an Indosinian subduction zone, but is an allochthonous terrane which accreted to the South China Plate in Siluro-Devonian times.  相似文献   

13.
Ailaoshan orogenic belt located at the northeastern margin of the Indochina block, southeastern Tibet, was formed by subduction and collision between the Indochina and South China blocks in Triassic and slip shearing resulted from the extrusion of the Indochina block in Cenozoic. The high‐pressure pelitic granulite is located at the southeastern margin of the Ailaoshan metamorphic belt, occurs as a slice of about 500～700m in thickness, consists of garnet, sillimanite, feldspar, biotite and quartz with accessory of kyanite, sapphirine, spinel, rutile, ilmenite, zircon and apatite. The petrography and mineral chemistry show that the high‐pressure pelitic granulite had suffered three stages of metamorphism: 1) the prograde metamorphism recorded by the mineral assemblage of garnet, kyanite, feldspar, biotite and rutile; 2) the peak metamorphism shown by the mineral assemblage of garnet, sillimanite, sapphirine, ternary feldspar, K‐feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, spinel, quartz, rutile and zircon mantle; 3) the retrograde metamorphism recorded by the mineral assemblage of biotite, muscovite, plagioclase, quartz and zircon rim. Zircon SHRIMP U‐Pb dating indicates that the protolith of the pelite granulite was deposited before 336 Ma, the prograde to peak metamorphism occurred at P‐T conditions of ≥10.4 kbar at 850～919 °C in 235 Ma, and the retrograde metamorphism occurred at the P‐T condition of 3.5～3.9 kbar at 572～576 °C until to 33 Ma. They are consistent with the times of Indochina separated from Gondwanaland during late Paleozoic, the amalgamation of the south China and Indochina blocks during the Triassic, and the sinistral slip‐shearing since the Early Cenozoic respectively. It is inferred that that the sedimentary rock was subducted to the lower continental crust (30 km) and suffered granulite‐facies metamorphism due to the collision during Indosinian, then exhumed quickly to middle‐upper crust (10–12km) and superimposed retrograde metamorphism since the Cenozoic.  相似文献   

14.
《China Geology》2018,1(1):36-48
The Truong Son Fold Belt, located at the northeastern margin of the Indochina Block, is considered to be tectonically linked to the subduction of the Paleotethys Ocean and subsequent collision. Sepon is one of the most important super large deposits of the Truong Son Fold Belt. Our LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results show that granodiorite porphyry samples from the Sepon deposit have ages of 302.1±2.9 Ma, which is a crucial phase for magmatic-tectonical activities from the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian and has avital influence on the mineralization of copper and gold. Zircon from granodiorite porphyry yields εHf (t) values of 4.32 to 9.64, and TDM2 has an average age of 914 Ma, suggesting that the source of the granodiorite porphyry in the region were mainly mantle components but underwent mixing and contamination of crust materials. The Ce4+/Ce3+ value of zircon in the granodiorite porphyry varys greatly from 2.4 to 1438.29, which shows magma mixing might occur. Considering the characteristics of trace elements in the zircon and the whole rock geochemical characteristics of intrusion rocks as well as the characteristics of regional volcanic-sedimentary association, it is indicated that the tectonic setting may be the continental arc environment. The Sepon Au-Cu deposit is derived from emplacement of calc-alkaline intermediate-acid magma with coming from deep sources in the subduction process of the Paleotethys Ocean, forming porphyry Mo-Cu, skarn Cu-Au mineralization and a hydrothermal sedimentary-hosted Au mineralization in the wall rocks.  相似文献   

15.
The Kontum massif in Central Vietnam represents the largest continuous exposure of crystalline basement of the Indochina craton. The central Kontum massif is chiefly made of orthopyroxene granulites (enderbite, charnockite) and associated rocks of the Kannack complex. Mineral assemblages and geothermobarometric studies have shown that the Kannack complex has severely metamorphosed under granulite facies corresponding to P–T conditions of 800–850°C and 8±1 kbars. Twenty-three SHRIMP II U–Pb analyses of eighteen zircon grains separated from a granulite sample of the Kannack complex yield ca 254 Ma, and one analysis gives ca 1400 Ma concordant age for a zoned zircon core. This result shows that granulites of the Kannack complex in the Kontum massif have formed from a high-grade granulite facies tectonothermal event of Indosinian age (Triassic). The cooling history and subsequent exhumation of the Kannack complex during Indosinian times ranged from ∼850°C at ca 254 Ma to ∼300°C at 242 Ma, with an average cooling rate of ∼45°C/Ma.  相似文献   

16.
为阐明海南岛西北部早古生代构造演化特征,对海南岛西北部邦溪-晨星地区出露的安山岩展开了详细的岩相学和锆石U-Pb年代学分析.安山岩的主要矿物组成为斜长石、角闪石、黑云母和玻璃质.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,两个代表性的安山岩样品给出了452±8 Ma和453±8 Ma的形成年龄,暗示海南岛西北部存在早古生代火山作用.这些安山岩的形成时代与冈瓦纳大陆北缘各微陆块记录的早古生代岩浆活动信息相似,在时空上与金沙江-点苍山-哀牢山构造带和印支地块分布的早古生代岩浆岩具有耦合性.综合研究认为,点苍山-哀牢山、Truong Son、Tam Ky-Phuoc Son、Kontum和海南岛等地区可能发育原特提斯洋的支洋盆.   相似文献   

17.
南盘江盆地的物源及其构造性质至今尚未取得较为一致的认识。目前主要的观点认为其物源主要来自盆地东南面的云开大山地区,盆地的性质为古太平洋板块俯冲所形成的前陆盆地。本文采用碎屑锆石年代学方法,首次报道该盆地中三叠统碎屑锆石年龄组成,分析了该盆地的沉积物源,并基于物源分析探讨了成盆机制和板块间动力学关系。该盆地中三叠统碎屑锆石年龄组成最主要的特征性的年龄分布在320～250Ma之间,此区间内存在280Ma和250Ma两个峰值。通过与相邻各块体锆石年龄谱对比,本研究认为:(1)南盘江盆地的主要物源区应为古特提斯北缘(华南一侧)的石炭-二叠纪岩浆弧,SongMa构造带可能是三叠纪的缝合线,而不是因Sibumasu板块增生到印支板块而导致的板内活化带;(2)该盆地三叠纪时为古特提斯闭合在华南形成的前陆盆地,与古特提斯沿SongMa带向北俯冲闭合有关,前人认为的南盘江盆地形成于古太平洋板块向西北俯冲作用的观点值得商榷。  相似文献   

18.
《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2008,340(2-3):127-138
High-pressure mafic granulites containing granoblastic garnet, quartz, and minor hornblende have been found from the Song Ma Suture zone in northern Vietnam, regarded as a microcontinental boundary between the South China and Indochina blocks. Fine-grained symplectite formed during the decompression stage is developed in the granulite and is divided into orthopyroxene + plagioclase and orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene + plagioclase ± hornblende. The former replaces garnet and the latter is regarded as a breakdown of sodic clinopyroxene. Detailed observation and careful data selection revealed that the high-Mg and low-Ca garnet should be in equilibrium with the precursor sodic clinopyroxene, and the pair indicates high-temperature and -pressure conditions (910–930 °C at 1.9–2.0 GPa). Although we could not obtain quantitative age data from the high-pressure granulite, the U–Th–Pb age (233 ± 5 Ma) of pelitic gneiss strongly suggests a Middle to Early Triassic metamorphic event. If the age indicates the timing of the high-pressure granulite-facies metamorphism, it might be related to a continental collision setting by following crustal subduction. According to the metamorphic signatures, north to central Vietnam may be regarded as an orogenic belt formed by the micro-continental collision between the South China and Indochina cratons.  相似文献   

19.
《Gondwana Research》2013,24(4):1402-1428
The formation of collisional orogens is a prominent feature in convergent plate margins. It is generally a complex process involving multistage tectonism of compression and extension due to continental subduction and collision. The Paleozoic convergence between the South China Block (SCB) and the North China Block (NCB) is associated with a series of tectonic processes such as oceanic subduction, terrane accretion and continental collision, resulting in the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an–Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt. While the arc–continent collision orogeny is significant during the Paleozoic in the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an orogens of central China, the continent–continent collision orogeny is prominent during the early Mesozoic in the Dabie–Sulu orogens of east-central China. This article presents an overview of regional geology, geochronology and geochemistry for the composite orogenic belt. The Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an orogens exhibit the early Paleozoic HP–UHP metamorphism, the Carboniferous HP metamorphism and the Paleozoic arc-type magmatism, but the three tectonothermal events are absent in the Dabie–Sulu orogens. The Triassic UHP metamorphism is prominent in the Dabie–Sulu orogens, but it is absent in the Qinling–Tongbai orogens. The Hong'an orogen records both the HP and UHP metamorphism of Triassic age, and collided continental margins contain both the juvenile and ancient crustal rocks. So do in the Qinling and Tongbai orogens. In contrast, only ancient crustal rocks were involved in the UHP metamorphism in the Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt, without involvement of the juvenile arc crust. On the other hand, the deformed and low-grade metamorphosed accretionary wedge was developed on the passive continental margin during subduction in the late Permian to early Triassic along the northern margin of the Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt, and it was developed on the passive oceanic margin during subduction in the early Paleozoic along the northern margin of the Qinling orogen.Three episodes of arc–continent collision are suggested to occur during the Paleozoic continental convergence between the SCB and NCB. The first episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the North Qinling unit beneath the Erlangping unit, resulting in UHP metamorphism at ca. 480–490 Ma and the accretion of the North Qinling unit to the NCB. The second episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the Prototethyan oceanic crust beneath an Andes-type continental arc, leading to granulite-facies metamorphism at ca. 420–430 Ma and the accretion of the Shangdan arc terrane to the NCB and reworking of the North Qinling, Erlangping and Kuanping units. The third episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the Paleotethyan oceanic crust, resulting in the HP eclogite-facies metamorphism at ca. 310 Ma in the Hong'an orogen and low-P metamorphism in the Qinling–Tongbai orogens as well as crustal accretion to the NCB. The closure of backarc basins is also associated with the arc–continent collision processes, with the possible cause for granulite-facies metamorphism. The massive continental subduction of the SCB beneath the NCB took place in the Triassic with the final continent–continent collision and UHP metamorphism at ca. 225–240 Ma. Therefore, the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an–Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt records the development of plate tectonics from oceanic subduction and arc-type magmatism to arc–continent and continent–continent collision.  相似文献   

20.
Lacassin  Leloup  Trinh  & Tapponnier 《地学学报》1998,10(2):106-111
We re-examine several unconformity sites in northwestern Vietnam where the Indosinian orogenesis has been defined. Field observations in the Black-River (Song Da) region, near Son La, demonstrate that red sandtones and conglomerates, reportedly of Cretaceous age, occur unconformably above schistosed epimetamorphic middle-Triassic sediments. A mesozoic unconformity thus really exists in this region, though the age of deformation is poorly contrained (upper Triassic to upper Cretaceous). In most places, however, the unconformity is strongly deformed, folded Triassic limestones are often thrusted onto the Cretaceous rocks. This implies that Tertiary deformations probably due to the India–Asia collision have been strong in the northern part of the Indochina block.  相似文献   

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