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1.
蛇绿岩及蛇绿岩中浅色岩的SHRIMP U-Pb测年 总被引：101，自引：2，他引：101
文中简要评述了蛇绿岩的层状辉长岩,斜长岩和斜长花岗岩,以橄榄岩为主岩的花岗岩和蛇绿岩中的埃达克岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄的地质意义。层状辉长岩(或堆晶层状辉长岩)通常起源于洋脊下的岩浆房,因而它的形成年龄代表洋壳形成的时代。斜长岩与层状辉长岩的时代相近或略晚。斜长花岗岩年龄的解释极其依赖锆石组成和地球化学证据。橄榄岩为主岩的花岗岩,可能记录蛇绿岩的侵位时代。蛇绿岩中的埃达克岩是消减洋壳在深部的部分熔融的产物。文中发表了新疆扎河坝蛇绿岩SHRIMP定年的中间成果,并简略地介绍了滇川西部金沙江和内蒙古图林凯等地的研究实例。根据层状辉长岩的测定结果,扎河坝蛇绿岩形成于(489±4)Ma,金沙江蛇绿岩形成于(328±8)Ma。内蒙古图林凯蛇绿岩中埃达克岩形成于(467±13)Ma～(429±7)Ma。块状辉长岩、斜长花岗岩和橄榄岩为主岩的花岗质岩石记录了蛇绿岩的复杂演化。新疆扎河坝蛇绿岩中的块状辉长岩中存在多组锆石年龄值。较老的一组为468～511 Ma,与层状辉长岩和斜长岩相似,记录了蛇绿岩或洋壳的形成时代,但是,岩石中的大部分锆石年龄为396～419 Ma,加权平均年龄为(406±4)Ma,可能反映了一次部分熔融事件。滇川西部金沙江蛇绿岩中的斜长花岗岩的形成年龄为约300～285Ma,晚于层状辉长岩和? 相似文献
2.
金沙江蛇绿岩中斜长岩和斜长花岗岩的U-Pb年龄及地质意义 总被引：15，自引：4，他引：11
对滇西和川西金沙江蛇绿岩斜长岩和斜长花岗岩进行了锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ 年代学研究．滇西书松斜长岩和川西雪堆斜长花岗岩成岩年龄分别为３４０±３Ｍａ 和２９４±４Ｍａ,它们可能代表金沙江洋盆张开不同阶段的时代．这一研究表明金沙江蛇绿岩主要形成于石炭纪时期, 与南部的哀牢山蛇绿岩时代可以对比． 相似文献
3.
4.
云南新平县双沟蛇绿岩U—Pb年代学初步研究 总被引：21，自引：7，他引：14
对滇西哀牢山双沟蛇绿岩进行了Ｕ－Ｐｂ年代学研究。龙塘辉长岩锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ下交点年龄为３６２±４１Ｍａ;双沟斜长花岗岩给出Ｕ－Ｐｂ年龄３２８±１６Ｍａ。这一结果表明滇西地区存在海西期蛇绿岩套,为解决古特提斯洋形成时代问题提供了新的年代学依据。 相似文献
5.
位于羌塘中部龙木错－双湖缝合带中的果干加年山早古生代堆晶岩,主要由辉石橄榄岩、堆晶辉石岩、堆晶辉长岩和斜长岩等岩石类型组成。通过对堆晶辉长岩锆石的矿物学与年代学研究,堆晶辉长岩中发育3种内部结构特征的锆石晶体,锆石Th、U含量和Th/U值揭示同一岩浆系统中结晶形成的岩浆锆石。获得堆晶辉长岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb谐和年龄461±7Ma（MSWD=1.3）、431.7±6.9Ma（MSWD=0.54）,分别代表了青藏高原中部地区原－古特提斯洋扩张过程中早期（中奥陶世Darriwilian阶晚期）、晚期（早志留世Telychian阶中期）的岩浆作用事件。果干加年山早古生代堆晶岩具有MORB特征,代表了龙木错－双湖缝合带中残存的早古生代蛇绿岩,也是青藏高原中南部地区目前为止认知时代最早的原－古特提斯洋壳残迹。羌塘中部早古生代蛇绿岩的确定及其年代学约束,使得龙木错－双湖特提斯洋盆的形成时代至少可以追索到中奥陶世－早志留世,并推论龙木错－双湖缝合带、南羌塘古生代增生楔及其中生代盆地和班公湖－怒江缝合带,共同构成了青藏高原特提斯大洋最终消亡的巨型缝合带,晚古生代原－古特提斯洋向南的俯冲消减导致了冈底斯带石炭－二叠纪岛弧型火山岩、二叠纪花岗闪长岩和大洋俯冲型榴辉岩的形成。 相似文献
6.
藏北羌塘中部果干加年山斜长花岗岩定年及其构造意义 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
果干加年山蛇绿岩中首次发现了斜长花岗岩,它对于蛇绿岩的成因研究,特别是对蛇绿岩形成和演化过程的精确年龄测定,具有重要意义。通过野外地质特征和岩石学、地球化学、同位素年代学初步研究,斜长花岗岩具有埃达克岩的特点,如高Al（14.84%～15.35%）、Sr（338×10-6～356×10-6）、Sr/Y值（46.94～55.45）和贫Y、Yb（Y=6.42×10-6～7.20×10-6,Yb=0.56×10-6～0.63×10-6）等。斜长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为348Ma±9Ma,代表了洋壳俯冲的时间。上述地球化学特征表明,果干加年山斜长花岗岩可能是俯冲洋壳高压条件下直接部分熔融形成的,产于消减带之上的环境（SSZ型）。 相似文献
7.
藏北羌塘中部果干加年山早古生代堆晶辉长岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄——兼论原-古特提斯洋的演化 总被引：13，自引：6，他引：7
位于羌塘中部龙木错-双湖缝合带中的果干加年山早古生代堆晶岩,主要由辉石橄榄岩、堆晶辉石岩、堆晶辉长岩、斜长岩等岩石类型组成.对堆晶辉长岩中锆石的矿物学与年代学研究表明.堆晶辉长岩中发育3种内部结构特征的锆石晶体,锆石Th、U含量和Th/U值揭示了同一岩浆系统中结晶形成的岩浆锆石.获得堆晶辉长岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb谐和年龄461Ma±7Ma(MSWD=1.3)、431.7Ma±6.9Ma(MSWD=0.54),分别代表了青藏高原中部地区原一古特提斯洋扩张过程中早期(中奥陶世Darriwilian阶晚期)、晚期(早志留世Telychian阶中期)的岩浆作用事件.果干加年山早古生代堆晶岩具有MORB.的特征,代表了龙木错-双湖缝合带中残存的早古生代蛇绿岩,也是青藏高原中南部地区目前为止认知时代最早的原一古特提斯洋壳的残迹.羌塘中部早古生代蛇绿岩的确定及其年代学的约束,使得龙木错-双湖特提斯洋盆的形成时代至少可以追溯到中奥陶世-早志留世,并推论龙木错-双湖缝合带、南羌塘古生代增生楔及其中生代盆地和班公湖-怒江缝合带共同构成了青藏高原特提斯大洋最终消亡的巨型缝合带,晚古生代原-古特提斯洋向南的俯冲消减导致了冈底斯带石炭纪-二叠纪岛孤型火山岩、二叠纪花岗闪长岩和大洋俯冲型榴辉岩的形成. 相似文献
8.
中国西南哀牢山蛇绿岩同位素地质年代学及大地构造意义 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在前人地质研究基础上,采用颗粒锆石U－Pb法、Pb-Pb蒸发性,并引用了已发表的角闪石Ar-Ar法资料对中国西南哀牢山双沟蛇绿岩进行了同位素地质年代学研究。龙墉辉长岩锆石U－Pb下交点年龄（362±41）Ma,角闪石^40Ar/^39Ar坪年龄（349±13）Ma;双沟斜长花岗岩U－Pb年龄（328±16）Ｍa。这些研究表明哀牢山古洋盆形成于泥盆纪与石炭纪之交;哀牢山、金沙江、可可西里以及松大（Ｓong da）洋可能同时形成,构成扬子板块大陆古特提斯边缘海。 相似文献
9.
月牙山蛇绿质构造混杂岩带位于红柳河—洗肠井蛇绿岩带东部的月牙山一带。月牙山蛇绿岩套出露较完整,自下而上由超基性杂岩、辉长岩、层状玄武岩、枕状玄武岩及放射虫硅质岩组成。蛇绿岩套北侧发生了强烈的构造混杂作用,形成蛇绿质构造混杂岩带,由强糜棱岩化、强蛇纹石化的辉橄岩、玄武岩基质和辉石岩、堆晶辉长岩、斜长花岗岩、橄榄岩、橄辉岩、角闪石岩、白云岩、放射虫硅质岩、蚀变玄武岩等岩块组成。通过对蛇绿岩套中辉石岩、辉长岩、斜长花岗岩、辉长闪长岩及蛇绿岩套北侧斜山——东七一山火山弧中的安山岩、花岗闪长岩等开展锆石U-Pb同位素测年研究,确定月牙山蛇绿岩套形成时代约为530Ma,相当于早寒武世;洋盆发生大规模自南向北俯冲作用的时间为421.0±15~442.4±1.5Ma,相当于志留纪。通过对蛇绿岩带两侧地层形成环境及蛇绿岩带对两侧地层单位的限定意义等研究认为,红柳河—洗肠井蛇绿岩带是代表古大洋闭合的板块缝合带,以该带为界,北侧为哈萨克斯坦板块,南侧为塔里木板块。 相似文献
10.
内蒙古图林凯蛇绿岩中,新发现了埃达克岩,岩性包括石英闪长岩、奥长花岗岩、斜长岩和英安岩。它们是温都尔庙—图林凯早古生代消减带的一种岩浆岩标志。精确的SHRIMP U-Pb测年表明:①石英闪长岩侵位于约467±13Ma,说明温都尔庙古洋壳的消减可能始于约467±13Ma或更早。随后不久,这一岩石经历了约451±18Ma的高级变质和部分熔融事件。②英安岩喷发于约459±8Ma,奥长花岗岩形成略晚,约451±7Ma,最后形成了斜长岩的岩墙,其时代约为429±7Ma。据此认为,温都尔庙—图林凯古洋壳在早古生代时期,经历了愈38Ma的消减事件。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
14.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
15.
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
18.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献