共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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针对地质遗迹资源调查依靠野外考察效率低、成本高及容易造成资源遗漏问题,将高空间分辨率卫星遥感技术引入地质灾害遗迹调查评价。基于IKONOS多光谱数据进行自然彩色变换,采用乘积法变换与全色数据进行融合,将遥感数据与DEM数据叠加生成三维遥感影像图,在遥感解译和野外调查的基础上,对莲花寺高速远程滑坡的形态特征、堆积体结构、成灾范围、成因机理及动力学过程进行研究,为陕西华县莲花寺滑坡地质遗迹评价提供直接的依据。研究结果表明:高空间分辨率卫星遥感技术应用于地质灾害遗迹调查评价,相对于传统野外考察等手段具有无比的优势。陕西华县莲花寺高速远程滑坡类型、特征、规模具有国际性对比意义,属国际罕见的滑坡灾害遗迹点,其稀有性对于研究高速远程滑坡这类特殊地质景观具有重要的现实意义,具有极高的科考研究和科普教育价值。 相似文献
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《四川地质学报》2022,(1)
2014年是汶川地震后的第6年,开展都汶公路沿线地质灾害调查,可以为地质灾害防治和合理建设规划提供参考数据。本研究利用外业调查,结合2014年地面分辨率0.5m的Pleiades卫星遥感影像解译,调查都汶公路沿线的崩塌滑坡地质灾害和承灾体数量及其空间分布,研究都汶公路沿线崩塌滑坡灾害的空间分布规律。结果表明,都汶公路沿线依然有大量崩塌滑坡发育,尤其是5·12汶川地震震中的牛圈沟附近、红椿沟上游物源区、华溪沟沟口等地区,地质灾害密集。从空间分布上看都汶公路沿线的崩塌滑坡灾害与地貌、5·12地震裂度、岩性、距离断裂带的距离、距离水系的距离、年降雨量都有一定的相关关系。 相似文献
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《四川地质学报》2016,(1)
2014年是汶川地震后的第6年,开展都汶公路沿线地质灾害调查,可以为地质灾害防治和合理建设规划提供参考数据。本研究利用外业调查,结合2014年地面分辨率0.5m的Pleiades卫星遥感影像解译,调查都汶公路沿线的崩塌滑坡地质灾害和承灾体数量及其空间分布,研究都汶公路沿线崩塌滑坡灾害的空间分布规律。结果表明,都汶公路沿线依然有大量崩塌滑坡发育,尤其是5·12汶川地震震中的牛圈沟附近、红椿沟上游物源区、华溪沟沟口等地区,地质灾害密集。从空间分布上看都汶公路沿线的崩塌滑坡灾害与地貌、5·12地震裂度、岩性、距离断裂带的距离、距离水系的距离、年降雨量都有一定的相关关系。 相似文献
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中国东南地区隐性滑坡遥感识别研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
我国东南地区植被发育,地质灾害发育规模小,以浅层的残坡积层滑坡为主,采用传统遥感解译方法识别此类地质灾害存在困难。为提高东南地区地质灾害野外调查的工作效率和正确性,提出了隐性滑坡遥感解译技术方法,其解译的直接目标不是地质灾害体本身,而是隐性滑坡,即地质灾害易发的边坡或斜坡。其技术路线包括:遥感解译GIS工作环境创建、易发程度初步分析、建立解译规则、确定解译点位和解译区段及划定重点调查区等内容。该方法在淳安县1:50000农村山区地质灾害详细调查工作中进行了实际应用,采用0.5m和1.0m分辨率的航片和5m×5m分辨率的DEM数据,基于ArcG IS平台创建了解译环境,共确定解译点位3025个和解译区段969个,划定重点调查区面积约914.18km2。经过野外实地调查,共确定地质灾害隐患和不稳定斜坡283处,其中位于解译区段内的隐患或者不稳定斜坡共计199处,占总数的70.3%;位于重点调查区内的隐患或者不稳定斜坡共计264处,占总数的93.3%。ROC计算结果表明隐性滑坡遥感解译的正确率为92.9%。野外调查及验证结果说明,隐性滑坡遥感解译技术方法能够合理地划定解译区段和重点调查区范围,从而有效地指导野外调查工作,该成果可为我国东南沿海地区如浙江省等地区的大比例尺地质灾害详细调查提供参考。 相似文献
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为对强震区地质灾害进行精细调查,基于无人机低空摄影测量系统能够获取高精度、高分辨率和高时效的遥感影像且具有灵活性强和不受复杂地形影响等特点。本文将无人机低空摄影测量系统应用到强震区地质灾害精细调查,探讨了强震区地质灾害无人机遥感精细调查流程及成果应用。以老虎嘴滑坡所在区域的应用为例,阐述了无人机遥感像片的获取和DEM、DOM及三维真实空间场景的制作方法,重点介绍了利用三维真实场景对地质灾害进行定性及定量分析及精确描述。实践结果表明:（1）同常规的遥感调查方法相比,该方法不仅能够获取更高分辨率和更高精度的地质灾害精细调查基础数据,而且还提高了其时效性及可靠性;（2）构建的地质灾害体三维真实空间场景突破了传统的二维地质灾害解译技术,提高了地质灾害解译的精度及准确度。本文较完整地阐述了无人机低空摄影测量系统在强震区地质灾害精细调查的流程及方法,可以较好地应用于强震区地质灾害精细调查。 相似文献
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基于证据权法构建滑坡地质灾害评价模型,进行杭州市滑坡地质灾害危险性区划研究。主要数据源包括1930－2009年杭州市域采集到的1 905个地质灾害个例以及杭州市地质图、土地利用数据及数字高程模型（DEM）等。利用Arcgis空间分析及信息提取功能,筛选强降水、地层岩性、坡度、坡向、坡高、河网与道路缓冲等证据因子,并运用证据权法客观确定各因子权重, 最后通过Arc-WofE扩展模块对多种优选因子的叠加,计算任意格网单元的滑坡发生概率,实现对潜在滑坡点位的空间预测。经分离样本法验证,区划准确率为88.3%,分析结果与现有滑坡的分布情况比较吻合。据此表明证据权法在多指标评价及其权重确定等方面具有普适性,值得在滑坡地质灾害危险性区划等方面推广应用。 相似文献
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中国黄土滑坡灾害频发且分布广泛，传统的地质灾害调查对于地处高位、形变特征不明显和隐蔽型的滑坡隐患难以有效识别，是滑坡灾害监测预警成功率低的主要原因之一。如何有效超前判识别地质灾害隐患是地质灾害防治工作的前提和基础，时序InSAR技术在此领域具有良好的应用潜力，但如何更好地将InSAR技术融入到滑坡灾害相关研究中仍处于探索阶段。笔者以西安市白鹿塬西南区为研究区，在高精度三维倾斜摄影、ALOS-2雷达影像集等数据基础上，以时序InSAR技术反演得到104处地表形变明显区域；结合黄土滑坡易发指数、航拍影像和野外核查，快速识别黄土滑坡及隐患23处，其中包括新识别的滑坡隐患20处和在册的滑坡灾害3处，通过与传统地灾调查数据比对和实地调查核实验证了时序InSAR方法探测结果的优势和有效性，并构建了基于高精度InSAR和DEM数据的黄土滑坡隐患早期识别方法。 相似文献
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2010年6月28日,贵州省关岭县发生大规模滑坡,2010年6月30日中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心根据国土资源部中国地质调查局的部署,紧急派机飞往灾区进行航摄,获取了灾后第3天的高分辨率航摄图像数据,经正射处理后,进行解译提供灾区使用。该解译以QuickBird数据、航摄数据及1∶50 000数字地形、航摄立体像对生成的DEM分别作为滑坡前后的遥感数据源及地理控制数据源。采用数字滑坡技术估算了628关岭滑坡灾害的灾损,解译了滑坡的形态结构及运动方式,利用滑坡前后DEM计算了原斜坡滑走及堆积的滑坡方量,分析了628关岭滑坡成因及存在的地质灾害隐患,并提出防治措施建议。 相似文献
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Many GIS-based landslide models require detailed datasets that are ideally collected from field measurements, which can incur
high costs for carrying out surveys. Even when the data is on hand, implementing physics-based slope stability techniques
can be difficult. Common research practice uses differential equations to characterize the dynamic flow of a landslide, but
it is often laborious without making substantial simplifications. A possible solution is to implement a cellular automata
modeling approach, which represents both spatial and temporal components, to simulate the dynamics of the landslide propagation
process. In this study, a simplified cellular automata model is developed for the effective prediction of landslide runouts,
where the data requirement is a high resolution digital elevation model (DEM). Parameters, such as slope and slope curvature
features, are derived from the DEM and coupled with logistic regression. The developed model is implemented on the Patrick
and Dawson-Chu Slide in North Vancouver, Canada. The results from this study site were favorable, given almost 90% agreement
between simulated landslides and data obtained for real landslides. In addition, sensitivity analysis was performed on the
initiation sites to test the model logic and outputs of the landslide flow. 相似文献
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基于危险度区划的县级区域降雨引发滑坡的风险预警方法——以四川省米易县降雨滑坡为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
降雨滑坡预警在世界上开展广泛,但对小区域的降雨滑坡风险进行预警尚不多见。以通用的风险定义为基础,首先对目标区域——四川省米易县的地质灾害进行调查,以典型滑坡进行反演,获得灾害的本底因素,按贡献率权重叠加法进行危险度分区;通过对承灾体的调查确定承灾对象,并将各承灾对象按密度由行政界限向1km×1km的网格单元转化后叠加形成易损度分区。二者相乘完成风险分区。对研究区域近5年逐日降雨数据与172条地质灾害记录进行分析,按前期日降雨量模型得到降雨阈值,根据滑坡空间概率和降雨引发滑坡的时间概率叠加的结果,得到研究区域的降雨滑坡概率,对照风险分区,完成风险预警。 相似文献
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本文针对黄土地区地质灾害调查与评估需求,探索了一种基于无人机倾斜摄影影像和飞控数据的滑坡单体信息多维提取的方法。通过影像处理获得的DEM、DOM和实景三维模型等多维数据,对贾家村滑坡坡形、坡度、相对高差、植被覆盖率、纵坡比降、表面积与物源体积进行定量提取,结合区域气象数据分析了贾家村滑坡年均降雨量时空分布规律,利用相关地质资料分析了其地层岩性特点和区域地质构造情况,为准确评定其稳定性及危险性提供既高效又准确的定性、定量参考依据。 相似文献
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滑坡运动堆积特征及其冲击强度研究对滑坡风险定量评估具有重要意义。通过对四川乐山市马边滑坡基本特征调查,利用支持向量机模型(SVM)和颗粒流方法(PFC),对滑坡岩土体细观强度参数进行反演和标定,结合UAV数据生成滑坡区高精度DEM,在此基础上,重构马边滑坡三维颗粒流数值模型,模拟并研究滑坡的运动堆积和冲击过程。结果表明:马边滑坡运动时长32 s,主滑时间16 s,运动开始5 s后速度达到峰值,为10.2 m/s;滑坡中后部岩土体运动迹线为直线型,中前部运动迹线成扩散状态,最终呈扇形堆积;滑坡在坡脚处的冲击力可达1.5×109 N,并随着坡脚距的增大,冲击力呈现出指数衰减特征。研究结果与滑坡运动过程实际视频解译结果及堆积现状基本一致,相关研究方法为滑坡定量风险评估提供借鉴。 相似文献
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Pre-conditioning factors and susceptibility assessments of Wenchuan earthquake landslide at the Zhouqu segment of Bailongjiang basin, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Shibiao Bai Qiang Xu Jian Wang Pinggen Zhou 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(5):575-582
In this study, we present a landslide susceptibility assessment carried out after the devastating 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. For the Zhouqu segment in the Bailongjiang basin in north-western China landslide susceptibility was computed by a logistic regression method. This region has been experiencing landslides for a long time, and numerous additional slope failures were triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The data used for this study consists of slope failures attributed to the 2008 earthquake, the 878 post Wenchuan earthquake landslides and collapses inventory build up by combination the field investigation, monoscopic manual interpretation, image classification and texture analysis using SPOT 5 and ALOS remote-sensing image data. All data derived from remote sensing images are validated during field investigations. The landslide pre-disposing factor database was constructed. A digital elevation model (DEM) with a 30 × 30 m resolution, orthophotos, geological and land-use maps and information on peak ground acceleration data from the 2008 earthquake is used. The statistical analysis of the relation between Wencuan earthquake-triggered landslides and pre-disposing factors show the great influence of lithological and topographical conditions for earthquake-triggered slope failures. The quality of susceptibility mapping was validated by splitting the study area into a training and validation set. The prediction capability analysis showed that the landslide susceptibility map could be used for land planning as well as emergency planning by local authorities in this region. 相似文献
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Dragana Đurić Ana Mladenović Milica Pešić-Georgiadis Miloš Marjanović Biljana Abolmasov 《Landslides》2017,14(4):1467-1482
This paper focuses on a specific event-based landslide inventory compiled after the May 2014 heavy rainfall episode in Serbia as a part of the post-disaster recovery actions. The inventory was completed for a total of 23 affected municipalities, and the municipality of Krupanj was selected as the location for a more detailed study. Three sources of data collection and analysis were used: a visual analysis of the post-event very high and high (VHR-HR) resolution images (Pléiades, WorldView-2 and SPOT 6), semi-automatic landslide recognition in pre- and post-event coarse resolution images (Landsat 8) and a landslide mapping field campaign. The results suggest that the visual and semi-automated analyses significantly contributed to the quality of the final inventory, including the associated planning strategies for conducting future field campaigns (as a final stage of the inventorying process), all the more so because the field-based and image-based inventories were focused on different types of landslides. In the most affected municipalities that had very high resolution satellite image coverage (19.52% of the whole study area), the density of the recognized landslides was approximately three times higher than that in those municipalities without satellite image coverage (where only field data were available). The total number of field-mapped landslides for the 23 municipalities was 1785, while image-based inventories, which were available only for the municipalities with satellite image coverage (77.43% of the study area), showed 1298 landslide records. The semi-automated landslide inventory in the test area (Krupanj municipality), which was based on coarse resolution multitemporal images (Landsat 8), counted 490 landslide instances and was in agreement with the visual analysis of the higher resolution images, with an overlap of approximately 40%. These results justify the use of preliminary inventorying via satellite image analysis and suggest a considerable potential use for preliminary visual and semi-automated landslide inventorying as an important supplement to field mapping. 相似文献
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The effectiveness of high-resolution LiDAR data combined with PSInSAR data in landslide study 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Andrea Ciampalini Federico Raspini William Frodella Federica Bardi Silvia Bianchini Sandro Moretti 《Landslides》2016,13(2):399-410
The spatial resolution of digital elevation models (DEMs) is an important factor for reliable landslide studies. Multi-interferometric techniques such as persistent scatterer interferometric synthetic aperture radar (PSInSAR) are used to evaluate the landslide state of activity and its ground deformation velocity, which is commonly measured along the satellite line of sight (LOS). In order to compare velocities measured by different satellites in different periods, their values can be projected along the steepest slope direction, which is the most probable direction of real movement. In order to achieve this result, DEM-derived products are needed. In this paper, the effectiveness of different DEM resolutions was evaluated in order to project ground deformation velocities measured by means of PSInSAR technique in two different case studies in the Messina Province (Sicily, southern Italy): San Fratello and Giampilieri. Three DEMs were used: (i) a 20-m resolution DEM of the Italian Military Geographic Institute (IGM), (ii) a 2-m resolution DEM derived from airborne laser scanning (ALS) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data for the San Fratello 2010 landslide, and (iii) a 1-m resolution DEM derived from ALS LiDAR data for the area of Giampilieri. The evaluation of the applied method effectiveness was performed by comparing the DEMs elevation with those of each single permanent scatterer (PS) and projecting the measured velocities along the steepest slope direction. Results highlight that the higher DEM resolution is more suitable for this type of analysis; in particular, the PS located nearby the watershed divides is affected by geometrical problems when their velocities are projected along the steepest slope. 相似文献