共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 424 毫秒
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《铀矿地质》2019,(6)
热液蚀变是向阳坪花岗岩型铀矿床的重要找矿标志。利用ASD光谱仪对向阳坪矿床两个含矿钻孔进行岩心高光谱测量,基于光谱分析和光谱匹配技术提取了高岭石、蒙脱石、富铝绢云母、贫铝绢云母、赤铁矿、绿泥石+绢云母、碳酸盐等7类蚀变矿物信息。高光谱岩心编录与钻孔岩性、构造、矿化的综合分析结果表明:豆乍山和香草坪岩体对热液蚀变类型及发育程度的影响均不大,铀矿化和相关的热液蚀变发育主要受断裂构造控制,绿泥石+绢云母、蒙脱石、贫铝绢云母形成于矿前期,赤铁矿、富铝绢云母、高岭石及碳酸盐形成于成矿期—成矿晚期,构造带中的赤铁矿+富铝绢云母+高岭石可作为向阳坪地区铀矿化标型矿物组合。 相似文献
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钻孔岩芯高光谱技术是获取岩芯地学信息与研究的新方向。新疆白杨河铀矿床钻孔岩芯蚀变发育,对其开展蚀变研究有助于对白杨河矿床深部铀矿勘探提出更好的找矿认识。本次研究利用Field Spec4可见光-短波红外地面非成像光谱仪对新疆白杨河铀矿床8个钻孔进行光谱测试与分析,研究发现钻孔岩芯热液蚀变矿物组合垂向上具有明显的"上低下高中过渡"的三分带特征:即上部为低铝绢云母+少量赤铁矿与少量褐铁矿+少量蒙脱石,中部为中铝绢云母+低铝绢云母+少量蒙脱石+少量碳酸盐、赤铁矿与褐铁矿,下部为高铝绢云母+绿泥石+碳酸盐;绢云母Al-OH吸收峰位置变化规律反映出矿床的热液活动具有深部相对高温、高压、偏酸性,浅部相对低温、低压、偏碱性的特征。蚀变三分带特征以及热液活动特征表明白杨河铀矿床具有明显的热液成矿背景,同时,铀矿化总体处于3分带特征中的中部以中铝绢云母为主的蚀变带与下部以高铝绢云母为主的蚀变带之间的过渡带中,该过渡带是铀成矿的有利部位,同时也是可能的热液/矿化中心;过渡带中发育赤铁矿,中铝绢云母和高铝绢云母,此3种蚀变矿物可能与铀成矿关系密切。这些可以为白杨河铀矿床深部铀矿勘探提供借鉴与参考。 相似文献
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高光谱遥感技术是近年来兴起并逐渐成熟的蚀变矿物研究方法。盘龙沟金矿床围岩蚀变发育,主要蚀变类型包括硅化、绿泥石化、绢云母化、碳酸盐化、钠长石化、褐铁矿化等,蚀变与金矿化关系密切。文章通过航空高光谱遥感数据和地面光谱数据,提取和诊断盘龙沟金矿床的不同地段、不同地质体的蚀变矿物信息,研究分析金矿区的航空和地面高光谱蚀变矿物、蚀变矿物组合特征,以及矿区围岩蚀变特征,总结航空和地面光谱蚀变矿物分带找矿标志规律,结合金矿床地质矿产特征,系统剖析金矿床的综合找矿标志特征,构建盘龙沟金矿床高光谱蚀变矿物找矿标志;同时依据绢云母、绿泥石的诊断光谱,研究两种蚀变矿物的光谱变化特征,分析了金矿床围岩蚀变的形成条件和蚀变矿物的温压条件,进而初步推测盘龙沟金矿床为中低温热液型金矿,其矿体与围岩形成的环境条件不同。 相似文献
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航空高光谱识别的高、中、低铝绢云母矿物成因学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
国内外学者在航空高光谱矿物填图时,根据Al-OH光谱特征吸收波长位置不同将浅色云母类矿物分为2~3类,分别命名为高铝绢云母、中铝绢云母、低铝绢云母,但对它们的成因特点却只有零星的讨论,没有比较系统的有针对性的研究。本文在新疆雪米斯坦铀多金属成矿带获取CASI/SASI航空高光谱数据,并开展矿物填图的基础上,针对高铝绢云母、中铝绢云母、低铝绢云母等三种矿物的成因学专门开展了比较系统的研究。采用的方法主要是在开展详细的野外地质观察、采样的基础上,对采集的上述三类矿物蚀变岩样品进行详细的室内光谱测量、Al-OH吸收波长位置统计、显微薄片观察、全岩X衍射分析、粘土X衍射分析等研究,并结流体成矿理论和已有矿物成因学知识,进行了详细深入的分析讨论。研究表明,高铝绢云母蚀变岩蚀变强烈,云母类蚀变矿物以绢云母、伊利石为主,且主要与叶腊石和微晶石英等矿物伴生,而低铝绢云母蚀变岩蚀变强度中等,以伊利石、伊蒙混层为主,绿泥石增加,主要与方解石、浊沸石等矿物伴生;高铝绢云母蚀变岩具有相对高的石英含量和粘土矿物总量,具有相对较低的钾长石、斜长石以及方解石含量;低铝绢云母蚀变岩则具有相对较低的石英和粘土含量,具有相对较高的斜长石、钾长石和方解石含量。通过深入分析讨论,本文提出了在研究区航空高光谱识别的高铝绢云母形成于相对高温、偏酸性的热液流体环境,低铝形成于相对低温、偏碱性的热液流体环境。这一新认识对航空高光谱遥感矿物填图结果的深入应用和深层次找矿信息反演具有重要意义。 相似文献
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近年来红外光谱技术作为一种绿色、快速、无损、精确探测矿物的技术手段而倍受关注,针对斑岩型矿床蚀变矿物高度叠加、蚀变分带界线不明显、细粒蚀变矿物多、黏土蚀变矿物多等特征,该技术在蚀变矿物识别和勘探信息解读等方面优势突出。本文应用红外光谱技术对云南普朗斑岩铜矿区钻孔ZK1801岩心进行矿物识别和蚀变分带划分的研究,识别出钾硅酸盐化带、绿帘石-绿泥石化带、绿泥石-伊利石化带、石英-伊利石化带和泥化带。研究表明:普朗铜矿整个钻孔的蚀变矿物主要有石英、钾长石、绢云母、绿泥石、绿帘石、高岭石、蒙脱石、伊利石等;根据矿化特征,发现铜矿体广泛赋存在钾硅酸盐化带和绿帘石-绿泥石化带中,与矿化关系密切的蚀变矿物"石英+钾长石+绢云母"和"绿帘石+绿泥石",可以作为普朗矿床勘查的标型蚀变矿物组合;研究区广泛发育的绢云母Al—OH波长随钻孔深度增加而逐渐从2210～2205nm减小到2202～2198nm, Al—OH波长2210～2205nm(长波绢云母)与矿化关系密切,可以作为普朗矿床勘查的指示信息。 相似文献
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绿泥石化是花岗岩型铀矿床蚀变带广泛发育的围岩蚀变类型之一.在酸性热液构造蚀变带中,与赤铁矿化、硅化、水云母化同时产出;在碱性热液构造蚀变带中,与赤铁矿化同时出现,有时还存在方解石化.因此,绿泥石化应属于重要的铀矿找矿线索.为了选择最佳铀矿勘查遥感谱段(童庆禧,1990),为了利用成像光谱技术提取铀矿蚀变带混合光谱所含的蚀变矿物信息,开展高光谱遥感铀矿蚀变带填图,需要掌握铀矿蚀变带端元光谱.本文针对铀矿床绿泥石化蚀变开展矿物学分类研究,提取和分析其诊断性光谱特征. 相似文献
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福建政和东际金-银矿床的热液蚀变特征及其勘探指示意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
福建东际金-银矿床产于中生代东坑火山岩盆地西缘的流纹质凝灰岩中,矿区及周边火山-沉积岩系遭受了广泛且强度不等的热液蚀变。本文工作采用红外反射光谱技术在东际矿区三个勘探剖面上对钻孔岩心进行系统性高密度采样分析,结果显示蚀变矿物组合及分带的大框架样式主要受原岩成分控制,具体表现为绢云母化趋向于发育于流纹质火山岩中,而绿泥石化则富集在安山质和英安质火山岩中。在更小的矿区局部空间范围内或单一岩性中,热液作用的物化条件作为次级控制因素决定着特定蚀变矿物的成分变化和蚀变类型的强度差异。从层状硅酸盐组合考虑,东际矿区热液蚀变以绢云母化和绿泥石化为最主要类型,而缺失发育良好的蒙脱石带,金-银矿化赋存在以伊利石为主的绢云母化带中,表明成矿环境属于低硫到中硫之间的浅成热液系统。含矿火山岩的热液蚀变组合和强度变化,以及金-银矿化的似层状特点,均指示成矿时流体是沿着南园组凝灰岩层内侧向流动,而蚀变分带细节显示在凝灰岩层中存在着二至三条流体主通道,金-银矿化则赋存在主通道中。流体主通道的热液蚀变标志是富铝绢云母,其与主通道之外的相对贫铝绢云母在红外光谱特征上反差明显。因此,采用红外光谱技术圈定整体热液蚀变系统的空间构型、解译成矿环境的物化条件及变化、并确定绢云母的铝含量变化用以判断成矿流体主通道位置,可以有效地缩小勘探目标和提高找矿工作的预测性。 相似文献
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本文详细地描述了沥青铀矿和辉钼矿组合的矿化特征。列举了沥青铀矿与辉钼矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、绢云母、碳酸盐等的相互关系。从而说明:矿物自溶液中析出的时间相近、矿化与围岩蚀变关系紧密。同时,划分出两种蚀变类型:1)钠长石化和碳酸盐化岩石,2)绢云母化和矽化岩石。根据不同的围岩蚀变和矿物在矿带中的分布特点,进而划分三种矿带类型:第一类矿带、上部以棋盘状钠长石和碳酸盐蚀变为特征,沥青铀矿大量富集。下部为绢云母和石英,辉钼矿则占优势;第二类矿带下部,矽化、绢云母化特别强烈,沥青铀矿仅见于上部;第三类矿带上部,钠长石增多,富铀而贫钼,下部则相反。以上说明:铀的富集随着岩石钠长石化强度之增加而加强,钼只富集于绢云母化和矽化地段。最后,本文对围岩蚀变和成矿作用的地球化学过程,也作了简要的理论分析。 相似文献
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选择新疆红山铜金矿床,使用美国ASD公司的FieldSpec Pro FR地面波谱仪,在铜金矿区及外围地段分别对各地质体的英安岩、蚀变英安岩、花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、流纹斑岩、片理化带、矿体等开展地面波谱测试,获取各地质体的波谱曲线,综合剖析各吸收峰的波谱特征和蚀变矿物的反映特征,同时结合镜下鉴定和X射线衍射分析结果,研究和总结红山铜金矿区从矿体、矿化体、近矿围岩、外围蚀变围岩至外围正常围岩的地面高光谱蚀变矿物和蚀变矿物组合分布特征,结合矿床的地质矿产特征和地面围岩蚀变特征,形成地面高光谱蚀变矿物组合分布图,构建红山铜金矿床基于地面高光谱遥感找矿模型,为后期开展航空高光谱遥感调查、高光谱蚀变矿物信息提取和找矿预测提供地面高光谱波谱数据支持和典型矿床模型基础。 相似文献
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利用光谱特征进行岩石矿物分析受到了国内外研究者的广泛关注,大多数蚀变矿物如赤铁矿、水云母等在可见光-近红外-短波红外波段具有诊断性强的波谱特征。因此,利用典型岩石矿物光谱特征可为矿产资源勘查与评价提供一种新的手段和方法。本文对相山铀矿田蚀变矿物进行光谱测量,经数据处理获得了不同典型蚀变岩石矿物的反射率光谱曲线。通过对这些光谱曲线特征的分析研究,提出了影响岩石矿物反射率的因素,探讨了水云母、萤石、赤铁矿等典型蚀变岩石的反射率曲线特征,并建立了相应的典型蚀变矿物光谱识别模型。 相似文献
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Airborne hyperspectral imagery was used to study the distribution of white mica minerals in Archean (3.2 Ga) submarine hydrothermal systems associated with volcanogenic massive sulfide mineralization in a well-exposed volcanic sequence of the Soansville greenstone belt in the Pilbara, Western Australia. White mica mineral abundance and distribution maps were compared with published hydrothermal alteration maps and differences were interpreted using whole-rock geochemistry and temperature estimates from oxygen isotope geothermometric studies of hydrothermally altered rocks. Three different zones were identified from the hyperspectral imagery: 1) Al-rich white mica zones in the upper parts of the volcanic sequence which are related to recharge of unevolved seawater, 2) Al-poor white mica zones at middle and upper levels of the volcanic sequence predominantly related to K alteration by more-evolved hydrothermal fluids, and 3) high to intermediate Al-content white mica zones in lower levels of the sequence and in cross-cutting zones related to intense alteration by laterally flowing and upwelling evolved fluids. The integrated study of the spatial distribution of hyperspectrally detected white mica minerals together with published maps and rock analyses allowed characterization of the hydrothermal systems and reconstruction of paleo fluid pathways. 相似文献
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随着近年来取得重要找矿突破的普朗斑岩型铜矿的规模化开采，进一步摸清首采区外围资源潜力任务紧迫。遥感技术尤其是国产卫星资源一号02D星等高光谱卫星成功发射，为我国高海拔艰苦地区快速精准识别与矿化相关的蚀变矿物提供了可能。针对以往对植被覆盖区高光谱矿物识别有效性方法探索不足，本文选取普朗铜矿区为研究，采用资源一号02D高光谱遥感数据，使用比值植被指数划分植被覆盖区及非植被覆盖区。基于实测波谱，分层次构建了植被覆盖区及非植被覆盖区与普朗铜矿矿化密切相关的绢云母、绿泥石、绿帘石蚀变特征矿物波谱曲线，并采用匹配滤波方法开展了蚀变矿物填图示范应用。野外验证表明：该方法可有效探测普朗斑岩型铜矿外围尤其是首采区东侧植被覆盖区绢云母等蚀变特征矿物分布信息，结果显示普朗首采区东侧具有较大找矿潜力。 相似文献
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Near-infrared (NIR) and short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imagery can be used to detect certain alteration minerals. At epithermal deposits, the formation of alteration minerals is, in theory, related to the mineralisation of gold and silver. In order to provide foundations for developing sensor-based sorting applications at a mine that exploits such a deposit, it was investigated if NIR-SWIR hyperspectral imagery can be used to distinguish between ore and waste particles by characterising the alteration mineralogy. Maps were produced from the NIR-SWIR hyperspectral images of 827 drill core samples that show mineral occurrences, mineral absorption feature intensities and characteristics of the iron oxide mineralogy. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to the information contained in these maps to investigate if this information can be used to discriminate between ore and waste. The results showed that NIR-SWIR hyperspectral imagery could be used to segment a population of waste samples by detecting occurrences of pyrophyllite, dickite and/or illite. This result can be explained by the fact that these minerals are commonly deposited further away from the ore-bearing epithermal veins, while the absence of SWIR-active minerals or detected occurrences of alunite are more closely associated with these structures. The ability to identify waste with NIR-SWIR spectral sensors means there is potential that sensor-based sorting can be used to remove this waste from mineral processing operations. Additional research is still required to assess the economic feasibility of such a sensor-based sorting application.
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Alteration zones (more commonly foot wall alteration zones) are related to volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VMS) deposits and represent unique features that may be targeted during exploration. Of these, the chloritic foot wall alteration pipe is the most extensive and characteristic of VMS deposits. This feature is geochemically identified by a strong relative enrichment in aluminium and magnesium and a coupled depletion in calcium and sodium, giving rise to chloritic rocks in the primary environment of formation. During high grade regional metamorphism such chloritic precursor rock types are replaced by an unusual mineral paragenesis, typically containing magnesium rich cordierite, phlogopite, orthoamphiboles or orthopyroxenes and aluminium rich minerals such as sillimanite and corundum. This suggests that the unusual geochemical features of the alteration zone, retained during the deformation and metamorphism, should be recognisable in lithogeochemical exploration.The massive sulfide deposit in the eastern part of the metamorphic Namaqua Province, South Africa, at Areachap, Kantienpan and the defunct Prieska Cu–Zn Mine are hosted by a Mid-Proterozoic volcano sedimentary succession known as the Areachap Group. These deposits were affected by a complex deformation and metamorphic history and represent examples of upper amphibolite to granulite grade metamorphosed VMS deposits.The application of the known lithogeochemical methods is especially complicated where the geology is not well understood, due to the poor rock exposure of complexly deformed and metamorphosed areas, such as in the eastern part of the Namaqua Province.The box plot presents a more readily applicable lithogeochemical method to characterize and identify the alteration process, but it was designed for relatively un-metamorphosed environments. It is demonstrated here that the box plot may also be applied to high-grade metamorphic terrains and that the mineral phases used in defining the boxplot in low grade metamorphic environments may be replaced by their equivalents in high grade metamorphic terrains. The compositional trends of the metamorphic minerals themselves may be used in defining the boxplot for high grade metamorphic terrains. These include the transition of: annite to phlogopite; grossular to almandine or pyrope, augite to enstatite or clinoenstatite, and hornblende to gedrite or cummingtonite. Close to the ore zone, the relative Mg content of pyroxene, cordierite and biotite are higher than further away from this zone. It could be demonstrated that the changes in the mineral compositions are gradational when comparing unaffected rocks with progressively more altered wall rocks.Conclusions based on an application of the isocon method demonstrate that primary footwall alteration zones in the Areachap Group's VMS deposits are characterized by elemental depletion of Na2O, CaO, Sr, Ni, V and La and enrichment of MgO, Fe2O3(total), S, Zn, SiO2, Co and F. It is shown that the whole rock compositions of rocks that were independently identified as the metamorphic equivalents of altered rocks, using the isocon method, plot in the correct place in the box plot for high grade regionally metamorphosed terrains. This establishes the box plot as an effective and practical tool for lithogeochemical exploration for VMS deposits in complexly deformed high grade metamorphosed terrains. 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地纳岭沟地区铀矿物赋存形式研究及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
纳岭沟铀矿床位于鄂尔多斯盆地东北部的伊陕单斜构造区,该区含矿主岩为中侏罗统直罗组下段下亚段。本文通过电子探针、能谱及背散射分析等方法,详细研究了该区目的层砂岩的铀矿物类型及其赋存形式,并对其矿物组合特征及期次等进行了探讨。结果表明纳岭沟地区铀矿物主要为铀石,还有少量的含钛含铀矿物、沥青铀矿、铀钍石等。铀矿物与黄铁矿、蚀变钛铁矿、锐钛矿/白钛石、粘土矿物等密切共生,呈毛刺状或微细柱状产于矿物边缘,或呈粒状产于黑云母解理缝中,另外也见产于碎屑颗粒中。结合电子探针及背散射分析,对蚀变黑云母解理缝中黄铁矿及铀石成因、以及蚀变钛铁矿与铀特殊关系进行了初步探讨。另外该区存在高Y和低Y元素两种铀石类型,沥青铀矿可能为原铀矿物蚀变残留,结合矿物蚀变期次,初步认为该区含铀砂岩至少遭受两期不同成矿流体作用,多源流体耦合成矿可能是砂岩型铀成矿的重要机制之一。 相似文献