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针对煤与瓦斯突出机制尚不明确的问题,在前人研究的基础上对煤与瓦斯突出强度的影响因素做进一步分析。通过三维突出模型的构建和不规则突出孔洞体积的求解,得出了突出煤体释放的弹性势能,结合突出过程中瓦斯内能和突出后能量的分析,得到煤与瓦斯突出发生的能量条件模型与突出强度预测模型。在统计10次瓦斯突出事故的基础上,运用能量条件模型与强度预测模型进行计算分析,得出突出前、后能量基本相等,突出强度预测值与统计值相差无几的结论,从而验证了该模型的合理性,为从能量角度进行煤与瓦斯突出的研究提供了量化手段。利用该能量条件模型进行了中梁山煤矿和化处煤矿突出实例的突出强度影响因素分析,结果表明,煤层的地应力和瓦斯含量是突出强度的主要影响因素,坚固性系数和进尺对突出强度的影响程度相对较小;突出强度对瓦斯含量变化的敏感度大于对地应力变化的敏感度。 相似文献
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透视法预测煤与瓦斯突出的尝试 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在瓦斯矿井采面内,当存在地质构造形成的煤层松动破碎带和软分层带,容易发生煤与瓦斯突出。透视法是利用电磁波在这些破碎带和软分层带的传播过程中,被折射、反射、吸收和屏蔽,使信号减弱或消失,形成的透视阴影区来分析工作面内地质构造,达到预测煤与瓦斯突出的目的。经实际试验,取得了一定效果。 相似文献
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煤与瓦斯突出是一种复杂的动力现象,影响因素很多,根据六枝煤矿区煤与瓦斯突出的实际分析,影响煤与瓦斯突出的主要因素有:采掘深度、瓦斯应力、采掘集中应力、地质构造、顶底板围岩性质、煤的变质程度及煤层结构等。六枝煤矿区因地质构造而发生煤与瓦斯突出的次数最多、强度较大,因此,地质构造的影响因素最大。在今后加强地质工作尤为重要。 相似文献
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前人研究认为构造煤是煤与瓦斯突出的必要条件,构造煤的分类对煤与瓦斯突出的预测和防治有重要意义。(1)根据构造煤参与煤与瓦斯突出过程的突出属性对构造煤重新进行了定义,认为构造煤是构造作用下强度降低、瓦斯异常的煤气双重介质,据此将构造煤划分为01类瓦斯构造煤和01类强度构造煤以及强度和瓦斯都变异的02类构造煤。(2)参考地质构造成因环境下岩石破坏的脆韧性划分方式,将突出属性分类与脆韧性的构造成因特性结合起来,划分出3类脆性构造煤和3类韧性构造煤,分别命名为01类脆性瓦斯构造煤、02类脆性构造煤等。(3)分析了构造煤在煤与瓦斯突出中的作用,低强度构造煤在其周围形成应力集中,瓦斯通过孔隙压力和吸附作用降低煤体强度,而高压瓦斯则是突出发展过程中煤体破坏和抛掷的重要动力源之一。(4)结合成因属性构造煤分类对各种地质因素对构造煤空间分布、构造煤瓦斯的生成和保存条件进行了分析。 相似文献
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煤与瓦斯突出灾害的有效防治一直是我国煤矿安全生产面临的挑战性难题,其前提和基础是对煤与瓦斯突出机理的深入研究。全面阐述我国近70年来在煤与瓦斯突出机理研究领域所开展的工作和取得的成绩,其研究过程分别经历了积极探索阶段(1955—1977年)、理论奠定阶段(1978—2002年)、快速发展阶段(2003—2015年)和稳定发展阶段(2016年至今);基于文献计量学方法和科学知识图谱分析,探讨了突出机理的研究热点和前沿趋势。分别从理论假说、物理模拟、数值模拟3个方面系统总结了我国煤与瓦斯突出机理研究进展：理论假说方面,在综合作用假说的基础上,针对我国煤矿实际情况形成了以流变假说、球壳失稳理论、力学作用假说等为代表的新观点和新理论,奠定了突出理论研究基础;物理模拟方面,围绕突出主控因素、多物理场演化、能量转化与失稳条件、地质构造与构造煤、两相流致灾机制等方面进行了大量的试验研究,基本掌握了突出的发动条件、发展过程、演化规律及影响因素;数值模拟方面,主要开展了突出煤层、地质构造和突出两相流等方面的模拟研究,然而由于突出过程和影响因素的复杂性,仍无法实现突出全过程的模拟分析。目前,已初步形成了具... 相似文献
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煤和瓦斯突出发生过程中的温度作用机理研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
通过温度对含瓦斯煤的强度、吸附特性的影响,研究了温度在煤和瓦斯突出发生过程中的作用机理。并根据煤和瓦斯突出发生的能量失稳判据,提出了以采区工作面的温度变化预测煤和瓦斯突出。 相似文献
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《中国煤炭地质》2017,(3)
为厘清平顶山矿区首山一矿戊组煤高瓦斯压力成因,运用瓦斯赋存地质构造控制理论,根据平顶山矿区地质构造特征、矿井实测瓦斯参数、矿区地应力场特征等,分析了矿区瓦斯地质特征、区域地质构造形成与演化对矿区煤层瓦斯赋存与排放的控制作用、戊组煤成煤作用、变质作用及生烃过程,在此基础上重点研究了首山一矿井田地质构造及地层特征、水动力条件对戊组煤层瓦斯压力及含量的影响。认为平顶山矿区东区为高地应力、高瓦斯压力赋存区;位于东区的首山一矿井田的构造特征和由巨厚砂质泥岩、泥岩组成的戊组煤层顶底板岩石条件,弱的水动力条件,以及高水平挤压应力等形成独特的三维封闭型构造组合,是造成首山一矿戊组煤层高瓦斯压力的主要原因。 相似文献
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瓦斯在煤基多孔介质中运移及煤与瓦斯突出机理 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
分析了瓦斯在煤基多孔介质中的运移条件;推导和讨论了瓦斯在煤基多孔介质中运移扩散的基本方程和影响因素;分析了煤与瓦斯突出产生的机理和渗透力学条件。提出瓦斯在煤基多孔介质中的运动是孕育煤与瓦斯突出的前提,而瓦斯压力梯度与浓度梯度的存在是驱动瓦斯在多孔介质中运动的内动力;煤与瓦斯突出的危险性主要取决于瓦斯压力梯度及其变化量的大小,而和瓦斯的绝对压力大小没有直接关系。煤与瓦斯突出的条件是由煤基多孔介质中瓦斯压力梯度的大小和煤体固体骨架的抗剪强度大小所决定。低渗透性的构造煤因对瓦斯运移阻力较大而容易形成瓦斯压力梯度的增加,从而更易于发生煤与瓦斯突出。 相似文献
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煤（岩）与瓦斯突出的地质条件研究：以阜新王营矿为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文统计分析了阜新矿务局王营矿１０余次煤（岩）与瓦斯突出现象,发现岩浆侵入作用和地质构造是控制影响瓦斯突出的主要地质因素,岩浆岩的发育造成了煤变质程度增高,促进了瓦斯的形成,岩浆的烘烤,挤压破坏了煤的原始裂隙系统,形成了“构造煤”带,使岩墙两侧天然信占大量高游离成瓦斯受到封闭而形成潜在煤（岩）与瓦斯突出危险区,地质构造则对瓦斯保存和运移起到了重要作用,掌握有关规律,可预测瓦斯突出区域,指导防治措施 相似文献
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The controlling effect of thick-hard igneous rock on pressure relief gas drainage and dynamic disasters in outburst coal seams 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
Liang Wang Yuan-ping Cheng Chao Xu Feng-hua An Kan Jin Xiao-lei Zhang 《Natural Hazards》2013,66(2):1221-1241
Intrusive igneous rock is usually found in the overlying strata above mining stopes, and its occurrence, lithology, and distribution play important roles in coal mining safety. Of the numerous coal mine disasters in China, a large number have been caused by magma intrusion. Magmatic activity is intense and widely distributed in the Haizi Coal Mine which has suffered eleven coal and gas outburst accidents and one water inrush accident under a thick-hard igneous rock with 120-m-thick. Based on theoretical analysis, laboratory testing and field observations, we found that under the effect of thermal evolution and entrapment of the igneous rock, the coal pore structure developed, the gas adsorption capacity was enhanced, and the risk of gas outburst increased. The igneous rock, as the main key stratum, will not subside or break for a long time after mining. The closing time of fractures and separations is also prolonged and provides good conditions for gas drainage. The distant penetration borehole for draining pressure relief gas is proposed which can ensure effective gas drainage and reduce the number of rock laneways. However, with the continuous mining of a large area, the igneous rock could suddenly break, instantly releasing a tremendous amount of elastic strain energy, which will easily induce the occurrence of complex dynamic disasters, such as rock bursts, water inrush, gas outbursts, and surface subsidence. Based on the cause analysis of dynamic disasters, a reasonable goaf filling height is proposed for fully eliminating mine disasters under the special geological condition. 相似文献
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断裂构造对利民矿井煤与瓦斯突出的控制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
阐述了断裂构造对煤与瓦斯突出的控制和不同构造部位瓦斯突出的差异性。因煤层围岩性质的不同，地质构造的差异，瓦斯突出的地段和危险性也不一样。主控断裂的作用形成了不同的构造应力分区，从而导致瓦斯不同程度地聚积与泄散，决定着煤与瓦斯突出的强度、密度的分区分带性。这些研究成果对利民矿井各采区瓦斯突出危险性的预测，具有现实意义。 相似文献
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Coal and gas outburst hazard in Zonguldak Coal Basin of Turkey,and association with geological parameters 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Coal and gas outbursts have been a major geological hazard to underground coal mining for over 150 years and continue to cause serious problems in all over the world. In order to have a better understanding of the phenomenon, it is worthwhile making a historical review of the occurrences and a combat of the events. Many investigations and researches have been done to characterize and prevent the outburst occurrences in the worldwide, but there has been no detailed investigation about coal and gas outburst occurrences in Turkey. This paper presents the outburst data of coal mines in Turkey since 1969. Based on the observation of outburst occurrence in Turkey in the period from 1969 to 2012 as well as mining and geological conditions, detailed analysis of the possible causes of outburst accidents is conducted. The influences of some geological parameters such as the depth of occurrence, thickness and inclination of coal seams, the amount of ejected material (coal and gas), and tectonic disturbances on coal and gas outburst occurrences have been statistically investigated. The outburst occurrences throughout the world were reviewed and compared with the Turkish outburst experiences. Suggestions are put forward on future studies that could be of interest to government agencies regarding strategic policies, proper technical management practice, identification of outburst-prone coal seams, as well as prevention and control measures. 相似文献
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根据实测平煤五矿己15煤层瓦斯含量和压力结果,从力能角度分析了地应力、瓦斯和煤强度对煤与瓦斯突出的影响,发现己四采区己15煤层受地应力作用,煤体弹性潜能远大于瓦斯膨胀能,即以构造应力为主的地应力为其突出最主要的影响因素;结合己四采区地质因素和己15煤层瓦斯可解吸量,确定该采区煤与瓦斯突出危险区的下限指标为原煤瓦斯含量达到5.4 m3/t,绝对瓦斯压力为0.79 MPa,该下限指标对应的煤层底板标高为–600 m。因此预测–600 m标高以浅为无突出危险区,–600 m以深为突出危险区。 相似文献
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Gas outburst disasters and the mining technology of key protective seam in coal seam group in the Huainan coalfield 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Coal and gas outburst disasters in coal seams are becoming more serious as coal mines extend deeper underground in China. To aid gas control in high-gas outburst coal seam group, this study performed research based on the geological conditions of the Xinzhuangzi coal mine in the Huainan coalfield. The laws of gas occurrence, the strength of the coal outburst, and the regional partition were studied. Simultaneously, we introduced the key protective seam mining technology and confirmed the mining sequence of coal seam groups. The results indicate that (1) each seam absorbs gas well, and the currently measured gas content is up to 15.0 m3/t. (2) Although some differences about coal seams outburst intensity remain, the differences in the same group are very small. (3) The coal seam B10 was chosen as the key protective seam and was mined first; then adjacent seams were mined from bottom to top by layer within the roof of B10 and from top-to-bottom within the floor of B10 to guarantee each adjacent coal seam received the good effects of pressure-relief and increasing permeability. (4) The main methods of gas extraction in each protected seam are surface boreholes and net-like penetrating boreholes in the floor roadway, and related technical parameters were determined according to the degree of pressure-relief in coal seam. This in situ experiment indicates a method aiding the gas control problem and guaranteeing safe and highly efficient exploitation of high-gas outburst seams. 相似文献
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