共查询到10条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
黑河干流浅层地下水与地表水相互转化的水化学特征 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
通过分析黑河干流地表水与地下水的水化学特征,识别沿黑河干流不同地带地下水与地表水的相互转化关系.研究结果表明:(1)在祁连山区,地下水与地表水的转化以地下水向河流排泄为主.(2)南部盆地,在山前戈壁带,出山河水入渗转化为地下水;溢出带地下水以泉的形式转化为地表水;进入细土平原后,汛期河水补给地下水,非汛期地下水补给河水;在农灌区引河水通过田间入渗补给地下水.(3)北部盆地,在金塔灌区,地下水主要接受引水灌溉入渗补给;在金塔灌区到额济纳旗,河流入渗转化为地下水. 相似文献
2.
A multi-method approach to quantify groundwater/surface water-interactions in the semi-arid Hailiutu River basin,northwest China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Identification and quantification of groundwater and surface-water interactions provide important scientific insights for managing groundwater and surface-water conjunctively. This is especially relevant in semi-arid areas where groundwater is often the main source to feed river discharge and to maintain groundwater dependent ecosystems. Multiple field measurements were taken in the semi-arid Bulang sub-catchment, part of the Hailiutu River basin in northwest China, to identify and quantify groundwater and surface-water interactions. Measurements of groundwater levels and stream stages for a 1-year investigation period indicate continuous groundwater discharge to the river. Temperature measurements of stream water, streambed deposits at different depths, and groundwater confirm the upward flow of groundwater to the stream during all seasons. Results of a tracer-based hydrograph separation exercise reveal that, even during heavy rainfall events, groundwater contributes much more to the increased stream discharge than direct surface runoff. Spatially distributed groundwater seepage along the stream was estimated using mass balance equations with electrical conductivity measurements during a constant salt injection experiment. Calculated groundwater seepage rates showed surprisingly large spatial variations for a relatively homogeneous sandy aquifer. 相似文献
3.
Wei Xu Xiaosi Su Zhenxue Dai Fengtian Yang Pucheng Zhu Yong Huang 《Hydrogeology Journal》2017,25(7):2015-2029
Environmental tracers (such as major ions, stable and radiogenic isotopes, and heat) monitored in natural waters provide valuable information for understanding the processes of river–groundwater interactions in arid areas. An integrated framework is presented for interpreting multi-tracer data (major ions, stable isotopes (2H, 18O), the radioactive isotope 222Rn, and heat) for delineating the river–groundwater interactions in Nalenggele River basin, northwest China. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were undertaken to estimate the bidirectional water exchange associated with small-scale interactions between groundwater and surface water. Along the river stretch, groundwater and river water exchange readily. From the high mountain zone to the alluvial fan, groundwater discharge to the river is detected by tracer methods and end-member mixing models, but the river has also been identified as a losing river using discharge measurements, i.e. discharge is bidirectional. On the delta-front of the alluvial fan and in the alluvial plain, in the downstream area, the characteristics of total dissolved solids values, 222Rn concentrations and δ18O values in the surface water, and patterns derived from a heat-tracing method, indicate that groundwater discharges into the river. With the environmental tracers, the processes of river–groundwater interaction have been identified in detail for better understanding of overall hydrogeological processes and of the impacts on water allocation policies. 相似文献
4.
Groundwater level and chemistry changes resulting from tunnel construction near Matsumoto City, Japan 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Before tunnel construction began, the groundwater chemical compositions and levels around the tunnel were studied to determine
if water compositions could predict whether surface water will be influenced by tunnel construction. When the chemical composition
of the well and springwater was similar to that of the tunnel seepage water, and the altitude of the well and spring was above
the tunnel level, the groundwater level in the well and spring was influenced by draining tunnel seepage water. Therefore,
comparing the chemical compositions of surface water and groundwater may be used for predictive purposes. However, the results
of this study showed there was no noticeable chemical composition change in springwater prior to changes in groundwater level
at a particular site. The changes in the hydrology of the plateau caused by tunnel construction were also studied, using measurements
of the changes in groundwater chemistry as well as changes in groundwater levels. Prior to tunnel construction, river discharge
was greater. Following tunnel construction, some river discharge decreased because springwater was drained as tunnel seepage
water and the spring in the catchment dried up. Tritium concentration indicated that 3 years after tunnel construction, surface
water did not reach tunnel levels in spite of groundwater level lowering and remaining unconfined groundwater being drained.
Received: 17 January 1996 · Accepted: 10 July 1996 相似文献
5.
塔里木河干流河道水均衡模型研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对河道水面蒸发量、渗漏量、漫溢量的分析,建立了以月为单位的塔里木河干流河道水均衡模型.该模型以阿拉尔来水量为输入,输出包括干流主要水文站点的水量、各河段的蒸发量、渗漏量、漫溢量等.利用1981—1995年逐月的水文资料进行了模型参数率定,以1996—2000年的水文资料进行了模型验证,结果表明模型具有较好的适应性.利用该模型分析塔里木河干流水资源转化消耗的规律,得出河道漫溢尤其是中游的漫溢是塔里木河干流主要的水量消耗.考虑堤防建设对模型进行了修正,并利用修正后的水均衡模型分析了堤防建设的影响. 相似文献
6.
黑河中上游段河道渗漏量计算方法的试验研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
通过河道断面法对黑河中上游河段河道渗漏量进行了比测试验,结果表明:河床岩性组成、河流平面几何形态变化以及人类活动对输水方式的改变等对河道渗漏量影响显著.黑河实施全流域调水前后河道渗漏量发生显著的跳跃性变化,莺落峡至312桥区间河道渗漏量调水前为1.2543×108 m3,调水后为4.3747×108 m3,调水后较调水前河道渗漏量增加3.1203×108 m3;河道流量越小其相应损失率愈大,河道流量越大,其相应损失率愈小,由此得出各河段不同流量单位河长的损失率服从倒数函数分布.研究结果是在黑河中上游实体河道上进行上下断面流量比测试验的基础上得出的,符合该河段的实际情况,可作为黑河中游地表水、地下水转化分析、地下水流系统模拟、流域水资源重复利用、水量调度计算各种模拟模型验证河道渗漏量的基础资料. 相似文献
7.
8.
松嫩平原地下水流动模式的环境同位素标记 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用同位素水文学方法并结合传统水文地质方法,识别松嫩平原地下水流动模式。氢氧稳定同位素和地下水年龄分布表明该区地下水流动系统流动模式呈现出局部流、中间流和区域流系统。地下水中氚分布深度指示局部水流系统为现代水循环系统,以垂向运动为主要特征,循环深度一般小于50 m,山前区可达100m以下;区域流系统存在于深部承压含水层,以侧向水平径流为主要运动特征。松辽边界附近的环境同位素特征存在明显的差别,指示天然状态下可视为零通量边界。同位素示踪剂也反映出嫩江和地下水的相互作用关系,在齐齐哈尔以北,江水补给地下水;在齐齐哈尔以南,地下水向嫩江排泄。 相似文献
9.
本研究首次应用分布式光纤测温技术,监测张掖市临泽县平川段的黑河河床表面温度与河水温度,确定了该时段黑河中游湿地临泽平川段的地表水地下水转换情况。分布式光纤测温系统温度分辨率为0.01℃,采样间距为0.25m,时间间隔为4min。通过对全长550m的河床表面温度与河水温度连续监测,分析该区段温度场动态,发现试验区河段河流受地下水补给,有地下水溢出带。通过河床表面温度与河水温度、环境温度的对比,清楚反映了该河段温度异常带的分布与变化规律,明确了地下水溢出带的位置与地下水溢出强度。 相似文献
10.
David J. Allen W. George Darling Daren C. Gooddy Daniel J. Lapworth Andrew J. Newell Ann T. Williams Debbie Allen Corinna Abesser 《Hydrogeology Journal》2010,18(5):1125-1141
Understanding the processes controlling groundwater/surface-water interaction is essential for effective resource management and for protecting sensitive ecosystems. Through intensive monitoring of Chalk groundwater, shallow gravel groundwater and surface water in the River Lambourn, UK, using a combination of hydrochemical and hydrophysical techniques, a complex pattern of interactions has been elucidated. The river is broadly in hydraulic contact with the streambed sediments and adjacent gravels and sands, but these deposits are mainly hydraulically separate from the underlying Chalk at the site. The hydraulic relationship between the river and underlying alluvium is variable, involving components of groundwater flow both parallel and transverse to the river and with both effluent and influent behaviour seen. While the gravel aquifer is significant in controlling groundwater/surface-water interaction, its importance as a route for flow down the catchment is likely to be modest compared with river discharge. The hydrological complexity revealed in a geological setting typical of lowland UK Chalk streams has implications both for investigation methods and for management such as in the setting of environmental objectives in the European Water Framework Directive. 相似文献