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1.
准噶尔西北缘前陆冲断带三叠纪-侏罗纪逆冲断裂活动的沉积响应 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
笔者从冲断活动的产物———各种成因扇体(冲积扇、水下扇、扇三角洲)出发,由160口单井剖面、15条联井剖面、8个层位平面渐次展开了准噶尔西北缘前陆冲断带三叠—侏罗纪逆冲断裂活动的沉积响应研究。三叠纪扇体在乌尔禾—夏子街地区发育叠置程度最好,T1b到T3b,其由盆内向盆缘老山方向退缩迁移明显,并具T1b到T2k1由盆缘向盆内、T2k2到T3b由盆内向盆缘迁移的2个进退波动变化。侏罗纪扇体在八道湾组最为发育,总体叠置关系较差,J1b到J2t,均呈由盆内向盆缘老山退缩沉积的退覆式迁移特征。三叠纪到侏罗纪,总体为由强到弱的退覆式冲断活动及扇体迁移模式,即随主要同生控扇断裂分布由盆缘向老山方向退缩迁移,冲断活动强度由盆缘向盆地方向逐渐减弱直至停息;相应地,各期扇体平面上分布规模渐小,总体呈由盆内向盆缘老山退缩迁移的沉积响应,两者耦合性良好。各类扇体的沉积分布受不同时期同生断裂活动的严格控制,其时空叠置及迁移规律的差异是红山嘴—车排子、克拉玛依—百口泉及乌尔禾—夏子街各构造带冲断作用地域性及作用强度差异性的沉积响应。进而引入“活动性指数”的概念与方法,对前陆冲断带同生断裂的冲断活动强度进行了定量化统计分析,并根据冲断推覆事件的地层、沉积标识划分出T1b-T3b、J1b-J2x、J2t三套构造层序,识别出三叠—侏罗纪的3个逆冲推覆幕、6次逆冲推覆事件。 相似文献
2.
准噶尔盆地西北缘扇体形成演化与扇体油气藏勘探 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14
准噶尔盆地西北缘广泛发育二叠纪-侏罗纪冲积扇、水下扇、扇三角洲等砾质粗碎屑沉积,其形成演化严格受不同时期活动的同生断裂控制.二叠纪以乌尔禾组扇体最为发育,呈由盆缘向盆地方向逐渐增强的前展式推覆冲断及渐进式扇体迁移响应模式.三叠纪-侏罗纪以百口泉组、克拉玛依组扇体最为发育,呈由盆内向盆缘方向逐渐减弱的退覆式冲断活动及后退式扇体迁移响应模式.已知扇体油气藏主要富集于水下扇扇根及扇中、扇三角洲平原及前缘4个亚相带,及二叠系佳木河组、乌尔禾组、三叠系百口泉组、克拉玛依组、侏罗系八道湾组、头屯河组6个层位.二叠-三叠纪扇体含油层多、规模大、储量丰度高,侏罗纪扇体反之.受断裂、不整合、岩相岩性、物性4种因素控制,扇体主要形成断块、地层不整合及构造岩性油气藏.断阶带及扇根-扇中相带主要发育构造(断块)油藏,为扇体与断层相配置的垂向运聚成藏模式;斜坡区及扇中-扇缘相带主要发育岩性油藏,为扇体与不整合相配置的侧向运聚成藏模式.西北缘扇体成藏条件好,探明程度总体较低,剩余资源潜力大,进而指出了七大有利勘探区块和方向. 相似文献
3.
前陆冲断带构造分段特征--以准噶尔盆地西北缘断裂构造带为例 总被引：57，自引：2，他引：55
前陆冲断带普遍具有构造分段的特点。横断层、侧断坡与斜断坡常是构造分段的边界 ,它们起着运动方向、变形速率、构造样式与成因机制转换的作用。准噶尔西北缘前陆冲断带是古生代晚期—中生代早期发展起来的大型冲断推覆系统 ,南自车排子 ,北至夏子街、红旗坝的大型断裂带为其冲断前锋断裂。由于形成时间、活动方式与受力条件等出现变化 ,车排子—夏子街断裂带被北西向的横断层分割为构造样式与地质结构截然不同的三段 ,南段为红山嘴—车排子断裂带 ,构成车排子断隆的东部逆冲边界 ;中段为具压扭性质的克拉玛依—百口泉断裂带 ;北段为具冲断推覆性质的乌尔禾—夏子街断裂带。中生代晚期—新生代以来该前陆冲断带被稳定埋藏 ,构造分段是导致含油气性差异的主要原因 相似文献
4.
乌夏前陆冲断带二叠系构造层序特征、沉积相特征及断裂特征研究表明,二叠纪乌夏地区系受到推覆体严格控制的周缘前陆盆地,主要发育水下扇-扇三角洲-冲积扇-湖泊沉积体系,其中扇体发育代表了最典型的沉积特征.受海西运动晚期的影响,构造演化经历了强烈俯冲碰撞造山期、弱冲断夹短暂伸展火山期和强烈冲断复活期3个阶段,并形成了众多走向不同却又彼此相互切割叠加的逆冲断裂,影响了地层的沉积与剥蚀,控制了断裂带的形成和演化.由早至晚扇体由山前向盆内呈前展式夹短暂退覆式叠置迁移,相应地,二叠纪以北东东向断裂为主,并从山前向盆地方向依次发育,其间夹杂短暂后展式发育,构造活动强度逐渐由西向东、由北向南迁移,因此,绝大多数同生断裂控制了扇体的沉积边界和分布,部分控制了其厚度和发育方向,扇体的迁移与控扇断裂的活动迁移具有很好的吻合性,断裂活动是控制乌夏地区沉积的主要因素. 相似文献
5.
试论龙门山逆冲推覆作用的沉积响应─—以成都盆地为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文根据现今龙门山前陆盆地（成都盆地）沉积特征和龙门山冲断带第四纪以来的逆冲推覆事件，研究了龙门山逆冲推覆作用对成都盆地沉积的控制作用和成都盆地沉积对龙门山逆冲推覆作用的响应，总结了龙门山冲断带逆冲推覆作用的沉积响应模式和地层标识，为研究龙门山冲断带地质演化提供了新的思路和方法。 相似文献
6.
准噶尔盆地乌夏前陆冲断带构造活动—沉积响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过研究乌夏前陆冲断带二叠系构造层序特征、沉积相特征、断裂特征及最具断裂构造活动指向性的扇体发育特征,认为二叠纪构造演化受海西运动晚期的影响经历了强烈俯冲碰撞造山期、弱冲断夹短暂伸展火山期和强烈冲断复活期三个阶段,并形成了众多走向不同却又彼此相互切割叠加的逆冲断裂,影响着地层的沉积与剥蚀,控制着断裂带和扇体的形成和演化。结果表明由早至晚扇体由山前向盆内呈前展式夹短暂退覆式叠置迁移特点,相应地,二叠纪以形成北东向和北东东向断裂为主,并从山前向盆地方向依次发育,其间夹杂短暂的后展式发育,构造活动强度逐渐由北西向南东方向迁移。因此,绝大多数同生断裂控制了扇体的沉积边界和分布,部分控制了其厚度和发育方向,扇体的迁移与控扇断裂的活动迁移具有很好的吻合性,断裂活动是控制乌夏地区沉积的主要因素。结果表明:二叠纪时期乌夏地区主要发育水下扇—扇三角洲—冲积扇—湖泊沉积体系,从下至上经历了饥饿深水阶段、复理石阶段和磨拉石阶段构造,其中扇体发育代表了最典型的沉积特征。 相似文献
7.
位于准噶尔盆地西北缘前陆冲断带北段的哈拉阿拉特山,以往认为是一个典型的逆冲推覆构造带。笔者通过野外地质调查和对地震与大地电磁测深(MT)资料的综合解释研究,发现该区总体表现出走滑—冲断复合构造特征。其形成受控于达尔布特断裂在不同时期不同性质的活动,主要经历了两个阶段:二叠-三叠纪是以逆冲推覆为主兼具走滑的斜向冲断,形成该区以逆冲推覆构造为主要特征的走滑—冲断构造;侏罗纪以来主要以左行压扭走滑变形为主,沿达尔布特断裂变形强烈,形成花状构造,并在一定程度上改造了前期形成的逆冲推覆构造,但强度较弱。因此,目前在哈拉阿拉特山地区所见到的构造现象实际上是二叠纪至三叠纪斜向冲断和侏罗纪以来的压扭走滑两期构造变形的叠加样式,总体构成走滑—冲断复合构造。这一地质构造模型的建立对地震解释具有指导作用,同时指出逆冲推覆构造下盘的隐伏背斜未经后期走滑改造,是油气勘探的重要方向。 相似文献
8.
研究表明，龙门山冲断带是川西前陆盆地的主要物源区，它的逆冲推覆活动直接控制着川西前陆盆地的沉积类型和沉积物供给量，晚三叠世诺利期，瑞替期和晚侏罗世早中期是川西前陆盆地构造沉降速率较高时期，反映龙门山冲断带在这些时期的逆冲推覆速率较大，是逆冲推覆作用构造抬升的强烈时期；而早侏罗世是该地区构造沉降时，估算龙门山逆冲推覆体在各个不同时期的抬升高度和抬升速率。 相似文献
9.
中国西天山南缘盆山构造转换解析 总被引：15，自引：4，他引：11
在西天山南缘,天山造山带向塔里木盆地北缘的盆山过渡,是以前陆褶皱冲断构造形式向库车一拜城前陆盆地渐变,表现为一系列褶皱冲断组合的构造样式。根据独库公路南段构造变形分析,可组合成６个部分：库尔干一铁力买提达坂根带褶皱系、南天山南缘逆冲断裂带、前陆逆冲推覆构造带、前陆双冲褶皱构造带、前陆隐伏逆冲前缘构造带、沙雅一轮台前缘叠加变形构造带。前陆盆地的发展可以划分为晚二叠一早三叠世、中三叠世一侏罗纪、白垩一 相似文献
10.
塔里木盆地西南缘山前带逆冲推覆构造特征 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
塔里木盆地西南缘山前带是西昆仑逆冲推覆构造在前陆形成的冲断带,主要由断层相关褶皱、双重构造、叠瓦状构造、三角带等构造组成。通过地表构造剖面、地震与非震资料的综合解释与研究,结合平衡剖面的正演方法,对该冲断带进行了几何学、运动学与动力学研究,对冲断带断层的扩展方式以及冲断时代进行了讨论。研究认为塔西南逆冲推覆构造具有"南北分带、东西分段以及垂向结构变异"的特点。自南向北分为逆冲推覆的根带、中带、锋带和反冲断裂带,由西向东可以划分为帕米尔弧形构造段、齐姆根弧形构造段、甫沙-克里阳三角带构造段与和田南逆冲推覆体构造段。冲断带在垂向结构上由三套区域性滑脱层划分为浅构造层次的外来系统断坡背斜、中构造层次的准原地系统双重构造、三角带构造以及深构造层次的原地系统弱变形带三层结构。冲断席内断层的扩展方式为前展式,而不同冲断席间则为后展式模式。冲断带自中新世中期开始形成,中新世末发生位移推覆,上新世—早更新世定型,中更新世—全新世隆升均衡调整。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献