共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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苏锡常地区GIS与地下水开采及地面沉降模型系统集成分析 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
本文以ＧＩＳ为主控模块,选择美国国防部开发的地下水运动模拟模型系统和美国Ｄ．Ｃ．ＨＨｅｌｍ、Ｓ．Ａ、Ｌｅａｋ等入开发的地面沉降模拟模型系统,进行苏锡常地区ＧＩＳ与地下水运动必地面沉降模拟模型系统集成分析和设计。 相似文献
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１９９７年批准实施的ＩＧＣＰ项目ＩＧＣＰ３７３项：欧亚含矿火成岩系统的对比、剖析与岩浆－水热演化申请者：Ｒ．Ｓｅｌｔｍａｎｎ（德国）、Ｒ．Ｇｒｏｕｃｈ（美国）、Ａ．Ａ．Ｋｒｅｍｅｎｅｔｓｋｙ（俄罗斯）该项目将研究酸性火成岩系统（包括侵入岩和喷出岩）的... 相似文献
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介绍了地下水模拟信息系统软件（ＣＣＲＩ－ＧＷＭＩＳ１．０）设计思想。该软件运行于中文ＷＩＮＤＯＷＳ９５中,具有数据输入、自动剖分、Ｋｒｉｇｉｎｇ插值等前处理功能,可以进行二维潜水和承压水、三维潜水和承压水数学模型的有限元模拟,有限元计算结果可以直接用ＤＸＦ格式文件表达,界面友好,操作方便。 相似文献
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生态网络专家会议在西班牙召开由国际地圈生物圈计划（ＩＧＢＰ）、全球陆地观测系统（ＧＴＯＳ）和全球气候观测系统（ＧＣＯＳ）联合召开的“生态网络专家会议”（ＭｅｅｔｉｎｇｏｆＥｘｐｅｒｔｓＦｒｏｍＥｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＮｅｔｗｏｒｋｓ）于１９９７年６月１７... 相似文献
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分析了几种网络计算模式的特点,针对客户机／服务器模式设计了一个地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）访问数据库的结构框架———客户端分为ＧＩＳ功能层和数据库请求层两层,服务器存放数据,并将此结构与ＥＳＲＩ公司的空间数据库引擎（ＳＤＥ）作了对比;通过比较几种数据库访问的程序实现方式,认为ＯＤＢＣＡＰＩ在开放性方面是良好的．最后给出的ＭＡＰＧＩＳ实例表明：采用上述设计思路的应用系统不但利用了原有ＭＡＰＧＩＳ的研究成果,实现了ＧＩＳ访问网络数据库的功能,而且还具有良好的开放性． 相似文献
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多源图象处理与分析系统（ＭＳＩＭＡＧＥＳ）是地理信息系统（ＭＡＰＧＩＳ）的一个子系统．阐述了多源图象处理与分析系统的设计思想、原则、结构的选择,介绍了系统功能的分类和系统平台的选择,分析了图象系统所涉及的文件类型及其功用． 相似文献
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应用ArcView GIS建立我国地质灾害空间信息管理系统？… 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
地理信息系统是一种空间信息管理系统,它依托计算机系统,集地球空间数据采集,存储,地理位置显示,检索,分析,模型于一体,是研究空间对象的理想工具本文依据美国ＥＳＲＩ公司开发的桌面ＧＩＳ系统－Ａｒｃ Ｖｉｅｗ ＧＩＳ的原理与方法,阐了建立我国地质空间信息管理系统的方法、步骤以及在Ａｒｃ Ｖｉｅｗ ＧＩＳ的支持下,系统的开发和扩展,以推动我国利用信息技术研究地质灾害,达到防灾减灾的目的。 相似文献
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ＭＡＰＧＩＳ系统不仅是一个ＧＩＳ基础软件,而且是用户开发面向具体领域的ＧＩＳ的工具,在分析对比ＧＩＳ空间模型的基础上,从空间实体模型分析、二次开发函数库软件结构设计、函数的功能分类、的实现几个方面。 相似文献
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Prediction of ground subsidence in Samcheok City,Korea using artificial neural networks and GIS 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
This study shows the construction of a hazard map for presumptive ground subsidence around abandoned underground coal mines
(AUCMs) at Samcheok City in Korea using an artificial neural network, with a geographic information system (GIS). To evaluate
the factors governing ground subsidence, an image database was constructed from a topographical map, geological map, mining
tunnel map, global positioning system (GPS) data, land use map, digital elevation model (DEM) data, and borehole data. An
attribute database was also constructed by employing field investigations and reinforcement working reports for the existing
ground subsidence areas at the study site. Seven major factors controlling ground subsidence were determined from the probability
analysis of the existing ground subsidence area. Depth of drift from the mining tunnel map, DEM and slope gradient obtained
from the topographical map, groundwater level and permeability from borehole data, geology and land use. These factors were
employed by with artificial neural networks to analyze ground subsidence hazard. Each factor’s weight was determined by the
back-propagation training method. Then the ground subsidence hazard indices were calculated using the trained back-propagation
weights, and the ground subsidence hazard map was created by GIS. Ground subsidence locations were used to verify results
of the ground subsidence hazard map and the verification results showed 96.06% accuracy. The verification results exhibited
sufficient agreement between the presumptive hazard map and the existing data on ground subsidence area.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
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Fadi Chaaban Hanan Darwishe Barbara Louche Yvonne Battiau-Queney Eric Masson Jamal El Khattabi Erick Carlier 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(1):183-193
The use of geographic information system (GIS) minimizes the effort and improves the efficiency of numerical models. The GIS
provides a platform for high capacity collection, management, manipulation, analysis, modeling and display of spatial data.
The conceptual model is created using GIS objects including points, arcs and polygons so that it can accurately represent
real world condition. According to the research problem, the geographical model is based on Hypergraph Based Data Structure
method, and a conceptual data model has been created from which a physical data model was elaborated in ArcGIS9.3 platform.
The groundwater modeling system (GMS) provides a powerful tool for hydrodynamics modeling and it is able to solve complex
problems such as the groundwater flow and seawater intrusion. The sand-dune system of Hardelot-Plage (North of France) suffers
from a lack of well-developed foredune. This problem is linked to the almost constant saturation of beach sand which is the
potential source of dune nourishment. In the south of Hardelot, the coastline is slowly, but constantly retreating. To remedy
this situation, a coupling between a GIS and GMS was adopted, in order to find the possible scenarios which could lower the
piezometric surface in the concerned area and allow dune nourishment again. The GMS used supports the Modflow-2000 code. A
direct approach to designing Modflow finite difference model is tedious and less intuitive, specifically for complex boundary
and initial conditions. Therefore, a Modflow model can be developed either using a grid or conceptual model approach. The
preparation of input data modeling is tedious and takes a long time. The model created in GMS was calibrated against the historical
and observed water level data for 1995–2006. Then a hydrodispersive model (MT3d code in GMS) was launched for evaluating sea-water
intrusion. The model was run to generate groundwater and salt concentration scenario during pumping tests. 相似文献
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Hazard maps of ground subsidence around abandoned underground coal mines (AUCMs) in Samcheok, Korea, were constructed using fuzzy ensemble techniques and a geographical information system (GIS). To evaluate the factors related to ground subsidence, a spatial database was constructed from topographic, geologic, mine tunnel, land use, groundwater, and ground subsidence maps. Spatial data, topography, geology, and various ground-engineering data for the subsidence area were collected and compiled in a database for mapping ground-subsidence hazard (GSH). The subsidence area was randomly split 70/30 for training and validation of the models. The relationships between the detected ground-subsidence area and the factors were identified and quantified by frequency ratio (FR), logistic regression (LR) and artificial neural network (ANN) models. The relationships were used as factor ratings in the overlay analysis to create ground-subsidence hazard indexes and maps. The three GSH maps were then used as new input factors and integrated using fuzzy-ensemble methods to make better hazard maps. All of the hazard maps were validated by comparison with known subsidence areas that were not used directly in the analysis. As the result, the ensemble model was found to be more effective in terms of prediction accuracy than the individual model. 相似文献
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Sensitivity analysis for the GIS-based mapping of the ground subsidence hazard near abandoned underground coal mines 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
Ground subsidence around abandoned underground coal mines can cause much loss of life and property. We analyze factors that
can affect ground subsidence around abandoned mines in Jeongahm in Kangwon-do by sensitivity analysis in geographic information
system (GIS). Spatial data for the subsidence area, topography and geology and various ground engineering data were collected
and used to make a factor raster database for a ground subsidence hazard map. To determine the importance of extracted subsidence-related
factors, frequency ratio model and sensitivity analysis were employed. Sensitivity analysis is a method for comparing the
combined effects of all factors except one. Sensitivity analysis and its verification showed that using all factors provided
91.61% accuracy. The best accuracy was achieved by not considering the groundwater depth (92.77%) and the worst by not considering
the lineament (85.42%). The results show that the distance from the lineament and the distance from the drift highly affected
the occurrence of ground subsidence, and the groundwater depth, land use and rock mass rating had the least effects. Thus,
we determined causes of ground subsidence in the study area and this information could help in the prediction of ground subsidence
in other areas. 相似文献
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本文介绍了基于MIS和GIS的国内外地下水数值模拟模型的发展.以北京市为研究区,在分析研究区自然地理、水文地质和应用需求基础上,提出采用浏览器/服务器(B/S)与客户机/服务器(C/S)体系结构相结合的方式,建设地下水基础信息库,将研究区概化为非均质各向同性三维非稳定地下水流系统;提出采用"稳定+相对静态+动态"的思路,找到信息系统与地下水流模型输入文件之间的数据接口,通过建立MODFLOW程序的输入文件建立水流数值模型,实现将地下水流模型与信息系统集成,探索地下水数值模拟一体化平台建设和应用. 相似文献
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GIS-based spatial and temporal prediction system development for regional land subsidence hazard mitigation 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
An integrated GIS-based approach for establishing a spatial and temporal prediction system for groundwater flow and land subsidence is proposed and applied to a subsidence-progressed Japanese coastal plain. Various kinds of fundamental data relating to groundwater flow and land subsidence are digitized and entered into a GIS database. A surface water hydrological cycle simulation is performed using a GIS spatial data operation for the entire plain, and the spatial and temporal groundwater infiltration quantity is hereby obtained. Through the data transformation from the GIS database to a groundwater flow code (MODFLOW), a 3D groundwater flow model is established and unsteady groundwater flow simulation for the past 21 years is conducted with results which compare satisfactorily with observed results. Finally, a Visual Basic code is developed for land subsidence calculations considering aquifer and aquitard deformation. Future land subsidence in the plain is predicted assuming different water pumping scenarios, and the results provide important information for land subsidence mitigation decision-making. 相似文献