共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
2.
我国球粘土应成为独立矿种，湖沼球粘土中含“内胶体”的自生高岭石是生物有机质作用造成，水云母、I-M间层粘土矿物及有机质会增加可塑性、粘结性及干燥强度，钾、钠的增加可降低烧结温度。沉积球粘土与残积成因高岭石为无序或较无序，古生代煤系高岭石为有序和高度有序，岩浆热液成因的高岭石常为有序或高度有序；北方古生代软质粘土（紫矸）为规模较大、较为均匀稳定的高度有序高岭石，应积极开发。硬水铝石岩溶铝土矿应属于生物有机质成矿作用的沉积型铝土矿。 相似文献
3.
4.
论高岭石粘土和铝土矿研究的新进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
过去我国地质界向前苏联学习,把球粘土(Ballclay)作为高岭土或耐火粘土的一个变种,使我们找矿走入误区,以致后来从美国进口球粘土。其实球粘土的结晶性质这个内在因素与高岭土或耐火粘土常不相同,则派生的性能更不一样,应成为独立的矿种,还可与国际接轨。又过去国内外学者认为高岭石高度有序为热液型的,而沉积型的为无序高岭石。但笔者等的研究,我国高岭石高度有序而规模大且均匀稳定的,应算沉积型的紫矸(古生代高岭石软质粘土),可以作流动性好的造纸涂料。又我国硬水铝石岩溶铝土矿,应属于生物有机质成矿作用的沉积型铝土矿。 相似文献
5.
6.
大量研究证实成壤磁铁矿和磁赤铁矿是黄土-红粘土磁化率变化主要原因,但是对这些磁性矿物起源于无机沉淀还是生物作用尚需深入研究.为此,本文选择黄土高原200余米厚的西峰黄土-红粘土序列为主要研究对象,采用化学分析和透射电镜手段,对其中有机质含量和磁性矿物成因进行研究,结果表明:S5以来的沉积层有机质含量相对较高,集中在0.25％ ～0.50％之间,有机质含量变化与黄土和古土壤层磁化率变化基本一致,即有机质高值对应磁化率高值,有机质与磁化率值成正相关;S5以下至午城黄土底部不仅有机质含量降低而且变化幅度减小;红粘土沉积层中,虽然不能完全遵循磁化率高值对应有机质高值,但基本符合峰-峰和谷-谷对应规律.有机质和磁化率的相关性以及透射电镜研究表明,生物成因磁性矿物是风尘序列磁化率变化的主要原因,有机质含量高低反映风尘序列成壤过程中生物地球化学强度变化,生物将磁化率和古气候密切联系起来.黄土和红粘土磁化率古气候意义相似,但是由于黄土和红粘土形成于不同气候背景下,不能仅仅利用二者磁化率大小对比反演古气候,利用表土磁化率重建古气候要考虑气候载体形成的气候背景差异. 相似文献
7.
我国耐火材料用粘土由软质及半软质（古生代）耐火粘土原矿向（新生代）球粘土原矿及水洗或深加工的球粘土、高岭土及（古生代）耐火粘土发展。目前国内以广西南宁地区球粘土为最好的耐火材料用结合粘土。 相似文献
8.
粘土矿物对有机质生烃的催化作用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
烃源岩的有机质主要以有机粘土复合体的形式存在。有机质生烃是一种有机粘土化学反应。反应过程中,有机质与粘土之间存在质子和电子迁移,粘土通过对水分子的吸附和离解为有机质加氢裂解提供H+,而有机质生成的有机酸激活了粘土的催化活性,也为蒙皂石伊利石化反应创造了条件。烃源岩不同粘土矿物的选择性催化特征是影响油气组成的最重要因素。粘土的催化活性大小和发育时间是决定烃源岩生烃潜力大小的因素。由于烃源岩在蒙皂石伊利石化阶段具有最大的催化活性,而且与有机质生烃反应同步,因此富含伊$蒙混合层的烃源岩是世界含油气盆地的最有利烃源岩。不同地质时期的烃类地质储量与烃源岩膨胀性粘土的丰度有密切关系。 相似文献
9.
用有机粘土化学研究生油理论 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
有机粘土化学反应是自然界广泛存在的一种具有重要意义的反应。有机粘土化学因得到广泛应用和发展而被认为是２１世纪的科学。沉积物中的有机质绝大部分以粘土－有机质复合体形成存在。粘土吸附有机质是促使有机质富集和沉积的最重要因素。 相似文献
10.
11.
V. I. Stepanenko 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2016,467(2):337-340
Investigation of the distribution of basalts, dolerites, and tuffs in the Kanin–Timan–Pechora large igneous province was completed by generalization of data of geological surveys and analysis of the data of deep drilling. The province appears like a nonisometric ellipse and extends northwestward for a distance of nearly 850 km at the width of 250–500 km. Its area is nearly 285 000 km2. The area of the volcanic rocks is about 85 500 km2. The volume of eruptive material alone could be equal to 1000–1200 km3. The age of formation of the traps corresponds to the late period of activity of the process and was less than 7 mln. y. The formation of the province was result of the action of short-lived and low intensity plumes. But it was one of the episodes of the Late Devonian superplume event in the East European platform. The province is separated by an amagmatic area from neighboring magmatic provinces of the same age. The distance between borders of the provinces is 200–400 km. 相似文献
12.
13.
Many metallic ore deposits of the Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary periods are distributed in the Gyeongsang Basin. Previous and newly analyzed sulfur isotope data of 309 sulfide samples from 56 ore deposits were reviewed to discuss the genetic characteristics in relation to granitoid rocks. The metallogenic provinces of the Gyeongsang Basin are divided into the Au–Ag(–Cu–Pb–Zn) province in the western basin where the sedimentary rocks of the Shindong and Hayang groups are distributed, Pb–Zn(–Au–Ag–Cu), Cu–Pb–Zn(–Au–Ag), and Fe–W(–Mo) province in the central basin where the volcanic rocks of the Yucheon Group are dominant, and Cu(–Mo–W–Fe) province in the southeastern basin where both sedimentary rocks of the Hayang Group and Tertiary volcanic rocks are present. Average sulfur isotope compositions of the ore deposits show high tendencies ranging from 2.2 to 11.7‰ (average 5.4‰) in the Pb–Zn(–Au–Ag–Cu) province, ?0.7 to 11.5‰ (average 4.6‰) in the Cu–Pb–Zn(–Au–Ag) province, and 3.7 to 11.4‰ (average 7.5‰) in the Fe–W(–Mo) province in relation to magnetite‐series granitoids, whereas they are low in the Au–Ag(–Cu–Pb–Zn) province in relation to ilmenite‐series granitoids, ranging from ?2.9 to 5.7‰ (average 1.7‰). In the Cu(–Mo–W–Fe) province δ34S values are intermediate ranging from 0.3 to 7.7‰ (average 3.6‰) and locally high δ34S values are likely attributable to sulfur derived from the Tertiary volcanic rocks during hydrothermal alteration through faults commonly developed in this region. Magma originated by the partial melting of the 34S‐enriched oceanic plate intruded into the volcanic rocks and formed magnetite‐series granitoids in the central basin, which contributed to high δ34S values of the metallic deposits. Conversely, ilmenite‐series granitoids were formed by assimilation of sedimentary rocks rich in organic sulfur that influenced the low δ34S values of the deposits in the western and southeastern provinces. 相似文献
14.
Two distinct crustal provinces have been identified in the southern mid-continent based on U–Pb crystallization ages. Both
contain large volumes of undeformed granite and rhyolite, with minor amounts of metamorphic rock and mafic intrusions. The
Eastern Granite-Rhyolite province is characterized by felsic rocks with crystallization ages of 1,470 ± 30 Ma and exposures
are restricted to the St. Francois Mountains in southeastern Missouri. Similarly, the Southern Granite-Rhyolite (SGR) province
is characterized by felsic units with ages of 1,370 ± 30 Ma with primary exposures in the eastern Arbuckle Mountains of southern
Oklahoma. Within the SGR province three magmatic pulses can be identified starting at 1,400, 1,370, and 1,340 Ma. Although
the crystallization ages are different, the Sm–Nd isotopic signatures are similar for the units exposed in these areas as
well as the buried basement in between. Depleted mantle model ages for rocks within the Arbuckle Mountains range from 1,530
to 1,430 Ma with ɛNd(t) values of +3.2 to +4.1 while units of the St. Francois Mountains range from 1,550 to 1,430 Ma and +4.5 to +4.7. Comparison
of Sm–Nd isotopic data also indicate similarities between the 147Sm/144Nd and 143Nd/144Nd ratios for the rock units in these areas suggesting a common source. 相似文献
15.
Based on geomorphologic and hydrogeologic characteristics of its territory, Lebanon is divided into three provinces: the West Lebanon province, the Bekaa province, and the East Anti-Lebanon province. These provinces are subdivided into smaller hydrogeologic units, the basins and subbasins. Significant features used in the subdivision are faults, relief, anticlinal axes, river channels, and water divides. Recharge to groundwater is a percentage of the intake area, the percipitation rate over this area, and the infiltration rate of outcropping rocks. The amounts of recharged water over the three provinces are 1609, 914, and 19 Mm3, respectively. Discharge is surface water from springs and water wells along the Lebanese coast. The discharge from the Lebanese rivers exceeds 3700 Mm3/year, an appreciable amount of which comes from natural springs. The quantity of groundwater pumped by wells or flowing into neighboring countries and to the sea as submarine springs, may exceed 800 Mm3/year. 相似文献
16.
Yung-Tan LEE Ju-Chin CHEN Jyh-Yi SHIH Kung-Suan HO Huai-Jen YANG Meng-Lung LIN Yen-Tsui HU Ching-Hsing CHIU 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(1):102-117
Cenozoic（Miocene to Pleistocene） basaltic rocks in Jiangsu province of eastern China include olivine tholeiite and alkali basalt.We present major,trace element and Sr-Nd isotopic data as well as Ar-Ar dating of these basalts to discuss the petrogenesis of the basalts and identify the geological processes beneath the study area.On the basis of chemical compisitions and Ar-Ar dating of Cenonoic basaltic rocks from Jiangsu province,we suggest that these basalts may belong to the same magmatic system.The alkali basalts found in Jiangsu province have higherΣFeO,MgO,CaO,Na2O, TiO2 and P2O5 and incompatible elements,but lower Al2O3 and compatible elements contents than olivine tholeiite which may be caused by fractional crystallization of olivine,pyroxene and minor plagioclase.In Jiangsu basaltic rocks the incompatible elements increase with decreasing MgO/ΣFeO ratios.The primitive mantle-normalized incompatible elements and chondrite-normalized REE patterns of basaltic rocks found in Jiangsu province are similar to those of OIB.Partial loss of the mantle lithosphere accompanied by rising of asthenospheric mantle may accelerate the generation of the basaltic magma.The 143Nd/144Nd vs.87Sr/86Sr plot indicates a mixing of a depleted asthenospheric mantle source and an EMI component in the study area.According to Shaw’s equation,the basalts from Jiangsu province may be formed by l%-5%partial melting of a depleted asthenospheric mantle source.On the basis of Ar-Ar ages of this study and the fractional crystallization model proposed by Brooks and Nielsen（1982）,we suggest that basalts from Jiangsu province may belong to a magmatic system with JF-2 as the primitive magma which has undergone fractional crystallization and evolved progressively to produce other types of basalts. 相似文献
17.
Strontium isotopic data for megacrysts and lavas from six eruptive centers within the Newer Basalts province of southeastern Australia show that megacrysts of clinopyroxene are in isotopic equilibrium with associated basalts, but that megacrysts of kaersutite, ferrokaersutite, orthopyroxene and anorthoclase may exhibit slight disequilibrium with their host basalts. Furthermore, the anorthoclase megacrysts may be either more or less radiogenic than their hosts. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios for 14 basalts from throughout the province vary from 0.7035 to 0.7045 and it is proposed that anorthoclase, amphibole and orthopyroxene megacrysts which crystallized in isotopic equilibrium with one magma may have been caught up in a pulse of a later magma of a different isotopic composition. The variations in the 87Sr/86Sr ratios for the basalts are attributed to variations in the isotopic composition of their source regions. Such isotopic heterogeneity is supported by published data for ultramafic xenoliths which occur in the Newer Basalts lavas. 相似文献
18.
河南省地热资源类型按照所处的大地构造环境分为沉积盆地型和隆起山地型。计算结果表明,沉积盆地区4 000 m以浅储存的地热水总量为82 063.23×10~8 m~3,储存热能总量为7 734 086.01×10~(12) kJ。不考虑回灌时,全省沉积盆地型地热可采流体量为92 223.93×10~4 m~3/a,可利用热能量196.6×10~(12) kJ/a;考虑回灌时,全省沉积盆地型地热流体可开采量5 931 841.92×10~4 m~3/a,可利用热能量为13 003.47×10~(12) kJ/a。统计分析显示,按地热流体可采量为92 223.93×10~4 m~3/a、地热流体可开采热量196.46×10~(12) kJ/a计算,即使按50%利用,其经济效益也是十分可观的。另外,地热开发可带动第三产业经济的发展,产生的间接经济效益更加巨大。 相似文献
19.
Groundwater quality in five catchment areas in Isfahan province of Iran is assessed by measuring physicochemical parameters including major cation and anion compositions, pH, total dissolved solid, electrical conductivity and total hardness. For this purpose, 567 piezometric well samples were collected in October 2007. The abundance of major ions in four of the catchment areas including Gavkhuni, Ardestan, Salt lake and Central Iran desert basins is similar and follows Cl??>?SO4 2??>?Na+?>?HCO3 ??>?Ca2+?>?Mg2+?>?K+?>?CO3 2? trend, while in the fifth basin (Karoon), the trend changes into HCO3 ??>?Ca2+?>?Cl??>?SO4 2??>?Mg2+?>?Na+?>?K+?>CO3 2?. In general, four water facies are determined and it is shown that alkali elements and strong acids are dominating over alkaline earth and weak acids. Statistical analysis including Mann?CWhitney U test indicate that physicochemical parameters in three of the five investigated basins [Gavkhuni, Ardestan and Central Iran desert (CID)] are similar, while Karoon and salt lake basins display different characteristics. The result indicate that groundwater west of the province is suitable for irrigation, while in the central and eastern parts of the province the groundwater loses its quality for this purpose. It is concluded that mineral dissolution and evapotranspiration are the main processes that determine major ion compositions. 相似文献
20.
40Ar-39Ar analyses of one alkali pyroxenite whole rock and two phlogopite separates of calcite carbonatites from the Sung Valley
carbonatite-alkaline complex, which is believed to be a part of the Rajmahal-Bengal-Sylhet (RBS) flood basalt province, yielded
indistinguishable plateau ages of 108.8 ± 2.0Ma, 106.4 ± 1.3Ma and 107.5 ± 1.4Ma, respectively. The weighted mean of these
ages, 107.2 ± 0.8 Ma, is the time of emplacement of this complex. This implies that Sung Valley complex and probably other
such complexes in the Assam-Meghalaya Plateau postdate the main flood basalt event (i.e., the eruption of tholeiites) in the
RBS province by ∼10Ma. 相似文献