共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
黔中开阳地区在震旦纪陡山沱期全球成磷事件的大背景下,发育了厚度较大的富磷矿层。通过岩石薄片观察、地层对比与划分及沉积相分析等手段,探讨黔中开阳地区震旦纪陡山沱期磷矿床沉积特征与成矿模式。结果表明:(1)开阳地区陡山沱期处于黔中古陆北缘的磷质海岸环境,磷矿层中分布最广泛、品位最高的矿石类型为砂屑磷块岩,为富磷沉积物在沉积、成岩过程中遭受多期次冲刷破碎、暴露淋滤及堆积胶结的产物。(2)开阳地区古地理环境和动荡的海水条件控制了磷矿的沉积和高品位矿石的分布,洋水、永温等地在震旦纪陡山沱期所处的海水深度适中的临滨带为成矿优势地带,而水体过浅的前滨带和过深的远滨带均不利于磷质的聚集和成矿。(3)开阳地区动态磷矿床成矿模式表明,陡山沱期海平面的频繁进退使临滨带已沉积的磷块岩遭受多期次的冲蚀、暴露、淋滤、胶结及磷质再沉积作用;通过物理分选作用和风化淋滤作用最终使磷质聚集,是研究区富磷矿形成的主要原因。 相似文献
2.
贵州开阳以东磷矿整装勘查区位处扬子陆块东南边缘,是中国富磷矿最集中分布区。通过对开阳磷矿沉积学、岩石学、地层学和古地理学综合研究认为,开阳地区磷矿成矿受黔中古陆长期剥蚀夷平形成的无障壁海岸的海滩环境控制,高品位磷块岩矿石岩相组合特征、矿物学特征和沉积规律指示了开阳磷矿动态“三阶段成矿作用”过程(即原始生物—化学成磷作用、波浪簸选(机械)成矿作用和暴露淋滤成矿作用),波浪簸选成矿作用是形成厚度大、品位高富磷矿床的主导因素。按照“三位一体”成矿地质理论,确定了以沿黔中古陆北缘开阔海滩相层状展布的磷矿体展布特征,建立了区域成矿模式和地质找矿预测模型,并圈定临滨带为富磷矿重点预测靶区,开展找矿预测。通过产—学—研联合攻关,实现了磷矿理论创新,突破了该区原有磷矿找矿理论瓶颈,成矿范围从250km2增至1000km2,预测资源量从0.9442×108t增至13×108t。通过部分区块的工程验证,获得估算磷矿资源量(推断量+预测量)5.4892×108t,尤其新增富磷矿3.57×108t,取得中国富磷矿找矿重大突破。 相似文献
3.
息烽磷矿是贵州地区震旦纪陡山沱期磷矿的重要组成部分,以矿层厚、品位高、断裂构造发育、叠层石丰富而独具特色。通过对矿床地质特征及矿床地球化学特征综合研究认为,从陡山沱组底到顶气候经历温湿—干热—湿热变化,海平面对应经历了海进—海退—海进,其内的磷块岩和磷质岩是在热水沉积作用、生物作用和正常海水沉积作用等共同作用下形成于前滨—临滨环境。综合以上,反演息烽陡山沱期成矿过程,发现矿床经历了“海进—海退—海进”三阶段成矿,在陡山沱早期海进阶段形成下矿层,随后的海退阶段和海进阶段形成上矿层。空间上,2矿层之间夹白云岩,且交于靠黔中古陆一侧,当第2次海进越过第1次海进的前滨—临滨位置后,只形成上矿层,是开阳、息烽磷矿床1层矿体形成的对应部位。瓮福磷矿床有2层矿体,对应处于经历了“三阶段成矿”的前滨—临滨部位,且瓮福磷矿成矿时的位置高程明显低于息烽磷矿、息烽磷矿略低于开阳磷矿,通过岩性特征对比,与实际基本吻合。因此,在对陡山沱期的磷矿进行成矿预测和找矿勘查中,与息烽磷矿床相似的黔中及附近区域的动态前滨—临滨环境,均为磷矿床的找矿靶区,利用“三阶段成矿”形成相交的2矿层特点,可高效对已知矿床、矿化点和前滨—临滨带周围进行成矿预测。 相似文献
4.
息烽磷矿是贵州地区震旦纪陡山沱期磷矿的重要组成部分,以矿层厚、品位高、断裂构造发育、叠层石丰富而独具特色。通过对矿床地质特征及矿床地球化学特征综合研究认为,从陡山沱组底到顶气候经历温湿—干热—湿热变化,海平面对应经历了海进—海退—海进,其内的磷块岩和磷质岩是在热水沉积作用、生物作用和正常海水沉积作用等共同作用下形成于前滨—临滨环境。综合以上,反演息烽陡山沱期成矿过程,发现矿床经历了“海进—海退—海进”三阶段成矿,在陡山沱早期海进阶段形成下矿层,随后的海退阶段和海进阶段形成上矿层。空间上,2矿层之间夹白云岩,且交于靠黔中古陆一侧,当第2次海进越过第1次海进的前滨—临滨位置后,只形成上矿层,是开阳、息烽磷矿床1层矿体形成的对应部位。瓮福磷矿床有2层矿体,对应处于经历了“三阶段成矿”的前滨—临滨部位,且瓮福磷矿成矿时的位置高程明显低于息烽磷矿、息烽磷矿略低于开阳磷矿,通过岩性特征对比,与实际基本吻合。因此,在对陡山沱期的磷矿进行成矿预测和找矿勘查中,与息烽磷矿床相似的黔中及附近区域的动态前滨—临滨环境,均为磷矿床的找矿靶区,利用“三阶段成矿”形成相交的2矿层特点,可高效对已知矿床、矿化点和前滨—临滨带周围进行成矿预测。 相似文献
5.
海州式磷矿床地质特征及其成矿模式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
海州式磷矿成矿物质有多种来源。磷元素在地壳发展过程中，随着磷矿成矿作用不同阶段物化条件等改变而变化，将成矿划分为沉积、变质及改造三阶段。中元古代早期海州群锦屏组，肥东群双山 ，宿松群柳坪组和虎踏石组及红安群七角山组下段为其“源”，磷块岩形成后，由于变质、混合岩化交代和风化淋滤作用，使磷质活化，在一定的空间富集成矿。 相似文献
6.
磷元素在地壳发展过程中,随磷矿成矿作用一同阶段物化条件改变面变化。将成矿划分为沉积,变质及改造三阶段。成矿时代为中元古代早期。由沉积,变质,混合岩化交代和风化淋滤作用,使磷质活化,在一定空间富集成矿。 相似文献
7.
磷矿的沉积和成矿与成磷期的古地理环境密切相关。本文首次将“单因素分析多因素综合作图法”运用于开阳地区震旦纪陡山沱期沉积型磷矿床的成矿分析和找矿预测上。通过选取陡山沱组及其各岩性段的地层厚度及磷矿层品位作为单因素,确定开阳地区古地理格局;结合地层岩性组合、沉积特征等多因素综合分析,恢复开阳地区成矿期沉积环境,编制陡山沱早期、中期和晚期岩相古地理图。根据定量岩相古地理重建结果,认为开阳地区陡山沱期整体处于南靠黔中古陆、地势南高北低、局部地形复杂的滨岸海滩沉积环境,其中临滨带为最有利成矿带,局部地形变化也会造成矿层厚度、品位的差异;矿层受到的水流冲蚀、暴露、淋滤及再沉积作用是导致矿石品位显著提升的关键因素。通过定量岩相古地理学精确还原成矿期古地理环境、解析多期次沉积成矿过程,对于确定磷矿控矿因素、构建找矿预测模型和预测矿体空间位置具有重要意义。 相似文献
8.
9.
贵州开阳磷矿以其厚而富的磷矿石资源备受关注。对开阳龙水地区含磷岩系(洋水组)剖面进行地层学、岩石学和沉积学研究,并讨论其沉积环境和成磷作用。区内含磷岩系岩性组合为黏土岩-白云岩-碎屑状磷块岩-硅质岩-泥晶磷块岩-叠层石磷块岩。龙水地区在震旦纪陡山沱期整体为靠近古陆边缘的滨岸潮坪沉积环境,并经历了2次海侵-海退。其沉积环境由初期的无障壁海滩转变为晚期的潮坪环境,表明陡山沱期古海洋处于较为动荡的环境,海平面升降频繁。富含生物化石的致密状泥晶磷块岩、圆柱状叠层石磷块岩和磷质生物团粒,均属于原生磷块岩。三者磷酸盐含量极高,属于高品位磷块岩,其形成环境可能是弱酸性至弱碱性的浅海陆棚。生物与高品位磷块岩的密切关系说明生物在高品位磷块岩形成过程中起重要作用。其形成具有3个必要条件: 海水富磷,生物大量繁殖,有利于生物繁殖及磷酸盐结晶的沉积环境。 相似文献
10.
龙门山中段产出有泥盆系沙窝子组的什邡式磷矿、寒武系筇竹寺组清平式磷矿、震旦系观音崖组陡梯子式磷矿,三类矿床处于同一大地构造位置,地质特征既有区别也有相同之处。本文通过对三类矿床地质特征、矿床成因分析,探讨地质特征异同的原因,建立磷矿成矿序列,认为三类矿床各自既有原生同沉积特征,又有继承前期矿产或含磷层作为矿物源的特征,继承前期矿产越多,矿床越丰富,具递进成矿富集规律。同时早期矿床成矿作用较单一,后期矿床具有多期成矿、叠加成矿特征。成矿序列为：海水磷质生物、化学沉积-机械搬运簸选早期成矿-风化剥蚀、表生淋滤-再次机械搬运-海进沉积再造。 相似文献
11.
Enrichment mechanism of phosphorite deposits and significant breakthrough in “Triunity Model”for ore prospecting in the Sinian Doushantuo Formation of eastern Kaiyang region,Guizhou Province 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Liu Jian-Zhong Wang Ze-Peng Du Yuan-Sheng Zhang Ya-Guan Wu Wen-Ming Chen Guo-Yong Fu Zhi-Kang Wan Da-Xue Wang Da-Fu Tan Dai-Wei 《古地理学报》1999,22(5):913-928
Package exploration area in the eastern Kaiyang region is located at the southeastern margin of the Yangtze block,which is the concentrated distribution area of high-grade phosphorite deposits in China. The comprehensive studies of sedimentology,petrology,stratigraphy and palaeogeography in Doushantuo phosphorite ore-bed of the Kaiyang region show that the phosphorite deposits were controlled by the open shallow coastal sedimentary environment formed by denudation and deplanation of the Central Guizhou Oldland. Phosphorite lithofacies associations,mineralogical features and sedimentary structures indicate that the phosphorites had experienced “three stages of mineralization process”in the Kaiyang region: The first pristine bio-chemical phosphogenesis stage,the second winnowing and reworking stage and the last exposure and leaching stage. The winnowing and reworking processes are the key mechanism to the formation of the thick and high-grade phosphorite. According to the “Triunity Model”metallogenic theory,the research team confirmed the bedded distribution along the open phosphatic shore in the north of the Qianzhong Oldland,constructed the metallogenic model and ore prospecting model,and determined that the shoreface is the major target area of high-grade phosphorite ore. The research team have achieved the innovation of phosphorite metallogenic theory and broke through the bottleneck of phosphorite deposits exploration by cooperating of industry-university-research,and the metallogenic range was expand from 250km2 to 1000km2 and quantity of predicted resources increased from 94.42megatons to 1.3 giga-tons. The prospection verification in the part of areas estimated the ore resources of phosphorite deposits(Inferred and predicted resources) of 548.92 megatons,especially the newly added high-grade phosphorites 357 megatons,achieving significant breakthrough of ore prediction of high-grade phosphorites in China. 相似文献
12.
Late Cretaceous epicontinental phosphorites, porcelanites/cherts, dark-coloured shales, glauconitic sandstones and bioclastic and fine-grained carbonate rocks in Egypt are examined in terms of their overall depositional and diagenetic framework and stable isotopic and organic geochemical characteristics. Two main depositional realms are interpreted and correlated through sequence stratigraphic analysis: (1) a shallow hemipelagic environment accompanying initial stages of marine transgression and conducive to the formation of organic carbon-rich shales, biosiliceous sediments and thick phosphorites, and (2) a relatively high energy depositional regime accompanying sea-level fall during which deltas advanced, glauconites were reworked seaward and prograding oyster banks became periodically exposed to episodes of fresh water diagenesis, thereby promoting solution-collapse phenomena in associated cherts. Lenticular to massive phosphorites are viewed as the result of current winnowing and concentration of authigenic grains initially precipitated in associated reducing shales and biosiliceous sediments. In eastern Egypt the phosphorites form winnowed lag layers, some of which may have been redeposited down slope in structural lows. In the west, these sands were concentrated into giant phosphorite sand waves built by reworking of penecontemporaneously deposited phosphatic muds during marine transgression. Carbon isotopic results substantiate interpretations from modern deposits for limitation of phosphate mineral precipitation with depth in sediments as a result of lattice poisoning. However, direct desorption of phosphorus to pore waters from detrital iron-oxyhydroxide phases also may have been important in the Cretaceous setting, the iron reduced in this process being available for incorporation in glauconites. The main locus for authigenic glauconite precipitation appears to be where iron fluxes from regions of lateritic weathering were highest and near the boundary between oxygenated and reduced waters. This study suggests a model for the common coexistence of glauconites and phosphorites in the geological record. Although upwelling is often advocated as the origin of nearly all giant phosphorite deposits, we suggest that some of these may have been strongly influenced by fluvially derived phosphorus borne on particulates and desorbed from these compounds upon flocculation and/or reduction in bottom waters or pore waters. 相似文献
13.
在上扬子地台早寒武纪梅树村期,沉积了许多大型磷块岩矿床。贵州寒武系底部磷块岩发育,是我国重要含磷层位。贵州寒武系底部磷矿的研究历史比较悠久,研究方向主要还是集中于含磷物质来源以及磷块岩成因方面的研究。前者主要解决的是磷质来源与磷质赋存问题,但对于磷矿的就位问题研究较少。因此,对于磷矿控矿规律及含磷岩系沉积微相等有待深入。在总结前人研究的的基础上,对贵州织金-清镇一带寒武系底部含磷岩系进行大量的野外调查、剖面测试以及地质资料总结分析。认为清镇地区处于潮下低能泻湖环境,以条带状磷块岩和条带状磷质硅质岩为特征;织金戈仲伍一线,属于潮间-潮下高能沉积环境,沉积碎屑状磷块岩为主,局部沉积小壳生物磷块岩;织金熊家场浅滩和生物滩发育,属于潮上沉积环境。另外通过钻孔资料分析,发现织金地区寒武系底部磷块岩厚度变化很大,主要受灯影组顶部古喀斯特不整合面控制,滨岸磷质碎屑受沿岸海流的改造,搬运至古喀斯特洼地地区堆积,形成较厚度的碎屑状磷块岩。古喀斯特高地地区,受滨岸海流影响,沉积的磷块岩较薄,因此,建立织金寒武系磷块岩成矿控矿模式。该研究对贵州寒武系底部磷矿找矿预测工作有一定的理论和实际意义。 相似文献
14.
贵州瓮安陡山沱组磷块岩为碳酸盐岩型含磷岩系,属于浅海碳酸盐岩台地沉积区。对瓮安磷矿大塘剖面进行沉积环境研究,将Marinoan冰期后沉积的陡山沱组地层分为6个向上变浅的沉积序列。瓮安含磷岩系大部分为多旋回的叠置体,其常见的交错层理、波状层理、透镜状层理等表明了磷块岩形成于水体较浅的高能环境。南沱冰期后,陡山沱期剧烈的海侵作用引发上升洋流,携带富磷海水涌入浅水区,在海平面间歇性波动的条件下,为磷块岩的形成提供了物源与动力条件。 相似文献
15.
Phosphogenesis of phosphorite from the Sinian Doushantuo Formation in Guizhou Province and its coupling relation with the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Phosphate deposits of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation accumulated in the central Guizhou Province are the typical phosphate-rich sediments during the Neoproterozoic Phosphogenic Episodes,which occurred after the “Snowball Earth”period and Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event. However,the mechanisms of phosphate enrichment in seawater have always been hotly debated,and the research for correlations between phosphogenesis and transition of Ediacaran palaeo-ocean environments is still unsubstantial. This study focused on the sedimentological,petrological,mineralogical and geochemical analyses on the Doushantuo pristine phosphorite in Weng'an,Zunyi and Danzhai area. Documented by spherulitic phosphorites in the Lower Phosphorite beds from Weng'an area that contain abundant autogenetic Fe-bearing minerals such as pyrite and glauconite and show weak Ce negative anomaly,Fe-redox pumping in low-oxygen environments are the important phosphogenesis mechanism but only limited in coastal waters in the Early Doushantuo Period. Phosphorite in the Upper Phosphorite beds deposited within organic-rich beds and contain massive biological fossils suggests that phosphogenesis might have been triggered by degradation of organic matter and biological action in the Late Doushantuo Period,and distribution of phosphatic sediments extended to the deeper shelf to slope setting. Obvious Ce negative anomaly implies the increase of oxygen content in seawater. The transition of phosphogenesis mechanisms and the expansion of phosphorite deposits are the sedimentary response of ocean oxygenation,and the associated evolution of metazoans also changed the redox conditions of the deep seawater. These sedimentary and geochemistry data reflect the closed coupling relation between Doushantuo phosphorite in Guizhou Province and the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event. 相似文献
16.
新元古代末期历经“雪球地球”和大气、海洋增氧事件后,发生了全球性成磷事件,贵州省震旦系陡山沱组大规模磷矿床沉积是本次成磷事件的典型代表。然而现阶段对贵州陡山沱组磷块岩成磷作用机制研究存在诸多争议,成磷事件与同期古海洋环境转变之间的关联研究也较为薄弱。作者以贵州省瓮安、遵义和丹寨地区陡山沱组原生磷块岩为研究对象开展的沉积学、岩石学、矿物学和地球化学特征研究表明: 陡山沱早期成磷作用被限制在浅水海岸,瓮安地区A矿层球粒磷块岩中大量的含铁自生矿物黄铁矿、海绿石以及无Ce负异常指示的贫氧沉积水体环境均表明,Fe-氧化还原泵成磷模式在富磷过程中发挥了重要作用;陡山沱晚期磷块岩分布扩散至较深水陆棚—斜坡沉积相区,磷块岩与富有机质岩层共生,矿物晶体形态特征与矿石内富含的大量生物化石均表明,有机质沉降聚磷作用和生物成磷作用促使磷块岩大量沉积,较明显的Ce负异常值也指示了海水氧气含量的提升。成磷作用模式的转变和磷块岩分布的扩展是对海洋增氧事件的沉积响应,同时造成的多细胞动物演化也影响了深部水体的氧化还原状态,进而反映了贵州省陡山沱组磷块岩大规模沉积与新元古代末期氧化事件(NOE)密切的耦合关系。 相似文献
17.
沉积磷块岩结构类型、成因及成矿阶段 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
磷块岩的岩石类型和成矿阶段划分是磷块岩研究的一项基础性工作,早在50年代后期,叶连俊等人就对磷块岩及其分类进行过研究[1],随着沉积学的发展,尤其是近年来碳酸盐岩研究的进展,磷块岩岩石学研究也有了一些新的突破。磷块岩分类从矿体形态(层状、透镜状、结核状)、大地构造(地台型、地槽型)等分类走向了结构成因分类。在这方面,工作较多,较系统的有美国的S.R.Riggs和法国的M.S1ansky[9][10]。我国的孙枢、陈其英、赵东旭[2][3]及孟祥化[4]、周茂基[5]、东野[6]等人也先后对磷块岩的结构成因类型进行过研究。这些研究给磷块岩的分类奠定了一个很好的基础。 相似文献
18.
Douglas W. Waples 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1982,16(2):135-160
Phosphorus-bearing rocks and sediments can be divided into two genetically distinct classes: phosphatic shales or limestones and phosphorites. Phosphatic shales are primary sediments in which phosphate nodules or micronodules have formed diagenetically by precipitation of calcium phosphates derived mainly from organic phosphorus. The nodules form in reducing environments at shallow depths within the sediments, where loss of phosphate by diffusion to the overlying water column is minimized. Highly biogenic sediments containing large amounts of organic matter and some fine clastic debris provide ideal environments for the formation of phosphate nodules.Phosphorites, in contrast, represent concentrated accumulations of reworked phosphate nodules which originated in phosphatic shales or limestones. Currents, wave action, recrystallization, and erosion and resedimentation are important mechanisms in the concentration process.Phosphatic shales and limestones may become excellent oil source rocks if thermal maturity is achieved. They are useful facies indicators for anoxic or nearly anoxic depositional environments, and are often associated with restricted basins, or, during certain geologic periods, with broad shelves developed during transgressions. Phosphorites, in contrast, are often correlated with sea-level regressions or uplifts. They are modest source rocks because of their low organic carbon contents and the fact that they were reworked under oxidizing conditions. Nevertheless, because phosphorites are derived from, and often grade into, phosphatic shales, they also are of potential utility in the search for oil source beds. 相似文献