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1.
针对西藏多龙矿集区尕尔勤铜金矿床多光谱遥感蚀变分带矿物提取问题,在分析该区典型矿物波谱曲线的基础上,基于ASTER和L8_OLI多光谱数据采用MTMF和主成分分析方法对研究区蚀变分带矿物信息进行了提取。结果表明:(1)用MTMF方法可将Al-OH矿物细分为白云母和白云母+高岭石/蒙脱石;(2)尕尔勤铜金矿多光谱遥感地表蚀变分带矿物(组合)由内而外为:白云母→白云母+高岭石/蒙脱石→绿帘石,分别对应于斑岩型铜金矿的绢英岩化带→绢英岩化+泥化带→青磐岩化带。多光谱遥感地表蚀变分带特征对该区斑岩型铜金矿地面勘查和部署工作提供了重要的遥感线索。 相似文献
2.
《地球学报》2017,(5)
本文以铁格隆南(荣那矿段)高硫化浅成低温热液矿床和斯弄多低硫化浅成低温热液矿床为研究对象,运用短波红外技术快速厘定了上述两个矿床的蚀变矿物类型及组合特征,构建了基于短波红外勘查技术的找矿模型。研究发现:铁格隆南矿床(荣那矿段)的蚀变矿物垂向分带组合为:高岭石→高岭石+(地开石+明矾石)→高岭石+明矾石+(地开石)→高岭石+地开石+明矾石。由于高硫化浅成低温热液交代黄铁绢英岩化带的斑岩型矿体,致使上部矿石中还有少量交代残余的绢云母;斯弄多低硫化浅成低温热液矿床的蚀变矿物垂向分布为:白(绢)云母+(钠云母)→白(绢)云母+钠云母+(伊利石)→白(绢)云母+钠云母+蒙脱石+伊利石→白(绢)云母+钠白云母+蒙脱石+伊利石,其中顶部白(绢)云母是后期黑云母花岗斑岩蚀变所产生,本身与成矿无关;矿体主要赋存在伊利石+蒙脱石带,随着蒙脱石被伊利石化,矿体也逐渐尖灭。 相似文献
3.
高硫-低硫化浅成低温热液矿床的短波红外矿物分布特征及找矿模型 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文以铁格隆南(荣那矿段)高硫化浅成低温热液矿床和斯弄多低硫化浅成低温热液矿床为研究对象, 运用短波红外技术快速厘定了上述两个矿床的蚀变矿物类型及组合特征, 构建了基于短波红外勘查技术的找矿模型。研究发现: 铁格隆南矿床(荣那矿段)的蚀变矿物垂向分带组合为: 高岭石→高岭石+(地开石+明矾石)→高岭石+明矾石+(地开石)→高岭石+地开石+明矾石。由于高硫化浅成低温热液交代黄铁绢英岩化带的斑岩型矿体, 致使上部矿石中还有少量交代残余的绢云母; 斯弄多低硫化浅成低温热液矿床的蚀变矿物垂向分布为: 白(绢)云母+(钠云母)→白(绢)云母+钠云母+(伊利石)→白(绢)云母+钠云母+蒙脱石+伊利石→白(绢)云母+钠白云母+蒙脱石+伊利石, 其中顶部白(绢)云母是后期黑云母花岗斑岩蚀变所产生, 本身与成矿无关; 矿体主要赋存在伊利石+蒙脱石带, 随着蒙脱石被伊利石化, 矿体也逐渐尖灭。 相似文献
4.
金厂金矿18号矿体围岩蚀变发育顺序从早到晚为:钾化、硅化、绿泥石化、绢云母化、碳酸盐化、高蛉土化,从内往外依次发育青磐岩化带、绢英岩化带和钾化带.矿化出现在泥化和绢英岩化叠加处,以及泥化和青磐岩化叠加处.通过短波红外光谱测试技术,识别出本矿区有26种蚀交矿物,其中白云母含量与金矿体呈正相关,说明绢云母化与金矿化关系密切;青磐岩化带蚀变矿物组合为绿泥石+绿帘石+伊利石±埃洛石±蒙脱石±石英;钾化带蚀变矿物组合为钾长石+高岭石+埃洛石±蒙脱石±石英;绢英岩化带蚀变矿物组合为绢云母+埃洛石±蒙脱石±高岭石±石英. 相似文献
5.
采用短波红外技术测量西藏多龙矿集区铁格隆南矿区地表岩石样本,发现蚀变矿物主要有绢云母和绿泥石,并在地表形成了一套从绢英岩化带-青磐岩化带的具有斑岩特点的蚀变矿物组合特征。通过测量地下ZK0804,ZK1604,ZK2404,ZK3204四个钻孔岩心的短波红外特征,发现钻孔岩心中存在大量明矾石、高岭石、地开石和绢云母,在东西向展布的过程中,绢云母数量及厚度明显增大,有继续向下延伸的趋势,说明矿体向深部逐渐从富含明矾石、地开石、高岭石的高硫、低温类型的矿物组合向绢英岩化带转变,并构成了规律的蚀变分带系统。根据地表、地下岩(矿)石的短波红外光谱特征及蚀变矿物分布趋势,构建了基于短波红外勘查技术的多龙矿集区斑岩-高硫浅成低温热液型铜(金)矿床找矿勘查模型,总结了从钾化带-绢英岩化带-泥化带-高级泥化带(明矾石-地开石-高岭石组合)-青磐岩化带的一套完整蚀变矿物组合及光谱特征。 相似文献
6.
紫金山矿田东南矿段铜钼矿床地处紫金山浅成低温热液型铜金矿床和罗卜岭斑岩型铜钼矿床之间。利用近红外光谱技术测试蚀变矿物特征,并结合地质填图、钻孔编录和岩矿鉴定等工作,划分出钾化带、绿泥石绢英岩化带、黄铁绢英岩化带、地开石硅化带、明矾石地开石硅化带等5个蚀变带。钻孔编录和镜下观察发现,金属矿物分为2个期次,生成顺序为磁铁矿-黄铁矿（第1期）→赤铁矿→辉钼矿-黄铜矿-斑铜矿-黄铁矿（第2期）→硫砷铜矿-蓝辉铜矿-铜篮。矿化类型与蚀变分带关系密切：以黄铜矿+斑铜矿+辉钼矿为主的Ⅱ号矿体产出于绿泥石绢英岩化带,与罗卜岭铜钼矿的蚀变矿化特征相似;以蓝辉铜矿+铜蓝交代黄铜矿+斑铜矿为主的Ⅳ号主矿体主要产出于地开石硅化带和明矾石地开石硅化带底部;以蓝辉铜矿+铜蓝+硫砷铜矿为主的Ⅴ号矿体产出于明矾石地开石硅化带,与紫金山铜金矿的蚀变矿化特征相似。明矾石温度分带显示具有罗卜岭斑岩和紫金山火山机构2个高温中心,中、低温混合明矾石化与Ⅳ号主矿体空间上呈显耦合关系。另外,Ⅳ号主矿体的云母矿物Al-OH吸收峰小于2205 nm。初步认为Ⅳ号主矿体是紫金山浅成低温热液叠加罗卜岭斑岩矿床外带所形成。 相似文献
7.
西藏铁格隆南浅成低温热液型-斑岩型Cu-Au矿床流体及地质特征研究 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：10
铁格隆南铜金矿床(荣那矿段)是在西藏班公湖_怒江成矿带上多龙矿集区内发现的青藏高原首例高硫化型浅成低温热液型Cu(Au)矿床。文章通过对铁格隆南铜金矿床金属矿物、蚀变矿物组合、蚀变分带及流体包裹体地球化学特征的研究,初步确定了矿床类型,探讨了矿床成因。铁格隆南矿区存在硫砷铜矿、铜蓝、蓝辉铜矿等典型的高硫化态矿物组合和黄铜矿、斑铜矿等斑岩型矿床的典型矿物,此外,还识别出久辉铜矿、斯硫铜蓝、吉硫铜矿等少见的Cu_S二元体系矿物组合。矿床蚀变矿物组合以典型的强酸性环境下的明矾石_高岭石_地开石等黏土矿物组合为特征,并见金红石、锐钛矿、硬石膏、磷锶铝石、叶蜡石、水铝石等特征蚀变矿物。蚀变分带特征为石英_明矾石_高岭石/地开石带和高岭石_地开石带组成的高级泥化带叠加在绢英岩化带和钾化带的顶部和外围。矿区存在高温、高盐度(404~430℃,32.39%~38.94%)的岩浆流体和中低温、低盐度(239~292℃,0.35%~4.18%)的高硫化型矿化流体。高温、高盐度富气相(主要是H2O、HCl、SO2)的岩浆流体与大气降水的混合,形成的强酸性高氧逸度的中低温、低盐度流体,是高硫化型浅成低温热液矿床蚀变和矿化形成的关键。多龙矿集区具有较典型的斑岩型_浅成低温热液成矿系统的矿物组合、蚀变组合及成矿流体特征,因此预测矿集区内还能找到类似的斑岩型_浅成低温热液型矿床。 相似文献
8.
不同斑岩铜矿的构造地质、成矿时代和控矿因素具有其特殊性, 所以需要针对具体的矿区开展地质调查以获取矿区标志性蚀变矿物组合信息, 从而利用遥感技术手段提取矿区蚀变信息, 确定找矿远景区.通过综合分析秘鲁南部斑岩铜矿地质特征、控矿因素, 确立了以泥化-绢英岩化和青磐岩化组合蚀变矿物带为遥感找矿指示标志, 并以ASTER数据为遥感数据源开展蚀变矿物信息提取技术研究, 结合已有矿区地质资料、高光谱影像和实地勘查结果, 验证了典型蚀变带矿物信息提取结果的可靠性, 另圈定了2处找矿远景区.在综合分析、梳理已有研究基础上, 构建了多光谱遥感找矿模式, 并在智利、阿根廷等其他多个斑岩铜矿区取得了较好的应用效果. 相似文献
9.
岗岔—克莫金矿区位于西秦岭北缘夏河—合作成矿带,具浅成低温热液型矿床特征,初步显示深部可能具有斑岩成矿系统存在。利用短波红外光谱矿物分析技术对岗岔—克莫金矿区蚀变岩特征的研究表明,矿区内发育的蚀变矿物主要有白云母、伊利石、蒙脱石、高岭石、地开石、绿泥石、绿帘石和次生石英等。近矿蚀变类型主要为绢英岩化。矿区内以下家门沟口为中心向外依次发育了中心带(绢英岩化带)、过渡带(泥化带)和外围带(青磐岩化带)。此外,伊利石结晶度以下家门沟口为中心向外具有明显的降低趋势。研究结果指示下家门沟口可能是矿区的热液活动中心。 相似文献
10.
蚀变矿物组合对热液型铀矿勘探具有重要的指示意义。相对于航空或航天成像光谱,地面成像光谱在小范围矿床尺度的蚀变精细识别方面更具优势。为研究江西相山铀矿化热液蚀变组合特征,利用HySpex地面成像光谱仪获取可见光-近红外-短波红外波段的钻孔岩心成像光谱数据,针对铀矿化的两种基本类型——水云母-萤石型和碱交代型,分别从蚀变单矿物和蚀变矿物组合两个角度分析和提取他们的诊断性光谱特征,建立了光谱识别标志。发现伊利石具有光谱多型特征,按特征波长位置分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型两类。水云母-萤石型铀矿化蚀变组合包含高岭石、高岭石+地开石、蒙脱石和Ⅰ型伊利石,碱交代型铀矿化蚀变组合包含绿泥石、碳酸盐、绿蒙混层、赤铁矿和Ⅱ型伊利石;基于光谱匹配模型和岩心填图结果对两类铀矿化段蚀变结构进行了分析,铀矿化中心由近及远分别具有蒙脱石→Ⅰ型伊利石→高岭石+地开石→高岭石和碳酸盐→赤铁矿+绿泥石→绿蒙混层→Ⅱ型伊利石的分布特征,均存在流体的叠置改造作用;通过岩心成像光谱编录及三维建模表明,两类伊利石具有空间上的上、下分带特点,这预示着两种铀矿化亦具有相似的空间分布特征。上述研究为相山地区进一步找矿勘探提供了一定参考。 相似文献
11.
Rabor exploration area is in southeast of Kerman province, south of Urumieh-Dokhtar volcanic belt. Since there are many evidences of porphyry copper mineralization in this belt, prospecting and exploration of the intact and undiscovered places, especially the southern part of this belt, seems necessary. In this paper, use has been made of the “spectral feature fitting” (SFF) method to process ASTER satellite data (in Rabor exploratory area as a case study) for the identification and enhancement of hydrothermal alteration zones related to probable porphyry copper mineralization. The method is based on the comparison of absorption features in the image and the reference spectra. The distribution map of the indicator clay minerals, such as kaolinite, muscovite, illite, montmorillonite, alunite, pyrophyllite, dickite, chlorite, and epidote in Rabor exploratory area has been prepared with the help of this method. Identification and enhancement of alteration zones and overlaying Pay-Negin ore index on every individual zone reveal the capability and high efficiency of the SFF method in processing ASTER satellite data and preparing the distribution map of alteration minerals. Field and laboratory studies have shown that main alterations in this area are phyllic and argillic. These studies confirm the results obtained from remote sensing in the area. 相似文献
12.
利用ASTER提取德兴斑岩铜矿遥感蚀变分带信息 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
在遥感光谱分析的基础上,结合德兴斑岩铜矿矿床地质特征,利用ASTER遥感数据提取了德兴斑岩铜矿的遥感蚀变分带信息.德兴斑岩铜矿蚀变分带根据蚀变矿物特征来分析,主要的蚀变矿物为白云母、伊利石、绿泥石、方解石、白云石;根据光谱特征,采用比值、斜率、相关吸收和主成分分析4种提取方法提取各蚀变矿物的信息,并采用叠加法对各蚀变矿物信息进行叠加,从而形成各个蚀变分带的遥感信息.各蚀变分带的遥感信息总体特征比较明显.最后,根据矿床成矿模式对蚀变分带信息进行了分析. 相似文献
13.
Visible near infrared and shortwave infrared (VNIR-SWIR, 350 to 2500 nm) reflectance spectra obtained from an analytical spectral device (ASD) have been used to define alteration zones adjacent to porphyry copper deposits (PCDs), in the central part of Kerman magmatic arc, SE Iran. The spectral analysis identified sericite, illite, halloysite, montmorillonite, dickite, kaolinite, pyrophyllite, biotite, chlorite, epidote, calcite, jarosite, and iron oxyhydroxides (e.g. hematite, goethite) of hydrothermal and supergene origin. Identified alteration zones are classified into six principal types namely phyllic, phyllic/propylitic, propylitic, potassic, argillic and advanced argillic. The iron oxide minerals in the oxidized zone were also identified using spectral analysis. Results of spectral analyses of samples are consistent with mineralogical data obtained from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and petrographic studies. Spectroscopic studies by ASD demonstrate that this tool is very useful for semi-quantitative and cost effective identification of different types of alteration mineral assemblages. Furthermore, it can provide a valuable tool for evaluating aerial distribution of alteration minerals while coupled with remote sensing data analysis. 相似文献
14.
Rosia Poieni copper deposit,Apuseni Mountains,Romania: advanced argillic overprint of a porphyry system 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Rosia Poieni deposit is the largest porphyry copper deposit in the Apuseni Mountains, Romania. Hydrothermal alteration and mineralization are related to the Middle Miocene emplacement of a subvolcanic body, the Fundoaia microdiorite. Zonation of the alteration associated with the porphyry copper deposit is recognized from the deep and central part of the porphyritic intrusion towards shallower and outer portions. Four alteration types have been distinguished: potassic, phyllic, advanced argillic, and propylitic. Potassic alteration affects mainly the Fundoaia subvolcanic body. The andesitic host rocks are altered only in the immediate contact zone with the Fundoaia intrusion. Mg-biotite and K-feldspar are the main alteration minerals of the potassic assemblage, accompanied by ubiquitous quartz; chlorite, and anhydrite are also present. Magnetite, pyrite, chalcopyrite and minor bornite, are associated with this alteration. Phyllic alteration has overprinted the margin of the potassic zone, and formed peripheral to it. It is characterized by the replacement of almost all early minerals by abundant quartz, phengite, illite, variable amounts of illite-smectite mixed-layer minerals, minor smectite, and kaolinite. Pyrite is abundant and represents the main sulfide in this alteration zone. Advanced argillic alteration affects the upper part of the volcanic structure. The mineral assemblage comprises alunite, kaolinite, dickite, pyrophyllite, diaspore, aluminium-phosphate-sulphate minerals (woodhouseite-svanbergite series), zunyite, minamyite, pyrite, and enargite (luzonite). Alunite forms well-developed crystals. Veins with enargite (luzonite) and pyrite in a gangue of quartz, pyrophyllite and diaspore, are present within and around the subvolcanic intrusion. This alteration type is partially controlled by fractures. A zonal distribution of alteration minerals is observed from the centre of fractures outwards with: (1) vuggy quartz; (2) quartz + alunite; (3) quartz + kaolinite ± alunite and, in the deeper part of the argillic zone, quartz + pyrophyllite + diaspore; (4) illite + illite-smectite mixed-layer minerals ± kaolinite ± alunite, and e) chlorite + albite + epidote. Propylitic alteration is present distal to all other alteration types and consists of chlorite, epidote, albite, and carbonates. Mineral parageneses, mineral stability fields, and alteration mineral geothermometers indicate that the different alteration assemblages are the result of changes in both fluid composition and temperature of the system. The alteration minerals reflect cooling of the hydrothermal system from >400 °C (biotite), to 300–200 °C (chlorite and illite in veinlets) and to lower temperatures of kaolinite, illite-smectite mixed layers, and smectite crystallization. Hydrothermal alteration started with an extensive potassic zone in the central part of the system that passed laterally to the propylitic zone. It was followed by phyllic overprint of the early-altered rocks. Nearly barren advanced argillic alteration subsequently superimposed the upper levels of the porphyry copper alteration zones. The close spatial association between porphyry mineralization and advanced argillic alteration suggests that they are genetically part of the same magmatic-hydrothermal system that includes a porphyry intrusion at depth and an epithermal environment of the advanced argillic type near the surface.Editorial handling: B. Lehmann 相似文献
15.
The Lut block, eastern Iran, is one of the most extensive Cenozoic magmatic rocks, that show suitable targets for porphyry Cu-Au and high-sulfidation epithermal Au related to porphyry Cu-Au mineralization. In this study, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer （ASTER） was used to identify different erosion levels of three porphyry Cu deposits, including Maherabad, Shadan, and Chah Shaljami, located in the Lut block volcanic-plutonic belt. Alteration minerals, including kaolinite, dickite, alunite, jarosite, epidote, chlorite, montmorillonite, muscovite, biotite, orthoclase, gypsum, and quartz, are selected to map different alteration zones and erosion levels. Distributions of end-members are mapped by using the SAM and MTMF in VNIR and SWIR of ASTER bands and the results are evaluated against the field studies. For some end-members, the results of SAM processing are more reliable compared to the MTMF because the latter looses field spectra. The use of angle threshold in the SAM, and MF-score and infeasibility value in the MTMF or low abundance of some end-members, and finally comparison of output images of spectral processing show good correlation with alteration maps. Differentiation and explanation of various erosion levels of porphyry Cu deposits are done successfully by using the ASTER sensor data. 相似文献
16.
碰撞造山型斑岩铜矿蚀变分带模式--以西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带为例 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
岛弧环境斑岩铜矿蚀变分带模式已为人们所熟知 ,但碰撞造山环境的斑岩铜矿蚀变分带特征尚不清楚。对此 ,文中以西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带为例 ,选择驱龙、冲江、厅宫 3个典型斑岩铜矿 ,对其蚀变系统进行了系统研究。依据蚀变矿物组合可分为 3个蚀变带 ,呈环带状分布。从中心向外依次为钾硅酸盐化带、石英绢云母化带、青磐岩化带。泥化带不太发育 ,通常叠加在其它蚀变带之上。钾硅酸盐化带主要蚀变矿物为钾长石、黑云母、石英、硬石膏 ,伴有大量的黄铜矿与辉钼矿 ,是成矿物质的主要堆积区。石英绢云母化带与钾硅酸盐化带渐变过渡或叠加其上 ,是次于钾硅酸盐化带的储矿部位。蚀变矿物组合为绢云母 +石英 +钾长石 ,金属硫化物有黄铁矿、黄铜矿、辉钼矿、斑铜矿 ,少量的方铅矿、闪锌矿。主要的辉钼矿以石英 +辉钼矿脉的形式出现于本矿带。青磐岩化在斑岩体内不发育 ,矿化极微弱。蚀变岩石组分分析表明 ,岩石蚀变及其分带是岩浆流体 /岩石反应时K ,Na ,Ca ,Mg等组分迁移的结果 ,矿化伴随着蚀变发生。钾硅酸盐化带、石英绢云母化带和青磐岩化带的蚀变岩石与未 (弱 )蚀变斑岩具有一致的稀土配分模式 ,REE含量有规律地变化 ,说明蚀变岩石均经历了源于岩浆的流体的交代 ,不同的蚀变形成于岩浆流体演化的不同阶段。蚀? 相似文献
17.
巴达铜金矿位于藏东富碱斑岩带南段,是藏东地区近年来新发现的大型铜金矿。虽然对巴达铜金矿开展了大量勘查工作,但对该矿床的成因尚未取得共识。本文基于详细的野外调研、岩心与坑道编录及系统的镜下鉴定,对巴达铜金矿床地质特征进行研究。巴达矿床主要产于石英二长斑岩中,局部产于斑岩和砂岩地层的接触带内。矿床发育的围岩蚀变主要为青磐岩化、钾化、绢英岩化,高岭土化、蛋白石化、蒙脱石化次之,蚀变分带从内向外依次为钾硅酸盐化带、绢英岩化带、青磐岩化带、高岭土化带,铜金矿体主要赋存于钾硅酸盐化和绢英岩化带内,铜矿化主要以黄铜矿形式产出,金矿化主要以银金矿形式产于白云石±石英+细粒黄铁矿±黄铜矿脉中,铜矿化与金矿化呈正相关,矿体的产出受北西向逆冲断层的控制。与典型斑岩和浅成低温热液矿床不同,巴达铜金矿化主要产于白云石±石英+黄铁矿脉中;矿床内既发育碳酸盐、伊利石、绢云母和黄铁矿、黄铜矿、方铅矿、黝铜矿、低FeS闪锌矿等一套中硫型浅成低温热液矿床的蚀变矿物组合,又发育符合碱性斑岩系统的特征矿物赤铁矿。基于以上特征判断,巴达铜金矿矿床成因类型应为与富碱斑岩有关的浅成低温热液矿床,巴达铜金矿矿床成因的厘定,为下一步找矿提供了理论指导。 相似文献
18.
The central Iranian volcanic-sedimentary belt in Kerman province of Iran that is located within the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc zone is chosen to integrate diverse evidential layers for mineral potential mapping. The studied area has high potential of mineral occurrences especially porphyry copper, and the prepared potential maps aim to outline new prospect zones for further investigation. Two evidential layers including the downward continued map and the analytic signal of filtered magnetic data are generated to be used as geophysical plausible traces of porphyry copper occurrences. The low values of the resistivity layer acquired from airborne frequency domain electromagnetic data are also used as an electrical criterion in this study. Four remote sensing evidential layers including argillic, phyllic, propylitic, and hydroxyl alterations are extracted from Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) images in order to map the altered areas associated with porphyry copper deposits. The Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) images are used as well to prepare iron oxide layer. Since potassic alteration is generally the mainstay of copper ore mineralization, the airborne potassium radiometry data is used to explore both phyllic and potassic alteration. Finally, the geochemical layers of Cu/B/Pb/Zn elements and the main geochemical component responsible for ore mineralization extracted from principal component analysis are included in the integration process to prepare final potential maps. The conventional and the extended version of VIKOR method (as a well-known algorithm in multi-criteria decision making problems) produced two mineral potential maps, and the results were compared with the ones acquired from prevalent methods of the index overlay and fuzzy logic operators of sum and gamma. The final mineral potential maps based upon desired geo-data set indicate adequately matching of high potential zones with previous working and active mines of copper deposits. 相似文献