共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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饱和半无限体表面透水性会影响表面波（瑞利波和斯通利波）存在及其传播特性。在表面透水情况下,只有瑞利波存在,而在不透水情况,不仅有瑞利波而且还有斯通利波。表面波在工程勘探及声波测试中扮演很重要角色,因此,有必要研究表面透水性对表面波传播特性的影响。采用薄层法,将表面波频率方程根的搜索问题转换成求特征值问题。根据表面波沿深度衰减特性,从一组计算的特征值及特征向量中筛选出与表面波对应特征值、特征向量,由特征值得到表面波频率特性（频散和衰减特性）,由特征向量得到孔隙压力、骨架位移随深度变化,进而分析在表面不透水情况下瑞利波和斯通利波影响深度及程度。 相似文献
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利用严格的Biot介质模型,针对阵列声波测井情况,建立了基于物理统计方法的利用斯通利波幅度衰减反演储层渗透率之线性化最小二乘反演模型。作为对方法可行性的检验,运用该方法对理论合成数据进行了处理,结果表明运用统计方法后反演渗透率的偏差变小,证明了方法的可行性。 相似文献
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为了有效地识别和评价裂缝性地层,对辽河盆地东部凹陷地区含气孔、裂隙地层的单极子阵列声波测井数据进行了斯通利波波场分离（中值滤波）和希尔伯特黄变换（HHT）。研究表明：裂隙和油气通常会使斯通利波的能量衰减（主要发生在高频）、主频下降和到时滞后,这三者具有相关性;裂隙会使反射斯通利波能量增强,反射系数变大;高频和低频斯通利波的比值简称为能量比,能量比接近零时对应渗透性裂隙地层,能量比较小但有一定数值时可能对应渗透性孔隙地层;固有模态函数保留了原始数据固有的物理特性,HHT幅值谱从时间和频率两个方面突出了阵列声波的动力特性。实测数据的傅里叶变换和HHT均能对储层性质进行一定的评价,HHT放大了阵列声波信号对于地层性质的敏感程度,易于研究的分析对比。 相似文献
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利用斯通利波反演地层渗透率 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以渗透性地层的测井声波传播理论为基础,研究斯通利波反演地层渗透率方法。斯通利波计算渗透率的关键在于如何将其受渗透率的影响因素与其它影响因素分离开来。已采用的计算方法有相速度(或慢度)方法、衰减幅度方法;作者使用的方法是结合相位滞后和衰减变化的测量来计算渗透率。求取渗透率过程有波场分离、正演模拟和渗透率的反演计算3个主要步骤。 相似文献
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A mudcake formed on the borehole wall between a fluid-filled porous formation and the borehole fluid can affect Stoneley wave propagation used to estimate the formation permeability. The mudcake effect on the permeability dependence of radial oscillations of borehole fluid is investigated in a system with a source generating radial acoustic waves in the borehole and hydrophones (pressure sensors) that record the respective attenuating oscillations of the borehole fluid. The permeability of the porous formation is estimated from theoretical permeability dependence of the attenuation exponent, knowing the time dependence of the exponential attenuation of borehole fluid oscillations. 相似文献
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随着石油勘探类型的转变和发展,如何高效且准确地识别地层中的裂缝变得十分重要。本文构建了斯通利波在裂缝地层中传播的理论模型,得到了斯通利波在经过裂缝带时会形成反射斯通利波,以及地层中裂缝的条数越多、斯通利波反射系数越大的理论结果。在此基础上,对辽河盆地火成岩地层的声波测井数据进行了斯通利波波场分离（中值滤波）,得到反射斯通利波,并计算了裂缝地层的反射系数。同时对该地层的电成像测井数据进行了孔隙度分布谱和区间孔隙度分析。研究表明：在裂缝发育的地层,反射斯通利波能量增强,反射系数变大;裂缝发育地层电成像孔隙度分布谱明显变宽,电成像区间孔隙度中大孔隙占比增大,显示次生孔隙（裂缝）发育。 相似文献
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为了提高阵列声波测井组分波慢度提取的精度,基于模拟退火算法以及慢度—时间相关(STC)法的原理,提出了模拟退火算法与慢度—时间相关法结合的阵列声波测井资料处理新方法。该算法核心是将慢度—时间相关法的相关系数经过变换作为模拟退火算法的能量函数,利用模拟退火的全局寻优能力求取组分波慢度。对于纵波,在退火前使用长短时窗能量比法进行波至点的求取可以将二维搜索简化为一维;对于其他组分波,分别使用该算法进行慢度—波至点二维搜索以提取慢度。实例表明,与常规的纵波速度测井对比,该算法提取的纵波精度比传统STC方法处理结果高9.94%;横波结果与传统STC方法的差别为0.29%;斯通利波结果与传统STC方法的差别为0.42%。算法在一定程度上提高了解释精度,在实际应用中有较好效果。 相似文献
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斯通利波在碳酸盐岩储层解释中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在塔河油田碳酸特岩裂缝性储层中，采用声波全波列测井及偶极横波测井来获取丰富信息，主要成分波有纵波、横波、斯通利波，主要采用时域和频域2种信启、提取方法，来获得声波时差、频率和能量信息．其能量衰减和能量值的大小可以反映地层渗透性能，斯通利波能量的相对变化可用来定性划分渗透层，反射波能量反映渗透性地层的裂缝分布，为划分渗透层提供了良好的条件． 相似文献
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横向各向同性弹性地层井孔中模式波的探测深度 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
研究了横向各向同性(TI)弹性地层充液井孔中模式波的频散曲线和灵敏度曲线。结果显示:弯曲波对地层中垂直向传播的横波速度比较敏感,而斯通利波对地层中水平向传播的横波速度较灵敏;在慢速地层中,从斯通利波(或弯曲波)对不同径向位置和不同波数下水平向 (或垂直向) 传播的横波速度的灵敏度曲线上可知,斯通利波的探测深度在整个计算频段约为1.5个井眼半径(距井壁距离),弯曲波的探测深度相对较深,但受波数影响大:在较低波数时,其探测深度约为4个井眼半径,较高波数时约为1.5个;在快速地层中,由于受井内流体的影响较大,弯曲波在较高波数时探测深度稍有下降,但斯通利波对地层性质的敏感程度明显降低甚至消失。 相似文献
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井孔声场二维谱的数值计算与理论分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
简要介绍了井孔声场二维谱计算方法,实现了井孔声场二维谱的数值计算。通过对硬地层和软地层两类地层的模拟计算,得到硬地层和软地层的二维谱的分布图以及井孔中接收到的声压波形。根据对两类地层二维谱的分析,表明纵波（首波）、横波和泥浆纵波的声幅较小,频散不明显。斯通利波的频率范围较低,频散较弱。伪瑞利波频散较强、幅度较高,软地层不存在伪瑞利波。泄漏模对应的模式波,是一种几何衰减波,在声场传播中具有衰减快,频散性较强的特征。利用二维谱分析井孔声场,能够将复杂的声波传播特征用图像表现出来,具有直观、形象的效果。 相似文献
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The analysis of the wave propagation in layered rocks masses with periodic fractures is tackled via a two-scale approach in order to consider shape and size of the rock inhomogeneities. To match the displacement fields at the two scales, an approximation of the micro-displacement field is assumed that depends on the first and second gradients of the macro-displacement through micro-fluctuation displacement functions obtained by the finite element solution of cell problems derived by the classical asymptotic homogenization. The resulting equations of motion of the equivalent continuum at the macro-scale result to be not local in space, thus a dispersive wave propagation is obtained from the model. The simplifying hypotheses assumed in the multi-scale kinematics limit the validity of the model to the first dispersive branch in the frequency spectrum corresponding to the lowest modes.Although the homogenization procedure is developed to study the macro-scale wave propagation in rock masses with bounded domain, the reliability of the proposed method has been evaluated in the examples by considering unbounded rock masses and by comparing the dispersion curves provided by the rigorous process of Floquet–Bloch with those obtained by the method presented. The accuracy of the method is analyzed for compressional and shear waves propagating in the intact-layered rocks along the orthotropic axes. Therefore, the influence of crack density in the layered rock mass has been analyzed. Vertical cracks have been considered, periodically located in the stiffer layer, and two different crack densities have been analyzed, which are differentiated in the crack spacing. A good agreement is obtained in case of compressional waves travelling along the layering direction and in case of both shear and compressional waves normal to the layering. The comparison between two crack systems with different spacing has shown this aspect to have a remarkable effect on waves travelling along the direction of layering, and limited in the case of waves propagating normal to the layers.The equivalent continuous model obtained through the dynamic homogenization technique here presented may be applied to the computational analysis of non-stationary wave propagation in rock masses of finite size, also consisting of sub-domains with different macro-mechanical characteristics. This avoids the use of computational models represented at the scale of the heterogeneities, which may be too burdensome or even unfeasible. 相似文献
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A two-mode method of measuring permeability and electroacoustic constant in the course of borehole logging is considered. The first mode is the Stoneley wave with its electroacoustic ratio; the second mode is the radial wave in the formation around the borehole with the electric field it generates. The radial wave enables one to measure the electroacoustic constant and the Stoneley wave, the electroacoustic ratio, linearly dependent on permeability. Using these measurements jointly enables one to find permeability of the porous medium. All formation evaluation can be reduced to an additional measurement of electric conductivity. 相似文献
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Keming Sun 《Computers and Geotechnics》1994,16(4):263-289
A numerical model for a laterally loaded pile in an elastic continuum is presented. The governing differential equations for vertical piles in a homogeneous and a layered soil are obtained by using variational calculus. Two parameters, k and t, are used in this approach to represent the elastic foundation, and an iterative technique is adopted to obtain a consistent energy solution. Both free and fixed headed piles have been considered. Two kinds of boundary conditions of practical interest at the pile tip, floating tip and clamped tip, are also considered. The proposed method has been validated by comparison of the results with those obtained by other available methods. Typical solutions are presented and recommendations are given for their use in design problems. 相似文献
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A new method for calculation of head displacement and rotation of laterally loaded rigid monopiles and poles in multilayered heterogeneous elastic soil is presented. The analysis considers the soil as a layered elastic continuum in which the modulus vary linearly with depth within each layer. Rational pile and soil displacement fields are assumed, and the interaction between the pile and soil is taken into account by using the principle of virtual work. Two sets of equilibrium equations, one describing the pile displacement and rotation and the other describing the displacements in the soil, are obtained and solved analytically and numerically following an iterative algorithm. The new method produces pile responses as accurate as those obtained from three-dimensional finite element analysis but does not require any elaborate input for geometry and mesh. 相似文献
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The fine structure of the FeI λ 532.4185-nm line of neutral iron is studied with high spatial (0.5″) and temporal (9.3 s) resolution using observations of a quiet region at the center of the solar disk. The character of the line asymmetry depends strongly on the nature of the velocity field, i.e., on whether it is due to convective or wave motions. The magnitude of the asymmetry due to acoustic waves is comparable to that due to convective motions. The propagation of acoustic waves in moving granules and intergranular lanes is studied by solving a system of hydrodynamical equations in a three-dimensional model for the solar atmosphere. The temporal variations in the bisector of the line synthesized in a non-LTE approximation agree well with the observational data. 相似文献
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利用时间分裂的错格伪谱法模拟地震波在基于改进BISQ模型的双相介质中的传播 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
改进的BISQ(Biot-Squirt)模型中各参数具有明确的物理意义和可实现性,在不引入特征喷流长度的情况下可将Biot流动和喷射流动两种力学机制有机地结合起来;而高精度的地震波场数值模拟技术是研究双相介质地震波传播规律的重要手段。本文从本构方程、动力学方程和动力学达西定律出发,推导了基于改进BISQ模型的双相各向同性介质的一阶速度--应力方程组;采用时间分裂错格伪谱法求该方程组的数值解,模拟半空间及层状双相介质中的地震波场。数值模拟结果表明:①与传统方法相比,时间分裂错格伪谱法波场数值模拟的精度更高,压制网格频散效果更好;②在非黏滞相界情况下,慢纵波呈传播性,而在黏滞相界情况下,慢纵波呈扩散性,以静态模式出现在震源位置;③双相介质分界面处,各类波型复杂的反射透射规律可由数值模拟结果清晰展现。 相似文献
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采用颗粒离散单元法进行动力计算时,人工截断边界上需设置吸收边界条件,以防止波的反射。鉴于颗粒离散单元数值计算模型的人工边界上颗粒单元半径大小不一、边界面凸凹不平,在连续介质的黏性、黏弹性、自由场边界条件方程基础之上,推导出适用于离散介质的等效方程。在离散介质的黏性边界条件等效方程中引入微调系数,提出比值迭代法以快速确定其最优值,以实现对波的最佳吸收。采用二维颗粒离散单元计算软件PFC2D,分别建立黏性、黏弹性、自由场边界条件相关数值分析模型,探讨颗粒分布模式对黏性边界上颗粒单元半径、速度分布及比值迭代过程的影响;采用外源波动算例及经典Lamb问题算例验证黏弹性边界设置方法的正确性;通过隧洞算例检验提出的自由场边界条件设置方法的正确性。 相似文献