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使用AGMP-1氯化物型阴离子交换树脂(100--200目)对夏季贵州阿哈湖流域水体悬浮颗粒物等样品进行了化学分离,并在多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(MC-ICP-MS)上进行了铁同位素分析.分析结果表明,夏季阿哈湖湖水分层期间湖水悬浮颗粒物及各端员环境样品的铁同位素组成变化较大:湖水悬浮颗粒物的δ56Fe为负值,分布范围为-1.36‰～-0.10‰之间;各支流河水悬浮颗粒物的铁同位素组成在-0.88‰～-0.16‰之间;大气颗粒物的平均铁同位素组成为 0.06‰±0.02‰;而未经化学清洗的浮游藻类的铁同位素组成为 0.08‰.对比研究表明,湖水悬浮颗粒物的铁同位素组成不仅受各输入端员的影响,湖泊内部复杂的生物地球化学过程也对颗粒物的铁同位素组成产生了重要影响.陆源输入的颗粒有机结合态铁使得湖泊表层悬浮颗粒物的铁同位素组成偏低,而大气沉降颗粒物和湖泊表层的浮游藻类整体上对铁同位素组成的影响并不显著."ferrous wheel"铁循环对于氧化还原界面附近水层中铁同位素的重分配起到了主要的控制和影响作用.δ56Fe值与Fe/A1呈现良好的负相关关系,也显示出活性铁的循环迁移是造成氧化还原界面附近水层中悬浮颗粒物的铁同位素组成变化的重要原因,表明铁同位素与Fe/A1可能可以作为表征水体生物地球化学环境的良好指标. 相似文献
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为研究太湖水体后向散射系数的光学特性,利用太湖实测数据和半分析方法与光学闭合(Optical Closure)原理,对太湖水体的后向散射系数进行模拟,在此基础上对其光学特性和影响因子进行分析.研究结果表明:由于悬浮物浓度的差异,使得太湖水体后向散射系数具有明显的差异性,后向散射主要由无机悬浮物引起,浮游藻类对后向散射系数的贡献较小;由于悬浮物来源不同,使得悬浮物粒径分布、形状以及组成成分不同,导致太湖水体单位后向散射系数存在一定变化;以550 nm作为参考波段对太湖后向散射系数进行参数化,得出该波段后向散射系数与悬浮物浓度具有很好的线性关系,其指数在1.32~2.8之间变化,平均值为2.09. 相似文献
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2004年7月20日在五里湖南岸生态示范工程区共布设9个采样点进行水下光场的测定,并采集水样分析悬浮物、叶绿素a、DOC浓度和各组分吸收系数。结果表明,3类主要光衰减物质总悬浮物、叶绿素a和DOC的浓度分别为5.1~38.7 mg/L、25.5~86.4μg/L和7.43~8.74 mg/L;生态示范工程能明显降低水体悬浮物和叶绿素a浓度,Ⅱ类区总悬浮物、叶绿素a浓度相对Ⅰ类区分别降低了53.4%、33.0%,而Ⅲ类区总悬浮物、叶绿素a浓度相对Ⅰ类区分别降低了77.4%、65.0%。光合有效辐射(PAR)衰减系数在1.81~4.93 m-1间变化,对应的真光层深度为0.93~2.54 m,Ⅱ、Ⅲ类区相对Ⅰ类区PAR衰减系数分别降低了42.2%、52.8%,对应的真光层深度则分别增加了73%、112%。ag(440)、ad(440)、aph(440)的变化范围分别为0.79~1.31 m-1、0.41~2.22 m-1、0.73~2.12 m-1。纯水对总吸收的贡献均在15%以下,有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)吸收对总吸收的贡献率在18.16%~40.28%间变化,非藻类颗粒物对总吸收的贡献率在14.40%~37.88%间变化,浮游藻类对总吸收系数的贡献率基本上是各组分贡献率中最高的,在31.05%~45.28%间变化。对PAR衰减系数、真光层深度、透明度等表观光学参数与主要水色因子进行相关分析发现,水体中浮游藻类和有机颗粒物对生态示范区内的水体光学性质影响最大,而围隔外围浮游藻类、非藻类颗粒物对光的衰减相当。 相似文献
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《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,(Z1)
<正>持久性有机污染物随大气运送传输,并通过干湿沉降、水气交换等方式进入到河流、湖泊、水库等水体中。这些污染物普遍具有疏水性,较容易被水体中的浮游藻类等悬浮颗粒所吸附,并随着浮游藻类的生长而进行富集,最后与藻类衰落后产生的有机碎屑一起沉降到底部的沉积物中,因此,水体中浮游植物对持久性有机污染物的迁移转化有着极其重要的影响,可以起到"生物泵"的作用净化水体[1]。近年来,这种重要的"生物泵"机制已经引起了国外学者的广泛重视,并开展了大量的研究。Berrojalbiz等[2]在对地中海持 相似文献
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为了更深入的了解流速、水深等水文条件对湖泊浮游藻类分布特征的影响,选择平水期东洞庭湖为研究对象,研究了该湖泊7个不同断面处的浮游生物群落结构特征、生物量、生物多样性等多方面的内容,并结合湖泊水体环境指标调查,深入分析了环境因子对浮游植物优势种群分布的影响规律。结果表明,就2017年平水期东洞庭湖的调查而言,湖泊水体流速的大小对优势种群的浮游藻类密度影响较大,水体流速越大,优势种的浮游植物密度越小;平水期的东洞庭湖中较小的水量和流速,加上充足的营养,容易导致湖泊水体水质变差;不同的浮游植物优势种群的分布受各种环境因子影响的程度不同。 相似文献
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强水动力湖泊夏季分层期氮的生物地球化学循环初步研究:以贵州红枫湖南湖为例 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
湖泊在夏季由于藻类生长而消耗大量硝酸盐,水体硝酸盐含量一般要低于春季。而红枫湖南湖水体硝酸盐含量却高于春季(比平均含量高0.83mg/L),说明尚有其他重要的硝酸盐来源。据估算,南湖水体硝酸盐含量升高0.83mg/L约需要1.66×105kg硝酸盐,另外有约10.1×105kg硝酸盐随下泻水输出南湖,再加上夏季藻类生长(生产的chla量约为640kg)所消耗的硝酸盐3.52×105kg,共消耗硝酸盐15.28×105kg。扣除河流输入的4.42×105kg硝酸盐,南湖尚存在约10.86×105kg硝酸盐的亏空。利用氮稳定同位素示踪技术,结合硝酸盐及叶绿素a(chla)含量、溶解氧(DO)等的变化,认为这部分硝酸盐来自湖泊中下部(斜温层)有机质的大量矿化(硝化),是水动力驱动高DO的上部水体下沉从而引起下部有机质(硝化)的结果。南湖这种强水动力湖泊整个夏季分层期氮的生物地球化学循环是斜温层有机质矿化(硝化)释放硝酸盐和变温层藻类生长同化硝酸盐为有机质同时发生的特殊类型。 相似文献
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浮游细菌是湖泊水生态系统关键组成部分，在元素、能量迁移转化过程中作用明显.基于16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术，以夏季内蒙古达里诺尔湖（简称“达里湖”）为研究区，对内陆封闭型湖泊水体浮游细菌群落垂向变化特征及影响因素进行了对比分析.结果显示:夏季达里湖浮游细菌群落多样性在表层水中最高，中层水最低；而丰富度则在底层水中最高，中层水最低.此外，浮游细菌群落组成也存在一定程度的垂向差异:在纲类水平上，Actinobacteria丰度优势明显，表层水为24.70%、中层水为21.06%、底层水为24.77%.冗余分析（RDA）结果表明不同深度水体中优势菌群受理化指标影响不同:表层水优势菌群结构受总溶解性固体含量、电导率等理化指标的影响最明显；不同形态营养元素则是中层水优势菌群结构的主要影响因素；在底层水中，优势菌群则受叶绿素、化学需氧量等理化指标的影响最明显.整体上，水深变化引起的湖水理化性质垂向差异成为影响达里湖夏季水体浮游细菌群落结构特征的关键因素之一. 相似文献
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利用2001-2002年周年太湖全湖不同湖区湖泊光学的实测资料,分析了太湖水体光学衰减系数的区域分布,季节变化,垂直分布及日变化特征,并阐述了其变化原因,将太湖与国外一些湖泊进行对比,进一步阐述了太湖的光学特征.结果表明:光学衰减系数的湖区分布大致为:河口区>五里湖>湖心区>梅梁湾>贡湖>东太湖;由于不同湖区对光学衰减系数影响的主导因素不一样,其季节变化存在差异,东太湖季节变化不大,湖心区衰减系数秋冬季较大,而梅梁湖区则夏秋较大;衰减系数日变化则表现为中午大,上午和下午小;衰减系数的垂直分布主要有逐渐递减和先递减后均匀2种类型;衰减系数的光谱特性表现为在短波部分较大,长波部分较小,670nm处有一相对高值. 相似文献
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南海东北部的17940站(水深1728m)是西太平洋海区地层分辨率最高的深海剖面之一。用抱粉学方法从92个样品中分析鉴定出的有机壁浮游藻类包括海相沟鞭藻的囊孢和陆相淡水绿藻。前者属旋沟类(GOnyaulacoids)和多甲类(Peridihioids)沟鞭藻,后者为盘星藻(Pediastrum)和双星藻(Zygnema)。就含量而言,沟鞭藻囊抱占浮游藻类的绝大部分,淡水绿藻虽存在于大多数样品中,却含量甚微。采取外加标志法获得浮游藻类浓度后,以下列公式求出两种浮游藻类成分的输人通量浮游藻类输人通量(粒／Cm2·a)=粒／g×g/cm3×cm/a式中．粒／。为g。沉积物(干重)含浮游藻类个体数;g 相似文献
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山东半岛东部海域悬浮体分布季节变化及其冬季输送通量研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
山东半岛东部近岸海域流系和水团要素季节变化显著,沉积动力环境特殊,发育有剖面形状独特的泥质沉积体。基于两个年度的夏、冬季山东半岛东部近岸海域水体温度、浊度、悬浮体浓度和海流等调查资料,分析了水团要素分布季节变化特征,并结合研究区域冬季海流和余流分布特征,计算了冬季经山东半岛东部近岸海域向南输送的悬浮体净通量。结果表明:山东半岛东部近岸海域悬浮体分布受沿岸流、黄海冷水团和黄海暖流等流系季节变化的影响存在显著季节变化。夏季,水体垂向层结和黄海冷水团均可抑制悬浮体垂向和东西向扩散。与以往的研究有所不同的是,冬季大量悬浮体可穿越沿岸流与黄海暖流形成的海流切变锋面,进入黄海暖流向北输送,海流切变锋的屏障作用会随着黄海暖流的减弱或东移而削弱。每年冬季经山东半岛东部近岸海域输送的悬浮体占渤海海峡向外海输送的悬浮体年净通量的3.22%~9.10%,冬季的悬浮体输送量较大,占冬季渤海海峡向外海输送的悬浮体年净通量的6.84%~19.38%。 相似文献
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Comparison of metal(loid) concentrations in water, sediments and fish from two large shallow lakes 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
J. Zeng L. Y. Yang X. M. Chuai X. F. Chen H. Y. Zhao Q. L. Wu 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2013,10(6):1209-1218
Hulun Lake and Taihu Lake are both large shallow lakes in China. In summer and winter of 2009, water, sediments and fish samples were collected from the two lakes and the concentrations of metal(loids) were analyzed. The results demonstrated that aqueous concentrations of arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) in Hulun Lake were significantly higher than those in Taihu Lake. Especially, the As concentrations (about 130 μg/L) in Hulun Lake dramatically exceeded the permissible level of drinking water. Compared with Taihu Lake, metal(loid) concentrations in the sediments of Hulun Lake were significantly lower, which might have less impacts on the metal exchanges between water and sediments. In contrast, concentrations of the measured metal(loids) (including As) in fish from Hulun Lake and Taihu Lake were comparable, suggesting that the dramatic difference in aqueous and sediment metal(loid) concentrations had less influence on the metal(loid) bioavailability. The higher concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and cations (e.g., Na+, K+ and Mg2+) in lake water might contribute to the reduced metal(loid) bioavailability to fish in Hulun Lake. 相似文献
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Eum Sik Woo Jeong Jin Kim Young Hun Kim Gyo Cheol Jeong Yun Deuk Jang Warren A. Dick 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(7):2199-2209
Seasonal variations of water chemistry occurred in acid mine drainage receiving mine and leachate water. Sulfate and metal concentrations were low in winter but high in spring and summer. Mine waters were highly acidic (up to pH 3.4) in nature with high concentrations of manganese, copper and zinc but high electrical conductivity and sulfate in leachate. The blue and brownish yellow precipitates were formed under different chemical environments of acid mine drainage. Brownish yellow (Munsell color 7.5YR 8/12), blue (Munsell color 2.5B 9/7) and light blue (Munsell color 2.5B 9/3) precipitates deposited on the stream bottom receiving acid mine water. The brownish yellow precipitates formed in the acid mine water, whereas the blue and light blue precipitates formed in the leachate water. The brownish yellow precipitates consisted mainly of ferrihydrite, whereas the blue and light blue precipitates consisted of glaucocerinite and/or woodwardite. 相似文献
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J. W. Pierce D. L. Correll B. Goldberg M. A. Faust W. H. Klein 《Estuaries and Coasts》1986,9(3):169-178
A year-long study of incident and underwater light transmittance (400–800 nm) in the Rhode River, Maryland, a tidal tributary to Chesapeake Bay, indicated that light transmittance responded in both intensity and spectral quality to changes in the amount and type of dissolved and suspended materials in the water. At times of relatively clear water, transmittance was similar to that previously reported in the literature for coastal waters. With high concentrations of suspended and dissolved materials in the water, attenuation of irradiance was high in the upper part of the water column and different for the various wave bands, depending on the type of material present. At such times, attenuation was higher in the upper part of the water column under sunny, clear skies than on cloudy days. We believe this to be due to higher concentrations of pigments and suspended particles in the water on sunny days, increasing the scattering and adsorption. A second factor was a lower average cosine on cloudy days, decreasing the effect of scattering on the average path length per meter of depth. High attenuation coefficients in the middle of the spectrum are attributed to accessory pigments. Regression of the diffuse attenuation coefficient on eight water-quality parameters explained up to 93% of the variance in the attenuation coefficient. Chlorophylls a and c and mineral suspensates were the three most important variables for data taken under clear skies. In contrast, under cloudy skies, the three most important variables were different for different wavelengths. Models of irradiance attenuation in turbid estuarine waters require the use of more variables than models for open ocean waters. 相似文献
15.
南黄海悬浮体的垂直分布特性及其指示意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
重点研究了南黄海典型断面的悬浮体垂直分布特性及其指示意义。结果表明:四季南海黄海北部断面悬浮体分布的共同特征是西高东低,冬、春季鲁北沿岸流携带悬浮体向南输运和黄海暖流北上是南黄海与北黄海进行物质交换的重要方式和途径;夏半年南黄海中部断面深水域存在的表层云团状悬浮体高值区或"中层悬浮体最大值"现象与该海域的生物活动具有密切的联系;冬、春季苏北浅滩外侧海域近岸区的悬浮体含量显著高于夏、秋季,且冬半年近岸区的悬浮体具有向外海输运的趋势;长江口东北部断面各季节均存在2个悬浮体高值区,其中位于断面西部近岸海域的高值区与长江冲淡水(夏季)或苏北沿岸水(冬季)的影响有关,位于断面东部深水域处的悬浮体高值区是黄海西部沿岸流物质输运的结果,并与济州岛西南部海域的泥质区总体相对应,黄海与东海的物质交换过程主要通过夏季长江冲淡水东北向扩展与冬半年黄海西部沿岸流南下和黄海暖流北上进行。另外,水体层化和陆架锋也显著影响着南黄海悬浮体的垂直分布状况,锋面是控制夏季悬浮体向外海深水区输运的主要物理机制。 相似文献
16.
Juanle Wang Eryang Chen Ge Li Lu Zhang Xiaoming Cao Yongjie Zhang Yujie Wang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(16):590
Concentrations of suspended solids in lakes can affect the latter’s primary productivity and reflect changes in sediment deposition. Determining the temporal and spatial distribution of suspended solid concentrations has important significance in lake water environmental management; this is particularly urgent for Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China. In this study, suspended solid concentration inversion models for Poyang Lake were created using a semi-empirical method with regression analysis between continuously measured suspended solid concentration data and multi-band moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer images for spring, summer, autumn, and winter from 2009 to 2012. The coefficient of determination (R2) is from 0.6 to 0.9 and the average relative error for the accuracy verification was between 10 and 30%. The seasonal distributions of suspended solid concentrations in Poyang Lake from 2000 to 2013 were then obtained using optimal reversal models. The results showed that the seasonal variation in suspended solid concentrations had a “W” shape in which high spring and autumn and low summer and winter values. The suspended solid concentrations increased annually from 2000 to 2013 and were mainly distributed in the northern and central portions of the lake, with lower values along the shorelines. Further analysis indicated that the large difference in water level between the wet and dry seasons is an important factor in explaining these seasonal variations. Moreover, the suspended solid concentrations were poorly correlated with water temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration but more highly correlated with the deferred chlorophyll-a concentration. 相似文献
17.
Meredith L. McPherson Victoria J. Hill Richard C. Zimmerman Heidi M. Dierssen 《Estuaries and Coasts》2011,34(6):1150-1160
Water column optical properties of Greater Florida Bay were investigated in the context of their impacts on seagrass distribution.
Scattering played an important role in light attenuation throughout the shallow water system. The northwest region was characterized
by an absence of seagrasses and the highest scattering by particles, mostly from resuspended carbonate sediments. Higher seagrass
densities were observed in the open waters just north of the Florida Keys, where absorption coefficients were dominated by
colored dissolved organic material and scattering was lower than in the northwest region. Patchy dense seagrass meadows were
observed in the clear waters south of the Keys where scattering and absorption were low and contributed equally to light attenuation.
In general, seagrasses were observed in areas where >7.5% of surface irradiance reached the plants and where optical properties
were not dominated by scattering. Although the prevention of eutrophication and nuisance algal blooms may be necessary for
preserving seagrass meadows in this system, our observations and model calculations indicate that nutrient control alone may
be insufficient to permit seagrass recolonization if optical properties are dominated by particulate scattering from resuspended
sediments. 相似文献