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1.
新阳矿9-10-11号煤层底板低于奥灰岩溶水位,承受水压较高,存在带压开采问题。依据矿区水文地质勘查资料,通过对9-10-11号煤层底板隔水岩层隔水性能、奥灰岩溶水富水程度、底板断裂构造发育情况、煤层底板承压大小以及采煤扰动底板破坏深度等突水因素分析,表明井田西南部断裂构造发育地段为突水危险区。分别采用突水系数法和突水危险度法对全井田9-10-11号煤层底板突水危险性进行评价,评价结果显示井田南部及断裂构造发育地段为突水危险区。理论分析与定量评价结果基本一致。针对9-10-11号煤层底板突水安全评价结果,提出了相应的防突水对策。 相似文献
2.
岩溶煤矿床防护层的防护效应评价——以邯郸王凤煤矿为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
煤矿突水现象实际上是防护层煤层底板隔水层水岩相互作用的结果。研究防护层对底板突水的抑制作用,是带水压采煤防止突水及解放水患煤层,特别是解放深部水患煤层的主要研究内容之一。在保护水资源、维护生态平衡的呼声越来越高的今天,大规模疏降煤矿岩溶地下水已经变得越来越不可取。本文在搜集大量实际资料和矿井现场试验、室内模拟试验的基础上,探讨了隔水层的防突机制;扬弃了奥灰底板突水的“下三带”的定性描述,提出了底板突水的新机理;总结出了王凤煤矿安全开采煤层判别式,并指出在无断裂构造的条件下,开采-50水平以上的下三层煤,突水可能性不大。 相似文献
3.
范各庄矿12煤底板突水过程模拟分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以范各庄煤矿水文地质条件为基础,建立了承压水上采煤的岩体水力学模型,应用岩石破裂过程渗流-应力耦合分析系统(RFPA2D-Flow)模拟分析了范各庄矿12煤层底板开采扰动下,裂隙形成、扩展到突水通道最终贯通形成突水的全过程。通过对损伤区分布、应力场和渗流场的演化分析,揭示了开采扰动及水压驱动下完整泥岩底板由隔水岩层到突水通道的演化过程,对突水通道进行了模拟定位,并对不同水压条件下含水砂岩层对底板突水的影响进行了分析。结果表明:12煤底板突水问题取决于含水砂岩中的水压力,在假设隔水层厚度不变时,水压力与突水系数呈正相关关系,随着水压的增大突水越易发生。该研究为12煤底板突水预测与防治提供了理论依据。 相似文献
4.
倾斜煤层底板破坏特征的微震监测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
带压开采是承压水上采煤的主要方法,底板采动破坏深度的确定是实现带压开采的关键和前提。针对底板采动破坏深度现场测量方法的局限性,特别是倾斜煤层(煤层倾角在25°～45°之间)底板采动破坏深度的现场测量。以桃园煤矿1066工作面为例,利用高精度微震监测技术,对承压水上倾斜煤层底板的采动破坏特征进行了连续的、动态监测。监测结果表明:(1)工作面运输巷(下顺槽)附近的底板比工作面回风巷(上顺槽)附近的底板破坏深度更深,破坏范围更大;(2)倾斜煤层工作面底板破坏形态整体呈现为一个下大上小的非对称形态。根据微震监测结果,确定了1066工作面回风巷和运输巷附近底板的最大破坏深度,划分了倾斜煤层工作面底板突水危险区域。将微震监测的倾斜煤层底板破坏深度与经验公式计算的底板破坏深度进行了对比,指出了经验公式存在的不足。 相似文献
5.
《岩土力学》2015,(11):3111-3120
深部开采突水具有突发性、滞后性和强致灾性等特点,研究突水通道成因、演变规律和致灾机制成为控制深部开采底板突水的关键。大量的防治水实践和理论证实,构造突水通道一般发生在构造与岩层接触面处,为此建立隐伏构造条块体突水判据模型,应用剪切破坏理论方法得到突水理论判据;借助深部承压水上底板断层扩展活化及导水通道演化物理模拟试验,研制了固-流耦合相似材料,选取模拟断层破坏活化的材料并进行了模拟材料的可行性分析;试验直观地展现了含隐伏断层底板在采动应力扰动和高承压水共同作用下底板裂隙形成、隐伏断层扩展、突水通道贯通的全过程。通过对试验监测数据和现象的解读,揭示了应力场-渗流场耦合作用下承压水体上采煤底板滞后突水的机制,并对突水路径形成的时空规律进行了分析探讨,为研究深部开采构造突水提供了新的方法和认识。 相似文献
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7.
渭北煤田5、10号煤层底板以下的奥陶系灰岩强含水层,水头压力大,对采煤的威胁严重,历史上曾经发生多次底板突水事故,造成重大人员伤亡。以澄合矿区为例,研究了带压开采防治水的技术路线,提出了底板注浆加固的防治水方法,并成功应用于董家河煤矿,不仅安全开采了5号煤层,而且保护了渭北地区岩溶水的统一水位标高,使区内各岩溶大泉流量稳定、黄河湿地生态安全得以保证,促进了生物多样性和工农业用水安全,为渭北及华北型煤田底板承压水体上带压安全采煤找到了技术途径。 相似文献
8.
随着煤矿开采深度的不断增加,带压开采已经成为深部矿井普遍应用的一种采煤方法,而带压水上采煤的关键问题之一是确定采动引起的底板破坏深度。针对董家河煤矿5号煤层开采引起的底板采动破坏深度开展相关研究,以该矿的507综采工作面开采为工程背景,采用理论分析和数值模拟相结合的办法,动态再现了整个底板岩层渐进破坏过程,并得出底板岩层的最大破坏深度为10-11 m,该结果与现场实测结果一致;同时给出了该矿底板岩层破坏深度与工作面斜长和埋深关系的经验公式。该结论为董家河煤矿带压开采工作面煤层底板突水预测与防治提供了科学依据。 相似文献
9.
随着煤矿开采深度的不断增加,带压开采已经成为深部矿井普遍应用的一种采煤方法,而带压水上采煤的关键问题之一是确定采动引起的底板破坏深度。针对董家河煤矿5号煤层开采引起的底板采动破坏深度开展相关研究,以该矿的507综采工作面开采为工程背景,采用理论分析和数值模拟相结合的办法,动态再现了整个底板岩层渐进破坏过程,并得出底板岩层的最大破坏深度为10~11 m,该结果与现场实测结果一致;同时给出了该矿底板岩层破坏深度与工作面斜长和埋深关系的经验公式。该结论为董家河煤矿带压开采工作面煤层底板突水预测与防治提供了科学依据。 相似文献
10.
断层参数对承压水体上采煤的影响分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据流固耦合理论,采用有限元数值模拟的方法,针对承压水体上采煤过程中断层参数(断距、倾角)对煤层、围岩的应力、变形和水压力变化的影响进行了模拟分析,探讨了存在断层时突水的机理和可能的突水点位置,并定量分析了防水煤柱的预留距离。得出以下结论:(1)当存在正断层时,多发生断层破坏型突水,而底板破坏型突水发生的几率较小;(2)突水性质和突水发生位置受断层断距和倾角的影响不大,煤层和采煤工作面附近的底板围岩都可能成为突水涌出点;(3)随着断层断距和倾角的增加,防水煤柱的合理留设距离应随之增大。以上结果可为实际矿井采煤防突水设计提供参考。 更多还原 相似文献
11.
Inter-regional correlation of transgressions and regressions in the Cretaceous period 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
T. Matsumoto 《Cretaceous Research》1980,1(4):359-373
Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous. 相似文献
12.
The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism. 相似文献
13.
K.Naganjaneyulu 《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,5(1):1-2
正The Precambrian shields and associated suture zones of the globe preserve important records of continental growth and destruction,the formation and closure of ocean basins,and the early evolution of the Earth in terms of tectonics,resources,and environment.They also offer critical clues on the nature and style 相似文献
14.
Daniel Harlov 《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,5(5):621-625
正1.Introduction This special issue of Geoscience Frontiers is a tribute volume honoring the life and career of Jacques Touret.A set of research papers has been assembled,which broadly reflect his research interests over his 50 plus year career.These papers focus on the role that fluids play during the formation and evolution of the Earth's crust.Below I provide a brief summary of the life of Jacques Touret,along with a select bibliography of his more important papers.This is then followed by a brief introduction to the papers assembled for this special issue. 相似文献
15.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,(1):139-141
正1 AIM AND SCOPE GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS(GSF)is a bi-monthly international journal that publishes in English high quality original research articles and timely reviews in interdisciplinary fields of Earth and Planetary Sciences.GSF aims to bridge innovative,provocative and challenging concepts and models related to various fields of research including petrology and geochemistry in understanding lithospheric architecture and mantle dynamics,global tectonics,economic geology and fuel exploration,geophysics,stratigraphy and paleontology with new 相似文献
16.
正The world petroleum exploration suggests that,about70%of the world’s potash resources were discovered during oil and gas exploration(Zheng et al.,2007).The Kuqa depression in the Tarim basin is abundant with petroleum exploration data,and 相似文献
17.
正Qarhan Salt Lake is located in the eastern part of the Qaidam Basin,which is first discovered the large potash deposit in the late 1950s.The Bieletan section is located in the west of Qarhan Salt Lake,where saline sediment 相似文献
18.
正With the approach of the 45th World Earth Day,China’s Ministry of Land and Resources issued the status of the Chinese geological survey and environments on 22nd April 2013.Regional geological survey in 2013 achieved new results—(why was oceanic in twice?)polar and oceanic expedition were fully completed,a national census of geography was begun,and 相似文献
19.
正1 Introduction The Lop Nor playa,located in the eastern end of the Tarim Basin,capped with a thick salt crust covering an area of approximately 5,500 km2(Ma 2007)that closely resembles a"Great Ear"in satellite images.Understanding the formation of the salt crust can provide important 相似文献
20.
In Liaoning, Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Gansu, Sichuan, Anhui, Jilin and other provinces in China, there is a wide occurrence of metal quantity over 1000 tons of refractory gold ores, principally because of low gold recoveries and become ＂stay mine＂. Features of refi＇actory gold ores are： gold in micro-particles or a microscopic state that is wrapped in pyrite, presence of arsenopyrite and other sulfide minerals or disseminated in the crystal lattice of sulfide minerals; harmful impurity elements such as arsenic, carbon, mercury, antimony, copper with high content are closely related with the gold, and these elements affect the contact reaction between the gold and solvent extraction, making the recovery of the gold extraction process low. In the past 20 years, overseas countries have developed the application of the roasting oxidation method, hot acid （alkali） oxidation, bacterial oxidation and flash chlorination oxidation technology to solve this problem.Among these, biological oxidation has developed rapidly in the domestic market and gold enterprises abroad because of its low investment in infrastructure, low production costs, less environmental pollution, simple process and easy control, etc. 相似文献