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1.
杨红  刘福来  杜利林  刘平华  王舫 《岩石学报》2012,28(9):2994-3014
大红山群是扬子地台西缘相对较老的地层单元,普遍经历了绿片岩相-低角闪岩相变质作用。其中部的曼岗河组、红山组已获得古元古代晚期~1.68Ga的成岩年龄,其底部的老厂河组却未有相关年龄的报道。大红山群的变质时代目前也无精确的年龄结果。本文以老厂河组厚层变质沉积岩中的薄层变质火山岩样品为研究对象,在岩相学研究的基础上,运用LA-ICP-MS方法对变质火山岩锆石进行原位U-Pb同位素定年及相关的微量、稀土元素测试,获得变质火山岩的原岩年龄和变质年龄:(1)老厂河组变质中酸性岩和变质基性岩中岩浆锆石微区的207Pb/206Pb加权平均年龄分别为1711±4Ma和1686±4Ma,限定老厂河组的形成年龄范围为1711~1686Ma;(2)变质基性岩(石榴斜长角闪岩)中变质锆石的206Pb/238U年龄为849±12Ma。本文结果表明,大红山群的形成时代可提早至1711±4Ma,又一次证明了扬子地台西缘古老结晶基底的存在;大红山群在~850Ma经历了一期新元古代变质事件,这期变质可能是与扬子地台西缘新元古代岩浆事件有关的区域变质事件。  相似文献   

2.
扬子地台西缘结晶基底的时代   总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26  
对扬子地台西缘结晶基底变质地层以及岩浆片麻岩中变质地层残片或包裹体中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素年龄研究表明,在康定地区辉长-闪长质片麻岩中,表壳岩包体-糜棱岩化的长英质片岩和宝兴地区黑云斜长角闪岩的年龄分别为816±8.6 Ma和826±13 Ma,代表了它们的原岩--酸性火山岩和火山凝灰岩的形成年龄;泸定地区变质岩层中长英质糜棱岩和斜长角闪岩的年龄分别为816±9 Ma和818±8 Ma,代表了中性火山岩和基性火山岩的形成时代;茨达地区斜长角闪岩和角闪黑云斜长片麻岩的年龄分别为830±7 Ma和827±10 Ma,代表了其原岩火山-沉积建造的形成时代.以上数据表明,所谓的结晶基底都是新元古代的产物,在形成时间上与盐边群、盐井群等褶皱基底的相一致,只是变质程度上略有差异.因此该区并不存在古老(太古宙-古元古代)的结晶基底.  相似文献   

3.
湖北红安群的原岩形成时代一直是个有争议的问题。笔者对红安群中两个不同类型的花岗质侵入体进行了锆石U-Pb定年,在位于红安群之下的双峰尖岩体中获得岩浆侵位年龄为(813±6)Ma,在侵入于红安群中的高格岩体获得岩浆侵位年龄为(638±142)Ma,高压变质年龄为(229±22)Ma。结合目前在扬子板块和大别造山带内部获得的一系列新元古代年代学数据,认为红安群变质杂岩中沉积地层的形成时代应限制在825~630Ma之间,是扬子大陆基底在新元古代裂解的产物。这套岩石在印支期(约230Ma)华北与扬子板块碰撞过程中经历了低温高压蓝片岩—榴辉岩相变质作用。  相似文献   

4.
通过柴达木盆地南缘(东昆仑北缘)原定为金水口群麻粒岩相片麻岩和花岗质岩石中锆石的SHRIMP测定,确定其麻粒岩相变质时代为460Ma±8Ma,而具有深熔成因特征的花岗质岩石深熔作用时间为402Ma±6Ma。这些年龄数据表明,金水口群经历了早古生代与麻粒岩相变质和深熔作用有关的构造热事件,原认为是柴达木地块的前寒武纪变质基底明显在早古生代造山过程中发生了活化作用。花岗质岩石的继承锆石给出了少量太古宙和大量1600~1800Ma之间的年龄,代表了其锆石的主要源区物质年龄,这与祁连—柴达木地区以及扬子地块的地壳形成年龄基本一致,反映柴南缘(东昆仑北缘)的变质基底与扬子克拉通具有明显的亲缘性。  相似文献   

5.
攀枝花-西昌(攀西)麻粒岩一直被认为是扬子陆块西缘变质程度最高和最古老的结晶基底岩石。最近从麻粒岩中获得的单颗粒锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,攀西麻粒岩的原岩可能形成于古元古代晚期(1870±24 Ma)。17件锆石U-Pb的谐和年龄(858-778 Ma)可能是麻粒岩受新元古代地幔柱活动影响,在快速冷却和抬升过程中发生角闪岩相退变质作用的时代。这一时间正是全球Rodinia超大陆由汇聚转变为裂解地球动力学系统发生改变的重要时期。  相似文献   

6.
普遍认为,扬子地台西缘前震旦系基底存在结晶基底和褶皱基底的双层(或三层)结构,河口群作为结晶基底与褶皱基底之间的过渡层位,其归属及形成时代仍存在争议.对河口群的深入研究,有助于深化认识扬子地台西缘基底结构的特点及演化过程.通过对会理县河口地区侵入于河口群中辉绿岩体的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年,获得1710±8 Ma...  相似文献   

7.
利用显微镜、地球化学、ELA-ICPMS定年等技术, 对鄂尔多斯盆地西缘汝箕沟大岭-鼓鼓台玄武岩及其样品中的锆石进行了内部结构、元素组成分析和原位定年。汝箕沟大岭-鼓鼓台玄武岩为典型的大陆拉斑玄武岩, 所获得的锆石年龄分别为1966±15 Ma、344±22 Ma和241±7 Ma, 其中1966±15 Ma为继承锆石年龄, 344±22 Ma为岩浆第一次分离结晶年龄, 而241±7 Ma代表了玄武质岩浆最后喷出时的锆石结晶年龄。可见, 中晚三叠世盆地西缘北部贺兰山地区处于区域挤压背景下的局部伸展环境, 可能为一小型裂谷盆地。  相似文献   

8.
杨红  刘福来  刘平华  王舫 《岩石学报》2013,29(6):2161-2170
大红山群是扬子地块西南缘出露的古元古代结晶基底,主要经历了绿片岩相-低角闪岩相变质作用.本研究对大红山群老厂河组变质中酸性岩和变质沉积岩——石榴白云母-长石石英片岩中的白云母进行了40Ar-39Ar测年,得到三个样品的坪年龄和40Ar/39Ar等时线年龄结果较统一,坪年龄代表的变质年龄分别为837.7±4.2Ma、839.6±4.2Ma和844.2±4.2Ma.变质沉积岩和变质中酸性岩的变质时代类似,均介于837~845Ma.大红山群变质基性岩中变质锆石的U-Pb定年年龄为849±12Ma(杨红等,2012),40Ar-39Ar测年数据与锆石定年数据相结合,说明大红山群古元古代结晶基底中的火山岩和沉积岩均在新元古代经历了同期变质作用,其主期低角闪岩相变质作用发生于新元古代837~850Ma.结合前人发表的扬子西缘~750Ma的变质年龄,扬子西缘从北向南的区域变质作用时限可扩展到750 ~850Ma.此外,扬子西缘存在750~850Ma的岩浆事件,本文研究结果说明,扬子地块西缘在新元古代不仅发生了大规模岩浆作用,也发生了750~850Ma的区域变质作用,扬子西缘存在新元古代的岩浆-变质事件.岩浆事件与变质事件之间可能存在相关性,即新元古代岩浆作用引起了扬子西缘的区域动力热流变质作用.  相似文献   

9.
缅萨洼金矿位于扬子地台西缘龙门山锦屏山造山带南段,扬子地台与松潘甘孜造山带的过渡地带,是与剪切带有关的金矿床.本文通过对蚀变花岗岩和含金石英脉两类矿石中的绢云母进行40Ar/39Ar快中子活化年龄测试,获得蚀变花岗岩中绢云母坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为23.31±0.07 Ma和23.26±0.42 Ma;含金石英脉中绢云母的坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为22.98±0.31 Ma和22.58±0.31 Ma.这些数据表明缅萨洼金矿成矿作用主要发生在23 Ma左右,这对于认识扬子地台西缘金矿床形成的地球动力学背景具有重要意义.  相似文献   

10.
本文首次对佳木斯地块西缘、张广才岭东侧英城子金矿区出露的大面积黑云母碱长花岗岩,进行了锆石LA-ICP MS U-Pb年代学精细研究。实验共获得四组单颗粒锆石U-Pb谐和年龄,它们分别为612±4Ma、495.2±2.7Ma、476.8±5.5Ma和431±3Ma;其中612±4Ma具有指示晚元古代增生地壳过程形成的花岗岩锆石特征,495.2±2.7Ma的U-Pb年龄与区域内麻山群的变质作用时间相吻合,431±3Ma的年龄与早古生代晚期的区域变质作用时间吻合,而476.8±5.5Ma的锆石年龄则代表黑云母碱长花岗岩的真实结晶年龄。这项成果记录了该地区在中一新元古代时期曾发生过重要的地壳增生事件,增生后的地壳被打开形成大洋;至早古生代早期,两侧的地体发生拼贴,引起区域麻山群发生麻粒岩相的变质作用、形成花岗质片麻岩;在早古生代晚期,佳木斯地块西缘的陆间洋最终闭合,形成具有壳源特征同碰撞花岗岩,之后的韧性变形作用可能为金矿床的形成提供了有利条件。  相似文献   

11.
从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压,而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩,榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中,并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体,表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用,且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次(或阶段)却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断:超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部(俯冲板块前部)形成的;榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的,其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升,遭受剥蚀。  相似文献   

12.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上,进行了稳定性数值模拟分析,定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明:该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成,对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害,必须采取相应的工程治理措施。  相似文献   

13.
摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
陈银生 《世界地质》1999,18(1):54-59
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。  相似文献   

14.
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.  相似文献   

15.
混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
通过烧杯搅拌实验对混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液进行研究,从混凝剂适应PH值范围、混凝效果、沉降速度三方面研究比较,找出一种较为理想的混凝剂,并分析了影响混凝剂性能的主要因素,确定了混凝剂的最佳投放剂量。  相似文献   

16.
黄河源区水环境变化及黄河出现冬季断流的原因   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
自1954年有水文观测资料以来,黄河曾在青海省玛多县黄河沿水文站发生过3次断流。本文在分析黄河源区水环境特征及其影响因素的基础上指出,鄂陵湖、扎陵湖的环湖融区调节能力低,当遇到连续干旱、冬季其调节水量不足以维系黄河径流时便会发生断流,这是断流的主因。湖水位降低、开采沙金、过度放牧等自然和人为因素也会对黄河发生断流产生影响。鄂陵湖口附近黄河上修建的水电站开始蓄水,提高了两湖及环湖融区的调节能力,今后黄河冬季出现断流的可能性将大为降低。  相似文献   

17.
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.  相似文献   

18.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the  相似文献   

19.
Climate: Is the past the key to the future?   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
 The climate of the Holocene is not well suited to be the baseline for the climate of the planet. It is an interglacial, a state typical of only 10% of the past few million years. It is a time of relative sea-level stability after a rapid 130-m rise from the lowstand during the last glacial maximum. Physical geologic processes are operating at unusual rates and much of the geochemical system is not in a steady state. During most of the Phanerozoic there have been no continental ice sheets on the earth, and the planet’s meridional temperature gradient has been much less than it is presently. Major factors influencing climate are insolation, greenhouse gases, paleogeography, and vegetation; the first two are discussed in this paper. Changes in the earth’s orbital parameters affect the amount of radiation received from the sun at different latitudes over the course of the year. During the last climate cycle, the waxing and waning of the northern hemisphere continental ice sheets closely followed the changes in summer insolation at the latitude of the northern hemisphere polar circle. The overall intensity of insolation in the northern hemisphere is governed by the precession of the earth’s axis of rotation, and the precession and ellipticity of the earth’s orbit. At the polar circle a meridional minimum of summer insolation becomes alternately more and less pronounced as the obliquity of the earth’s axis of rotation changes. Feedback processes amplify the insolation signal. Greenhouse gases (H2O, CO2, CH4, CFCs) modulate the insolation-driven climate. The atmospheric content of CO2 during the last glacial maximum was approximately 30% less than during the present interglacial. A variety of possible causes for this change have been postulated. The present burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and cement manufacture since the beginning of the industrial revolution have added CO2 to the atmosphere when its content due to glacial-interglacial variation was already at a maximum. Anthropogenic activity has increased the CO2 content of the atmosphere to 130% of its previous Holocene level, probably higher than at any time during the past few million years. During the Late Cretaceous the atmospheric CO2 content was probably about four times that of the present, the level to which it may rise at the end of the next century. The results of a Campanian (80 Ma) climate simulation suggest that the positive feedback between CO2 and another important greenhouse gas, H2O, raised the earth’s temperature to a level where latent heat transport became much more significant than it is presently, and operated efficiently at all latitudes. Atmospheric high- and low-pressure systems were as much the result of variations in the vapor content of the air as of temperature differences. In our present state of knowledge, future climate change is unpredictable because by adding CO2 to the atmosphere we are forcing the climate toward a “greenhouse” mode when it is accustomed to moving between the glacial–interglacial “icehouse” states that reflect the waxing and waning of ice sheets. At the same time we are replacing freely transpiring C3 plants with water-conserving C4 plants, producing a global vegetation complex that has no past analog. The past climates of the earth cannot be used as a direct guide to what may occur in the future. To understand what may happen in the future we must learn about the first principles of physics and chemistry related to the earth’s system. The fundamental mechanisms of the climate system are best explored in simulations of the earth’s ancient extreme climates. Received: 7 November 1996/Accepted: 23 January 1997  相似文献   

20.
The Elder problem is an example of a density driven flow, motivated by experiments of a thermally driven convection in porous media. It is a mathematical benchmark problem used for code verification of density driven flow simulators and comparison of issues related to its numerical treatment. Its bifurcation diagram with respect to the Rayleigh number is investigated on a hierarchy of uniformly refined grids. Eleven stationary solutions are shown to exist for the Elder problem. Similar solutions can be found using the Boussinesq approximation. Despite this similarity the corresponding bifurcation diagrams are shown to be topologically not equivalent. This gives rise to serious doubts on the validity of Boussinesq approximation for this model problem. Grid convergence is investigated for the numerically obtained solutions.  相似文献   

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