粤西高枨铅锌银矿区黑云母花岗岩的年代学及岩石成因   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

赵海杰  余长发  关炳庭  胡耀国  徐明君 《岩石学报》2012,28(12):3951-3966

粤西高枨大型铅锌银矿赋存在黑云母花岗岩中,本文采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年获得黑云母花岗岩的结晶年龄为429±13Ma,为早志留世,属于加里东期岩浆活动的产物。详细的地球化学分析显示岩石的SiO₂含量为(64.33%~74.54%,平均为68.67%),Al₂O₃含量偏高(13.88%~16.61%),碱质含量高(K₂O+Na₂O=5.31%~7.89%),低P₂O₅(<0.25%)含量,强过铝质(A/CNK=1.07~1.32)。岩石富集LREE和Rb、K、U、Pb,贫Ba、Sr、Nb、P、Ti元素,铕呈负异常(Eu/Eu^*=0.38~0.90)。以上特征表明该岩体属于钙碱性强过铝质花岗岩。经年龄校正后的²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb,²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb 和²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值分别为17.458~18.131、15.563~15.638和37.547~38.406。Sr初始值变化范围较大((⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.7091~0.7259),但ε_Nd(429Ma) 值相对较低 (-8.9~-6.1),暗示岩体来源于元古代(t_2DM=1.67~1.83Ga)的地壳组分,其源岩主要为含少量泥质的砂岩质组成。结合区域地质背景的综合分析,认为高枨黑云母花岗岩与华夏板块与扬子板块发生板内碰撞-拼合事件有关,由元古代地壳物质重熔形成的形成的S型花岗岩。  相似文献   

内蒙古敖包吐铅锌矿床花岗岩类年代学及其地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

董旭舟  周振华  王润和  李进文  何姝 《矿床地质》2014,33(2):323-338

内蒙古敖包吐铅锌矿是大兴安岭南段成矿带上新发现的矿床,成矿与花岗闪长斑岩关系密切。对矿区内花岗闪长斑岩和花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,形成年龄分别为（140.0±0.5）Ma（MSWD=1.3）和（151.6±0.4）Ma（MSWD=1.2）,为晚侏罗世—早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。岩石地球化学测试结果显示,花岗闪长斑岩具有高硅（w（SiO₂）=65.51%~67.85%）,富碱（w（Na₂O+K₂O）=6.86%~7.81%）,贫P₂O₅的特征,A/CNK在0.95~1.02之间,富集微量元素K、Rb、Nd,亏损Ta、Nb、P、Ti,为I型花岗岩。花岗岩的A/CNK值为1.58,属强过铝质岩石。Rb/Sr比值大于0.9,为S型花岗岩。敖包吐花岗岩的全岩Pb同位素组成显示,其²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb为18.398~18.755,²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb为15.534~15.541,²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb为38.386~38.542,铅具有混合来源特征。岩浆很可能来源于岩石圈地幔,并受到一定程度的混染。敖包吐花岗岩类可能与兴蒙造山带东段的后碰撞环境有关,并受到与古太平洋板块俯冲有关的弧后伸展影响。  相似文献   

藏东同普杂岩体年代学、地球化学、Sr-Nd同位素特征及大地构造意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

吴涛  肖龙  马昌前  黄婉 《岩石学报》2013,29(10):3567-3580

同普杂岩体位于藏东江达地区。本文对该杂岩体岩相学、年代学、主微量元素以及Sr-Nd同位素进行了详细的研究。结果表明,该杂岩体主要由石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、含黑云母花岗岩和斑状花岗岩4种岩石类型组成,前三者形成时代分别为262.8±1.5Ma、263.9±1.9Ma、263.7±1.6Ma。其中,含黑云母花岗岩与斑状花岗岩呈渐变过渡关系,它们和花岗闪长岩一起均具有高SiO₂(65.1%~76.6%)、高K₂O+Na₂O(4.84%~8.13%),低MgO(0.25%~2.28%),低FeO^T(0.99%~4.44%),高A/CNK值(除一件样品外两者A/CNK值均大于1.1),以及Ba、Sr、Eu亏损等,均符合强过铝质S型花岗岩的特征。但前两者与后者CaO/Na₂O、Rb/Ba、Rb/Sr值均存在明显差异,哈克图解上也不存在线性关系,表明它们源区存在差异。石英闪长岩则具有相对低的SiO₂(54.2%~55.4%)、低K₂O+Na₂O(3.15%~4.72%),高MgO(3.78%~4.79%),高FeO^T(6.13%~8.09%)等特征。其还具有明显的Nb负异常,不具有Sr的负异常,以及轻稀土相对富集等,均符合岛弧岩浆岩的特征。Sr-Nd同位素特征显示,斑状花岗岩与花岗闪长岩具有相似的初始Sr比值(分别为0.7099,0.7125)和ε_Nd(t)值(分别为-8.6,-10.3),而石英闪长岩则具有较低的初始Sr比值(0.7062),较高的ε_Nd(t)值(1.37)。前两者均落入研究区S型花岗岩与高硅流纹岩区域,后者落在金沙江MORB的下方。通过综合分析,本文认为同普杂岩体形成于火山弧环境,且各岩石类型具有不同的源区:含黑云母花岗岩、斑状花岗岩与花岗闪长岩的源区分别为古老的泥质变质岩和贫泥质的变质砂岩;石英闪长岩则来自富集地幔。表明在晚二叠世早期(~263Ma)金沙江洋盆仍处于俯冲阶段,江达地区主要受金沙江洋盆俯冲消减体系控制而非地幔柱体系。  相似文献   

皖南旌德花岗闪长岩与暗色包体的成因: 地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学与Hf同位素制约   总被引：12，自引：7，他引：5  

张俊杰  王光杰  杨晓勇  孙卫东  戴圣潜 《岩石学报》2012,28(12):4047-4063

旌德复式岩体位于安徽南部,主体相花岗闪长岩中发育暗色包体。本文对花岗闪长岩与暗色包体进行了岩相学观察、全岩主微量元素分析、锆石U-Pb定年与Hf同位素测试。岩相学观察发现暗色包体为典型岩浆岩结构,且发育针状磷灰石。主量元素分析数据表明花岗闪长岩的SiO₂含量为66.04%~67.80%;暗色包体的SiO₂含量为54.63%~54.77%,为二长闪长岩。花岗闪长岩的Mg^#=38~40;暗色包体的Mg^#=44~45。微量元素分析数据表明花岗闪长岩与暗色包体的REE球粒陨石标准化图呈右倾型,Eu负异常;大离子亲石元素富集,高场强元素亏损。锆石U-Pb年代学与Hf同位素研究表明,花岗闪长岩与暗色包体的年龄分别为139.7±1.3Ma和142.3±1.7Ma,在误差范围内一致。花岗闪长岩锆石的ε_Hf(t)为-2.5~0.4,地壳模式年龄(t_DM^C)为1170~1350Ma;暗色包体锆石的ε_Hf(t)为-5.2~1.8,地壳模式年龄(t_DM^C)为1090~1530Ma。两者的t_DM^C峰值都在1.2~1.3Ga。这些数据表明花岗闪长岩中的暗色包体为同源岩浆混合成因,源区为年轻地壳,有可能为中新元古代古华南洋壳俯冲扬子板块形成的火山岛弧。旌德花岗闪长岩在Pearce et al.(1984)的构造判别图上落在岛弧花岗岩区。在Sr/Y-Y图解上落在经典岛弧岩浆岩区。花岗闪长岩的岩浆Zr饱和温度低(630~680℃),与锆石钛温度计(630~720℃)给出的结果基本一致。锆石的Ce(Ⅳ)/Ce(Ⅲ)高(240~530),指示岩浆具有高的氧逸度。旌德岩体的低温与高氧逸度特征说明岩体的源区物质受到过洋壳俯冲的影响。旌德岩体的成因可能与太平洋板块后撤诱发的地壳部分熔融有关。  相似文献   

北秦岭太白山晚中生代正长花岗岩成因及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张志华  赖绍聪  秦江锋 《岩石学报》2014,30(11):3242-3254

本文对北秦岭中段太白岩体北部正长花岗岩进行了系统研究.结果表明,岩石为高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩,SiO₂=68.49%~72.84%,富Al₂O₃(14.13%~16.48%),相对富K₂O,K₂O/Na₂O=0.45~1.57(多数样品大于1),A/CNK=0.97~1.05,属于准铝质-铝质系列.岩石富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE),具弱负Eu 异常(δEu=0.58~0.89),高Sr、低Yb/Y.正长花岗岩锶同位素初始比值I_Sr=0.7053~0.7112,ε_Nd(t)=-18.6~-0.1(平均为-9.2),二阶段模式年龄t_2DM值为0.83~2.11Ga,变化较大,显示其源区主要为古老的壳源物质.铅同位素比值²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=17.492~17.524,²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=15.470~15.485,²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=37.750~38.097,与南秦岭基底相近.锆石U-Pb年龄为153.17±0.89Ma和151.0±1.4Ma,形成于晚中生代.太白正长花岗岩源于古老地壳物质的部分熔融,并有年轻幔源组分的参与,形成于挤压向伸展转换的深部动力学背景.  相似文献   

西藏波密花岗岩体的年代学、地球化学特征及其意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李炜恺  谢锦程  董国臣  莫宣学  赵志丹  王天赐 《岩石学报》2013,29(11):3745-3754

波密岩体位于西藏东南部,处于班公湖-怒江蛇绿混杂岩带与印度河-雅鲁藏布蛇绿混杂岩带之间,整体呈NW向延伸,面积约29km²。本文对波密花岗岩体进行了系统的岩石学、地球化学及同位素年代学研究。结果显示,波密岩体主要以黑云母石英闪长岩与黑云母花岗闪长岩为主,两个花岗闪长岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为113.1±2.3Ma和113.4±2.1Ma。花岗岩类SiO₂介于64.11%~66.63%,K₂O+Na₂O=6.36%~7.54%,全碱含量较高,属于高钾钙碱系列。稀土元素含量为114.9×10^-6~182.8×10^-6,分配曲线均呈右倾趋势。另外,A/CNK为0.80~0.95,波密岩体有高K,高Si,低P的特点,大离子亲石元素(Rb、K)富集,高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P、Ti)亏损,属于偏铝质I型花岗岩。2件样品37个测点的锆石ε_Hf(t)值不均一,几乎全为负值(-13.72~-0.08),反映岩浆可能源于古老地壳;地壳模式年龄(t_DM^C)集中于891~2047Ma之间。综合分析波密岩体地球化学及锆石年龄数据,均与中冈底斯及弧背断隆带中早白垩世的岩体特征相似。因此本文推断波密岩体的成因为中冈底斯早白垩世带状岩浆大爆发事件在东部的延续。  相似文献   

福建龙岩大洋-莒舟花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征及其地质意义   总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10  

张承帅  苏慧敏  于淼  胡兆国 《岩石学报》2012,28(1):225-242

马坑铁矿是一个大型层控矽卡岩型矿床,大洋、莒舟花岗岩分布于铁矿东西两侧,与铁矿关系密切。本文利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年法测得莒舟花岗岩年龄为129.6±0.8Ma,MSWD=2.3,利用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年法测得大洋花岗岩年龄为132.6±1.3Ma,MSWD=1.3,它们都形成于早白垩世,与马坑铁矿辉钼矿Re-Os年龄(130~133Ma)一致。大洋-莒舟花岗岩具高硅、富碱、贫钙镁和高分异指数等特点,属弱过铝或准铝质花岗岩;岩石稀土元素含量较高,配分模式呈轻稀土富集并缓向右倾斜,呈明显铕负异常的"V"型展布;微量元素具有Rb、U、Th、La等元素强烈富集而Ba、Sr、P、Ti 等元素相对亏损的特点;大洋岩体的(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_ⅰ值变化于0.70878~0.71349之间;ε_Nd(t)值变化于-7.2~-8.6之间,f_Sm/Nd=-0.27~0.16,t_2DM =1511~1637Ma,(²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i=18.588~18.955,(²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i=15.660~15.682,(²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i=38.935~39.168,μ值介于9.54~9.59,ω值介于36. 77~38.13。岩石地球化学和同位素组成特征表明大洋-莒舟花岗岩属于高分异壳源型花岗岩,形成于岩石圈减薄的背景下。花岗岩主要来源于元古代地壳物质,有EMⅡ型富集地幔组分的参与,使花岗岩的地壳留存年龄的降低(1.51~1.63Ga)。  相似文献   

内蒙古查干敖包三叠纪碱性石英闪长岩的地球化学特征及成因   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

张万益  聂凤军  高延光  刘妍 《岩石学报》2012,28(2):525-534

近年来在西伯利亚板块南缘发现多处三叠纪碱性花岗岩, 构成了一个碱性花岗岩带。产出在该碱性花岗岩带上的查干敖包石英闪长岩岩体,SHRIMP 年龄为237Ma。本文通过元素地球化学和同位素地球化学分析,结果显示SiO₂含量60.70%~62.67%,平均值61.76%;K₂O+Na₂O为9.18%~10.48%,平均值9.74%,且Na₂O＞K₂O。这些岩石具有REE总量为(236.3~260.0)×10^-6,平均246.5×10^-6,右斜式稀土配分模式,LREE/HREE为18.91~20.11,平均19.48,显示微弱的Eu负异常的特征。它们也表现高的Sr和Ba含量、低的Y含量,其中Sr为1216×10^-6~2028×10^-6,平均为1707×10^-6,Ba为1597×10^-6~1947×10^-6,平均为1717×10^-6。Y为12.9×10^-6~16.5×10^-6,平均为15.3×10^-6。²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb比值为18.172~18.529,平均值为18.314,²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值为15.465~15.529,平均值为15.503,²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值为37.831~38.120,平均值为38.016;初始锶比较集中,变化于0.70405~0.70411,平均0.70408;¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd的比值为0.0671~0.0679,平均0.06747;¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd的比值变化范围为0.512605~0.512631,平均值为0.512619。ε_Nd(t)均为正值,变化范围为3.3~3.8,平均3.5。Pb、Sr、Nd同位素特征均显示地幔来源的特征。这些地球化学和同位素特征值指示查干敖包石英闪长岩属于碱性岩类,源于西伯利亚板块与中朝板块碰撞后,由残留的古老俯冲洋壳部分熔融并经过富钾的基性幔源物质污染而成,与中朝板块北缘的三叠纪碱性岩带属同一期次岩浆活动的产物。该成果为西伯利亚板块与中朝板块碰撞闭合的时限提供了新证据。  相似文献   

滇西北羊拉铜矿矿区花岗岩成因及其构造意义   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

朱经经  胡瑞忠  毕献武  钟宏  陈恒  叶雷  龙斐 《岩石学报》2011,27(9):2553-2566

羊拉铜矿位于金沙江缝合带中段,贝吾、里农和路农岩体在矿区内从北向南呈线状分布。3个岩体主要岩性为花岗闪长岩,具有相似的地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素组成特征,反映它们可能具有相同岩浆源区。岩体具高的SiO₂(64%~73%)、较高的K₂O(2.15%~4.05%)和低的P₂O₅(0.04%~0.11%)含量,δ(里特曼指数)=1.4~2.4,铝饱和指数(摩尔Al₂O₃/(CaO+Na₂O+K₂O))为0.92~1.11。同时3个岩体均富集Rb、Th、U、Pb和LREE等元素,显著亏损Nb、Ta、Ti和P等元素。10000Ga/Al比值(1.7~2.1)较典型A型花岗岩偏低,Eu负异常不明显,这些特征表明3个岩体属于准铝-弱过铝质的、高钾钙碱系列I型花岗岩。与区域上大陆地壳物质相比(如临沧黑云母二长花岗岩和川西沙坝麻粒岩),贝吾、里农和路农岩体具有相对低的(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i (0.7078~0.7105)和相对高的ε_Nd(t)(-5.1~-6.7),并具古老的Nd同位素二阶段模式年龄(t_DM2=1.5Ga)。结合花岗岩体内部发育大量的同时代的暗色微粒包体(MME),认为岩浆源区存在幔源物质的加入。区域地质背景分析表明,贝吾、里农和路农岩体很可能是在中咱微陆块与昌都-思茅微陆块碰撞的晚期或后碰撞的动力学背景之下,由底侵的幔源基性岩浆及其诱发的中下地壳长英质岩浆在深部岩浆房混合,并经一定程度的分离结晶作用而形成。  相似文献   

大兴安岭北端洛古河东花岗岩的地球化学、SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石成因   总被引：15，自引：7，他引：8  

武广  陈衍景  赵振华  赵太平  李之彤  张哲 《岩石学报》2009,25(2):233-247

大兴安岭北端漠河县洛古河东岩体主要岩石类型为二长花岗斑岩、正长花岗斑岩和石英二长斑岩,内部可见闪长质微粒包体,属高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩。花岗岩的元素地球化学和锆石SHRIMP铀-铅年代学研究结果表明,洛古河东岩体形成于早白垩世,其花岗斑岩体的锆石SHRIMP铀-铅年龄为129.8±2.2Ma。花岗岩的SiO₂含量介于68.03%~74.32%之间,Al₂O₃含量介于13.06%~14.55%之间,Na₂O/ K₂O介于0.45~0.86之间,铝饱和指数为0.94~1.11,Mg^#指数介于18~42之间且多小于30。稀土元素总量为160.00×10^-6 ~ 235.15×10^-6,δEu介于0.31~0.52,(La/Yb)_N介于8.99~17.87,为轻稀土富集型。岩体Sr含量低,介于118×10^-6 ~ 268×10^-6之间,而Y含量高,介于16.9×10^-6~ 26.1×10^-6之间,Sr/Y比值低,介于5.62~13.81之间,属低锶高钇型岩石。在原始地幔标准化的微量元素蛛网图中,Rb、Th、U、K、Zr、Hf和轻稀土元素（如La、Ce、Nd和Sm等）富集,Ba、Sr、P和Ti等元素强烈亏损,Nb和Ta具有中等-弱亏损。主量、稀土和微量元素特征表明,岩石具后碰撞花岗岩类的地球化学特征,属后碰撞花岗岩。岩体ε_Nd (t)值介于-3.45~-2.64,平均-3.01;亏损地幔Nd模式年龄介于969~1131Ma之间,平均1018Ma;锶初始比值 (I_Sr)介于0.702486~0.707269之间,平均0.705434;钾长石²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb、²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb和²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb比值变化范围分别为18.5939~18.6721、15.6019~15.6058和38.4058~38.5249,平均值分别为18.6426、15.6035和38.4613;岩体中的钾长石氧同位素组成很低,δ¹⁸O (‰)值介于-8.1 ~ 4.1之间,多为负值,表明洛古河东岩体为低¹⁸O花岗岩。Nd、Sr、Pb和O同位素组成显示洛古河东岩体形成于含有较多幔源成分的源区物质的部分熔融作用,推测源区主要为Rodinia超大陆会聚过程中（中元古代—新元古代之交）形成的初生地壳。由于古亚洲洋和蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋分别于古生代末期和二叠纪—中侏罗世闭合,因此大兴安岭北端早白垩世花岗岩应该形成于中朝-蒙古大陆与西伯利亚大陆碰撞造山过程的后碰撞阶段。  相似文献   

Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites     

S. Viswanathan  K. Surya Prakash Rao  B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627

Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.  相似文献   

硅酸盐类样品中硅、铁、铝、钛、锰、钙、镁、钾、钠和磷的x射线荧光光谱测定     

肖德明  甘璇玑  卜正才 《铀矿地质》1986,(4)

本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。  相似文献   

高压微波消解法测定醋酸纤维过滤器采集的微尘粒子中的砷镉钴铬铜铁锰镍铅钒锌     

奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306

最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提  相似文献   

Isotopic systematics of He,Ar, S,Cu, Ni,Re, Os,Pb, U,Sm, Nd,Rb, Sr,Lu, and Hf in the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits     

E. M. Prasolov  S. A. Sergeev  B. V. Belyatsky  E. S. Bogomolov  K. A. Gruzdov  I. N. Kapitonov  R. Sh. Krymsky  V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64

This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, ³⁴S/³²S, ⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu, ⁶²Ni/⁶⁰Ni, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ^206–208Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

Viscous, cohesive, non-Newtonian, depositing, radial slurry flow     

Habib Alehossein   《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2009,93(1):11-19

Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.  相似文献   

硅酸盐中铁、锰、钛、钙、钾、磷、硅、铝、镁、钠、锶、铷、钡的X-射线荧光光谱定量测定   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李国会  刘德慧  苏幼銮 《物探与化探》1986,10(1):60-65

本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。  相似文献   

岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

杨建平金振民  欧新功徐海军 《岩石学报》2005,21(2):427-437

在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。  相似文献   

Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Harvey E. Belkin  Harold M. Sparck 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(2):106-110

The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources.  相似文献   

滇东南花岗岩与锡、银、铜、铅、锌多金属矿床的成因关系   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

张洪培  刘继顺  李晓波  章霞林 《地质找矿论丛》2006,21(2):87-90

滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床.  相似文献   

Bellechester,Minnesota, USA,lagoon collapses     

Alexander  E. C.  Broberg  J. S.  Kehren  A. R.  Graziani  M. M.  Turri  W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361

Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×10⁶ 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m³ of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes.  相似文献