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1.
钾镁煌斑岩型金刚石矿床找矿准则和找矿判别模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用钾镁煌斑岩的地质特征、标型矿物和岩石化学参数,预测钾镁煌斑岩含金刚石的可能性,指导金刚石的普查找矿工作,国内外学者已做过一定的研究,总结出一些有效的成矿规律。我们在前人研究的基础上,收集了若干典型含金刚石钾镁煌斑岩、不含金刚石钾镁煌斑岩及与钾镁煌斑岩相似岩石的各种地质资料,总结了对形成金刚石有利或不利的地质因素, 相似文献
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贵州东部镇远地区钾镁煌斑岩的矿物学和岩石学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过对贵州东部镇远地区的一套偏碱性的基性超基性煌斑岩的矿物学及岩石学研究，发现该套岩石具有多种钾镁煌斑岩的特征矿物和结构：含钛的钾碱镁闪石、钛金云母、低铝透辉石、含铁透长石，以及金云母的嵌晶状结构、橄榄石的＂犬牙＂结构。在岩石地球化学方面，它们与世界典型地区的钾镁煌斑岩相似。根据对比鉴定，将这套岩石定名为：（１）金云母钾镁煌斑岩；（２）含橄榄石嵌晶状钾镁煌斑岩。 相似文献
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钾镁煌斑岩是一类较为特殊的火山成因或浅成的超基性岩,是一种重要的深源岩石,是深源岩浆活动的标志性产物,可作为了解地幔信息的窗口,也作为继金伯利岩之后的另一种金刚石寄主岩被持续关注.全球最优质的金刚石产于钾镁煌斑岩中,主要分布于西澳阿盖尔等地.中国钾镁煌斑岩主要分布于黔湘一带、山西饮牛沟、山东大井头、湖北大洪山和西昆仑克里阳地区,综合分析认为,钾镁煌斑岩主要分布于深大断裂附近,中国钾镁煌斑岩受江南台隆西缘的都匀—贵阳—铜仁—怀化深断裂、常德—安仁深断裂以及郯庐断裂带等深大断裂带控制;贵州镇远马坪、湖南宁乡云影窝、山东平邑大井头等钾镁煌斑岩有原生金刚石产出,钾镁煌斑岩的金刚石成矿潜力仍然有待深入研究,尤以湘黔钾镁煌斑岩带、郯庐断裂带大井头等地可望突破.钾镁煌斑岩的标志性矿物有富钛贫铝金云母、钾碱镁闪石、镁橄榄石、镁铝榴石、铬尖晶石、铬铁矿等.其中S1、S2组贫铝富镁铬铁矿对钾镁煌斑岩中金刚石的形成有指示意义.中国钾镁煌斑岩活动具多期性,其中晚侏罗世—早白垩世(147—100 Ma)时期属于中国含金刚石钾镁煌斑岩和相关的金-稀土等金属矿产的重要成矿时期. 相似文献
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本文总结了大同采凉山饮牛沟钾镁煌斑岩地质学、岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学与矿物学特征及其形成的区域地质构造背景,与世界典型地区及其它地区的钾镁煌斑岩进行了对比,并探讨了其找矿意义。山西大同地区沿采凉山深断裂分布两个金伯利岩带,一个位于采凉山深断裂北部,与钾镁煌斑岩和煌斑岩共生;另一个位于南部与碱性玄武岩共生,饮牛沟钾镁煌斑岩由六种岩石组成;金云母透辉透长钾镁煌斑岩、霓辉金云透长钾镁煌斑岩、钾碱镁闪石金云钾镁煌斑岩、钾碱镁闪石透辉透长钾镁煌斑岩、金云透长钾镁煌斑岩、金云透辉白榴钾镁煌斑岩。饮牛沟钾镁煌斑岩的主要成分为金云母、单斜辉石、钾碱镁闪石、假象白榴石和透长石,岩石含TiO_2低(0.98%~1.29%)、K/Na(3.18~6.05)和(K+Na)/A1(0.88~1.13)高,Rb、Sr、Ba、Zr含量高,饮牛沟岩体多数岩石为与世界各地相似的钾镁煌斑岩。 相似文献
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本文分析了大洪山区钾镁煌班岩中的矿物特征,利用造岩矿物和副矿物的电子探针分析结果与西溴含金刚石钾镁煌斑岩中相应矿物进行对比。并用特征副矿物镁铝榴石、铬铁矿的化学成分作Cr_2O_3—CaO图,Cr_2O_3-MgO图,利用Cr/(Cr+Al)的比值参数,判别岩体的含矿性。认为该区钾镁煌斑岩目前虽然尚未发现金刚石,但成矿有利因素较多。 相似文献
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本文主要讨论川滇西部地区钾质煌斑岩的矿物岩石学简要特征、产出构造背景及其与西澳大利亚、贵州的钾镁煌斑岩对比,以判断扬子板块寻找含金刚石的钾镁煌斑岩的有利地区。 西澳含金刚石的钾镁煌斑岩为板内岩浆活动产物,富含Ba、K、Rb、Sr、挥发份和轻稀上,K2O/Na2O比值>10,K2O/Al2O3比值≤1.2,TiO2(2.64～8.12%)含量高,属高钾、贫铝、贫钠、富钛的超钾质岩系。爆发速度快,属未分异的高爆发特点的火山角砾凝灰质橄榄钾镁煌斑岩类。 川滇西部地区不含金刚石的橄辉钾质煌斑岩类为板块边缘岩浆活动产物,产于造山带和推覆构造环境,为K2O/Na2O、K2O/Al2O3比值低(表1),钾、钛含量中等,钠、铝弱饱和的钾质岩系。挥发分含量低,熔岩喷发速度慢,属分异的超浅成相钾质煌斑岩脉类,只有少量爆发火山角砾凝灰岩类。 相似文献
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西昆仑北缘钾镁煌斑岩及超镁铁岩地质特征 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
帕拉提·阿布都卡迪尔 《新疆地质》2000,18(2):163-166
产于塔里木地台铁克力克隆起内的钾镁煌夺岩石化学成分与亚洲钾煌斑岩的平均岩这成分接近,与澳大利亚西后利地区钾镁煌斑岩一致。稀土元素、微量元素组成与世界已 知钾镁煌斑岩具有相同特征。铁克力克隆起南缘柯岗－塔伦深断裂南阔绰人串珠状分布的超镁铁岩体,与钾镁煌斑岩具有相同的地质背景。该深断裂与西昆仑北缘深断裂交汇处是寻找含矿钾镁煌斑岩的有利部位。 相似文献
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贵州镇远马坪"东方一号"岩体为中国最早发现的原生金刚石矿,受当时只有金伯利岩才含金刚石矿及后来西澳阿盖尔钾镁煌斑岩型金刚石原生矿等的影响,先后定名为金伯利岩、钾镁煌斑岩、金云火山岩等。最近专题调查分析研究表明,镇远马坪地区含金刚石母岩,其岩石学矿物学和地球化学特征均更接近澳大利亚典型金伯利岩,白坟地区岩体则类似于澳大利亚典型钾镁煌斑岩,建议将镇远马坪地区"东方一号"等岩类定名为角砾凝灰质金伯利岩,白坟地区岩类定名为钾碱镁闪石-透辉石-金云母钾镁煌斑岩,镇远地区兼有金伯利岩和钾镁煌斑岩的特征,与西澳大利亚极其类似,镇远地区乃至黔东地区具有较大的金刚石原生矿找矿勘查潜力和研究意义。 相似文献
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西昆仑克里阳地区钾镁煌斑岩岩石学特征及其意义 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
对西昆仑克里阳钾镁煌斑岩的岩石学特征及源区性质进行了详细研究 ,并同国内外钾镁煌斑岩及其他超钾质岩石作了对比。该钾镁煌斑岩富 Al2 O3、贫 Ti O2 ,不相容元素相对亏损 ,为不含金刚石类型。其源区富集程度不高 ,交代作用较弱 ,且起源深度较浅 ( >1 1 5km)。高的 C、Sr、Pb同位素组成表明该钾镁煌斑岩可能受到了壳源物质的混染。这些特征暗示西昆仑地区有其他含金刚石源岩的存在。 相似文献
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黔东南钾镁煌斑岩岩石学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黔东南地区位于扬子地台东南缘与江南褶皱系西缘的过渡带。本文以黔东南马坪、麻江地区发现的钾镁煌斑岩体为主要研究对象,通过地质特征、岩石学、矿物学、地球化学等研究,认为马坪地区金云钾镁煌斑岩具基性-超基性岩的标型元素Cr、Ni、Co含量较高,不相容元素总体富集,稀土元素配分模式为右倾型且分异程度较高,与典型钾镁煌斑岩(西澳含金刚石矿钾镁煌斑岩)在岩浆来源、地球化学特征上具有较大的相似性;麻江地区钾镁煌斑岩Al_2O_3、K_2O含量低,轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,轻稀土特高,其岩浆形成温度、地球化学成分上与典型钾镁煌斑岩有较大差异。 相似文献
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目前所知产金刚石的岩石类型包括金伯利岩、钾镁煌斑岩、榴辉岩、蛇绿岩套、碱性超基性杂岩、碱性超基性煌斑岩和橄榄岩类(方辉橄榄岩、纯橄榄岩等) 等偏碱性超镁铁质岩石, 而有经济价值的金刚石原生矿床仅见于金伯利岩和钾镁煌斑岩中, 除此之外的其他岩石类型中仅见有少量微粒金刚石.金伯利岩和钾镁煌斑岩都起源于地幔深部, 就此意义上讲, 二者是同源的, 但其岩石化学成分、主要矿物组成、产出大地构造背景以及同位素资料等, 却存在着比较明显的差异.由此构成了金刚石原生矿床的两个成矿系列: 金伯利岩成矿系列和钾镁煌斑岩成矿系列.金伯利岩成矿系列又可以根据其化学成分划分为3个亚系列, 即: 高Cr, Ti, Mg成矿亚系列, 低Cr, Ti, Mg成矿亚系列和介于二者之间的一种具有复杂化学成分的成矿亚系列.钾镁煌斑岩成矿系列则可以根据其主要矿物组成, 划分出橄榄石钾镁煌斑岩成矿亚系列、白榴石钾镁煌斑岩成矿亚系列以及介于两者之间的白榴石-橄榄石钾镁煌斑岩成矿亚系列共3种次级成矿系列.与此同时, 无论是金伯利岩成矿系列, 还是钾镁煌斑岩成矿系列, 又都可以根据其野外地质产状, 划分为以下3个成矿亚系列(形成时间从早到晚) : (1) 火山沉积凝灰岩成矿亚系列; (2) 火山凝灰角砾岩成矿亚系列; (3) 火山-次火山侵入相成矿亚系列. 相似文献
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Seismic profiles in the Northern Bonaparte Basin, Timor Sea, northern Australia, disclose an east‐northeast‐trending 120 × 25 km swathe of over 40 circular to subcircular features excavated in the pre‐Miocene erosional surface and buried by Lower Miocene sediments. The larger structures, typified by the Fohn Structure, include central structural highs overlying narrow vertical corridors of upward‐bulging seismic horizons (bulge‐forms). Associated with these structural highs are troughs that overlie broader vertical zones of slower seismic velocity (crater‐form features). Smaller circular features (Dc <2.0 km) include both crater‐form and bulge‐form structures. The first type shows zones of seismic velocity crater‐form structures under craters excavated below the base‐Miocene horizon. The second type exhibits vertical seismic bulge‐form features directly beneath palaeotopographic highs developed at the same horizon. Identification in drill cuttings of fragments of olivine‐leucite lamproite at Fohn 1, at depths of 690–880 m, suggests that this structure is a lamproite diatreme consisting of a massive volcanic plug ringed by pyroclastics, analogous to the classic champagne‐glass structure of alkaline volcanic diatremes. The seismic morphometry of several of the larger structures of the field is analogous to Fohn, suggesting that they too may be diatremes. The smaller bulge‐form features may represent deeply eroded diatreme feeder necks. Crater‐like structures underlain by seismic velocity crater‐forms are interpreted as relatively little‐eroded maars with low‐velocity infill, probably consisting of volcanic and country rock breccia as at Fohn 1, as well as unconsolidated clastics of the transgressive Lower Miocene Oliver Sandstone Member. Lamproite fragments at Fohn 1 are dominated by apatite‐rich assemblages consisting of saponite‐altered olivine, analcime and nontronite‐altered zoned leucite, high‐Ti K‐bearing diopside, Ti‐rich richterite, Ti‐rich phlogopite, Mg‐rich ilmenite, Cr‐bearing priderite, Ba and Sr‐rich fluorapatite and rare‐earth element‐rich apatite. Textural relations suggest early crystallisation of olivine, leucite and K‐bearing diopside followed by crystallisation of alkali amphibole, priderite, ilmenite and apatite in alkali‐Tindash;Fe–rich groundmass. Fohn 1 lamproites have very high whole‐rock P levels, high Na,Sr and Y and low K,Ba,Zr and Nb levels compared to Early Miocene West Kimberley lamproites. The mineral paragenesis suggests crystallisation of olivine‐leucite assemblages at temperatures >1100°C and pressures <0.1 GPa, followed by crystallisation of amphibole and phlogopite under water‐saturated conditions at temperatures below ～1020°C. 相似文献
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湖南宁乡钾镁煌斑岩中火山微球粒的初步研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本次研究从钾镁煌斑岩中挑选出上万个微球粒进行了系统研究。微球粒有三种：无磁性无色透明—半透明浅黄色、棕褐色至不透明黑色；弱磁性—强磁性黑色；强磁性钢灰色铁质。除微球粒外，还有岩浆溅射碎片和炉渣伏溅射碎片等火山尘。微球粒具有火山喷发条件下可出现的多种多样的表面结构和内部结构。其化学成分主要为：（１）贫铁型，富Ｓｉ、Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｐ，贫Ｔｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｋ；（２）富铁型，富Ｓｉ、Ｔｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｋ，贫Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｐ；（３）高铁型，以Ｆｅ为主。单个微球粒中还出现高Ｓｉ相和高Ｓｉ、Ｍｇ相。据微球粒化学成分的多样性推测，在钾镁煌斑岩浆侵位至地壳深部环境下，经历过液态熔离作用，当火山喷发时，在快速冷凝条件下形成火山微球粒。 相似文献
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N. V. Chalapathi Rao 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2005,84(1-2):69-106
Summary The Mesoproterozoic diamondiferous Majhgawan pipe of central India is re-examined in the light of new and recently published petrological, geochemical and isotope data. This investigation reveals that its tectonic setting is similar to that of lamproites and orangeites (Group II kimberlite of southern Africa) and not that of a typical kimberlite. The petrography and mineralogy are comparable to lamproite and to some extent to orangeite, whereas the major element geochemistry is more akin to that of kimberlite. Trace element geochemistry is closer to that of lamproite but Nd isotope systematics are atypical of lamproite or orangeite. The inferred petrogenesis of the Majhgawan pipe is also similar to that of other such potassic metasomatised mantle magmas without any strong affinity to a particular clan/group.It is demonstrated in this study that the Majhgawan pipe shares the petrological, geochemical and isotope characteristics of all three rock types. It is therefore suggested to constitute a transitional kimberlite–orangeite (Group II kimberlite)–lamproite rock. The existence of such transitional magmas in space and time in other cratons, outside India, is also highlighted. The name majhgawanite is proposed for this rock – keeping in mind the antiquity of the Majhgawan pipe, its intriguing petrological and geochemical characteristics and also on the basis of Indias legacy for introducing diamond to the world – to designate such mafic potassic-ultrapotassic transitional rock types so as to distinguish them from the classical kimberlite, lamproite or orangeite.It is concluded that the correlations between kimberlite petrography, geochemistry and isotopic types (viz., Group I and II), as established for kimberlites in southern Africa, need not be necessarily valid elsewhere. Hence, the recommendations of I.U.G.S. on classification of kimberlite, orangeite and lamproite are clearly inadequate when dealing with the transitional mafic potassic ultrapotassic rocks. It is further stressed that mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic aspects of mafic potassic-ultrapotassic rocks need to be considered in unison before assigning any name as the nomenclature of such exotic and rare alkaline rock types invariably implies economic and tectono-magmatic (regional) significance. 相似文献
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内蒙古科尔沁右翼新发屯岩体主要由花岗闪长岩组成.锆石SHIRMP U-Pb定年结果显示新发屯岩体的年龄为138±10 Ma,为早白垩世.地球化学测试结果显示,新发屯岩体属钙碱性系列岩石,K、Rb、Ba、Th呈富集型,Sr、Ta、Nb、P、Ti呈亏损型.稀土元素配分曲线右倾,轻重稀土分馏较为明显,具有明显的Eu负异常.这些特征表明,新发屯岩体形成于晚造山环境,是板块碰撞后地壳抬升时期的产物. 相似文献
18.
Chai Fengmei Zhang Zhaochong Mao Jingwen Parat Abudukadir Wang Lijin Dong Lianhui Ye Huishou Chen Li Zheng Rongfen 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2006,17(1)
The mineralogical, petrological and geochemical studies on Keliyang (克里阳) potassic dykes have been carried out to understand their rock types, the petrogenesis and the nature of their mantle sources. They are potassic lamprophyre, not lamproites as the previous researchers believed. In this study, the whole-rock major and trace element compositions of another 6 lamproite dykes recently discovered are reported. Major elements were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) techniques, while REE and trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). They can be classified into phlogopite-diopside lamprophyre, leucite-diopside lamprophyre and granular carbonatite-bearing diopside lamprophyre on the basis of their mineral components. They are all characterized by relatively low SiO2 (41.31% -44. 84%), TiO2 (0.75% -0.86%) and high MgO (7.30%-11.33%), K2O (4.01%-6.01%) concentrations with K2O/Na2O ratios of 2. 77-12.49. In addition, they display enrichment in large-ion iithophile elements (LILEs, e. g., Rb, Sr,Ba) and LREE, but a relative depletion in high-field-strength elements (HFSEs, e.g. , Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf and Ti). They display similar chondrite-normalized REE patterns with slight negative Eu anomalies (δEu=0.64-0. 82), and high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios, which resemble those of high K/Ti and low-Ti potassic magmas formed in subduction-related settings. Consequently, we suggest that the parental magma was generated by partial melting of the phlogopite-amphibole- bearing garnet lherzolite within the lithospheric mantle that might have been metasomatized by a potassium-bearing fluid released from a subduction oceanic crust. 相似文献
19.
应用统计法作金刚石找矿中铬铁矿的属性判别 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据金伯利岩、钾镁煌斑岩、金刚石包体及其它岩石中铬铁矿电子探针分析成果的统计,发现铬铁矿随着Cr_2O_3含量的降低,其它组分具有四种演化趋势。一般一种岩石中的铬铁矿只有一种演化趋势,唯有金伯利岩、钾镁煌斑岩中有两种演化趋势共存。根据统计资料,采用Cr_2O_3-TiO_2、Cr_2O_3-Al_2O_3和MgO含量,建立了金伯利岩、钾镁煌斑岩中铬铁矿属性判别图,图中三个区间可提供岩石类型、含矿性及保存性三种信息。 相似文献
20.
对西大别造山带夏店岩体进行了系统的锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年、岩石地球化学研究,发现该岩体化学成分具富硅、碱,贫钙、镁、铝等特点;岩石轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,Eu亏损明显;Rb、K、Th等大离子亲石元素和Pb元素富集,Ta、Nb、Ti等高场强元素亏损和Sr、Ba元素亏损;岩石成因类型上属于A型花岗岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示夏店岩体~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为130.0±1.8 Ma,代表岩体的结晶年龄,显示该岩体为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。夏店岩体A型花岗岩形成于造山期后环境,预示着桐柏-大别造山带板内演化阶段的到来。 相似文献