共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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哈拉湖地区属于青藏高原冻土区,地质调查结果表明该地区具有良好的天然气水合物赋存条件和找矿前景,因此在试验区开展了高精度的浅层反射地震试验,激发震源选用KZ-28大型车载可控震源。通过分析试验区地震地质条件,结合本次浅层地震勘探的探测深度和目的层反射波特点,在地震剖面采集前,对可控震源的台数、扫描频率、扫描长度、振动次数和驱动幅度进行了试验研究,对不同的单一激发参数试验得到的地震记录进行对比分析,在满足探测要求的前提下,以最大限度地提高地震记录分辨率和信噪比为目的,确定了该地区地震勘探可控震源的最佳激发参数为:可控震源台次1台2~3次,扫描频率8~100 Hz,扫描长度12 s,驱动幅度75%。 相似文献
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《物探与化探》2020,(1)
H探区位于吐鲁—驼马滩盆地东北部,地貌形态为沙漠戈壁,该区气候干燥、植被不发育、生态条件非常脆弱,地表以砂砾石、亚沙土层为主,厚度大,潜水位深,选择合理的采集技术和参数是开展地震工作的前提和保障地震勘探效果的关键。首先,结合探区地震地质条件,对该区采用可控震源的可行性进行分析;然后,对可控震源激发参数的选取进行了试验研究,确定了震动台次、扫描长度、扫描频率、震源出力等激发参数。参考邻区地震勘探经验,选择多个检波器线性组合和高覆盖次数观测系统。采用可控震源技术及所选择的采集参数经过精细施工,取得了较好的地震效果,为今后类似地区进行煤田地震勘探提供了有价值的参考。 相似文献
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可控震源作为一种高效、低耗、无污染的激发方式,在低频和高频端具有更宽的扫描频率,比传统炸药震源更适合高密度地震勘探。另外,由于新型可控震源的面世,使地表开阔地区的多台或单台震源在加密炮点网格作业方式时的生产效率比常规炸药激发方式提高一个数量级以上。在接收技术方面,最新的428XL系统具有很高的带道能力,其加速度数字检波器与常规地震检波器相比不但重量轻、体积小,而且在0-800Hz频带范围内没有振幅和相位畸变,动态范围更大,有利于提高地震资料的分辨率与保真度。国内多块高密度勘探实践证明:采用多台或单台可控震源高密度激发,单点数字检波器进行高密度接收,在炮点和检波点两个方面同时进行加密空间采样作业方式具有明显的优势。 相似文献
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哈拉湖位于青藏高原,在该区开展的地质调查、音频大地电磁测深和地球化学调查结果表明,该区具有良好的天然气水合物找矿前景。为寻找天然气水合物,在该区开展了高精度反射地震试验。反射地震采用1 200道接收,道间距2 m,偏移距1 m,炮间距8 m,覆盖次数150次,排列中间激发的观测系统,每道采用6个60 Hz检波器单点组合接收;采样间隔0.5 ms,记录长度2 s,宽频带采集;激发震源为大型车载可控震源。采用该工作方法得到的地震剖面信噪比和分辨率较高,构造形态特征明显。根据试验区地形地貌和地震剖面上反映的永冻土层厚度、断裂构造和高速层分布,结合其他资料,确定了验证孔位。 相似文献
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《物探与化探》2021,(4)
可控震源已经广泛应用在石油、煤田等地震勘探工作中,相应的技术手段也较为成熟,但涉及高频检波器采集的较少,尤其是使用可控震源进行中浅部地震勘探时参数的选择缺乏参考依据。为了研究如何在中浅部地震勘探中获取高品质数据,在雄安地区开展了一系列"可控震源激发、高频检波器接收"试验。本文在大量试验数据的基础上,采用原始单炮定性分析与频谱定量分析相结合的方式,从原始数据信噪比与分辨率的角度出发,系统论述了可控震源震动次数、扫描长度、初始频率、终止频率、驱动幅度、斜坡长度以及检波器自然频率等参数的选择对数据质量的影响;明确了所涉及参数的选择要点及依据,提出了高截止频率的概念;最后,总结了中浅部地震勘探参数选择的策略,对以后中浅部可控震源地震勘探具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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地震勘探的激发源多以井炮为主, 但在潜水位深、浅层卵砾石、沙石发育的浅层地震地质条件复杂区,井炮施工极为困难,甚至不能施工。但可控震源以其特性克服了井炮的不足。可控震源施工主要是其参数选择上要下些功夫,取好可控震源的施工参数,便可取得很好的记录。我队从１９９３ 年至１９９８ 年,采用可控震源激发施工,已完成了２５ 个区的地震施工任务,共完成物理点１０２９７６ 个（ 其中三维项目２ 个,面积５ ．４７ｋ ｍ ２） ,并取得较好的效果和可喜的地质成果。 相似文献
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海原断裂带断层通道波观测与破碎带宽度 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
断层通道波是低速断层破碎带与高速围岩之间的边界相干多重反射形成的,其振幅和频率强烈依赖于断层的几何形态和物理性质,故能用于探测断裂带的内部结构.在宁夏海原西安州附近海原断裂带上,横跨1920年海原8.6级地震地表破裂带布设2条测线,接收测线之间人工爆破激发的断层通道波.每条测线由1台3分量数字地震仪组成,靠近破裂带台间距30～40 m,远离破裂带台间距增大至230～250 m.对测线1的台站接收到的一炮垂直道地震波数据进行了0.1～4.0 Hz频段的滤波,结果表明在S波到时之后存在多组强振幅、低频率、长波链的断层通道波.由断层通道波揭示的海原断裂带在西安州附近的断裂破碎带宽度约为250 m. 相似文献
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Faisal Rehman Sherif M. El-Hady Ali H. Atef Hussein M. Harbi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(8):519
The present study deals with the seismic site classification of Bahrah area, Wadi Fatima, to characterize the local site conditions. The dynamic behavior of sediments was studied by the application of surface wave inversion. The multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) shallow geophysical technique was utilized for site classification. MASW survey was carried out at 66 sites along with 13 seismic refraction profiles at suitable localities. MASW and seismic refraction profiles were processed and compared with the available borehole data. The integration of MASW techniques with seismic refraction and borehole data progressively enhanced the subsurface visualization and reliability of the shear wave velocity estimation in the subsurface in the study area. The subsurface shear-wave velocity model was achieved by the solution of an inverse problem-based dispersion of surface waves and propagation in a vertically heterogeneous medium. The 2D genetic algorithm was employed for the inversion of dispersion curves to obtain velocity and thickness of subsurface layers. The depth to engineering bedrock and velocity of shear waves in the first 30 m was deciphered and mapped. The depth of bedrock in study area varies from 4 to 30 m, and V S 30 ranges from 320 to 800 m/s. The most of study area falls in B and C class categories in addition to few sites of D class according to the NEHRP guidelines. 相似文献
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We delineate shallow structures of the Mozumi–Sukenobu fault, central Japan, using fault zone waves generated by near-surface explosions and detected by a seismometer array. Two explosive sources, S1 and S2, were placed at a distance of about 2 km from the array, and the other two, S3 and S4, were at a distance of about 4 km. Fault zone head waves and fault zone trapped waves following direct P wave arrivals were clearly identified in the seismograms recorded by a linear seismometer array deployed across the fault in a research tunnel at a depth of 300 m. Synthetic waveforms generated by a 3-D finite-difference (3-D FD) method were compared with observed fault zone waves up to 25 Hz. The best fitting model indicates a 200-m-wide low-velocity zone extending at least to shot site S1 located 2 km east of the seismic array with a 20% decrease in the P wave velocity relative to the wall rock. The width of the low-velocity zone is consistent with the fault zone defined by direct geological observation in the research tunnel. However, the low-velocity zone should disappear just to the east of the site S1 to explain the observed fault zone waves for shot S3 and S4 located 4 km east of the seismometer array. Yet the observation and the simulation show notable trapped wave excitation even though shots S3 and S4 are outside the fault zone. These results indicate that (1) the effective waveguide for seismic waves along the fault does not exist east of source site S1 although the surface traces of the fault are observed in this region, and (2) considerable trapped waves can be excited by sources well outside the fault zone. These results highlight the along-strike variability in fault zone structure. 相似文献
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在鄂尔多斯盆地西北部,低信噪比复杂地区存在严重的随机干扰,这导致该区地震资料信噪比很低。在不提高覆盖次数情况下,针对该区造成地震资料信噪比低的严重随机干扰问题,开展检波器组合压制随机干扰的方法研究。研究了随机干扰对动静校正量准确求取的影响,检波器组合对干扰波的压制作用,组内高差和组合基距对地震采集资料高频的影响,对比分析检波器组内距对随机干扰的衰减效果。研究结果表明:在盆地低信噪比复杂地区,野外检波器组合重点压制严重的随机干扰波,提高地震资料信噪比;小于1 m的检波器组内高差对该区地震采集资料110 Hz以下高频成分影响有限,小于13 m组合基距对中、深目的层地震资料70 Hz以内频率影响有限;理论计算和试验资料综合确定的随机干扰半径为1.7~2.0 m,大于随机干扰半径的检波器组合内距能有效压制随机干扰波,其中组内距3 m比较稳定;以上参数确定的检波器组合接收方法压制随机干扰波后,所得到的地震单炮记录相比单点接收、高覆盖次数压制随机干扰波所得到的资料在70 Hz有限频带内更能提高信噪比、频率,而且成本相对低。该结果在鄂尔多斯盆地低信噪比复杂地区地震勘探野外采集中具有指导作用。 相似文献
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甘肃陇东地区是典型的巨厚黄土覆盖区,黄土层厚度高达200多米,多次波发育,地震反射波能量极弱,信噪比低,处理中静校正问题较为突出。为保证目的层反射波的能量和高频信号,采用了多井大药量组合激发方式及5个60Hz检波器串接组合接收方式,排列采用大偏移距,以克服近道面波及声波的干扰。资料静校正选用浮动基准面静校正及初至折射静校正,选用了多道统计的地表一致性反褶积,以保证空间上各地震反射道之间的均一性。通过上述技术措施,取得了比较理想的地质效果,基本解决了巨厚黄土覆盖区有效波能量不足及资料处理中的难题。 相似文献
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首次提出了用于解决塔里木盆地地震资料数据处理中浅部地震速度分析的折射层析成象方法。该方法可以通过求解任意变速介质中的二维程函方程、射线追踪和ＳＩＲＴ迭代解法实现。通过对塔里木盆地地震资料的层析反演取得了较好的结果,揭示了浅部地震速度具有较大的横向变化。这一变化对建立地下速度模型及反射构造成象有较大影响,钻井资料证实了这一结果。这项研究的成功对研究塔里木盆地地震波速度的变化规律及进一步提高该区整体地震资料处理与解释的质量具有重要的实际意义。 相似文献
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A seismic refraction/wide-angle reflection experiment was undertaken in the Levant Basin, eastern Mediterranean. Two roughly east–west profiles extend from the continental shelf of Israel toward the Levant Basin. The northern profile crosses the Eratosthenes Seamount and the southern profile crosses several distinct magnetic anomalies. The marine operation used 16 ocean bottom seismometers deployed along the profiles with an air gun array and explosive charges as energy sources. The results of this study strongly suggest the existence of oceanic crust under portions of the Levant Basin and continental crust under the Eratosthenes Seamount. The seismic refraction data also indicate a large sedimentary sequence, 10–14 km thick, in the Levant Basin and below the Levant continental margin. Assuming the crust is of Cretaceous age, this gives a fairly high sedimentation rate. The sequence can be divided into several units. A prominent unit is the 4.2 km/s layer, which is probably composed of the Messinian evaporites. Overlying the evaporitic layer are layers composed of Plio–Pleistocene sediments, whose velocity is 2.0 km/s. The refraction profiles and gravity and magnetic models indicate that a transition from a two layer continental to a single-layer oceanic crust takes place along the Levant margin. The transition in the structure along the southern profile is located beyond the continental margin and it is quite gradual. The northern profile, north of the Carmel structure, presents a different structure. The continental crust is much thinner there and the transition in the crustal structure is more rapid. The crustal thinning begins under western Galilee and terminates at the continental slope. The results of the present study indicate that the Levant Basin is composed of distinct crustal units and that the Levant continental margin is divided into at least two provinces of different crustal structure. 相似文献
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浅海初至折射波法勘探干扰因素分析及校正方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海上水文环境的复杂性给开展浅层初至折射波法地震勘探带来一定困难 ,主要体现在潮汐、海流、涌浪等对观测系统产生较大影响 ,是海上工作的主要干扰因素。本文针对排列弯曲、炮点偏移距大小、炮点与检波器不在同一深度以及时距曲线偏移等问题进行了讨论 ,并提出了校正和解决的方法。 相似文献