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1.
西藏林周盆地林子宗火山岩研究近况 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在过去工作的基础上 ,于 2 0 0 1年 7— 8月对西藏林周盆地进行了 1∶5万火山地质填图 ,取得了一些新的发现和进展。(1)地层方面 :在盆地西部凯布乡一带的典中组底部发现了厚层酸性火山碎屑岩 ,其成分和厚度都有一定程度的变化 ,向上与厚层安山岩直接接触 ;在白定乡西山发现典中组安山岩自西向东尖灭 ,其流动构造显示向北东 30°方向流动 ;在典中村东的典中组安山岩及凝灰岩中发现湖相火山质沉积夹层 ,火山物质以酸性为主 ,其厚度 10余米 ;在强嘎乡至冲嘎村一带的典中组顶部发现具有红色泥岩沉积 ,以安山质火山岩呈互层状产出 ,其厚度向西增… 相似文献
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西藏林子宗群火山岩氩-氩年代学研究 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
通过对西藏冈底斯南带林周盆地中 3个岩组样品的40 Ar 3 9Ar定年 ,初步建立了该剖面林子宗群火山岩形成的同位素年代时序格架 :底部典中组的下限年龄为 6 3.32± 0 .89Ma;中部年波组为 5 4.16± 0 .49Ma;上部帕那组下限年龄为 38.7± 0 .40Ma .。指出至少在林周盆地剖面 ,林子宗群火山岩的形成时代为早第三纪 ,而非晚白垩纪。 相似文献
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西藏冈底斯带西段狮泉河地区林子宗群火山岩地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
林子宗群火山岩广泛发育在冈底斯带的南部,长期以来被认为是印度与亚洲大陆碰撞过程中的火山响应,对冈底斯带南缘的地质演化具有重要意义。迄今对林子宗群火山岩的研究主要集中在冈底斯带的中东部,未见有冈底斯带西部地区林子宗群火山岩的研究报道。对冈底斯带西部狮泉河地区的林子宗群火山岩进行了年代学与元素地球化学研究。结果表明,研究区年波组主要包括玄武安山岩、安山岩与流纹岩,属钙碱性—高钾钙碱性系列;帕那组火山岩主要为流纹岩,属于高钾钙碱性和钾玄岩系列。岩石富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、Sr、Ba等,与冈底斯带中东部林子宗群火山岩一致,具有岛弧火山岩的特征。此外,帕那组流纹岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为53.9±0.5Ma,比冈底斯带中东部帕那组形成时代更早。结合前人的研究成果表明,印度与亚洲大陆的碰撞具有西早东晚的特点。 相似文献
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林子宗火山岩事件是印度-亚洲大陆主碰撞过程的火山作用响应,对冈底斯带的构造演化具有重要意义。在冈底斯中段厅宫地区通过系统的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得林子宗群典中组底部、年波组上部和帕那组顶部的火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(66.4±0.35)Ma、(53.6±1.5)Ma和(45±0.6)Ma。对林子宗火山岩的岩石地球化学分析表明,该火山岩具弧火山岩特征,早期表现出陆缘弧火山岩的特点,至中期年波旋回钾玄岩出现,标志着陆内岩浆作用的开始,到晚期帕那旋回则显示出陆壳重熔和地壳加厚的特征,记录了新特提斯洋消减俯冲到陆陆碰撞的地质信息。 相似文献
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为了更好地约束林子宗群火山岩的年龄格架、岩石成因及其演化历史,对拉萨地块中南部南木林盆地的林子宗群火山岩进行了详细的岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学和全岩主微量元素地球化学研究.结果显示,南木林盆地林子宗群火山旋回时限依次为62.8～57.0 Ma、52.0～50.2 Ma、49.7 Ma.随着时间的演化,早期典中组以爆发相为主,年波组以喷发-沉积相为主,到晚期帕那组以喷溢相为主,且呈现出从中酸性向酸性演化,由钙碱性系列向高钾钙碱性系列再到钾玄岩系列逐渐过渡的趋势.其中,典中组英安质岩石为钙碱性系列,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,具有明显的Nb、Ta、Ti负异常,显示典型的弧火山岩特征;年波组和帕那组流纹质岩石为钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列岩石,且有钾玄岩出现,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,除具有明显的Nb、Ta、Ti负异常外,还具有显著的Ba、Sr、P负异常,显示碰撞-碰撞后火山岩的特点.上述特征暗示典中组英安质岩石可能是新特提斯洋北向俯冲消减过程中岛弧区幔源岩浆底侵诱发上覆地壳部分熔融的产物,年波组和帕那组流纹质岩石则是印度-亚洲大陆碰撞初期阶段英安质岩石进一步分离结晶的产物.林子... 相似文献
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《地质科技情报》2016,(6)
林子宗火山岩在冈底斯带上广泛发育,其中帕那组火山岩的形成时代、构造背景和成因都存在一定争议。对林周地区帕那组火山岩进行了年代学和岩石地球化学研究,结果表明,研究区火山岩以流纹岩和英安岩为主,w(SiO2)极高,表现由高钾钙碱性系列向钾玄岩系列过渡的特征。帕那组火山岩微量元素地球化学特征显示LREE、LILE富集,HFSE亏损,Eu负异常,与岛弧火山岩地球化学特征相似。此外,帕那组流纹岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(51.3±0.7)Ma,是目前为止冈底斯带中东段中的最老年龄。帕那组火山岩形成于后碰撞背景之下,其岩浆为地壳源区的部分熔融作用所形成。 相似文献
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西藏措勤县雄玛地区林子宗群帕那组火山岩大地构造位置位于冈底斯—念青唐古拉山板片,地层分区上属于冈底斯地层区、隆格尔—南木林地层分区。岩性主要为一套以浅灰色、灰绿色流纹质凝灰岩为主,夹浅黄绿色、灰绿色流纹岩及英安岩、火山角砾岩、杂砂岩及砾岩的岩石组合。之下与永珠组和拉嘎组呈喷发不整合接触。岩石地球化学特征表明该火山岩系属过铝质的高钾钙碱性—亚碱性系列,稀土元素地球化学中轻稀土元素明显富集,微量元素中大离子亲石元素(Rb、K、Th、U、LREE)富集,高场强元素(Nb、P、Ti)亏损。以上特征说明雄玛地区林子宗群帕那组火山岩岩浆源于陆壳重熔,属与俯冲造山有关的陆相火山岩,同时又兼具陆—陆碰撞的特点。推测帕那组火山岩形成于新特提斯洋壳俯冲基本结束,印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞开始的构造背景下,年龄大概在38Ma左右,为始新世晚期。 相似文献
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印度-亚洲大陆碰撞伴生有大量火山活动,其中,林子宗火山岩发育最广,遍布碰撞带北侧的冈底斯带,形成长逾1200 km的火山岩带。林周地区作为林子宗火山岩的命名地,该套火山岩发育相对齐全,为安山岩、流纹岩及相应的火山碎屑岩夹沉积碎屑岩组合,顶部发育巨厚流纹质凝灰岩,可以划分出三个火山旋回,其生成时代介于63.89~48.73 Ma。岩石学和地球化学资料显示,林子宗火山岩自下而上SiO2和K2O含量以及Al2O3饱和度增加,其岩浆从早到晚由中性、中钾和准铝质变化到酸性、高钾和过铝质,晚期喷发巨厚的火山灰流,反映区域地壳明显的加厚,由早期的30~40 km变化到晚期的50~60 km。火山岩相对富集Cs、Rb、K、U,亏损Ta、Nb、Ti、Sr、Ba、P,早期与桑日组安山岩地球化学特征相近,而中—晚期与乌郁、扎嘎等地渐新世高钾火山岩相似,表明早期岩浆具有新特提斯洋俯冲板片印迹,而中—晚期具有后碰撞作用特点。林子宗火山岩作为印度-亚洲大陆碰撞过程的响应,记录着古新世至始新世（64~48 Ma）印度-亚洲大陆之间的碰撞向碰撞后演化过程。 相似文献
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西藏冈底斯中段孔隆至丁仁勒地区林子宗群火山岩锆石SHRIMP年龄和地球化学特征的区域对比 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
本文对冈底斯中段孔隆-丁仁勒地区的林子宗群火山岩进行了地球化学和锆石SHRIMP定年测试,在年波组下部的英安质岩屑晶屑熔结凝灰岩(LZ06022-2)中获锆石SHRIMP年龄为59.64±0.72Ma,在典中组下部的安山质晶屑凝灰岩(LZ06017-4)中获锆石SHRIMP年龄为69.97±0.72Ma,这是目前为止林子宗群火山岩底部的最老年龄。结合前人资料,对冈底斯地区林子宗群火山岩的火山活动、地球化学及形成年代等进行了区域对比,结果显示整个冈底斯带林子宗群火山岩以喷溢相和爆发相为主,从早期到晚期爆发强度逐渐减弱,早期典中组以爆发相为主到晚期帕那组以喷溢相为主,且随着时间的演化火山活动强度表现为由强→弱,早期东段比中段和西段火山活动强,中期西段和中段比东段火山活动强,晚期均较弱,年波组火山活动强烈且频繁,持续时间长,从而形成了冈底斯中段林子宗群火山岩的独特性;岩石地球化学特征显示随着时间的演化具有从基性→中性→酸性岩浆演化的规律,全碱含量逐渐升高,岩石系列由钙碱性系列→高钾钙碱性系列→钾玄岩系列逐渐过渡;林子宗群火山岩具有陆缘弧火山岩的特征,是印度-亚洲大陆碰撞的产物,碰撞的起始时限在冈底斯带东、中、西段具有一定的差异,中段略早于东段和西段发生大陆碰撞。 相似文献
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藏南米拉山地区林子宗火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和起源 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
大规模的林子宗火山岩呈带状展布于拉萨地体中南部地区,记录了新特提斯洋壳晚期俯冲和随后印度—欧亚大陆碰撞的重要信息,因而受到广泛关注,但迄今对区域性的林子宗火山岩仍然缺乏可靠的年龄数据约束。为此,本文对南部拉萨地体东部米拉山地区林子宗火山岩中的含角砾流纹岩样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素、全岩地球化学测试。获得了60.1±0.9Ma的锆石206Pb/238U年龄,与林周盆地典中组底部安山质岩浆活动的时代相当。测试样品以亏损中稀土元素和低的重稀土元素丰度为特征,锆石εHf(t)为正值(+8.5~+18.8),可能来源于较厚新生下地壳物质在角闪岩相/榴辉岩相过渡条件下的部分熔融。目前还很难论证呈带状分布的约60Ma林子宗火山岩稀土元素含量差异的构造含义。 相似文献
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Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献
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扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
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Pressure Increases, the Formation of Chromite Seams, and the Development of the Ultramafic Series in the Stillwater Complex, Montana 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This paper explores the hypothesis that chromite seams in theStillwater Complex formed in response to periodic increasesin total pressure in the chamber. Total pressure increased becauseof the positive V of nucleation of CO2 bubbles in the melt andtheir subsequent rise through the magma chamber, during whichthe bubbles increased in volume by a factor of 4–6. Byanalogy with the pressure changes in the summit chambers ofKilauea and Krafla volcanoes, the maximum variation was 0•2–0•25kbar, or 5–10% of the total pressure in the Stillwaterchamber. An evaluation of the likelihood of fountaining andmixing of a new, primitive liquid that entered the chamber withthe somewhat more evolved liquid already in the chamber is basedupon calculations using observed and inferred velocities andflow rates of basaltic magmas moving through volcanic fissures.The calculations indicate that hot, dense magma would have oozed,rather than fountained into the chamber, and early mixing ofthe new and residual magmas that could have resulted in chromitecrystallizing alone did not take place. Mixing was an important process in the Stillwater magma chamber,however. After the new magma in the chamber underwent {smalltilde}5% fractional crystallization, its composition, temperature,and density approached those of the overlying liquid in thechamber and the liquids then mixed. If this process occurredmany times over the course of the development of the Ultramaficseries, a thick column of magma with orthopyroxene on its liquiduswould have been the result. Thus, the sequence of multiple injections,fractionation, and mixing with previously fractionated magmacould have been the mechanism that produced the thick bronzitecumulate layer (the Bronzitite zone) above the cyclic units. 相似文献
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V. Yu. Prokof’ev L. D. Zorina V. A. Kovalenker N. N. Akinfiev I. A. Baksheev A. N. Krasnov G. A. Yurgenson N. V. Trubkin 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2007,49(1):31-68
The mineral composition of the Talatui gold deposit has been studied with modern methods. Previously unknown minerals (ilmenite, siegenite, glaucodot, wittichenite, matildite, hessite, pilsenite, zircon, tremolite, cummingtonite, hercynite, and goethite) have been identified in the ore. A high Re content has been detected in molybdenite. The spatiotemporal separation of Au and Ag is caused by different mineral species of these elements and their diachronous precipitation during the ore-forming process. Gold crystallized along with early mineral assemblages, beginning from virtually pure gold (the fineness is 996). Silver precipitated largely at the end of the process as hessite (Ag2Te) and matildite (AgBiS2). The temperature of ore deposition varied from 610 to 145°C, the pressure was 3370–110 bar, and the salt concentration ranged from 56.3 to 0.4 wt % NaCl equiv. The heterogeneous state (boiling) of fluid at the early stages has been documented. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid testify to its magmatic nature and the participation of meteoric water at late stages in the ore-forming process. Thermodynamic modeling reproduces the main specific features of ore formation, including separation of Au and Ag. A physicochemical model of the gold mineralization in the Darasun ore district has been proposed. On the basis of several attributes, the Talatui deposit has been referred to the prophyry gold-copper economic type. 相似文献