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1.
Application of inverse modeling in a study of the hydrogeochemical evolution of karst groundwater in the Jinci Spring region,northern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhenxing Jia Hongfei Zang Philip Hobbs Xiuqing Zheng Yongxin Xu Kai Wang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(8):312
This study explores the hydrogeochemical evolution of karst groundwater in the Jinci Spring region, Shanxi Province, northern China. During 2015, karst groundwater samples collected from 24 sampling points along several profiles that follow the groundwater flow direction were subjected to hydrochemical analysis. Reaction paths and mineral phases for the hydrogeochemical modeling were determined based on the analysis results and in conjunction with the regional geology and hydrogeology. The PHREEQC hydrogeochemical modeling software was used to perform mass balance and reaction path modeling of the hydrogeochemical evolution of the spring region. The modeling results showed that from the recharge area through the runoff area to the drainage area, the hydrogeochemical processes occurring in the karst water vary widely between the northeastern, central, and southwestern parts of the spring region, and across the piedmont discharge area. Additionally, hydrodynamic fields and geological structures were found to have significant control over the hydrogeochemical reactions occurring within the spring region’s karst groundwater. 相似文献
2.
环境同位素特征对滨海岩溶地区海水入侵过程的指示意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大连大魏家水源地位于中国北方典型滨海岩溶地区。近30年来,地下淡水的不合理开采造成的地下水位降落漏斗引发了严重的海水入侵。以大魏家水源地为研究对象,通过大量的水文地质调查和水化学及同位素采样测试分析,探讨海水入侵形成的水动力条件,通过分析滨海岩溶含水层中地下水主要水化学和多种同位素(δ2H-δ18O,δ34S,δ13C)组成特征,识别了海水入侵过程中发生的主要水文地球化学作用,并对其进行了定量模拟,从而阐明了岩溶含水层中的海水入侵机理。研究结果表明:大连大魏家海水入侵主要通道为大魏家地区存在的导水断裂、岩溶裂隙以及第四系松散地层。对δ2H-δ18O同位素的组成分析表明,研究区地下水主要来自大气降水补给,结合Cl-浓度分布,认为除海水入侵淡水含水层后增加了地下水中的盐分外,浅层地下水的蒸发也对地下水中盐分的累积起到了重要作用。根据不同水体中δ34SSO4,δ13CHCO3等同位素特征,结合水化学成分(如SO2-4,Cl-)分析认为,研究区微咸水和咸水并不是地下水淡水和海水简单混合而成。利用反向水文地球化学模拟揭示了控制滨海岩溶含水层中水化学演化的主要水文地球化学反应有方解石、蒙脱石和石膏的溶解作用,伊利石的沉淀作用以及Ca-Na离子交换作用,伴随着CO2的释放。 相似文献
3.
Ren Tianxiang Jiang Ruijin Guo Lijun Zhang Hua Yang Shaoping 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1989,33(1-3)
In recent years, a large-scale pilot study has been carried out in middle and western Inner Mongolia to determine the feasibility of a well-water survey for exploration of mineral deposits in the arid and semiarid desert. The widely scattered wells in Inner Mongolia were drilled by the ancient nomadic people and have been well protected and preserved through generations. This research work has been undertaken by the Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration together with the First Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Team of Inner Mongolia.Satisfactory results were achieved through the pilot survey conducted in Bainaimiao, Baiyunebo, Huogeqi, west section of Langshan Mountains, and Honggueryulin, middle and western Inner Mongolia. Multi-element hydrogeochemical anomalies corresponding to the components of known deposits were found in or near the known deposits, and several potential prospecting targets were delineated in the pilot hydrogeochemical surveys. A U-mineralized zone and an Au occurrence were discovered by a follow-up survey within the hydrogeochemical multi-element anomalous areas of U-Mo-Zn and As-Mo-Ag.The background values of the major and some trace constituents like U, Mo, As and V in the groundwater of arid and semiarid regions are generally higher than those of other regions. The background values of other trace constituents like Cu, Pb, Ag, Sb, Mn, Ni and Zn are much lower than those of other regions. Climate and microtopography also influence the variations of element concentration in these regions. Therefore, much attention should be paid to these factors in groundwater sampling and the interpretation of the hydrogeochemical survey results. 相似文献
4.
本文阐述了盛源盆地南部铀成矿的地质、水文地质和水文地球化学条件 ,分析了区内放射性水异常的产出、分布特征和控制因素 ,认为坝口等地段水的循环深度大 ,深部氧化 还原过渡带发育 ,大面积、交互叠加的放射性水异常是寻找大型隐伏铀矿床的重要标志。 相似文献
5.
The hydrogeology of the Ballimore region,central New South Wales,Australia: an integrated study 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The integrated use of geophysical, geological, hydrogeochemical and hydrogeological data has allowed the development of a plausible conceptual model for groundwater flow in the Ballimore region. A realistic model for this under-explored system could not be derived solely by the use of hydrogeological data. Interpretation of the available datasets indicates that two groundwater systems are active: a regional and a local system. These are separated by a regionally extensive aquiclude. Groundwater flow in the regional groundwater system is controlled by the structural fabric of the Palaeozoic basement rocks. The local groundwater system is restricted to the Permian to Recent sequence of cover rocks. The local groundwater system is subdivided into three cells: the deep, intermediate and shallow cells. Groundwater flow within the deep cell of the local groundwater system is controlled by fracture flow. Groundwaters from this aquifer are under artesian pressure and are effervescent (CO2-gas). The intermediate cell is a leaky aquitard that acts as a mixing zone between the deep and shallow cells. Groundwater flow within the shallow cell is controlled by the influx of surface waters which migrate laterally through permeable beds. 相似文献
6.
7.
河北平原深层碱性淡水形成的水文地球化学模拟——以保定、沧州地区为例 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以揭示河北平原深层碱性淡水化学形成机制为主要研究目的, 选择河北平原深层碱性淡水发育的保定、沧州地区为典型研究区, 应用水文地球综合分析方法和地下水地球化学模拟技术, 探讨了深层碱性淡水水化学性质、分布规律及形成的自然环境; 依据质量守恒原理建立深层地下水质量平衡反应模型, 研究了从山前至滨海整个水流路径上所发生的水文地球化学作用及水、岩间的质量交换, 从而揭示了深层地下水化学演化规律的内涵及深层碱性淡水水化学形成机制.主要结论是深碱性淡水是由山前补给区HCO3-Ca·Mg水逐步演化而来, 从山前至中部平原, 在地下水环境由开放转为封闭的过程中, 方解石、白云石溶解和沉淀, 钠长石、石膏、岩盐和菱铁矿的溶解, Ca-Na阳离子交换是控制其形成和演化的主要水文地球化学作用. 相似文献
8.
根据地下水地球化学特征，在福州盆地划分出４个溶质系统，ＥＮＥ断层系列浅循环溶质系统，洪积扇带溶质系统，古河道带溶质系统及ＮＮＷ断层带深循环溶质系统。文中论述了各系统的形成过程及其在开采条件下的变化。 相似文献
9.
Hydrochemical monitoring and heavy metal speciation by sequential extraction techniques indicate direct relationships among enrichment of the heavy metals (copper, lead, zinc, iron, manganese, and cadmium), soil acidification, and salinization in Kedron Brook floodplain area of Brisbane, Australia. Assessment of modes of occurrence and distribution pattern of the heavy metals in soil, sediment, and water environments of this coastal plain indicates that the total concentrations and reactive fractions of these metals are elevated in soil and channel bed sediments. Such geochemical signatures reflect the complex influence of sources and a combination of natural and anthropogenic processes on concentration and dispersion within the coastal zone. According to a working model presented, the enrichment of the heavy metals, like cadmium, in the soil and sediment profiles is triggered by capillary pumping during low groundwater standing levels, when the metals are in a stable form associated with dry gels. During higher groundwater levels and occasional flood events, these metals become mobilized when the gel material is transformed into soluble colloidal phase.This study indicates that the potential impacts of heavy metal pollution on the coastal ecosystems can not be assessed and managed in isolation solely by considering the natural cause-effect relationships. The complex nature of sediment-soil-water interactions in the coastal hydrodynamic zones can produce a manifold of effects, including mobilization, concentration, and/or dispersion of heavy metals at both short and longer time scales. In the case of Kedron Brook, chemical erosion due to variation in natural climatic and hydrodynamic conditions contributes significantly to concentration of heavy metals in the coastal environments. Therefore, a sound understanding of the prevailing hydrogeochemical processes is essential for prediction of the fate of heavy metals and establishment of meaningful coastal zone management strategies. 相似文献
10.
地下水油类污染的水文地球化学指标--以山东省淄博市某地下水水源地为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
油类污染地下水的过程中发生了各种物理作用、化学作用和生物作用。本文利用山东省淄博市某地下水饮用水源地油类污染事故的资料，通过地下水环境对照值的统计，首次研究了地下水油类污染与其他组分的关系，以及油类污染地下水造成的地下水地球化学的变化。提出地下水环境对照值可以作为地下水是否受到油类污染的水文地球化学指标。研究区中地下水油类重污染区的Cl-COD、硬度和矿化度升高幅度较大，而轻微污染区则升高幅度较小；对于3则在油类重污染区含量非常低，而轻微污染区则升高。研究区地下水地球化学环境的变化是由于油类污染过程中离子交换作用和硝化作用与反硝化作用等水文地球化学作用的结果。 相似文献
11.
《Applied Geochemistry》1999,14(7):893-905
The hydrogeology of a vertical fracture zone at 70 m depth at the access tunnel to the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory was monitored over 3 a for hydrochemical changes that could be effected by construction of a deep repository for high-level nuclear waste. Tunnel construction dramatically disturbed the hydrogeological system, but this provided an opportunity to integrate hydrogeochemical and hydrological evaluation of the zone. The objective of this study was to evaluate hydrogeochemical evolution, groundwater flow and surface water intrusion during the experiment using an integrated approach of geochemical mass-balance calculations and numerical flow simulations.The dilution of major ions was the dominant hydrochemical trend. However, HCO3 and SO4 showed significant enrichment. Increasing activity of 14C suggested that oxidation of organic C was the likely source of HCO3. Any mineral source dissolving during the experiment seemed insufficient to account for changes in SO4 and current intrusion of sea water was excluded according to the data. Cation exchange as well as minor calcite reactions in fractures were assumed probable in such temporary chemical conditions. Conservative two end-member mixing models with shallow groundwater in the zone and initial groundwater at tunnel level also assumed remarkable mass transfer (several mmol/l). Therefore a third SO4-rich end-member, a regional shallow groundwater type which may mix by lateral flow in the system, was tested. This was also expected from hydraulic measurements and preliminary flow simulations assuming homogeneity.Three end-member mixing calculations using Cl and SO4 as conservative tracers give a constant proportion of lateral water in all boreholes after 300 days, which is consistent with the steady state character of the flow field in the late part of the experiment. To predict reactions on plausible levels needs significant adjustments of initial and final waters, indicating uncertainties in the hydrochemical information of the fracture zone. In the flow simulations the transmissivities were selected so that the chemical mixing proportions would match simulated portions of flow as closely as possible. The simulated total recoveries (drawdowns) differ from the measurements mainly due to overly simple parametrisation of the transmissivity in the fracture zone. However, integrating hydrochemistry in flow modelling is considered encouraging in producing additional information of the heterogeneity of a flow structure. 相似文献
12.
矿井防治水的理论和工程实践表明，水文地球化学方法是矿井水害预防和治理工作中较为有效的一种方法，以平顶山矿区、肥城矿区为例，阐述了水文地球化学方法在水害研究中的某些应用，在平顶山矿区、环境同位素（氢、氧）和统计分析（聚类分析）技术的研究结果，进一步证实和校正了以往对该区水流系统的概念模型，即局部水流系统和过渡水流系统（或西南部和东北部子系统）的划分仅适于寒武系灰岩含水系统；砂岩含水层在矿区中、北部低山区接受大气降水补给，并有可能补给薄层灰岩含水层。在肥城矿区，地下水示踪试验结果表明，该区的GF9，F7－1、F7－3断层在试验段内具有较强的导水性，奥灰水可通过上述断层并以不同特征的通道和速度继续径流并补给各井下出水点，因而是该区煤矿安全的主要威胁。 相似文献
13.
李启荣 《华东地质学院学报》2000,23(3):222-228,247
在简要介绍布尔津盆地地下水赋存条件和分布的基础上,论述了该盆地的构造－水文地质层特征,着重阐明了区内地下水补、迳、排等水动力条件以及水文半球化学特征,最后总结出有利的铀矿成矿水文地质条件。 相似文献
14.
地下水污染研究中要讨论的问题很多。本文的主要内容是介绍关于地下水污染含义的各种观点,并提出作者的看法;综合归纳包气带中污染物的各种水文地球化学作用,并介绍监测包气带污染物迁移的各种方法;最后讨论地下水资源区域防护及局部防护的问题,并提出含水层防污性能的分类及地下水供水水源地防护带确定方法。 相似文献
15.
应用离子比例系数法分析了峰峰矿区东部地下水化学成分特征,结合含水层岩性条件,为水文地球化学模拟中“可能矿物相”的确定提供依据;采用PHREEQC软件对含水层中水-岩作用进行水文地球化学模拟,模拟计算出饱和指数,通过质量平衡模拟计算水-岩作用过程中主要矿物相的转化量。结果表明:方解石和白云石处于饱和状态,在适当的条件下会沉淀,而岩盐、石膏处于未饱和的状态,在适当的条件下将继续溶解。沿地下水流路径,从五矿奥灰水-一矿奥灰水-一矿副井水,地下水系统中白云石、岩盐、石膏溶解,方解石沉淀,且发生了阳离子交换作用。研究矿井水中水-岩相互作用,初步探讨废弃矿井水文地球化学演化机制,对分析矿井水文地球化学演化的影响因素有重要作用。 相似文献
16.
Groundwater in contact with ore deposits may acquire a chemical composition that could be used as a guide for exploration. Eight well-water samples are collected from a known uranium-mineralized area near Abu Zenima, west central Sinai to examine the applicability of using the hydrogeochemical technique in the search for uranium mineralization in similar arid areas. The analytical chemical data of the ground water is compared with ground radiometric measurements. The obtained results indicate that groundwater affected by uranium mineralization has a specific relativity of major anions expressed essentially as SO4>Cl>HCO3 and to a lesser extent as Cl>SO4>HCO3, associated as a rule with low magnesium content. This association constitutes a signature of uranium mineralization on the composition of groundwater in west central Sinai and could be used as an important exploration guide in the search for uranium deposits in similar areas. Anomalies in Ni, Fe, Zn and Cr and other pathfinder elements in groundwater can furnish geochemical guides to uranium ores. The immobile trace element anomalies, including Zn, Ni and Fe are strongly distributed near the orebody; whereas the relatively mobile trace elements, including Co, U, V and Cr, constitute the dispersion haloes away from the orebody. A new hydrogeochemical discrimination diagram is constructed to be used as a quick and cost effective exploration tool in the search for uranium occurrences in environmentally similar arid areas. Based on the obtained results, a new site for uranium occurrence, west of W. Baba, is delineated and recommended for future detailed geological and geochemical surveying. 相似文献
17.
开鲁盆地铀矿水文地球化学找矿研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文从基础地质条件出发 ,界定了开鲁盆地的发展历史 ,全面分析了研究区的水文地质条件、水文地球化学特征及地下水的含铀性 ,确定了在整体坳陷期形成的姚家组和四方台组区域承压含水层的找矿意义。同时 ,从水文地质构造层、渗入渗出体系的划分及浅层地下水和深部地下水化学异常显示等方面入手 ,较详细地阐述了开鲁盆地水文地质条件和水文地球化学特征及其对层间氧化带发育条件的影响 ,预测了两处可地浸砂岩型铀矿的成矿远景地段 ,并指出道德庙是本区最具找矿前景的地区。 相似文献
18.
Water resources are scarce in arid or semiarid areas,which not only limits economic development,but also threatens the survival of mankind.The local communities around the Hangjinqi gasfield depend on groundwater sources for water supply.A clear understanding of the groundwater hydrogeochemical characteristics and the groundwater quality and its seasonal cycle is invaluable and indispensable for groundwater protection and management.In this study,self-organizing maps were used in combination with the quantization and topographic errors and K-means clustering method to investigate groundwater chemistry datasets.The Piper and Gibbs diagrams and saturation index were systematically applied to investigate the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater from both rainy and dry seasons.Further,the entropy-weighted theory was used to characterize groundwater quality and assess its seasonal variability and suitability for drinking purposes.Our hydrochemical groundwater dataset,consisting of 10 parameters measured during both dry and rainy seasons,was classified into 6 clusters,and the Piper diagram revealed three hydrochemical facies:Cl-Na type(clusters 1,2 and 3),mixed type(clusters 4 and 5),and HCO3-Ca type(cluster 6).The Gibbs diagram and saturation index suggested thatweathering of rock-forming mineralswere the primary process controlling groundwater chemical composition and validated the credibility and practicality of the clustering results.Two-thirds of 45 groundwater samples were categorized as excellent-or good-quality and were suitable as drinking water.Cluster changes within the same and different clusters from the dry season to the rainy season were detected in approximately 78%of the collected samples.The main factors affecting the groundwater quality were hydrogeochemical characteristics,and dry season groundwater quality was better than rainy season groundwater quality.Based on this work,such results can be used to investigate the seasonal variation of hydrogeochemical characteristics and assess water quality accurately in the others similar area. 相似文献
19.
新疆布尔津盆地砂岩型铀矿成矿水文地质条件初探 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
本文在简要介绍布尔津盆地地下水赋存条件与分布的基础上,论述了该盆地的构造－水文地质层特征,进而着重阐明区内地下水初、径、排等水动力条件以及水文地球化学特征,总结有利的铀矿成水文地质条件。 相似文献
20.
从化温泉位于广州东北部,出露于燕山期花岗岩地区,位于北东向广州-从化断裂带北东段;热水中阳离子以K+、Na+、Ca2+为主,阴离子以HCO-3为主,水化学类型为HCO3-Na及HCO3-Na·Ca型。利用NETPATH程序对泉区热水进行水化学模拟,发现从化温泉各泉点的水化学特征相似,径流过程中发生的化学反应也相似;从初始水点到终端水点,发生的各种反应交换量很低;在径流过程中各矿物的净反应可能为钾长石、高岭石、赤铁矿、萤石沉淀,CO2、斜长石、黑云母溶解;SiO2的溶解/沉淀在各泉点不同;径流过程中发生了Ca2+/Na+、Mg2+/Na+离子交换作用。 相似文献