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1.
湘南癞子岭花岗岩体分异演化和成岩成矿 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
湘南癞子岭花岗岩岩株侵位于燕山早期,其锆石U-Pb年龄为154～155Ma,以富含Li,Rb,Sn,W,Nb,Ta等稀有金属元素,Pb,Zn等贱金属元素以及H2O,F等挥发份为主要特征,具有明显的垂直分带。自下而上,在450～500m的垂直距离范围内,从黑鳞云母花岗岩带,经浅色花岗岩(二云母花岗岩和锂白云母花岗岩)带、钠长石花岗岩带、云英岩带、到块状石英和黄玉伟晶岩带,各带岩石的常量元素和微量元素组成都发生有规律的变化。高度发育的岩浆分异和热液演化,是稀有金属和贱金属元素及挥发份逐步富集并成矿的关键机制。虽然大多数癞子岭花岗岩的样品都具有过铝的特征,但由于该岩体特别是其较深部位的黑鳞云母花岗岩中Zr,REE,Y,Nb,Th,U等高场强元素含量高,锆石的εHf值偏高(在-5.9和-1.9之间,平均-4.2),Hf模式年龄tDM值偏低(在1.32Ga～1.58Ga之间,平均1.47Ga),都显示有地幔物质的明显参与,推测癞子岭花岗岩的原始岩浆,可能来源于深部铝质A型骑田岭花岗岩基,或者是与骑田岭岩基相类似的铝质A型花岗质岩浆体的分离结晶作用。 相似文献
2.
癞子岭黄玉云英岩中流体—熔融包裹体研究—黄玉云英岩成因的探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
癞子岭黄玉云英岩矿物中流体－熔融包裹体研究揭示黄玉云英岩是岩浆－热液过渡阶段的结晶产物。而黄玉云英岩中岩浆作用与交代作用特征并存现象则是低温成岩熔体在结晶过程中共存的热液对已形成的矿物产生水岩反应的结果。 相似文献
3.
江西雅山花岗岩岩浆演化及其Ta-Nb富集机制 总被引：7，自引：7，他引：0
雅山岩体是华南地区著名的富含钽铌矿的稀有金属花岗岩。从早阶段到晚阶段花岗岩中的云母的Li、F和Rb2O含量逐渐升高,其类型变化为“黑鳞云母→Li-云母→锂云母”。锆石的Zr元素被Hf、U、Th、Y和P等元素的置换比例随着岩浆演化程度升高而增大。云母和锆石矿物成分变化特征与全岩体系的Zr/Hf、Nb/Ta比值不断下降而F、Li和P2O5含量逐渐升高的趋势一致,将可以用于指示岩浆演化程度。在岩浆演化过程中不断富集的P、F、Li元素增加了熔体中非桥氧数（NBO）,促使钽-铌元素在岩浆中的溶解度加大而逐渐富集,在最晚阶段的黄玉锂云母花岗岩具有最高的Ta、Nb元素含量。因此,雅山花岗岩具有较高的F、Li、P2O5含量是其岩浆演化及其Ta-Nb富集的重要机制。西华山花岗岩中的云母与雅山花岗岩中的锂云母相比,具有明显较低的F、Li、Rb2O含量,表明西华山花岗岩的岩浆演化程度相对低于雅山花岗岩。西华山花岗岩中的钨富集与流体作用密切相关,体系氧逸度的降低促使了钨成矿。因此,岩浆演化程度的不同可能是造成华南稀有金属花岗岩发生不同成矿作用（如Ta-Nb矿和W矿）的重要原因。 相似文献
4.
锂（Li）是一种战略关键金属,岩浆阶段主要在花岗质岩石中得到富集和结晶。由于具有不相容和富挥发性等性质,锂对花岗岩的成岩成矿具有重要的制约。文章利用电子探针、LA-ICP-MS 等分析手段,对湖南香花岭地区癞子岭和尖峰岭花岗岩进行系统岩相学、主微量和矿物学研究,结果表明：（1）花岗质岩浆结晶分异过程中,Li 含量逐渐升高,大幅度降低了熔体粘度,增大了结晶温度区间,花岗质岩浆得到充分结晶分异,导致花岗岩的垂直分带;（2）花岗岩中Li 与稀有金属含量呈正相关关系,Li 与Ta、Nb、Sn 等稀有金属具有协同成矿作用;（3）花岗岩中云母类矿物具有向富Li 演化的趋势,以铁锂云母为主,随着铁锂云母的结晶,Nb、Ta、Sn 等稀有金属相继析出,导致晚期云母中Ta、Nb 等含量降低。熔体中H2O、F 等对花岗质岩浆的性质和结晶分异有较大影响,但不足以致使花岗岩呈垂直分带。 相似文献
5.
云母:花岗岩-伟晶岩稀有金属成矿作用的重要标志矿物 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
云母是花岗岩、伟晶岩中的重要造岩矿物,不仅是整个岩浆阶段的结晶产物,而且也是热液过程的参与者。作为层状硅酸盐矿物,层间或八面体位置上可容纳锂、铷铯、锡、铌钽等稀有金属。本文结合前人研究积累和作者近年来的研究成果,阐述了云母作为一个重要的稀有金属成矿标志矿物的矿物学特征。铁锂云母-锂云母是稀有金属成矿作用中重要的锂矿物,同时云母中锂含量可以反映花岗岩的分异程度。铷、铯可以置换云母层间钾,在高演化花岗岩、伟晶岩中可以形成铷、铯为主的云母(既可以是锂云母系列,也可以是黑云母系列)。黑云母是稀有金属花岗岩中一个特殊的矿物。准铝质含锡花岗岩中黑云母锡含量可达100×10~(-6),其锡含量可以指示其锡成矿能力。稀有金属花岗岩中,常见的是铌钽氧化物矿物。但是最近研究发现,黑云母中铌可以超常富集(超过1000×10~(-6)),成为稀有金属花岗岩中最重要、甚至唯一的铌矿物,形成一种以富铌黑云母为特色的新类型稀有金属花岗岩,并可能代表了一种新型的潜在铌资源。基于云母在花岗岩中的重要性和结构的特殊性,今后要利用微区成分和结构分析技术,加强对云母中稀有金属晶体化学的研究,以及进一步揭示云母对稀有金属成矿的特殊重要意义。 相似文献
6.
湘东北仁里- 传梓源矿床5号伟晶岩岩相学、地球化学特征及成矿时代 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
湘东北幕阜山地区由东北向西南,稀有金属矿化种类由单一至复杂,成矿规模逐渐增大,显示出明显的空间规律性。本文选取幕阜山地区西南部岩浆分异演化程度最高、矿化种类最复杂的仁里-传梓源稀有金属矿床,开展典型伟晶岩脉矿物学、地球化学及云母Ar-Ar年代学研究,旨于揭示Be-Nb-Ta-Li-Cs伟晶岩地球化学特征,探讨其与花岗岩围岩成因关系,并限定矿床稀有金属成矿时代。仁里-传梓源矿床5号伟晶岩脉表现出相对富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=5.11%～14.02%,平均9.4%)、过铝质(A/CNK=1.04～2.26,平均为1.4)的特征,微量、稀土元素含量极低,总体上富集Ta、Nb、Hf、Zr等高场强元素(HFSE),相对亏损Ba、Sr等离子亲石元素(LILE),不相容元素Rb、Cs、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等的强烈富集表明岩浆分异演化程度极高。矿物学及地球化学特征显示,仁里-传梓源矿床5号伟晶岩脉由边部至核部分异演化程度逐渐升高,但其化学指数与花岗岩围岩相比表现出较明显的突变关系。结合野外接触关系、年代学等证据,推断围岩二云母花岗岩并非稀有金属伟晶岩母岩。仁里-传梓源矿床显示出稀有金属岩浆-热液两阶段成矿的特征,伟晶岩中锂云母Ar-Ar坪年龄为125.0±1.4 Ma,代表了岩浆分异演化晚阶段,近热液体系中稀有金属聚集成矿的时代。 相似文献
7.
幕阜山东部麦埚铍矿床伟晶岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
幕阜山是中国重要的稀有金属矿集区,区域内多期次岩浆活动形成的复式花岗岩基与稀有金属成矿关系密切.目前,区域内黑云母花岗岩阶段和二云母花岗岩阶段的稀有金属成矿作用已有报道,而岩浆演化晚期白云母花岗岩阶段的相关成矿作用缺乏研究.文章选取了幕阜山东部麦埚铍矿床内由白云母花岗岩分异形成的含绿柱石伟晶岩作为研究对象,对其进行了 LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素组成测试.结果显示,伟晶岩中锆石U-Pb年龄为(124.9±0.34)Ma,表明麦埚地区以铍为主的稀有金属成矿作用发生在早白垩世,同时也代表了幕阜山地区与白云母花岗岩相关的稀有金属成矿作用.此外,麦埚含绿柱石伟晶岩的εHf(t)值为-7.6～-5.2,二阶段模式年龄为1668～1512 Ma,与复式岩体中各阶段花岗质侵入体的εHf(t)和二阶段模式年龄值大致吻合,显示出它们相似的源区特征.综合区域内已有的年代学数据,与稀有金属成矿相关的岩浆活动主要分布在早白垩世,大致可分为3个阶段:黑云母花岗岩阶段(145 Ma)以Be矿化为主,矿化强度较低;二云母花岗岩阶段(140～138 Ma)为区域稀有金属成矿的主阶段,矿化种类包括Be-Nb-Ta-Li-Cs,矿化强度高;白云母花岗岩(125～122 Ma)阶段以Be-Nb-Ta矿化为主,矿化强度不高.幕阜山岩体是典型的"体中体"模式复式岩基,白云母花岗岩作为晚期分异程度最高的侵入体,却未发生大规模成矿作用,其原因在于受到了岩浆活动规模、岩浆冷却速率和容矿空间等多重因素的制约. 相似文献
8.
滇西凤庆邦漂地区发育大量花岗伟晶岩脉,为揭示花岗伟晶岩脉群的成因和地球动力学背景,对其进行了全岩地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学研究。伟晶岩样品具高硅(w(SiO_(2))=74.2%~78.6%,平均75.7%)、富碱(w(Na_(2)O+K_(2)O)=7.63%~11.11%,平均9.03%)、低镁值(Mg^(#)=16.6~39.0,平均28.6)、弱过铝质(A/CNK=0.85~1.12,平均1.01)特征,属弱过铝质高钾钙碱性—钾玄岩系列。样品具低固结指数(SI=0.44~1.02),高分异指数(DI=95.1~97.3),w(Ba)(18.600×10^(-6)~99.300×10^(-6))、w(Sr)(6.200×10^(-6)~13.200×10^(-6))、w(Ti)(42.430×10^(-6)~106.140×10^(-6))、w(Eu)(0.023×10^(-6)~0.065×10^(-6))元素负异常,Nb/Ta(3.48~10.37)、Zr/Hf(13.18~30.06)值明显低于球粒陨石和大陆地壳的相应比值特征,指示岩浆演化高分异特性;样品富含过铝质矿物白云母,弱过铝质和偏低的锆石饱和温度(平均666℃),总体与S型花岗岩特征吻合,综合表明其属高分异S型花岗岩。花岗伟晶岩结晶年龄为221.4±1.9 Ma,略晚于三叠纪花岗岩成岩年龄(239~224 Ma),与岩浆演化顺序一致;二者微量元素配分曲线相似,Ba,Sr和Eu亏损,在w(Zr)-w(Hf)图上呈线性正相关关系,反映二者存有亲缘关系。综上认为,花岗伟晶岩是三叠纪花岗岩晚期岩浆热液高度结晶分异的结果,起源于古元古代地壳(富黏土泥质岩)的部分熔融,形成于晚三叠世保山—思茅地块后碰撞阶段。 相似文献
9.
喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩具有较好的稀有金属成矿前景。珠穆朗玛峰位于该淡色花岗岩带的中部,其中大量的淡色花岗岩和伟晶岩出露,并成为珠穆朗玛重要的岩石组成部分。近期,我们在珠峰前进沟地区发现并采集了锂成矿伟晶岩,在手标本上可以清晰看到浅褐红色的铁锂云母。进一步的全岩地球化学以及矿物学研究表明,前进沟锂成矿伟晶岩为锂电气石-锂云母型伟晶岩,具有稀有金属元素（Be-Nb-Li）含量高、Rb/Sr比值高、Zr/Hf和Nb/Ta比值低等特征。所有的矿物学和地球化学特征都表明该伟晶岩经历了高度的岩浆分异作用。矿物成分上看,云母由铁锂云母演变为锂云母,电气石由黑电气石演变为锂电气石,Fe、Mg含量降低,Li含量升高,这一特征直接指示着演化过程中岩浆成分的变化。这次发现,是首次在该地区发现锂成矿作用,也是我国喜马拉雅首次报道锂电气石-锂云母型伟晶岩的存在。结合珠穆朗玛峰周围（普士拉、热曲）近期发现的锂辉石-透锂长石型伟晶岩,珠穆朗玛地区很可能成为我国重要的一个锂（Li）成矿远景区。 相似文献
10.
稀有金属矿产是江西省优势矿产资源,成矿类型以花岗岩型为主,主要分布于赣西和赣北地区,以宜春414超大型钽铌矿为代表,而花岗岩广泛分布的赣南地区鲜有关于燕山期花岗岩型稀有金属矿床的报道。本文以赣南石城海罗岭铌钽矿床为研究重点,结合详细的野外调查,开展花岗岩的岩石学、岩石地球化学和同位素年代学等研究,厘定了海罗岭的中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩- 中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩岩石组合,明确了钠长石化叠加白云母化的中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩与铌钽矿密切相关的成矿专属性。海罗岭的成矿作用具两阶段特征,早阶段以蚀变花岗岩型钽铌矿为主,赋存于钠长石化白云母化中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩中,晚阶段则以花岗伟晶岩型锂矿为主,赋存于云母锂辉石伟晶岩中。海罗岭的花岗岩主要经历了钠长石化、白云母化、黄玉化、绢云母化、硅化等蚀变作用,呈现碱性长石化→云英岩化的演化过程。海罗岭花岗岩具富硅、富碱、富铝,贫钛、镁的特征,其中钠长石化白云母化中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩（富钽花岗岩）中F含量为8330×10-6～13076×10-6,平均为10475×10-6,具极低的Nb/Ta值（0. 34~0. 49）、Zr/Hf值（3. 73~4. 19）、稀土总量低（ΣREE为16. 3×10-6~23. 2×10-6）和“四分组”效应等特征,显示其成矿经历了岩浆- 流体相互作用的过程。研究显示,Li矿化富集程度与F含量呈明显的正相关,与稀土总量、K/Rb值呈负相关;Ta矿化富集程度与F含量呈明显的正相关,与Nb/Ta值、Zr/Hf值呈明显的负相关。中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩锆石U- Pb年龄为141. 9±1. 1 Ma,云母锂辉石伟晶岩和碱性长石伟晶岩独居石U- Pb年龄分别为141. 68±0. 69 Ma和137. 62±0. 73 Ma,均归属于早白垩世。研究表明,赣南地区140 Ma左右可能存在一次与钠长石化叠加白云母化中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩相关的独特的铌钽矿成矿事件和与花岗伟晶岩相关的锂成矿事件。这一发现打破了以往华南稀有金属主要赋存于燕山期复式岩体晚期二云母花岗岩- 白云母花岗岩中的认识,拓宽了找矿思路,为赣南乃至华南地区稀有金属找矿提供了新的方向。 相似文献
11.
The Mangabeira deposit is the only known Brazilian tin mineralization with indium. It is hosted in the Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic Mangabeira within-plate granitic massif, which has geochemical characteristics of NYF fertile granites. The granitic massif is hosted in Archean to Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks (Ticunzal formation), Paleoproterozoic peraluminous granites (Aurumina suite) and a granite–gneiss complex. The mineralized area comprises evolved Li-siderophyllite granite, topaz–albite granite, Li–F-rich mica greisens and a quartz–topaz rock, similar to topazite. Two types of greisens are recognized in the mineralized area: zinnwaldite greisen and Li-rich muscovite greisen, formed by metasomatism of topaz–albite granite and Li-siderophyllite granite, respectively. Cassiterite occurs in the quartz–topaz rock and in the greisens. Indium minerals, such as roquesite (CuInS2), yanomamite (InAsO4·2H2O) and dzhalindite (In(OH3)), and In-rich cassiterite, sphalerite, stannite group minerals and scorodite are more abundant in the quartz–topaz rock, and are also recognized in albitized biotite granite and in Li-rich muscovite greisen. The host rocks and mineralized zones were subsequently overprinted by the Brasiliano orogenic event.Primary widespread two-phase aqueous and rare coeval aqueous-carbonic fluid inclusions are preserved in quartz from the topaz–albite granite, in quartz and topaz from the quartz–topaz rock and in cassiterite from the Li-rich muscovite greisen. Eutectic temperatures are − 25 °C to − 23 °C, allowing modeling of the aqueous fluids in the system H2O–NaCl(–KCl). Rare three-phase H2O–NaCl fluid inclusions (45–50 wt.% NaCl equiv.) are restricted to the topaz–albite granite. Salinities and homogenization temperatures of the aqueous and aqueous-carbonic fluid inclusions decrease from the topaz–albite granite (15–20 wt.% NaCl equiv.; 400 °C–450 °C), to the quartz–topaz rock (10–15 wt.% NaCl equiv.; 250 °C–350 °C) and to the greisen (0–5 wt.% NaCl equiv.; 200 °C–250 °C). Secondary fluid inclusions have the same range of salinities as the primary fluid inclusions, and homogenize between 150 and 210 °C.The estimated equilibrium temperatures based on δ18O of quartz–mica pairs are 610–680 °C for the topaz–albite granite and 285–370 °C for the Li-rich muscovite greisens. These data are coherent with measured fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures. Temperatures estimated using arsenopyrite geothermometry yield crystallization temperatures of 490–530 °C for the quartz–topaz rock and 415–505 °C for the zinnwaldite greisens. The fluids in equilibrium with the topaz–albite granite have calculated δ18O and δD values of 5.6–7.5‰ and − 67 to − 58‰, respectively. Estimated δ18O and δD values are mainly 4.8–7.9‰ and − 60 to − 30‰, respectively, for the fluids in equilibrium with the quartz–topaz rock and zinnwaldite greisen; and 3.4–3.9‰ and − 25 to − 17‰, respectively, for the Li-rich muscovite greisen fluid. δ34S data on arsenopyrite from the quartz–topaz rock vary from − 1.74 to − 0.74‰, consistent with a magmatic origin for the sulfur. The integration of fluid inclusion with oxygen isotopic data allows for estimation of the minimum crystallization pressure at ca. 770 bar for the host topaz–albite granite, which is consistent with its evolved signature.Based on petrological, fluid inclusion and isotope data it is proposed that the greisens and related Mangabeira Sn–In mineralization had a similar hydrothermal genesis, which involved exsolution of F-rich, Sn–In-bearing magmatic fluids from the topaz–albite granite, early formation of the quartz–topaz rock and zinnwaldite greisen, progressive cooling and Li-rich muscovite greisen formation due to interaction with meteoric water. The quartz–topaz rock is considered to have formed in the magmatic-hydrothermal transition. The mineralizing saline and CO2-bearing fluids are interpreted to be of magmatic origin, based on the isotopic data and paragenesis, which has been documented as characteristic of the tin mineralization genetically related to Proterozoic within-plate granitic magmatism in the Goias Tin Province, Central Brazil. 相似文献
12.
Most rare-metal granites in South China host major W deposits with few or without Ta–Nb mineralization. However, the Yashan granitic pluton, located in the Yichun area of western Jiangxi province, South China, hosts a major Nb–Ta deposit with minor W mineralization. It is thus important for understanding the diversity of W and Nb–Ta mineralization associated with rare-metal granites. The Yashan pluton consists of multi-stage intrusive units, including the protolithionite (-muscovite) granite, Li-mica granite and topaz–lepidolite granite from the early to late stages. Bulk-rock REE contents and La/Yb ratios decrease from protolithionite granite to Li-mica granite to topaz–lepidolite granite, suggesting the dominant plagioclase fractionation. This variation, together with increasing Li, Rb, Cs and Ta but decreasing Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf ratios, is consistent with the magmatic evolution. In the Yashan pluton, micas are protolithionite, muscovite, Li-mica and lepidolite, and zircons show wide concentration ranges of ZrO2, HfO2, UO2, ThO2, Y2O3 and P2O5. Compositional variations of minerals, such as increasing F, Rb and Li in mica and increasing Hf, U and P in zircon are also in concert with the magmatic evolution from protolithionite granite to Li-mica granite to topaz–lepidolite granite. The most evolved topaz–lepidolite granite has the highest bulk-rock Li, Rb, Cs, F and P contents, consistent with the highest contents of these elements and the lowest Nb/Ta ratio in mica and the lowest Zr/Hf ratio in zircon. Ta–Nb enrichment was closely related to the enrichment of volatile elements (i.e. Li, F and P) in the melt during magmatic evolution, which raised the proportion of non-bridging oxygens (NBOs) in the melt. The rims of zoned micas in the Li-mica and topaz–lepidolite granites contain lower Rb, Cs, Nb and Ta and much lower F and W than the cores and/or mantles, indicating an exotic aqueous fluid during hydrothermal evolution. Some columbite-group minerals may have formed from exotic aqueous fluids which were originally depleted in F, Rb, Cs, Nb, Ta and W, but such fluids were not responsible for Ta–Nb enrichment in the Yashan granite. The interaction of hydrothermal fluids with previously existing micas may have played an important role in leaching, concentrating and transporting W, Fe and Ti. Ta–Nb enrichment was associated with highly evolved magmas, but W mineralization is closely related to hydrothermal fluid. Thus these magmatic and hydrothermal processes explain the diversity of W and Ta–Nb mineralizations in the rare-metal granites. 相似文献
13.
近年来,大兴安岭南段维拉斯托矿区深部Sn-Li找矿取得重大突破,但人们目前对与成矿作用密切相关的深部花岗岩体成因与演化及其对稀有金属矿化存在怎样的制约尚不清楚.为此,针对该岩体开展了年代学、地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成研究,获得的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为130.7±0.5 Ma（MSWD=0.53）,属早白垩世岩浆活动产物.化学组成上表现为高硅、富碱（高钠）,贫钙、镁、铁和极低P2O5（< 0.01%）含量特征,铝饱和指数（A/CNK）集中于1.02~1.08,全岩Rb/Sr、Nb/Ta比值高,Zr/Hf比值低（< 4）.岩体富Cs、Rb、Th、U、Nb、Ta以及Li、F等元素,亏损Ba、Sr、Ti和稀土元素,轻重稀土比值小,并具显著的四分组效应和Eu负异常（δEu=0.02~0.15）,锆石饱和温度（691~727℃）和Zr+Nb+Ce+Y含量均低于A型花岗岩,以上综合特征反映其应属准铝-弱过铝质高分异I型花岗岩类.岩体具正的εNd（t）（+1.10~+3.75）值和相对均一的εHf（t）（+4.2~+8.7）以及年轻的二阶段模式年龄（T（Nd）DMC=607~829 Ma;T（Hf）DMC=627~914 Ma）,说明成矿岩体的岩浆源区可能来自于含大量幔源组分新生下地壳的部分熔融.Sn-（稀有）成矿受岩浆后期的高度分异演化和晚期流体-熔体相互作用共同影响,并与外围的脉状矿体共同构成岩浆-热液成矿系统. 相似文献
14.
湘南矿集区长英质岩脉的特征及其成矿、找矿意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
南岭地区不仅广泛出露花岗岩,而且还广泛分布着长英质岩脉。本文选择湘南矿集区的奇古岭、香花岭、荷花坪、千里山、新田岭和瑶岗仙6个不同类型、不同演化程度的长英质（流纹质、微粒花岗岩质、细晶岩质）岩脉为研究对象,利用全岩分析、电子探针矿物化学成分分析等结果,对比总结了这些长英质岩脉的岩石学、矿物学、年代学和地球化学等方面的特征。奇古岭和香花岭是其中演化程度最高的2个岩脉,富含Li和F等挥发组分,含有黄玉和铁锂云母等特征矿物,全岩和锆石的Zr/Hf比值均较低,同时它们还富集成矿元素,并以不同产状氧化物（锡石、金红石和铌钽矿物）形式存在。其它4个岩体成矿信息不明显,仅见由于后期绿泥石化形成于绿泥石解理缝中的次生矿物金红石（富集Nb和W）。除了千里山以外,岩脉与寄主或相邻的花岗岩体大多属于同一时期的产物,但从年代学并不一定能够体现出它们与各自主岩体之间的相关性。这些岩脉都是花岗岩的次火山相或火山相的类似物,包括了斑晶矿物和基质矿物,快速的冷凝结晶的过程导致形成了特殊的岩石结构、矿物组合和成分特征,它们记录了岩浆-流体体系的活动过程。这些信息之间的相互印证,证实了奇古岭岩脉与骑田岭花岗岩来源于不同的源区,香花岭431岩脉可能是癞子岭花岗岩进一步高度分异结晶的产物,千里山岩脉与主体花岗岩也是不同成因的岩浆活动,荷花坪、新田岭和瑶岗仙岩脉与主体花岗岩未能判断明确的成因联系和成矿信息。因此,长英质岩脉,尤其是高演化的岩脉也能成为在南岭地区寻找成矿花岗岩的新窗口,它能够提供更直接的深部信息,特别是本身即为矿体的岩脉,可以指示深部或周围存在成矿作用。它们有可能与寄主岩体相关,也有可能来源于深部不同的岩浆房,这对与提供寻找隐伏岩体和矿体的证据、找矿勘探工作均有很重要的意义。 相似文献
15.
Topaz–albite granites and rare-metal mineralization in the Limu District, Guangxi Province, southeast China 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Jin-Chu Zhu Ren-Ke Li Fu-Chun Li Xiao-Lin Xiong Feng-Ying Zhou Xiao-Long Huang 《Mineralium Deposita》2001,36(5):393-405
The topaz-albite granites of the Limu district are ultra-acidic, peraluminous, Li-F-Na-rich and Sn-Ta-Nb-mineralized. A distinct vertical zonation is developed in the granite stocks. There is an upward, systematic transition from leucocratic microcline-albite granite, through albite-microcline granite, topaz-albite granite, pegmatite stockscheider and layered pegmatite-aplite dikes, to K-feldspar-quartz veins and lepidolite-fluorite stringers in the country rocks. Snow-ball textures, homogeneous distribution of rock-forming and accessory minerals, disseminated mineralization, and melt inclusions in quartz, topaz, and albite are typical features indicative of their crystallization from the late stage Li-F-Na-rich and Sn-Ta-Nb-bearing residual granitic melts at a higher intrusion level. A comparison with rare-metal-bearing pegmatite, ongonite, topaz rhyolite and obsidian glass from other regions shows the worldwide existence of these specialized residual melts. Their emplacement and crystallization in a variety of geological environments result in the formation of a series of chemically similar rocks with different petrographic textures and mineral associations. The topaz-albite granites and associated mineralization in the Limu district provide a good example of highly evolved magmatic fractionation in the F-rich granite system and fluid/melt partitioning behavior of rare-metal elements during magmatic-hydrothermal evolution. 相似文献
16.
内蒙古维拉斯托稀有金属-锡多金属矿床的成矿作用:来自花岗质岩浆结晶分异的启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
内蒙古维拉斯托稀有金属-锡多金属矿床位于大兴安岭南段西坡,是一个以锡为主,共伴生锌、钨、铜、钼、铌、钽、锂和铷的大型矿床。该矿床以发育铌、钽、铷、锂矿化有别于大兴安岭南段的其他锡多金属矿床。本文对维拉斯托地区的北大山岩体和维拉斯托岩体开展了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、全岩地球化学研究和锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析。北大山岩体和维拉斯托岩体的结晶年龄分别为140±2Ma和137±1Ma~138±1Ma。2个岩体均具有高硅、富碱、贫铁镁钙特征,主体为高钾钙碱性的弱过铝质碱长花岗岩,轻重稀土分馏不明显,呈现出显著的负铕异常。2个岩体均富集Rb、Th、U、K、Ta、Hf和轻稀土元素,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Eu和Ti等元素。与北大山岩体相比,维拉斯托岩体有更低的稀土总量,更明显的Eu负异常,展示了明显的稀土元素四分组效应;Ba、Sr、Eu、Ti和Y亏损更强烈。二者的时空关系和地球化学特征表明2个岩体为同一期岩浆活动不同演化阶段的产物,岩浆演化过程经历了钾长石、斜长石、黑云母、独居石、榍石、褐帘石、磷灰石、磷钇矿、锆石和钛铁矿的分离结晶,维拉斯托岩体还发生了熔体-流体相互作用。北大山岩体和维拉斯托岩体锆石的εHf(t)值分别为5.4~8.6和4.2~9.9,两阶段Hf同位素模式年龄分别为643~847Ma和556~921Ma,表明它们的岩浆源区为起源于亏损地幔的新元古代新生地壳物质。北大山岩体属于高分异I型花岗岩,维拉斯托岩体发育钠长石、天河石、黄玉、锂云母和萤石,属于超分异的Li-F花岗岩。花岗质岩浆的高程度分离结晶和熔体-流体相互作用是形成维拉斯托超分异花岗岩并发生稀有金属-锡多金属成矿作用的重要控制因素。维拉斯托稀有金属-锡多金属矿床属于岩浆-热液矿床。维拉斯托地区的早白垩世花岗质岩石形成于伸展环境。 相似文献
17.
Abstract. Vein type tungsten mineralization at Degana is genetically and spatially associated with the Degana Granite. The deposit is characterized by pervasive wall rock alteration around the mineralized quartz veins. Laterally three different alteration zones, greisen, silicification and potassic zones, are marked based on the field features, mineral assemblages and geo-chemical characteristics. In the present paper, systematic mineralogical and chemical variation in these alteration zones is reported. Thick mono-mineralic (zinnwaldite) selvages around the veins characterize the deposit. Plagioclase and alkali feldspar are low in the greisen zones while K-feldspar shows more increase than plagioclase in the potassic zone. Quartz is uniformly high in all the alteration zones, but it shows an anomalous value in the silicification zone. Al2 O3 concentration shows initial depletion in greisen zone with gradual increase away from the contact. MgO and FeO are higher in greisen zone than silicification and potassic zones. The potassic zone is characterized by the depletion of Na2 O and higher value of K2 O.
The common presence of topaz and fluorite as both primary and secondary minerals and fluorine-bearing micas suggest fluorine partitioning in substantial amount between granitic melt and coexisting aqueous fluid phase and higher HF activity during the evolution of hydrothermal fluid. The mutual relationship of the fluorine minerals (topaz and fluorite) in the different alteration zones suggests an increase in the Ca2+ activity and decrease of H+ activity during the fluid evolution from greisenization towards alkali-metasomatised granite and the fluid is assumed to change from low to high activity ratio of Ca2+ /H+. 相似文献
The common presence of topaz and fluorite as both primary and secondary minerals and fluorine-bearing micas suggest fluorine partitioning in substantial amount between granitic melt and coexisting aqueous fluid phase and higher HF activity during the evolution of hydrothermal fluid. The mutual relationship of the fluorine minerals (topaz and fluorite) in the different alteration zones suggests an increase in the Ca
18.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2021,81(4):125796
The Jiuyishan complex located at Hunan Province, Jiuyishan district, South China, is composed of five granitic plutons (Xuehuading, Jinjiling, Pangxiemu, Shaziling and Xishan). The Zhengchong Li-Rb-Cs deposit is a greisen-type deposit hosted by the Jinjiling granite, adjacent to the Pangxiemu granitic pluton. Based on textures, three types of greisen may be distinguished at Zhengchong: medium-grained massive greisen, feldspar-phyric greisen and quartz-phyric greisen. Detailed studies on field occurrence, petrographic observations, whole-rock and mineral geochemistry reveals that the Jinjiling granites represent the protoliths of the greisen mineralization and not the Pangxiemu granites. Metasomatic alteration of different phases of the Jinjiling granites formed at least three greisen types mentioned above. The medium-grained greisen and quartz-phyric greisen are totally altered, but the feldspar-phyric greisen are relatively less altered with residual feldspar phenocrysts. We also propose three main indications for ore deposit exploration in this area: future mineral exploration in the district should focus on the periphery of the Pangxiemu pluton, particularly along structures, where greisen alteration has been developed in places. 相似文献