共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
考虑岩石闭合裂纹壁面间存在的摩擦力对裂纹尖端应力场的影响,应用最大周向应力理论得到压剪复合裂纹的断裂角。在此基础上,依据岩石裂纹尖端双向受力时的破坏特征,结合最大周向应力准则与修正的格里菲斯（Griffith）强度理论,建立了考虑摩擦效应的闭合裂纹失稳扩展的岩石压剪断裂判据。研究结果表明：断裂角受裂纹和荷载方向的夹角、裂纹壁面之间的摩擦系数、侧压力系数的影响;当压剪裂纹的断裂角是某个定值时,纯II型裂纹的断裂韧度与纯I型裂纹的断裂韧度的比值只与岩石裂纹表面的摩擦系数取值有关,而与其他岩石力学参数无关。此研究成果可为压剪应力作用下裂隙岩体的失稳破坏提供参考。 相似文献
2.
基于Drucker-Prager（下简称D-P）准则,建立压缩载荷作用下的非贯通节理岩石的弹塑性断裂模型。针对节理岩石小范围屈服翼裂纹尖端塑性区,推导了D-P屈服准则的纯I、纯II及I、II复合型3种翼裂纹无量纲塑性区径长函数,并与Mises准则的塑性区进行对比;结果表明,D-P准则的I型和复合型塑性区较Mises屈服准则的塑性区大,且其II型及I、II复合型塑性区在翼裂纹上下表面不连续。进一步,引入断裂软化因子以表征节理岩石裂隙断裂扩展后的断裂软化规律,考虑非贯通节理岩石复合型断裂软化,是由于节理尖端翼裂纹应变能密度超过最小应变能密度导致其成核扩展引起的,提出用应变能密度的指数函数形式表征断裂软化变量的演化;塑性屈服函数采用Borja等的应力张量3个不变量的硬化/软化函数,反映塑性内变量及应力状态对硬化函数的影响;建立节理岩石的弹塑性断裂本构关系及其数值算法,并用回映隐式积分算法编制了弹塑性断裂模型的程序。以单轴压缩下非贯通节理岩石为例,分析岩石断裂韧度、节理摩擦系数和节理倾角等参数的影响,结果表明,所提出的弹塑性断裂模型与数值和试验结果比较吻合。 相似文献
3.
经典断裂判据在分析岩石起裂角度及强度时,往往只选择裂尖应力场展开式中的r1/2奇异应力项,而将高阶的O(r1/2)项以及非奇异应力项（T应力）忽略,造成理论预测并不能完全吻合实际的试验结果。在充分考虑非奇异应力项对裂纹扩展影响作用的基础上,利用最大周向应力判据重新研究了岩石类材料脆性破坏的I、II及I-II复合型裂纹扩展。研究结果表明：（1）纯I型裂纹状态下,T应力为负时（压缩）,裂纹的扩展是稳定的;而当T 应力为正时（拉伸）,只有当 ,裂纹才沿着裂纹方向扩展（经典断裂判据所预测的方向）,而其他情况下裂纹的扩展将发生偏转;（2）纯II型裂纹时,不仅沿着裂纹方向的T应力影响起裂角度及强度,垂直裂纹面上的N应力也同样具有重要的影响作用;（3）对I-II型裂纹而言,修正后的最大周向应力准则与试验结果吻合良好,且正的T应力增大开裂角,而负的T应力降低开裂角。通过控制T应力的大小,可以对裂纹扩展方向加以控制,从而使得裂纹扩展偏离最危险的方向,最大地限度阻止或延缓结构整体断裂的发生。 相似文献
4.
平台巴西圆盘(CFBD)具有避免加载点处应力集中、保证破坏由预制裂纹尖端处起始的优点,成为研究脆性材料断裂性能的常用试件之一。最近的研究发现,T应力也会影响材料断裂性能,但平台巴西圆盘并没有计算T应力的解析公式。使用解析分析与有限元数值分析相结合的方法,对复合型加载条件下平台巴西圆盘试件的T应力进行了计算,并对误差进行了系统的分析。结果表明,在一定载荷分布角内相对裂纹长度 时,不管是纯I、纯II还是复合型加载条件下平台巴西圆盘计算的T应力都可以用中心裂纹巴西圆盘均布载荷下T应力计算公式来计算;T应力相对误差随着相对裂纹长度的增加而增加。 相似文献
5.
为了研究中心裂纹巴西圆盘试件在压缩载荷作用下T应力的解析计算方法,通过权函数法推导出集中载荷作用下T应力的显式表达式,进而得到分布载荷作用下的T应力表达式。与边界配位法进行对比,所得公式优点在于任意相对裂纹长度和任意加载角下的T应力值都能较容易的精确得到。进一步分析表明,分布载荷与集中载荷作用下T应力的偏差随着载荷分布角的增加而增加。集中载荷作用下,相对裂纹长度固定时,T应力随着加载角的增大而增大。中心裂纹巴西圆盘纯I型与纯II型断裂试验时,大多数情况下的T应力都为负值。T应力值对中心裂纹巴西圆盘测定断裂韧度试验有影响,想要通过使T应力为0来消除这种影响是很难达到目的的。 相似文献
6.
将闭合裂纹表面的有效剪应力引入裂尖应力强度因子的计算,获得了无限大板和有限宽板含中心闭合裂纹在不同裂纹长度、倾角以及摩擦系数下裂纹尖端的应力强度因子值。引入等径向剪应力线 这一概念,建立了闭合裂纹断裂的有效剪应力准则：（1）岩板内闭合裂纹将沿着等 线上双剪应力的和最小的方向扩展;（2）裂纹尖端的应力强度因子KⅡ达到材料的临界值KⅡC,裂纹将开始扩展。该准则成功预测了闭合裂纹的临界起裂角 ,与各种经典复合型断裂准则计算Ⅱ型裂纹起裂角比较,结果较为接近。将其应用于闭合裂纹的断裂判定是安全的。 相似文献
7.
为了了解砂岩的I/III复合型断裂力学性能,采用含有裂纹面垂直于底面但倾斜于正背面的三点弯曲（TPB）试件实现面外断裂。使用Abaqus通过有限元法研究了不同裂纹面倾斜角下沿着试件厚度的I型、II型与III型无量纲应力强度因子。通过讨论可知,在靠近试件厚度中点处I型与III型无量纲应力强度因子取得较大值,而II型无量纲应力强度因子取得接近于0的可以忽略的极小值,且靠近自由面处的应力强度因子不作考虑。故该种试件可用于测量材料的I/III复合型断裂性能。数值计算结果与常规TPB试件的解析公式及倾斜裂纹面TPB试件的近似计算公式的结果进行对比,证明了数值模拟结果的准确性并讨论了近似公式存在的问题。使用7组共28个该种三点弯曲试件,研究砂岩的I/III复合型断裂特性,结果表明：砂岩的I型与III型临界应力强度因子随着裂纹面倾斜角的增大先增大后减小,但其变化趋势不同;砂岩的I/III复合型等效断裂韧度随着裂纹面倾斜角的增大先增大后减小,在倾斜角接近20°时取得最大值。裂纹扩展时裂纹面将发生扭转,倾斜角θ越大则扭转角度越大。 相似文献
8.
采用国际岩石力学学会岩石断裂韧度建议测试方法(ISRM)[1]提出的V形切槽巴西圆盘试样(CCNBD),测试了一种泥质砂岩的I型断裂韧度值,给出了一套试样切割制备方案,从试验现象角度分析了该泥质砂岩的断裂力学特性,讨论了该试样类型的有效尺寸和断裂机制,并指出了该方法的特点和优劣性,得出如下结论：（1）该类岩石试样测得的I型断裂韧度值对CCNBD试样直径尺寸变化具有较大的敏感性,并且直径大于ISRM建议方法中最小有效直径（75 mm）的试样测试结果更为稳定;（2）CCNBD试样断裂机制表现为以拉张应力（间接拉伸）作用为主,兼有一定的韧带面内剪切作用的应力状态下I型裂纹扩展模式;（3）V形切槽巴西圆盘方法具有试样加工工艺简单、能承受较大临界载荷、测试的I型断裂韧度值较稳定等优点,但其没有考虑断裂过程区(FPZ)的非线性问题,建议对该方法进行非线性修正图解方案研究,以达到更准确测定岩石断裂韧度的目的。 相似文献
9.
冲击载荷作用下岩石动态断裂试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以自行研制的可调速落锤冲击试验机进行加载,通过高速相机搭建数据采集系统,采用数字散斑相关方法作为试验的观测方法,开展5组不同预制裂纹长度的花岗岩试件在冲击载荷作用下的动态断裂试验。并对岩石I型裂纹在冲击载荷作用下的位移场演化、裂纹动态断裂的裂尖张开位移、裂纹尖端的扩展历史、动态断裂的应力强度因子进行了定量研究。试验结果表明：对于单一试件而言,在落锤开始与岩石试件的边界接触到试件的预制裂纹开始扩展整个过程中,裂纹尖端的应力强度因子KI呈递增趋势,KII与KI相比,相差1～2个数量级。对于不同预制裂纹试件,在落锤冲击加载作用下,总体表现为一定的预制裂纹长度范围内,随着预制裂纹的长度增加,裂纹尖端应力强度因子呈增加的趋势。 相似文献
10.
为了研究围压对巴西裂纹圆盘应力强度因子的影响,使用权函数方法得到了围压作用下巴西裂纹圆盘的应力强度因子,进而得到径向集中荷载与围压共同作用下的应力强度因子的计算公式。在此基础上,从理论上分析了围压对巴西裂纹圆盘应力强度因子的影响,分析结果表明：围压对II型应力强度因子无影响,纯围压作用下裂纹趋于闭合;围压和集中力共同作用下,I型应力强度因子随着围压的增大而减小。对比分析了数值分析与理论结果,分析表明,理论与数值结果吻合良好,从而表明了理论分析的正确性。此外,还研究了围压对纯II型裂纹加载条件的影响,结果表明,纯II型裂纹的临界加载角随着围压增大而减小,直至为0。因此,当围压较大时,加载角为0°左右所发生的断裂不一定全是纯I型断裂。 相似文献
11.
Application of Cracked Triangular Specimen Subjected to Three-Point Bending for Investigating Fracture Behavior of Rock Materials 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
M. R. M. Aliha Gh. R. Hosseinpour M. R. Ayatollahi 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2013,46(5):1023-1034
Numerical and experimental studies were performed on a new fracture test configuration called the edge cracked triangular (ECT) specimen. Using several finite-element analyses, the fracture parameters (i.e., K I, K II, and T-stress) were obtained for different combinations of modes I and II. The finite-element results show that the ECT specimen is able to provide pure mode I, pure mode II, and any mixed-mode loading conditions in between. Also, a series of mixed-mode fracture experiments were conducted on Neiriz marble rock using the proposed specimen. Furthermore, the generalized maximum tangential stress (GMTS) criterion was used to predict the experimental results. The GMTS criterion makes use of a three-parameter model (based on K I, K II, and T) for describing the crack tip stresses. Due to the significant positive T-stresses that exist in the ECT specimen, typical minimum fracture toughness values were expected to be obtained when the ECT specimen is used. The direction of fracture initiation and the path of fracture growth were also obtained theoretically using the GMTS criterion, and good agreement was observed between the experimental fracture path and theoretical simulations. The fracture study of this specimen reveals that the ECT specimen can be also used in mixed-mode fracture studies of rock materials in addition to the conventional circular or rectangular beam test samples. 相似文献
12.
Summary This paper presents a systematic procedure for determining fracture toughness of an anisotropic marble using the diametral
compression test (Brazilian test) with a central crack on the discs. Additionally, a novel formulation to increase the accuracy
in Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) calculations using Boundary Element Method (BEM) is applied to determine the stress intensity
factors and the fracture toughness of anisotropic rocks under mixed-mode loading. The numerical results show that the SIFs
for both isotropic and anisotropic problems are in good agreement with those reported by previous authors. The marble with
clear white-black foliation from Hualien (in eastern Taiwan), was selected for the Brazilian tests. Diametral loading was
conducted on the Cracked Straight Through Brazilian Disc (CSTBD) specimens to evaluate their fracture toughness. In addition,
a new fracture criterion was developed to predict pure mode I, pure mode II or mixed mode (I–II) fracture toughness of the
anisotropic marble. The new fracture criterion is based on the examination of mode I, mode II and mixed mode (I–II) fracture
toughness for different crack angles and anisotropic orientation.
Authors’ address: Associate Professor Chao-Shi Chen, Department of Resources Engineering, National Cheng Kung University,
No. 1 Dasyue Rd., East District, Tainan 701, Taiwan 相似文献
13.
Crack propagation in rocks is simulated by using a displacement substitution method based on a mixed mode fracture criterion. The main advantage of this model is that it can distinguish between mode I and mode II stress intensity factors simultaneously. A typical finite element program is used to compute displacements adjacent to the crack tip. The maximum circumferential tensile stress is adopted as a ‘yield surface’ for the calculation of the load factor in each crack increment. Pure mode I and mixed mode examples have been analysed to validate the capability of the model. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
Naser A. Al-Shayea 《Engineering Geology》2005,81(1):84-97
Propagation of a crack in engineering materials including rocks can cause failure. Knowledge of the stress state under which a crack can propagate, and the trajectory it may follow during its growth are thus very important for the stability of rock masses/materials and for the safe design of structures in/on rocks. In this paper, the crack initiation angle and subsequent crack propagation path are experimentally investigated for limestone rock specimens. This investigation was conducted under various mixed mode I-II loading conditions, including pure mode-I and pure mode-II.This study includes conducting diametrical compression tests on notched Brazilian disk specimens. Moreover, the effect of confining pressure and temperature on crack initiation and propagation were also studied. The experimental results were compared with theoretical predictions of crack initiation angle. The results showed that limestone behaves in brittle fashion, and the effects of confining pressure and temperature on failure trajectories were not significant. Generally, the crack initiation angle can be predicted by the maximum tangential stress criterion. However, for notched Brazilian disk with high value of crack orientation with respect to loading direction, crack does not propagate from the tip of the crack. This important observation indicated that the tensile-strength failure can become more critical than the fracture-toughness failure. 相似文献
15.
Mixed mode fracture experiments were conducted on Harsin marble using two disc-shape samples namely the Brazilian disc (BD)
and the semi-circular bend (SCB) specimens. For each specimen, a complete fracture toughness envelope ranging from pure mode
I to pure mode II was obtained. The experimental results indicate that the mixed mode fracture toughness depends on the geometry
and loading conditions such that for any similar mode mixture, the BD test data were significantly greater than the SCB fracture
toughness results. Therefore, the conventional fracture criteria which present a unique mixed mode fracture curve, fail to
predict the test results. It is shown that a generalized criterion, which takes into account the effects of geometry and loading
conditions, is able to provide individual fracture curves for theses specimens with very good estimates for the test results
obtained from both BD and SCB specimens. The BD and SCB specimens can be suggested as appropriate specimens for obtaining
typical upper bound and lower bound envelopes for mixed mode fracture toughness of rocks. 相似文献
16.
The cracked chevron notched Brazilian disc (CCNBD) specimen has been suggested by International Society for Rock Mechanics for measuring mode I fracture toughness of rocks. Subsequently, this specimen geometry has been widely extended to conduct mixed mode fracture tests on rocks as well. A straight through crack front during the fracturing process upon the root of the chevron notch is assumed in the testing principle, but has never been thoroughly evaluated before. In this study, for the first time, the progressive rock fracture mechanism of the CCNBD rock specimen under mixed mode loading is numerically simulated. Specimens under representative mixed mode loading angles are modelled; and the assumption of the straight through crack front growth is critically assessed. The results show that not only the notch tip but also the saw-cut chevron notch cracks during the experiments, yielding a prominent twisted front, far from being straight. The crack front never grows up to the root of the notch ligament and the straight through crack front assumption is never satisfied in the realistic rock fracture progress of this chevron notched specimen subjected to mixed mode loads. In contrast, the fracture progress features typical three-dimensional wing cracking towards the loading ends. The numerically observed progressive fracture mechanism reveals that the measuring principle of mixed mode fracture tests employing CCNBD specimens is significantly violated and the measures of both modes I and II fracture toughness are uncertain. 相似文献