共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
近距离上保护层开采瓦斯运移规律数值分析 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
采动裂隙是瓦斯运移的通道,搞清瓦斯运移规律是瓦斯治理的前提。在考虑岩石动态破坏过程和含瓦斯煤岩渗流-应力-损伤耦合的基础上,结合平煤五矿实际地质条件和开采工艺,建立了数值计算模型,应用RFPA-Gas程序模拟了近距离上保护层采动顶底板岩层变形破坏、裂隙演化规律与瓦斯运移规律。模拟结果较好地再现了保护层开采过程中煤岩层应力变化、顶底板损伤及裂隙演化过程,得到了上覆岩层移动的“上三带”（冒落带、裂隙带和弯曲下沉带）和底板变形的“下两带”（底板变形破坏带和弹塑性变形带）。得到了被保护层瓦斯流量分布、瓦斯压力分布和透气系数的变化规律,卸压煤层瓦斯透气性增大了2 500倍,得到了煤壁下方压缩区和膨胀区之间的张剪瓦斯渗流通道,并将保护层底板压缩区和膨胀区的瓦斯渗流特征提炼出来：压缩区对应的是渗流减速减量区、膨胀区由卸压膨胀陡变区和卸压膨胀平稳区组成,分别对应着渗流急剧增速增量区和渗流平稳增量区。指出卸压膨胀陡变区是瓦斯突出危险区,为近距离保护层开采瓦斯治理指明了方向。实践表明,瓦斯治理效果显著。 相似文献
2.
为研究开采过程中煤岩力学行为及渗透率演化规律,运用含瓦斯煤热-流-固耦合渗流伺服试验系统,进行了不同加卸载条件下原煤力学及渗流试验,分析了加卸载应力作用对煤岩变形及渗流规律的影响,得到了剪胀角随塑性剪切应变的变化关系,发现了塑性剪切应变在1.6%左右会出现剪胀角急剧变化的现象。根据试验现象和结果,考虑煤岩结构对渗透率的影响,对煤岩在弹性阶段和屈服损伤后的结构进行简化,基于火柴棍模型及渗流理论分析,从应变的角度出发,探讨了加卸载应力对煤岩渗透率的影响,建立了两个不同阶段的渗透率模型（即弹性阶段和损伤阶段）,基于不同阶段的渗透率模型和剪胀角规律,构建了煤岩全过程渗透率模型。所构建的渗透率模型与试验结果对比吻合效果较好,验证了该模型的适用性,可以为实现煤与瓦斯共采提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
3.
《岩土力学》2017,(12)
为研究含瓦斯砂岩卸荷破坏过程中的变形及渗流规律,采用自主研发的含瓦斯煤热-流-固耦合渗流伺服试验系统,开展了不同围压和相同瓦斯压力条件下的卸围压渗流试验,建立了基于应变指标的瓦斯渗流模型。得出的主要结论有:(1)含瓦斯砂岩破坏表现出明显的脆性特征,峰值应力点后瞬间,应力、应变及流量均出现突跳;(2)应力-应变及渗透率变化呈现明显的阶段性特征:孔隙、微裂隙压密及弹性变形阶段(Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段),砂岩渗透性为0;卸荷屈服阶段(Ⅲ阶段),产生新的损伤,渗透性小幅增加;卸荷破坏应力跌落阶段(Ⅳ阶段),应力突降,应变陡增,裂隙贯通后渗透性陡增,是渗透性主导阶段;破坏后阶段(Ⅴ),应力、应变及流量变化均趋于稳定;(3)含瓦斯砂岩破坏阶段,受气体压力和泊松效应影响,使径向应变和体积应变远大于轴向应变;(4)含层理砂岩卸荷破坏形式以产生沿层理面方向的张剪混合裂缝为主。基于Kozeny-Carman方程和裂隙流理论,建立了应变相关渗透率模型,揭示了含瓦斯砂岩损伤破坏渗流机制,对研究瓦斯突出、及在破断岩体中的运移规律及抽采孔优化设计等具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
4.
岩溶化裂隙岩体是普遍发育于自然界中具有初始损伤的岩体。为了研究岩溶化裂隙岩体损伤破坏特征,本文以贵州某地赋存的溶蚀岩体为研究对象,运用损伤力学理论构建岩溶化裂隙岩体在单轴压缩条件下的损伤演化模型,并建立岩溶化裂隙岩体损伤演化方程。采用颗粒流数值软件进行单轴压缩数值试验,进一步研究岩溶化裂隙岩体试件在单轴压缩条件下的损伤演化特征,分析岩溶化裂隙岩体的微观损伤特征。结果表明:岩溶化裂隙岩体的初始损伤主要包括溶蚀损伤和裂隙损伤。岩溶化裂隙岩体的初始损伤随着溶蚀率的增加而增加,最终增加速率趋于平缓;岩溶化裂隙岩体的损伤演化曲线均呈“S”型变化,先缓慢增加,再迅速增加,最后缓慢增加至损伤值1;岩溶化裂隙岩体存在异构特征,导致破坏裂隙起源于具有初始损伤的溶蚀孔洞和裂隙处,随后裂隙经历萌发、扩张和剪切作用、数量和长度增加以及裂隙贯通4个阶段后发生宏观破坏。 相似文献
5.
为了研究深部煤体在开采扰动影响下的渗透率演化规律,以三向应力条件下的煤体渗透率模型为基础,从吸附解吸作用引起裂隙变形和损伤破裂造成煤基质弹性模量劣化的角度进行理论推导,引入内膨胀应变系数的概念,同时基于Drucker-Prager破坏准则的损伤本构关系建立了两种考虑煤体损伤破裂的渗透率演化模型——指数型和立方型,并且对常规三轴加载、开采扰动加卸载和改变气体压力下的瓦斯渗透试验结果进行了拟合分析。结果表明：所构建的两种模型可以较好地反映常规三轴加载和开采扰动加卸载下煤体渗透率的分区段变化特征,也可以描述有效围压恒定条件下煤体渗透率随气体压力升高而降低的规律。在开采扰动加卸载和改变气体压力的试验中,指数型的拟合效果略优于立方型。研究结果可为深部煤炭开采及瓦斯抽采的工作提供指导。 相似文献
6.
为探究不同初始瓦斯压力下煤体动力学特性及其劣化规律,利用自主研发的含瓦斯煤岩动静组合加载试验系统对含瓦斯煤开展冲击压缩试验,结合CT扫描系统分析了含瓦斯煤内部裂隙的扩展演化规律,并基于不同初始瓦斯压力下冲击煤样内部裂隙率增量定量表征了其细观损伤程度,探讨了冲击荷载作用下含瓦斯煤宏观力学参量劣化规律。研究结果表明：（1）冲击荷载作用下含瓦斯煤动态应力-应变曲线无明显压密阶段,分为线弹性阶段、塑性硬化阶段和破坏阶段,并发现随初始瓦斯压力升高,冲击煤样峰值强度、峰值应变和弹性模量均出现弱化现象;（2）瓦斯加剧了煤体内部裂隙的扩展和贯通,并根据CT扫描结果发现,含瓦斯煤冲击破坏模式主要以劈裂和层裂破坏为主,随初始瓦斯压力升高,两种破坏模式越显著,煤体内部裂隙数量及其损伤程度逐渐增大,空间裂隙网络更为复杂;（3）基于细观层面定义了损伤变量,得其值随初始瓦斯压力升高呈现二次函数上升,对比冲击载荷作用下煤体动态强度与以裂隙率增量定义损伤程度所得理论强度,验证了细观层面煤体裂隙率增量定义损伤变量的合理性,建立了含瓦斯煤细观劣化与宏观参量损失的内在联系。研究成果丰富了含瓦斯煤动力学基础理论,为矿井煤岩瓦... 相似文献
7.
针对粗粒料的应变软化、剪胀等力学特性,通过考虑以剪切带为标志的应变局部化现象,建立了具有广泛适用性的剪切损伤力学模型。损伤模型采用了包体理论中的剪切带数学简化,基于应变等价原理、Weibull分布,推导了粗粒料的应力-应变关系方程。从剪胀作用的机制出发,提出可以描述剪胀弱化的轴向塑性应变和体积塑性应变的非线性函数关系。结合粗粒料三轴压缩试验中的伺服过程,提出了基于遗传算法的损伤模型参数确定方法。通过开展不同围压下的粗粒料三轴压缩试验,对剪切损伤力学模型进行验证,进一步分析了参数演化对粗粒料强度和变形特征的影响。研究结果表明,考虑应变局部化特征的剪切损伤力学模型可以高精度的模拟粗粒料的应变软化和剪胀等特征,有效揭示剪切带内部变形对试样整体宏观变形的影响机制,模型中剪切带参数和围压的关系与粗粒料细观机制一致,计算得到强度组成与颗粒破碎、重组特征较为吻合。 相似文献
8.
开采扰动诱发的煤与瓦斯突出是煤矿生产过程中的主要瓦斯动力灾害之一。为系统探索开采扰动下煤体损伤演化特征和瓦斯渗流规律,拟开展不同瓦斯压力下全应力应变–渗流实验。通过考虑气体吸附和热膨胀效应修正广义胡克定律,建立基于塑性变形的煤体损伤本构关系,进一步构建考虑损伤的分段渗透率模型。结果表明:以渗透率突变点为界,可将煤体渗透率分为峰前和峰后2个变化阶段。其中,峰前呈指数型降低,而峰后急剧增加,峰值抗压强度和弹性模量均随着瓦斯压力升高而降低;煤体轴向塑性应变和损伤演化规律具有良好的一致性,二者均呈现出峰前变化不大,峰后激增的变化趋势;利用不同瓦斯压力和50℃实验数据对所建的损伤模型及渗透率模型进行验证,得到理论曲线和实验数据具有较好的吻合度,表明新建模型可较好地反映不同条件下煤体破坏失稳过程中的损伤演化规律和瓦斯渗流特征。 相似文献
9.
三轴压缩条件下冻融单裂隙岩样裂缝贯通机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用岩石力学伺服试验机,对预制单裂隙模型试样进行冻融循环后的三轴压缩试验,基于冻融循环试验对裂隙岩体的冻融损伤劣化模式进行研究,探讨经历不同冻融循环次数后的裂隙岩样在三轴压缩条件下裂缝的贯通机制。试验发现：裂隙岩体的冻融损伤劣化模式有颗粒散落模式、龟裂模式和沿预制裂隙断裂模式3种;在三轴加载条件下,冻融裂隙岩样的贯通模式呈现拉贯通、剪贯通、压贯通和混合贯通4种;贯通模式和冻融循环次数、围压的大小以及裂隙倾角有关,随着冻融循环次数的增加和围压的升高,岩样表面的破裂线越来越多,导致裂纹的贯通模式由单一贯通转换为混合贯通,在围压为2、6 MPa时,岩样的破坏模式为拉-压贯通,而围压为4 MPa时,岩样主要呈现拉贯通,裂隙倾角为30°的岩样主要贯通模式为拉贯通,裂隙倾角为60°的岩样主要贯通模式为剪贯通。 相似文献
10.
《岩土力学》2019,(11):4289-4298
为了探究采掘扰动和温度变化对工作面前方煤体渗透率的影响,将引起煤体裂隙变形的因素划分为有效应力、吸附解吸和热膨胀3部分。基于损伤力学、吸附理论和热应力理论推导出了采掘扰动与温度耦合作用下煤体裂隙应变表达式,进而构建了采掘扰动与温度耦合影响下工作面前方煤体渗透率模型。结合改变温度、同时改变扰动应力和温度的两种渗透率试验结果对所建立的模型适用性进行了拟合分析,并对模型中的参数敏感性进行了讨论。结果表明:所构建的煤体渗透率模型可以较好地描述采掘扰动与温度耦合影响下煤体渗透率的演化过程;在同一温度下,煤体渗透率随着内膨胀应变系数的增大而增大,随着热内膨胀应变系数的增大而减小。研究结果可为煤炭开采及瓦斯抽采的工作提供指导。 相似文献
11.
Impact of Gas Adsorption Induced Coal Matrix Damage on the Evolution of Coal Permeability 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
W. C. Zhu C. H. Wei J. Liu T. Xu D. Elsworth 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2013,46(6):1353-1366
It has been widely reported that coal permeability can change from reduction to enhancement due to gas adsorption even under the constant effective stress condition, which is apparently inconsistent with the classic theoretical solutions. This study addresses this inconsistency through explicit simulations of the dynamic interactions between coal matrix swelling/shrinking induced damage and fracture aperture alteration, and translations of these interactions to permeability evolution under the constant effective stress condition. We develop a coupled coal–gas interaction model that incorporates the material heterogeneity and damage evolution of coal, which allows us to couple the progressive development of damage zone with gas adsorption processes within the coal matrix. For the case of constant effective stress, coal permeability changes from reduction to enhancement while the damage zone within the coal matrix develops from the fracture wall to further inside the matrix. As the peak Langmuir strain is approached, the decrease of permeability halts and permeability increases with pressure. The transition of permeability reduction to permeability enhancement during gas adsorption, which may be closely related to the damage zone development in coal matrix, is controlled by coal heterogeneity, external boundary condition, and adsorption-induced swelling. 相似文献
12.
为探究煤岩在变轴压加载下的变形破坏和瓦斯渗流演化规律,以原煤煤粉压制的煤体试件为研究对象,采用含瓦斯煤热流固耦合三轴伺服渗流试验系统,进行了5种不同轴压加载路径下的煤体三轴压缩及瓦斯渗流试验。研究结果表明,煤体变形可分为压密、稳定发展、非稳定破裂发展和破裂后4个阶段;压密阶段试件的应变变化速率主要与张开性结构面和裂隙有关,与轴压加载区间无关,稳定发展阶段虽然轴压加载速率不同,但在相同的轴压加载区间,轴向应变变化速率基本相同;变轴压加载前期煤体渗透率与轴压的加载速率呈负相关变化,中后期渗透率变化速率与轴压加载速率相关性不大。研究结论对指导冲击地压以及煤与瓦斯突出的监测预警有着重要意义。 相似文献
13.
Impact of transition from local swelling to macro swelling on the evolution of coal permeability 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jishan Liu Jianguo WangZhongwei Chen Shugang WangDerek Elsworth Yaodong Jiang 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,88(1):31-40
Laboratory observations have shown that coal permeability under the influence of gas adsorption can change instantaneously from reduction to enhancement. It is commonly believed that this instantaneous switching of permeability is due to the fact that the matrix swelling ultimately ceases at higher pressures and the influence of effective stresses take over. In this study, our previously-developed poroelastic model is used to uncover the true reason why coal permeability switches from reduction to enhancement. This goal is achieved through explicit simulations of the dynamic interactions between coal matrix swelling/shrinking and fracture aperture alteration, and translations of these interactions to perrmeability evolution under unconstrained swellings. Our results of this study have revealed the transition of coal matrix swelling from local swelling to macro-swelling as a novel mechanism for this switching. Our specific findings include: (1) at the initial stage of CO2 injection, matrix swelling is localized within the vicinity of the fracture compartment. As the injection continues, the swelling zone is extending further into the matrix and becomes macro-swelling. Matrix properties control the swelling transition from local swelling to macro swelling; (2) matrix swelling processes control the evolution of coal permeability. When the swelling is localized, coal permeability is controlled by the internal fracture boundary condition and behaves volumetrically; when the swelling becomes macro-swelling, coal permeability is controlled by the external boundary condition and behaves non-volumetrically; and (3) matrix properties control the switch from local swelling to macro swelling and the associated switch in permeability behavior from reduction to recovery. Based on these findings, a permeability switching model has been proposed to represent the evolution of coal permeability under variable stress conditions. This model is verified against our experimental data. It is found that the model predictions are consistent with typical laboratory and in-situ observations available in lietratures. 相似文献
14.
Water plays an important role in the mechanical properties of roadway surrounding rocks and poses a great threat to their stability. To study the damage and failure characteristics, and the fracture development laws of surrounding rock, a uniaxial compression test for prefabricated fractures in water-bearing surrounding rock was carried out. Results indicate that water-bearing prefabricated fracture specimens are in better development condition after failure. In water-bearing specimens, the propagation direction is more complex. There are more secondary fissures, and the fracture strength is significantly lower than in dry specimens. When immersed in water, the interior structure of surrounding rock is weakened and softened; thus, the intensity is reduced, and the development and propagation of fractures is promoted. For larger angles of the prefabricated fractures, the compression failure of surrounding rock changes into shear failure. As the angles approach 90°, the shear failure again prevails. Therefore, the strength of the surrounding rock firstly decreases and then increases. A new ultimate stress strength model is developed for fractures caused by shear slip failure in water-bearing surrounding rock. The model results are consistent with the experimental results, and the validity of the model is verified. These results are helpful for deeply understanding the failure process of water-bearing surrounding rock with prefabricated fractures. The proposed model could be used for the evaluation of water-bearing surrounding rock stability in coal mines, as well as dynamic risk monitoring. 相似文献
15.
针对煤层注水防尘过程中注水压力设置不合理、注水渗流效果差等问题,采用CT扫描技术与RFPA软件相结合的方法,构建了可以表征注水煤岩体内部孔裂隙结构的三维细观非均匀渗流损伤数值模型。通过对经过CT三维重构的煤岩模型进行不同注水压力的渗流损伤模拟,研究了煤层注水压力对煤样的渗流破坏、渗透率演化及声发射特性变化的影响;并通过对重构的煤岩模型进行缩放处理,研究了煤岩尺寸对煤样的渗流破坏和声发射变化的影响。研究结果表明：在煤样微观裂隙扩展过程中,随着注水压力的递增,煤样损伤单元数、渗流运动的渗流场分布范围、渗透率、声发射数目和能量总体呈上升趋势,局部范围内有波动发生,发生波动的原因是由于渗流运动的渗流场与煤样裂隙内部应力场发生临界反应,致使煤样破坏单元位置发生改变;煤样渗透率由3.82×10−5 μm2上升至0.314 μm2,孔隙率由5.45%上升至48.45%,揭示了煤岩体裂隙总体上随注水压力增大而不断扩展贯通,局部上随注水压力增大而扩展趋势有所下降的影响规律;随着煤样尺寸的增加,注水破坏后煤样的孔隙率呈现先下降后逐渐平稳的趋势,声发射特性变化趋势正好与之相反,表明煤样的尺寸对注水煤岩渗流破坏有显著影响,但当煤样尺寸超过40 mm时,煤样尺寸对注水煤岩渗流破坏的影响趋于稳定。CT扫描技术与RFPA软件相结合的方法能够有效模拟注水煤岩的裂隙渗流扩展行为。 相似文献
16.
Bedding structure has affected gas flow in coal seam greatly, which also controls gas permeation direction and gas extraction results, and finally it has tremendous influence on prevention and control of gas disaster accidents. Combined with engineering practice of gas disaster prevention and control in China, in this paper, permeability evolution of nature coal in different bedding directions in the condition of loading is studied, and the results showed that in three directions of bedding fractures, permeability of coal which is parallel to bedding planes is the highest; it would be much easier for gas percolation along the bedding planes than other directions. In the unloading process, tension–shear destruction appears in coal sample which is oblique to bedding along the bedding planes, with a sudden increase in permeability. It is difficult for the crack damage from loading process to recover in unloading process, that is, permeability of unloading isn’t just a simple reverse process of loading. Combined with the permeability evolution of the three coal samples in the whole process, three permeability evolution models which include elasticity, plasticity and fracture are proposed. Based on the experimental results, gas extraction using boreholes along coal seam and through coal seam is compared during depressurized mining. Due to the bedding structure of coal seam, a large area of fracture network of “boreholes–bedding fractures” is formed among boreholes through coal seam and bedding structure, which makes the good effect of gas extraction using boreholes through coal seam. Research results will be of important guiding significance for choosing the best gas extraction scheme, layout of setting parameters of drilling boreholes and gas disaster prevention in the underground coal mine. 相似文献
17.
低透煤层增透效果的定量描述和评价一直处于盲目状态,使得煤矿瓦斯治理中致裂措施、瓦斯抽采不能因地制宜。增透率可反映采动或人工增透措施对煤岩体渗透特性的改变,并可定量评价煤层增透效果,其分布和演化规律可精准圈定瓦斯富集区域,指导瓦斯抽采钻孔的合理布置。在简化钻孔和裂隙模型基础上,求解了采动条件下钻孔的体积应变,提出了针对单孔的增透率计算方法;依托同煤矿塔山矿8212采面,开展现场裂隙探测试验,研究了工作面前方采动裂隙网络发育演化及卸压增透变化规律,并分析了单孔增透率随回采面推进的演化特征。结果表明：裂隙网络呈现“从无到有、从短变长、从窄变宽、不断贯通”的趋势,煤岩体单孔增透率随回采面推进呈现先逐渐上升后保持平稳的趋势,该成果有望直接优化煤矿现场瓦斯抽采孔的布置设计。 相似文献
18.
页岩储层裂隙渗透率模型和试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
页岩储层的裂隙渗透率是评价页岩气开采的重要参数,基于裂隙法向刚度的概念,考虑页岩储层变形过程中裂隙系统和基质系统之间的相互作用以及页岩气解吸引起的体应变,提出了与有效应力相关的页岩储层的渗透率模型。然后分别分析了页岩气藏在单轴应变和常体积条件下的渗透率模型,分析表明,单轴应变和常体积条件下（3个方向的总应变都为0）的裂隙渗透率模型完全一致。采用脉冲衰减渗透率仪测试了煤系页岩的裂隙渗透率,当有效应力从0.7 MPa增加到14.5 MPa时,渗透率从41.81×10-17 m2降到5.43×10-17 m2。为了阐述渗透率模型的有效性,利用煤系页岩的渗透率数据对有效应力-渗透率模型进行拟合。结果表明,当裂隙的法向刚度、张开度和煤系页岩的初始渗透率分别为57 922.5 MPa/m、0.000 17 m和50.15×10-17 m2时,有效应力-渗透率模型和煤系页岩的渗透率拟合程度较好。然后利用现场渗透率数据对该模型进行拟合,结果表明,当裂隙的法向刚度和张开度的关系符合反比例函数时,拟合程度非常好。该渗透率模型适合于单轴应变、常体积和常围压条件,可用于描述页岩气开采过程中页岩储层裂隙渗透率随孔隙压力的变化规律。同时,该渗透率模型和P&M模型以及S&D模型进行了比较,结果表明,该渗透率模型的拟合结果与S&D模型基本一致,但与P&M模型存在一定的差别。 相似文献