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1.
陈崇希 《地球科学》1995,20(4):361-366
岩溶含水介质由管道、裂隙与孔隙3类空隙介质组成,它们对地下水流动具有不同的贡献,简述了当前岩溶水的几种主要定理评价方法,提出折算渗透系数KL概念,建立了岩溶三重空隙介质地下水流统一的控制方程,引出管道与裂隙在达西流与非达西流状态下的渗透系数与折算渗透系数的表达式,从而将达西流与非达西流耦合在一个模型中。本文提出岩溶三重介质地下水流的模拟方法,并给出理想模型的模拟结果。  相似文献   

2.
岩溶含水介质由管道、裂隙与孔隙3类空隙介质组成,它们对地下水流动具有不同的贡献。简述了当前岩溶水的几种主要定量评价方法,提出折算渗透系数尺概念,建立了岩溶三重空隙介质地下水流统一的控制方程,引出管道与裂隙在达西流与非达西流状态下的渗透系数与折算渗透系数的表达式,从而将达西流与非达西流耦合在一个模型中。本文提出岩溶三重介质地下水流的模拟方法,并给出理想模型的模拟结果。  相似文献   

3.
本文讨论了孔隙-裂隙含水层地下水向水井流动特性。假定条件是孔隙、裂隙发育均匀、岩石骨架刚性等。通过1960年巴连勃拉特建立的孔隙-裂隙双重介质模型,分别对孔隙、裂隙导出了普遍适用的承压含水层地下水渗流基本微分方程。 与裂隙中水的渗流速度相比,孔隙中水的渗流速度很小,可以忽略,并借助达西定律、状态方程等辅助方程,对无越流、无限含水层轴对称问题,用拉普拉斯变换方  相似文献   

4.
随机连续模型分析裂隙岩体耦合行为   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
陈伟  阮怀宁 《岩土力学》2008,29(10):2708-2712
利用能够反映岩体水力性质空间变异特性的随机连续模型对隧洞开挖过程中的裂隙岩体渗流-应力耦合过程进行了数值分析。随机渗透系数场通过顺序指示模拟方法生成。顺序指示法是一种非参数地质统计学技术,他允许输入任何形式的渗透系数概率分布而不需要对分布做任何假设。由随机模拟生成的渗透系数场被投影到有限元计算网格中进行耦合分析。力学响应使用基于连续介质的节理本构模型来反映岩体中软弱面的影响。结果表明,随机连续模型能够较好地预测裂隙岩体的稳定入渗率,水力性质的空间变异性对裂隙介质的耦合过程起着重要作用。在不排水条件下,隧洞每次开挖开始时,由于岩石应力重分布,孔隙水受到扰动,短时间内不能流动平衡,因此孔压会迅速上升,这对于围岩稳定是不利的。  相似文献   

5.
基于COMSOL Multiphysics软件对非饱和裂隙土降雨入渗特性进行数值模拟研究。通过将裂隙和基质分别离散成有限单元,建立了能充分模拟土中裂隙流、基质流以及裂隙-基质流量交换的离散裂隙-孔隙介质模型。结合"空气单元"的概念,对裂隙土的上边界进行模拟。该方法不仅能描述降雨初期雨水沿裂隙优先入渗的现象,还能描述当降雨量大于裂隙土入渗量时雨水沿地表流走的现象。通过对地表以下2 m深度内低渗含裂隙土体进行模拟,分析了裂隙的几何特征、基质的水力特性、前期水分条件以及降雨强度对非饱和裂隙土降雨入渗过程的影响。结果表明,在非饱和裂隙土中,存在两个主要的渗流过程:一是水沿裂隙优先流动;二是水不断从裂隙吸入基质中,基质吸收水的作用抑制了裂隙中优势流的发展。与裂隙的几何特征相比,基质的水力特性对非饱和裂隙土渗流的影响较大。增大基质的饱和渗透系数可能使由裂隙流主导的渗流过程转变为由基质流主导的渗流过程,而基质的非饱和特性与裂隙土的初始含水率改变了土体的储水能力,从而加速或延缓了降雨入渗至某一深度的时间。降雨强度对土体入渗速率和入渗量均有影响,当超过裂隙土的入渗能力时,多余积水沿地表流走,断面入渗率随...  相似文献   

6.
岩石裂隙毛管压力-饱和度关系曲线的试验研究   总被引:18,自引:3,他引:15       下载免费PDF全文
叶自桐  韩冰 《水科学进展》1998,9(2):112-117
介绍了三峡花岗岩体裂隙毛管压力-饱和度试验。试验采用互不溶混驱替法。试验结果表明,在渗流基本特征方面,裂隙非饱和渗流毛管压力-饱和度关系曲线与空隙介质水分特征曲线具有相似性,如毛管压力-饱和度关系曲线的滞后现象;湿润流体(水)的排泄曲线具有进气压和束缚水饱和度;非湿润流体的吸湿曲线具有残余饱和度。这种相似性表明,孔隙介质非饱和渗流的研究成果可用于裂隙非饱和渗流,孔隙介质水分特征曲线的解析模型,可用于研究裂隙毛管压力-饱和度关系曲线和拟合毛管压力-饱和度排泄曲线的试验数据。  相似文献   

7.
李锦辉  蔡成志 《岩土力学》2012,33(9):2595-2699
裂隙易在降雨作用下诱发滑坡等灾害,裂隙的饱和/非饱和渗透特性是研究此类问题的关键。利用精密数控机床制作随机粗糙裂隙面,并研制了一套仪器进行此随机粗糙裂隙的渗流试验,得到了裂隙的饱和渗透系数,然后通过间接方法预测此裂隙的非饱和渗透系数。研究发现,当裂隙平均开度为0.4 mm时,其饱和渗透系数为0.1 m/s。通过立方定律得到的水力等效隙宽为0.35 mm,小于其平均隙宽。同时裂隙的渗透系数与平均隙宽的平方成正比,这与立方定律的趋势相一致。研究得到了不同隙宽裂隙的非饱和渗透系数函数,当基质吸力小于进气值时,渗透系数为一常数,即为饱和渗透系数;当基质吸力大于进气值时,裂隙板的渗透系数急剧减小。当裂隙板的基质吸力达到其残余含水率对应的吸力值时,裂隙板的渗透系数基本稳定。在此情况下,基质吸力的继续增加对渗透系数的影响非常小,很难使渗透系数减小。  相似文献   

8.
吉小明 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z1):305-310
基于混合物理论孔隙-裂隙岩体的双重孔隙介质水力耦合计算的微分方程,利用伽辽金有限元法提出了相应的有限元公式,并基于岩体分类指标(RQD,RMR)提出了与岩体应变状态相关的渗透系数计算公式。编制了裂隙岩体双重介质流固耦合的2-D有限元程序,给出的验证算例表明,该程序是合理和实用的。同时将该程序用于隧道开挖的模拟计算,探讨渗流效应对开挖隧道围岩变形与渗流场的影响。计算结果表明,在隧道设计中不考虑渗流的影响是偏于不安全的。  相似文献   

9.
天然岩体中存在着大量的孔隙和裂隙,这些缺陷不仅改变了岩体的力学性质,也严重影响了岩体的渗流特性。在对现有裂隙岩体渗流特性研究成果进行分析的基础上,讨论了岩体单个裂隙的力学性质和渗流对单个裂隙岩体产生的力学作用,研究了岩体单裂隙渗透系数与岩体三维应力的关系,考虑了裂隙粗糙度对渗流的影响以及不同方向应力对渗透性影响的差异,分析了单个裂隙岩体在三向应力作用下的渗流特征,得出了裂隙所受三维应力与渗透系数关系式,认为垂直于裂隙面的应力对岩体渗透性起主导作用,岩体渗透系数随垂直裂隙面应力的增加而迅速减小。通过与渗流规律试验结果对比分析,证明了所得单个裂隙岩体渗透系数表达式的正确性。  相似文献   

10.
双重介质渗流水力特性试验装置研究及应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研制的双重介质渗流水力特性试验系统,由双重介质试验模块、水循环控制模块和数据采集模块三部分组成,较好地解决了孔隙介质和裂隙介质的模拟、边界条件的模拟、止水工艺的完善和水交换信息采集等关键问题,并具有裂隙宽度可调节,精度高,自动化程度高,试验数据实时全自动采集等特点。该系统可用以研究基于双重介质模型的水量交换以及渗流场的水压分布规律以及双重介质的水力性态和渗流机制。利用该试验系统进行双重法介质渗流水力特性试验,通过趋势图直观分析、极差和方差分析和F-检验等分析手段,得出孔隙-裂隙双重介质水交换影响因子对双重介质水交换的影响能力,从大到小依次为:裂隙宽度、孔隙介质渗透系数、压力梯度、水温。  相似文献   

11.
破碎砂岩渗透特性与孔隙率关系的试验研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
黄先伍  唐平  缪协兴  陈占清 《岩土力学》2005,26(9):1385-1388
利用一种专利装置与MTS815.02型岩石力学试验系统,进行了破碎砂岩的稳态渗透试验,得到了不同孔隙率下破碎砂岩的渗透率和非Darcy流 因子。通过线性回归得到了渗透率、非Darcy流 因子与孔隙率之间的关系。认为破碎岩石的渗透特性主要是由孔隙率决定的,孔隙率不仅与当前的应力有关,更取决于加载历史。研究表明,水在破碎砂岩中的渗流一般不服从Darcy定律,而服从Forchheimer关系,特别是在小孔隙率下,非Darcy性更为突出;渗透率、非Darcy流 因子与孔隙率之间的关系可用幂函数拟合。  相似文献   

12.
许凯  雷学文  孟庆山  梁鹏 《岩土力学》2011,32(Z2):562-567
坝体的渗流计算常采用近似的线性渗流计算方法,然而对于堆石结构而言,在高水力梯度的作用下,由于流体惯性力与紊流的影响,水力梯度与渗流流速之间偏离了线性的达西定律,堆石体中不同孔隙介质的交界面错综复杂更增加了渗流场形态的复杂性。此时,使用非达西渗流的计算方法,可以提高渗流计算的精度,更加客观地描述渗流场中的渗流行为。基于伽辽金加权余量法推演了Forchheimer方程的非线性有限单元法公式,应用该方法对堆石坝渗流场问题进行了数值模拟计算,并给出了工程实例。研究表明,用该方法可以很好地研究渗流场中的非达西渗流现象。对比达西渗流计算与非达西渗流计算结果之间的差异,得出了非达西渗流计算的意义。对堆石坝结构而言,非达西渗流计算的结构显示渗流场的局部区域可能出现高水力坡降区域扩散的现象。此外,水力坡降峰值对比达西渗流计算结果有所增大,这说明真实渗流场的水力坡降峰值有可能超出材料的临界水力坡降允许值,从而引起坝体的渗透破坏。  相似文献   

13.
In this paper, 3D steady‐state fluid flow in a porous medium with a large number of intersecting fractures is derived numerically by using collocation method. Fluid flow in the matrix and fractures is described by Darcy's law and Poiseuille's law, respectively. The recent theoretical development presented a general potential solution to model the steady‐state flow in fractured porous media under a far‐field condition. This solution is a hypersingular integral equation with pressure field in the fracture surfaces as the main unknown. The numerical procedure can resolve the problem for any form of fractures and also takes into account the interactions and the intersection between fractures. Once the pressure field and then the flux field in fractures have been determined, the pressure field in the porous matrix is computed completely. The basic problem of a single fracture is investigated, and a semi‐analytical solution is presented. Using the solution obtained for a single fracture, Mori‐Tanaka and self‐consistent schemes are employed for upscaling the effective permeability of 3D fractured porous media. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

14.
It is well known that for a sufficiently high seepage velocity, the governing flow law of porous media is nonlinear (J. Computers & Fluids 2010; 39 : 2069–2077). However, this fact has not been considered in the studies of soil‐pore fluid interaction and in conventional soil mechanics. In the present paper, a fully explicit dynamic finite element method is developed for nonlinear Darcy law. The governing equations are expressed for saturated porous media based on the extension of the Biot (J. Appl. Phys. 1941; 12 : 155–164) formulation. The elastoplastic behavior of soil under earthquake loading is simulated using a generalized plasticity theory that is composed of a yield surface along with non‐associated flow rule. Numerical simulations of porous media subjected to horizontal and vertical components of ground motion excitations with different permeability coefficients are carried out; while computed maximum pore water pressure is specially taken into consideration to make the difference between Darcy and non‐Darcy flow regimes tangible. Finally, the effect of non‐Darcy flow on the evaluated liquefaction potential of sand in comparison to conventional Darcy law is examined. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

15.
张我华  薛新华 《岩土力学》2009,30(5):1357-1361
孔隙的存在是岩土类介质材料结构的本质特征,它不但改变了岩土体的力学特性,而且严重影响着岩土体的渗透特性。大多数经典的渗流理论中,多孔介质模型都假定孔隙率和渗透系数是与时间无关的材料常数。实际上由于淘涮、侵蚀、冲刷等原因,它们是随时间和坐标变化的,同时又与孔隙中的压力、流速等因素有关。基于孔隙率和损伤变量之间的定量关系,从连续损伤力学的角度对多孔介质岩土材料的渗流力学特性进行了研究。首先,对传统的达西定律形式进行修正,提出了孔隙介质完备有效的达西定律(模型);然后,对该模型中渗透参数的特性进行了讨论和分析,得出了一些有益的结论。  相似文献   

16.
A finite element procedure is developed to accurately locate the free surface of unconfined seepage flow through porous media. The free surface is taken as the boundary between wet and dry soils, with flow in the saturated region characterized by Darcy's law. The method involves equations and meshing which are fully consistent with a general formulation for geotechnical engineering problems involving simultaneous solution of pore fluid pressures and soil skeleton displacements. Accuracy and versatility of the proposed procedure are demonstrated by solving various unconfined seepage flow problems through earth structures. Free surfaces and flownets are presented for the calculated flow fields.  相似文献   

17.
Grid adaptive methods combined with domain adaptation are discussed for two-dimensional seepage flow problems with free boundaries through porous media. Examples of grid and domain adaptive methods are presented to demonstrate several ways to predict grids and shapes of free boundaries using an iterative scheme. Finally, the combined adaptive methods are applied to obtain smooth non-oscillatory shape of a free boundary of seepage flow through non-homogeneous porous media.  相似文献   

18.
Yan  Chengzeng  Fan  Hongwei  Huang  Duruo  Wang  Gang 《Acta Geotechnica》2021,16(10):3061-3086

A novel two-dimensional mixed fracture–pore seepage model for fluid flow in fractured porous media is presented based on the computational framework of finite-discrete element method (FDEM). The model consists of a porous seepage model in triangular elements bonded by unbroken joint elements, as well as a fracture seepage model in broken joint elements. The principle for determining the fluid exchange coefficient of the unbroken joint element is provided to ensure numerical accuracy and efficiency. The mixed fracture–pore seepage model provides a simple but effective tool for solving fluid flow in fractured porous media. In this paper, examples of 1D and 2D seepage flow in porous media and porous media with a single fracture or multiple fractures are studied. The simulation results of the model match well with theoretical solutions or results obtained by commercial software, which verifies the correctness of the mixed fracture–pore seepage model. Furthermore, combining FDEM mechanical calculation and the mixed fracture–pore seepage model, a coupled hydromechanical model is built to simulate fluid-driven dynamic propagation of cracks in the porous media, as well as its influence on pore seepage and fracture seepage.

  相似文献   

19.
This paper presents a numerical model for simulating free surface flow in porous media with spatially varying porosity. The governing equations are based on the mixture theory. The resistance forces between solid and fluid is assumed to be nonlinear. A multiphase SPH approach is presented to solve the governing equations. In the multiphase SPH, water is modeled as a weakly compressible fluid, and solid phase is discretized by fixed solid particles carrying information of porosity. The model is validated by several numerical examples including seepage through specimen, fast flow through rockfill dam and wave interaction with porous structure. Good agreements between numerical results and experimental data are obtained in terms of flow rate and evolution of free surface. Parameter study shows that (1) the nonlinear resistance law provides more accurate results; (2) particle size and porosity have significant influence on the porous flow.  相似文献   

20.
马秀媛  芮洪兴  王倩 《岩土力学》2014,35(8):2191-2196
岩体赋存于一定地质环境中,经过漫长的地质构造作用,形成由连续性状的岩石材料和非连续性状的各种地质结构面组成的复杂地质体。渗透率是影响这种复杂岩体渗透特性的重要参数之一,渗透率选择的正确与否直接关系到裂隙岩体渗流分析结果的可靠性与工程稳定性。采用室内试验的方法,结合达西定律确定裂隙岩体的渗透率。通过自行研发的5种尺寸压力室测定不同尺寸岩石试样的渗透率,得到由不同裂隙、孔洞组合的岩石试样在稳定流、非稳定流下的渗透率,并由此分析得到多尺度岩石的渗透特性。从多组试验结果中分析可得,随着岩石试样的尺寸增加,岩石的渗流通道增多,从而渗透率增大,但增大到一定程度后会趋于稳定,这一渗透规律对实际工程有指导意义。  相似文献   

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